安徽省滁州市定远县民族中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题

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安徽省滁州市定远县民族中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
A music column by New
Music Friday is from https: //www. npr. org, sharing the best albums
released every Friday. Readers can enjoy and download the album's title track online.
The column is well enjoyed by the music explorers. Here are some recent hits.
The best releases out
Sept. 30
By Stephen Thompson, Keanna Faircloth, Bob Boilen, Tarik Moody
It's been five years
since Bj rk last released an album, but now the Icelandic
icon (偶像) is back with a deeply
inventive set called Fossora. Every sound on the record feels as if it's springing
into the mix from a different direction, as her energetic voice
shares space with everything from bass clarinets (低音单簧管) to the voices of Bj rk's
own creation. Fossora was inspired, at least in part, by the death of the
singer's mother, but joy also exists.
The best releases out
Sept. 16
By Cyrena Touros, Christina Lee, Tarik Moody, Stephen Thompson
The superstar K-pop
girl group BLACKPINK is one of the biggest pop juggernauts in the world, with billions of streams
and massive world tours to its name. Born Pink, its second full-length
album, promises to further
promote BLACKPINK's domination of the U. S. charts.
The best releases out
Sept. 9
By Christina Lee, Ann Powers, Stephen Thompson, Cyrena Touros
Ari Lennox experienced
a huge breakthrough with 2019's much-loved Shea Butter Baby, but her new album age/sex/location
promises to be even bigger. She's been trying many her singles for many months now, and even dropped a
five-song EP last Friday, but the album is finally
here. It somehow sounds modern even if it recreates the most unforgettable R&B
sounds of the'90s and early'00s.
1．Why is Bj rk's mother mentioned
A．She gave Bj rk an energetic voice.
B．She helped Bj rk to record the new album.
C．Her death gave Bj rk some inventive ideas.
D．Her leaving delayed the release of Fossora.
2．What do we know about Ari Lennox's new album
A．It is made up of five songs.
B．It is adapted from Shea Butter Baby.
C．It is intended for single music-lovers.
D．It is trying to make another breakthrough.
3．Who has worked on all the three new albums
A．Stephen Thompson. B．Tarik Moody.
C．Christina Lee. D．Ann Powers.
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
When you visit America, you will see the word "motel" on signs and notice boards. It is made up of "motor" and "hotel" and it is really a hotel for people who arrive by car (however, you don't need a car to stay at one). You have to pay when you arrive for your room, which usually has a bath. Meals are not provided, but there will certainly be a cafeteria. Along the main roads there are a lot of motels. Some provide television in every bedroom while others have swimming pools. Motels are especially useful when you are in the country, far from a town or city. You will also find them in the big National Parks.
In these great National Parks, you may meet guests you don't expect to see. An American friend told me a little story. In the middle of a moonless night she heard strange noises outside her motel window in the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. Thinking it might be a thief, she jumped out of bed, opened the door and crept towards a dark shadow. As she got close, she saw the thief. She was dreadfully frightened：It wasn't a human thief—it was a big black bear. The bear was turning over some empty tins with its paw, looking for tasty bits of food. My friend decided to leave that particular thief alone!
There are also, of course, places called "rooming houses", where they receive lodgers (房客). You will see such signs as Tourists or Rooms Rent, and you could try one of these. A word of warning— looking for a room in New York during the tourist season is like looking for gold on the moon!
4．What can we know about motels
A．The word "motel" is formed by two words.
B．They are free for people who arrive by car.
C．If you want to stay at a motel, you must have a car.
D．You can only find motels in the big National Parks.
5．Which of the following is not provided by motels
A．TV. B．Baths. C．Meals. D．Swimming.
6．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．A little story of the author's.
B．The experience of the author's friend.
C．Bears usually look for tasty food at night.
D．A thief crept into the author's room.
7．What does the underlined part mean
A．Tourists cannot find gold there.
B．It is easy to admire the moon there.
C．Tourists can have a sweet dream there.
D．It is difficult to find a room there.
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
If you've watched Gray's Anatomy, then you've gotten
an insight into the complex hierarchies (等级) that rule a hospital.
Over 17 seasons, the show's heroine, Meredith Grey, got promoted from a
lowly intern (实习生) to chief of general
surgery, learning from the presiding
residents and older surgeons along the way. There's rarely doubt about who is in
charge, who has more expertise, or who should be supervising
and training other staff. Grey's fictional journey illustrates the complicated dynamics
of a health care setting, whether it's a local
clinic or a busy city hospital. Those hierarchies can help teams provide care efficiently, but what happens when
those traditional roles are disrupted
"These status
barriers are tricky. "says Sara Singer, a professor of organizational
behavior and a professor of medicine. "They can get in the way of medical professionals
learning new skills, particularly when junior
employees are asked to show more senior coworkers how to use a new technology. "But, as Singer and her coauthors
reveal in a recent paper, upending these complex
hierarchies can be a useful training strategy.
Singer and her coauthors
studied observations from five different primary care settings over the course of
nearly two years. At each, medical assistants
and patient-service representatives had to learn several new digital technologies.
Even though these positions are fairly low in the medical and administrative order.
Singer says that within these jobs, tenure and status are
still important. So when younger employees were selected to be trainers, that threw the typical
power balance off the good state. At some sites, employees struggled
to pick up the skills they needed. "There were some groups where the training
seemed to be taking and people seemed to be following on with the work that was
intended, "Singer says.
"But at other places it just wasn't working out. "
By creating a system
that gave everyone a chance at those opportunities, clinics could remove
the jealousy that might come from selecting one younger employee over another time
and time again.
8．Why is Grey's Anatomy mentioned in the text
A．To review the main heroine. B．To introduce the main topic.
C．To tell readers a new movie. D．To show the author's attitude.
9．What does Grey's fictional journey show
A．The status barriers in existence.
B．The way to provide care efficiently.
C．The learning spirits of a new employee.
D．The traditional managing system of medical institutions.
10．What can be inferred in the third paragraph
A．Hospitals should offer equal opportunities to accept training.
B．Newly-employed medical workers work hard to learn skills.
C．It is challenging to change the conventional training approach.
D．A new system should be created to evaluate doctors and nurses.
11．Which of the following may Singer agree with according to the text
A．Younger colleagues can be trained to teach older workers new skills.
B．Health care settings in the world are extremely complex.
C．Everybody likes to give the younger people instructions.
D．Medical residents are too busy to balance their work and life.
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
Wax (蜡) paper can't be recycled with other paper items because the wax coating interferes with the recycling process. However, there are still plenty of different options to dispose of your wax paper in an environmentally friendly way.
Wax paper is parchment paper that's been coated with a thin layer of wax on each side. This makes it resistant to wetness and provides a non-stick surface. The majority of wax paper is coated in a food-safe wax, which is made using vegetable oil. Some brands of wax paper also use soybean oil.
The coating in wax paper is water-resistant, and paper needs to be torn with water as one of the first steps in recycling. This makes it unsuitable to be processed alongside most other paper waste. It's also often covered with additional oils from foods, which are not accepted by recycling facilities.
While it can't be recycled, the good news is that some wax paper can be composted at home. If you use wax paper made with vegetable or soybean oil, it can be added in small quantities to your compost. The wax is quite hard for the microbes (微生物) in compost to break down, so your wax paper into small pieces and add it to your compost a little at a time. Wax paper should biodegrade at around the same rate as leaf mulch. If you do use wax paper, the best sort to buy is one with unbleached, natural paper, and a wax coating made using vegetable or soybean oil.
Reusing an item as many times as possible is always a good, environmentally friendly option, especially if it can't be recycled afterward, Rather than throw away your wax paper after one use, you can sometimes use it multiple times to extend its useful life.
12．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2
A．What exactly wax paper is. B．How functional wax paper is.
C．Why wax paper can't be recycled. D．How we can dispose wax paper.
13．What does the underlined word "rip" probably mean in the fourth paragraph
A．Make. B．Press. C．Shake. D．Tear.
14．What may be talked about in the following paragraph
A．Alternatives to wax paper. B．Ideas for reusing wax paper.
C．Items wrapped with wax paper. D．Ways to choose was paper.
15．What is probably the best title for the text
A．Deal with Wax' Paper in Environmentally Friendly Ways'
B．The Importance of Wax Paper's Being Recycled
C．Is Wax Paper Environmentally Friendly
D．What Can Be Used Instead of Wax Paper
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Americans use the word "friend" in a very general way. They have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are based on common interests. 　16． 　, the friendship may fade. Because American society is one of rapid changes, American friendships develop quickly.
People from the United States may at first seem friendly. 　17． 　. They exchange information about their families, hobbies and work. They may smile warmly and say, "Have a nice day. "or" See you later. "But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship. So we should learn how Americans view friendship to help us avoid misunderstandings.
1）Be willing to take the first step. Don't wait for them to approach you. Americans in another country may not know you can speak English. They may be embarrassed if they can't speak your language.
2）Use small talk to open the conversation. 　18． 　, why they came to your country, etc.
Remember to be careful to avoid personal questions about age, salary and appearance.
3）Show an interest in their culture, their country or their job. Americans like to talk about themselves!
4）Invite them to join you for dinner or just for coffee or tea. Try to set a specific time. Americans sometimes make general invitations like "Let's get together sometime. "Often this is just a way to be friendly. 　19． 　.
5）　20． 　. Maybe they're just being friendly. But maybe they do want to be your good friends. It will take time to tell. After all, there are some differences between the two cultures.
A. Don't expect too much at first
B. It is not always a real invitation
C. Ask them where they are from
D. Americans often chat easily with strangers
E. Don't pay a visit to Americans without being asked
F. When the shared activity ends
G. Americans value strong life-long friendships with non-Americans
三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·定远开学考）完形填空
Manny Remilus spent a lot of time in and
out of the hospital as a child. Now he is a 21． . And using the healing powers of music, he is trying to make
the hospital a 22． place for patients.
When he 23． his childhood, the thing Remilus remembers
most vividly is how the nurses really 24． him when he was in the hospital, which made him feel
like he was at home. It really helped him forget the troubles of being in a (n) 25． environment, where he was not always
having his family with him. 26． , as he grew up, he 27． that he wanted to do the same thing in 28． .
Now, Remilus has fortunately 29． his dream. Thanks to the nurses, he still recalls that
time
30． And he is determined
to be a good 31． or the kids at New York's Cohen Children's
Medical Center. So he 32． music
as he thought it is a very powerful tool. Even an impromptu (即兴的) mini "concert"
can boost the patients' 33． .
He sings all kinds of songs to the kids, from nursery rhymes
to contemporary music. He hopes his hospital bedside 34． inspires other nurses to bring
joy to their patients.
"We are all going
through tough times, so whatever it is that
you find can help 35． you and bring you back to 100%, find that thing and
do it, " said Remilus.
21．A．doctor B．therapist C．chemist D．nurse
22．A．simpler B．brighter C．cheaper D．funnier
23．A．looks back on B．looks down on
C．looks out for D．looks forward to
24．A．inspired B．cured C．tended D．trained
25．A．complex B．scary C．uncertain D．unstable
26．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Instead D．Thus
27．A．admitted B．predicted C．agreed D．decided
28．A．particular B．general C．return D．contrast
29．A．accomplished B．continued C．appreciated D．confirmed
30．A．modestly B．bravely C．calmly D．fondly
31．A．memory B．lesson C．choice D．example
32．A．stuck to B．listened to C．turned to D．compared to
33．A．activity B．mood C．confidence D．participation
34．A．acting B．dancing C．singing D．storytelling
35．A．restore B．restrict C．reassess D．remind
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The official medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games 　36． 　(display) on October 26th. The organizing committee introduced the medals-called tong xin, 　37． 　means togetherness that day.
The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact　38． 　(date) back 5, 000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up to now.
Each medal 　39． 　(have) carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity 　40． 　harmony, and they also represent the Olympic values of solidarity and inclusiveness. Carvings of cloud patterns, an element 　41． 　(use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings　42． 　other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. Visually, it looks quite plain at first glance, while details such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven surface have made it 　43． 　(special) than expected, according to the committee.
Gaining 　44． 　(inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital's unique position as the first city　45． 　(host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
五、写作(满分40分)
46．（2023高一下·定远开学考）一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英文稿件，介绍"中秋节"及这个节日里的主要活动。
写作要点：1）它是中国传统节日之一；
2）家人团聚；
3）赏月、吃月饼；
4）还有旅游、访友等其他活动；
5）…
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头语已您写好，不讲总词数.
参考词汇：中秋节：the Mid-Autumn Festival；农历：lunar calendar；赏月：enjoy the full moon；月饼：moon cake
The Mid-Autumn festival
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了3个《新音乐星期五》专栏分享给读者的每周五发布的最佳专辑。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 30部分中的“Every sound on the record feels as if it's springing into the mix from a different direction, as her energetic voice shares space with everything from bass clarinets (低音单簧管) to the voices of Bj rk's own creation. Fossora was inspired, at least in part, by the death of the singer's mother, but joy also exists.”唱片上的每一个声音都感觉像是从不同的方向融入了混音，从低音单簧管到Bj rk自己创作的声音，她的充满活力的声音与一切都共享空间。Fossora至少在一定程度上受到了歌手母亲去世的启发，但欢乐也存在。)可知，Bj rk妈妈的死给了Bj rk一些创造性的想法。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 9部分中的“Ari Lennox experienced a huge breakthrough with 2019's much-loved Shea Butter Baby, but her new album age/sex/location promises to be even bigger.”Ari Lennox凭借2019年备受喜爱的Shea Butter Baby获得了巨大突破，但她的新专辑《年龄/性别/地点》有望是更大的突破。可知，Ari Lennox的新专辑有望是更大的突破。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 30部分中的“By Stephen Thompson, Keanna Faircloth, Bob Boilen, Tarik Moody”作者：Stephen Thompson、Keanna Faircloth、Bob Boilen、Tarik Moody；The best releases out Sept. 16部分中的“By Cyrena Touros, Christina Lee, Tarik Moody, Stephen Thompson”作者：Cyrena Touros、Christina Lee、Pull Moody、Stephen Thompson；以及The best releases out Sept. 9部分中的“By Christina Lee, Ann Powers, Stephen Thompson, Cyrena Touros”作者：Christina Lee、Ann Powers、Stephen Thompson、Cyrena Touros。可知，Stephen Thompson参与了这三个专辑的创作。故选A。
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】细节理解题；段落大意题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国国家公园里的汽车旅馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、句义猜测题和段落大意题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is made up of 'motor' and 'hotel'”可知，汽车旅馆是由“motor” 和“hotel”两个词组成的，故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Meals are not provided,”可知，汽车旅馆不提供膳食，故选C。
6．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“In these great National Parks, you may meet guests you don't expect to see.”本段主要介绍了在国家公园里你可能会遇到意想不到的客人，再结合后面的例子可知，意想不到的客人指的就是野生动物，可推知，本段主要讲的是在国家公园里你可能会遇到野生动物，故选C。
7．考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的“There are also, of course, places called‘rooming houses', where they receive lodgers (房客). You will see such signs as Tourists or Rooms Rent, and you could try one of these. ”当然，也有一些地方叫做住宿屋，他们在那里接待住客。你会看到“游客”或“房间出租”之类的标志，你可以试试其中的一个。可知“looking for a room in New York during the tourist season is like looking for gold on the moon!”在纽约旅游旺季找房间就像在月球上寻找金子一样困难，也就是说在旅游旺季很难在纽约找到房间，故选D。
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在学习新技术的时候医院可以让年轻医生先学习新技术，然后再教给有经验的老医生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If you've watched Grey's Anatomy, then you've gotten an insight into the complex hierarchies (等级) that rule a hospital.”如果你看过《实习医生格蕾》，你就会对医院里复杂的等级制度有深刻的了解；以及“Those hierarchies can help teams provide care efficiently, but what happens when those traditional roles are disrupted ”这些等级制度可以帮助团队有效地提供医疗服务，但当这些传统角色被打乱时，会发生什么呢？可知，作者在第一段用电影Grey's Anatomy《实习医生格雷》来引出要论述的话题。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Meredith Grey, got promoted from a lowly intern to chief of general surgery, learning from the presiding residents and older surgeon along the way.”Meredith Grey，从一名不起眼的实习生晋升为普通外科主任，一路向主治住院医师和年长的外科医生学习；以及“Grey's fictional journey illustrates the complicated dynamics of a health care setting, whether it's a local clinic or a busy city hospital”格雷虚构的旅程展示了医疗保健环境的复杂动态，无论是当地的诊所还是繁忙的城市医院。可知，格雷的经历展示了医院里传统的管理体系。故选D。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“So when younger employees were selected to be trainers, that threw the typical power balance off the good state.” 因此，当年轻员工被选为培训师时，典型的权力平衡就会脱离良好状态；以及“at other places it just wasn't working out.”而在其他地方，这就行不通了，可推断，改变传统的培训方式是有挑战性的。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“But as Singer and her coauthors reveal in a recent paper, upending these complex hierarchies can be a useful training strategy.”但正如辛格和她的合著者在最近的一篇论文中揭示的那样，颠覆这些复杂的等级制度可能是一种有用的训练策略。可知，Singer很可能会赞同让年轻的同事培训老员工新的技能。故选A。
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．B
15．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是蜡纸，蜡纸不能和其他的纸质物品一起回收的原因及如何重利用蜡纸。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据策二段中的“Wax paper is parchment paper that's been coated with a thin layer of wax on each side. This makes it resistant to wetness and provides a non-Mick surface.”蜡纸是羊皮纸，每一面都涂了一层薄薄的蜡。这使得它抵抗潮湿，并提供了一个非米克表面。可知，作者在第二段主要解释了什么是蜡纸。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“The wax is quite hard for the microbes (微生物) in compost to break down”对于堆肥中的微生物来说，蜡是很难分解的。可知， 蜡很硬，使得堆肥中的微生物不容易分解，因此把蜡纸撕成碎片，每次少放一点。可推知，划线词rip意为“撕碎”。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Rather than throw away your wax paper after one use, you can sometimes use it multiple times to extend its useful life.”有时你可以多次使用蜡纸来延长它的使用寿命，而不是一次使用就扔掉。可知，文章接下来的段落可能会讲一些重复使用蜡纸的想法。故选B。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ Wax (蜡) paper can't be recycled with other paper items because the wax coating interferes with the recycling process. ”蜡纸不能与其他纸张一起回收，因为蜡涂层会干扰回收过程。可知，文章的主要内容是用环保的方式来处理蜡纸。故选A。
【答案】16．F；17．D；18．C；19．B；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国人如何看待友谊，以帮助我们避免误解。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇文化类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“These friendships are based on common interests.”这些友谊是基于共同的兴趣；以及空后“Because American society is one of rapid changes , American friendships develop quickly.”因为美国社会是一个快速变化的社会，美国人的友谊发展得很快。可知，美国人的友谊发展的很快，但是也有可能不会长久。F项中的“shared activity”和“common interests ”对应，F. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may fade.“当共同的活动结束时，友谊可能会消失。”符合语境。故选F。
17．根据空前“People from the United States may at first seem friendly.”从美国来的人可能一开始看起来很友好；以及空后“They exchange information about their families, hobbies and work. They may smile warmly and say,‘ Have a nice day. 'or ‘See you later. '"他们交换关于家庭、爱好和工作的信息。他们可能会热情地微笑着说:“祝你今天过得愉快。”或者“待会儿见。”可知，空处说明美国人善于交谈。D项中的“chat easily ”和“exchange information ”对应。D. Americans often chat easily with strangers.“美国人经常很容易和陌生人聊天。”符合语境。故选D。
18．根据空后“Ask them where they re from , why they came to your country , etc. Remember to be careful to avoid personal questions about age ,salary and appearance.”问问他们来自哪里，为什么来你们国家，等等。记住要小心避免年龄、薪水和外貌等私人问题。可知，本段主要讲述了如何开启谈话。C. Use small talk to open the conversation.“用闲聊来开启对话。”符合语境。故选C。
19．根据空前“Americans sometimes make general invitations like‘ Let's get together sometime.'Often this is just a way to be friendly.”美国人有时会发出一般性的邀请，如“我们什么时候聚一聚吧。”通常这只是表示友好的一种方式。可知，空处说明这样的邀请只是客套话，不是真正的邀请。B. It is not always a real invitation.“它并不总是一个真正的邀请。”符合语境。故选B。
20．根据空后“Maybe they're just being friendly.But maybe they do want to be your good friends. It will take time to tell. After all, there are some differences between the two cultures.”也许他们只是表示友好。但也许他们真的想成为你的好朋友。这需要时间来证明。毕竟，两种文化之间有一些差异。可知，本段主要说明不要有很大的期待。A. Don't expect too much at first.“一开始不要期望太多。”符合语境。故选A。
【答案】21．D；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．C；35．A
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了护士 Manny Remilus 通过音乐疗愈病人的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：现在他是一名护士。A.doctor“医生”；B.therapist“治疗师”；C.chemist“化学家”；D.nurse“护士”。根据下文"When he 3 his childhood，the thing Remilus remembers most vividly is how the nurses really 4 him when he was in the hospital，which made him feel like he was at home."当他回顾自己的童年时，雷米卢斯记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家一样；以及" 6 ，as he grew up，he 7 that he wanted to do the same thing in 8 .Now，Remilus has fortunately 9 his dream."因此，随着他长大，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。现在，Remilus幸运地完成了他的梦想。可知，他现在是一名护士。故选D。
22．句意：利用音乐的治愈力量，他试图让医院成为患者更光明的地方。A.simpler“更简单的”；B.brighter“更明亮的”；C.cheaper“更便宜的”；D.funnier“更有趣的”。根据句意可知，brighter"更明亮的"符合语境。故选B。
23．句意：当他回顾自己的童年时，Remilus 记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家里一样。A.looks back on“回顾”；B.looks down on“看不起”；C；C.looks out for“关注”；D.looks forward to“期待”。根据空后"the thing Remilus remembers most vividly is how the nurses really 4 him when he was in the hospital，which made him feel like he was at home."可知，他在回顾自己的童年。故选A。
24．句意：当他回顾自己的童年时，Remilus 记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家里一样。A.inspired“启发”；B.cured“治愈”；C.tended“照料”；D.trained“训练”。根据下文"which made him feel like he was at home"可知，tended"照料"符合语境。故选C。
25．句意：这真的帮助他忘记了身处恐怖环境中的烦恼，在那里他并不总是有家人陪伴。A.complex“复杂的”；B.scary“可怕的”；C.uncertain“不确定的”；D.unstable“不稳定的”。根据空后文"where he was not always having his family with him."在那里他并不总是有家人陪伴。可知，此处指身处恐怖环境中的烦恼，故选B。
26．句意：现在，雷米卢斯幸运地实现了自己的梦想。A.Nevertheless“尽管如此”；B.Moreover“而且”；C.Instead“相反”；D.Thus“因此”。分析可知，上下文是因果关系。故选D。
27．句意：因此，当他长大后，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。A.admitted“承认”；B.predicted“预测”；C.agreed“同意”；D.decided“决定”。根据语境可知，此处指决定做同样的事情。故选D。
28．句意：因此，当他长大后，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。A.particular“格外的”；B.general“普遍的”；C.return“回报”；D.contrast“对比”。根据句意可知，此处表示"作为回报"，in return固定短语，“作为回报”。故选C。
29．句意：现在， Remilus 幸运地实现了自己的梦想。A.accomplished“完成”；B.continued“继续”；C.appreciated“赞赏”；D.confirmed“确认”。根据空前"fortunately"可知，他实现了自己的梦想。故选A。
30．句意：多亏了护士，他仍然深情地回忆起那段时光。A.modestly“谦虚地”；B.bravely“勇敢地”；C.calmly“冷静地”；D.fondly“愉快地，深情地”。根据句意可知，fondly"愉快地，深情地"符合语境。故选D。
31．句意：他决心成为纽约科恩儿童医疗中心孩子们的美好回忆。A.memory“记忆”；B.lesson“课”；C.choice“选择”；D.example“示例”。根据语境可知，此处指美好回忆。故选A。
32．句意：因此，他转向了音乐，因为他认为这是一个非常强大的工具。A.stuck to“坚持”；B.listened to“倾听”；C.turned to“转向”；D.compared to“与……相比”。根据上文“Now he is a 1 And using the healing powers of music，he is trying to make the hospital a 2 place for patients.”现在他是一名护士。利用音乐的治愈力量，他试图让医院成为患者更光明的地方。可知，他虽然是一名护士，但他也通过音乐来帮助病人。故选C。
33．句意：即兴的 迷你"音乐会"可以提高患者的情绪。A.activity“活动”；B.mood“情绪”；C.confidence“信心”；D.participation“参与”。根据下文"He hopes his hospital bedside 14 inspires other nurses to bring joy to their patients."可知，音乐可以为患者带来快乐，调节他们的情绪。故选B。
34．句意：他希望自己在医院病床边的歌声能激励其他护士为患者带来快乐。A.acting“表演”；B.dancing“跳舞”；C.singing“唱歌”；D.storytelling“讲故事”。根据上文"He sings all kinds of songs to the kids，from nursery rhymes to contemporary music."他给孩子们唱各种各样的歌，从童谣到当代音乐。可知，此处指他希望自己在医院病床边的歌声能激励其他护士，故选C。
35．句意： Remilus 说："我们都在经历艰难时期，所以无论你找到什么，都能帮助你恢复健康，让你恢复100%，找到那件事，然后去做。"A.restore“恢复”；B.restrict“限制”；C.reassess“重新评估”；D.remind“提醒”。根据空后"bring you back to 100%"可知，此处指恢复健康。故选A。
【答案】36．were displayed；37．which；38．dating；39．has；40．and；41．used；42．The；43．more special；44．inspiration；45．to host
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2022年冬奥会和残奥会的官方奖牌设计细节。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，定语从句，非谓语动词，主谓一致，连词，冠词，形容词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：10月26日，北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会官方奖牌亮相。此处是谓语动词。根据时间状语on October 26th可知，此处应用一般过去时态。主语The official medals与动词display构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语为复数，故谓语动词用复数形式，故填were displayed。
37．句意：组委会推出了奖牌——同心，寓意团圆。 means togetherness that day 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为tong xin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，要使用关系代词which，故填which。
38．句意：奖牌的灵感来白于5000年前的中国玉器玉壁。主语 jade artifact 和动词date动之间形成主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填 dating。
39．句意：每枚奖牌的一侧都有奥运五环的雕刻。此处是谓语动词。根据下文谓语动词represent可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语为Each medal，表示单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
40．句意：五环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，也代表着团结与包容的奥林匹克价值观。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空处应填入并列连词，连接名词unity和harmony，表示“和，以及”。故填and。
41．句意：云纹雕刻是2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的一种元素，雪花和冰纹填充了外圈。此处作后置定语。an element与动词use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填used。
42．句意：奖牌的另一面中央有北京2022年会徽。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入冠词。the other“另一个”，指一定范围内或两个人（物）中，特指剩下的“另一个”。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
43．句意：据该委员会称，从视觉上看，一看很简单，但云和雪花图案的雕刻以及不平整的表面等细节使它比预期的更特别。由空后than expected可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填more special。
44．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。空处位于动词后，为名词。inspiration“灵感，启发”，且为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
45．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。city前有序数词修饰，后使用不定式作后置定语，故填to host。
46．【答案】The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.
As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. (Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for celebration. The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month. What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇说明文写作，要求考生 写一篇英文稿件，介绍"中秋节"及这个节日里的主要活动。写作背景：一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）它是中国传统节日之一；2）家人团聚；3）赏月、吃月饼；4）还有旅游、访友等其他活动；5）…提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for celebration. 运用了让步状语从句；What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together.运用了主语从句，限制性定语从句； With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. 运用了with的复合结构。
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安徽省滁州市定远县民族中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
A music column by New
Music Friday is from https: //www. npr. org, sharing the best albums
released every Friday. Readers can enjoy and download the album's title track online.
The column is well enjoyed by the music explorers. Here are some recent hits.
The best releases out
Sept. 30
By Stephen Thompson, Keanna Faircloth, Bob Boilen, Tarik Moody
It's been five years
since Bj rk last released an album, but now the Icelandic
icon (偶像) is back with a deeply
inventive set called Fossora. Every sound on the record feels as if it's springing
into the mix from a different direction, as her energetic voice
shares space with everything from bass clarinets (低音单簧管) to the voices of Bj rk's
own creation. Fossora was inspired, at least in part, by the death of the
singer's mother, but joy also exists.
The best releases out
Sept. 16
By Cyrena Touros, Christina Lee, Tarik Moody, Stephen Thompson
The superstar K-pop
girl group BLACKPINK is one of the biggest pop juggernauts in the world, with billions of streams
and massive world tours to its name. Born Pink, its second full-length
album, promises to further
promote BLACKPINK's domination of the U. S. charts.
The best releases out
Sept. 9
By Christina Lee, Ann Powers, Stephen Thompson, Cyrena Touros
Ari Lennox experienced
a huge breakthrough with 2019's much-loved Shea Butter Baby, but her new album age/sex/location
promises to be even bigger. She's been trying many her singles for many months now, and even dropped a
five-song EP last Friday, but the album is finally
here. It somehow sounds modern even if it recreates the most unforgettable R&B
sounds of the'90s and early'00s.
1．Why is Bj rk's mother mentioned
A．She gave Bj rk an energetic voice.
B．She helped Bj rk to record the new album.
C．Her death gave Bj rk some inventive ideas.
D．Her leaving delayed the release of Fossora.
2．What do we know about Ari Lennox's new album
A．It is made up of five songs.
B．It is adapted from Shea Butter Baby.
C．It is intended for single music-lovers.
D．It is trying to make another breakthrough.
3．Who has worked on all the three new albums
A．Stephen Thompson. B．Tarik Moody.
C．Christina Lee. D．Ann Powers.
【答案】1．C
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了3个《新音乐星期五》专栏分享给读者的每周五发布的最佳专辑。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 30部分中的“Every sound on the record feels as if it's springing into the mix from a different direction, as her energetic voice shares space with everything from bass clarinets (低音单簧管) to the voices of Bj rk's own creation. Fossora was inspired, at least in part, by the death of the singer's mother, but joy also exists.”唱片上的每一个声音都感觉像是从不同的方向融入了混音，从低音单簧管到Bj rk自己创作的声音，她的充满活力的声音与一切都共享空间。Fossora至少在一定程度上受到了歌手母亲去世的启发，但欢乐也存在。)可知，Bj rk妈妈的死给了Bj rk一些创造性的想法。故选C。
2．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 9部分中的“Ari Lennox experienced a huge breakthrough with 2019's much-loved Shea Butter Baby, but her new album age/sex/location promises to be even bigger.”Ari Lennox凭借2019年备受喜爱的Shea Butter Baby获得了巨大突破，但她的新专辑《年龄/性别/地点》有望是更大的突破。可知，Ari Lennox的新专辑有望是更大的突破。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据The best releases out Sept. 30部分中的“By Stephen Thompson, Keanna Faircloth, Bob Boilen, Tarik Moody”作者：Stephen Thompson、Keanna Faircloth、Bob Boilen、Tarik Moody；The best releases out Sept. 16部分中的“By Cyrena Touros, Christina Lee, Tarik Moody, Stephen Thompson”作者：Cyrena Touros、Christina Lee、Pull Moody、Stephen Thompson；以及The best releases out Sept. 9部分中的“By Christina Lee, Ann Powers, Stephen Thompson, Cyrena Touros”作者：Christina Lee、Ann Powers、Stephen Thompson、Cyrena Touros。可知，Stephen Thompson参与了这三个专辑的创作。故选A。
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
When you visit America, you will see the word "motel" on signs and notice boards. It is made up of "motor" and "hotel" and it is really a hotel for people who arrive by car (however, you don't need a car to stay at one). You have to pay when you arrive for your room, which usually has a bath. Meals are not provided, but there will certainly be a cafeteria. Along the main roads there are a lot of motels. Some provide television in every bedroom while others have swimming pools. Motels are especially useful when you are in the country, far from a town or city. You will also find them in the big National Parks.
In these great National Parks, you may meet guests you don't expect to see. An American friend told me a little story. In the middle of a moonless night she heard strange noises outside her motel window in the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. Thinking it might be a thief, she jumped out of bed, opened the door and crept towards a dark shadow. As she got close, she saw the thief. She was dreadfully frightened：It wasn't a human thief—it was a big black bear. The bear was turning over some empty tins with its paw, looking for tasty bits of food. My friend decided to leave that particular thief alone!
There are also, of course, places called "rooming houses", where they receive lodgers (房客). You will see such signs as Tourists or Rooms Rent, and you could try one of these. A word of warning— looking for a room in New York during the tourist season is like looking for gold on the moon!
4．What can we know about motels
A．The word "motel" is formed by two words.
B．They are free for people who arrive by car.
C．If you want to stay at a motel, you must have a car.
D．You can only find motels in the big National Parks.
5．Which of the following is not provided by motels
A．TV. B．Baths. C．Meals. D．Swimming.
6．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．A little story of the author's.
B．The experience of the author's friend.
C．Bears usually look for tasty food at night.
D．A thief crept into the author's room.
7．What does the underlined part mean
A．Tourists cannot find gold there.
B．It is easy to admire the moon there.
C．Tourists can have a sweet dream there.
D．It is difficult to find a room there.
【答案】4．A
5．C
6．B
7．D
【知识点】细节理解题；段落大意题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国国家公园里的汽车旅馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、句义猜测题和段落大意题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It is made up of 'motor' and 'hotel'”可知，汽车旅馆是由“motor” 和“hotel”两个词组成的，故选A。
5．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Meals are not provided,”可知，汽车旅馆不提供膳食，故选C。
6．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“In these great National Parks, you may meet guests you don't expect to see.”本段主要介绍了在国家公园里你可能会遇到意想不到的客人，再结合后面的例子可知，意想不到的客人指的就是野生动物，可推知，本段主要讲的是在国家公园里你可能会遇到野生动物，故选C。
7．考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的“There are also, of course, places called‘rooming houses', where they receive lodgers (房客). You will see such signs as Tourists or Rooms Rent, and you could try one of these. ”当然，也有一些地方叫做住宿屋，他们在那里接待住客。你会看到“游客”或“房间出租”之类的标志，你可以试试其中的一个。可知“looking for a room in New York during the tourist season is like looking for gold on the moon!”在纽约旅游旺季找房间就像在月球上寻找金子一样困难，也就是说在旅游旺季很难在纽约找到房间，故选D。
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
If you've watched Gray's Anatomy, then you've gotten
an insight into the complex hierarchies (等级) that rule a hospital.
Over 17 seasons, the show's heroine, Meredith Grey, got promoted from a
lowly intern (实习生) to chief of general
surgery, learning from the presiding
residents and older surgeons along the way. There's rarely doubt about who is in
charge, who has more expertise, or who should be supervising
and training other staff. Grey's fictional journey illustrates the complicated dynamics
of a health care setting, whether it's a local
clinic or a busy city hospital. Those hierarchies can help teams provide care efficiently, but what happens when
those traditional roles are disrupted
"These status
barriers are tricky. "says Sara Singer, a professor of organizational
behavior and a professor of medicine. "They can get in the way of medical professionals
learning new skills, particularly when junior
employees are asked to show more senior coworkers how to use a new technology. "But, as Singer and her coauthors
reveal in a recent paper, upending these complex
hierarchies can be a useful training strategy.
Singer and her coauthors
studied observations from five different primary care settings over the course of
nearly two years. At each, medical assistants
and patient-service representatives had to learn several new digital technologies.
Even though these positions are fairly low in the medical and administrative order.
Singer says that within these jobs, tenure and status are
still important. So when younger employees were selected to be trainers, that threw the typical
power balance off the good state. At some sites, employees struggled
to pick up the skills they needed. "There were some groups where the training
seemed to be taking and people seemed to be following on with the work that was
intended, "Singer says.
"But at other places it just wasn't working out. "
By creating a system
that gave everyone a chance at those opportunities, clinics could remove
the jealousy that might come from selecting one younger employee over another time
and time again.
8．Why is Grey's Anatomy mentioned in the text
A．To review the main heroine. B．To introduce the main topic.
C．To tell readers a new movie. D．To show the author's attitude.
9．What does Grey's fictional journey show
A．The status barriers in existence.
B．The way to provide care efficiently.
C．The learning spirits of a new employee.
D．The traditional managing system of medical institutions.
10．What can be inferred in the third paragraph
A．Hospitals should offer equal opportunities to accept training.
B．Newly-employed medical workers work hard to learn skills.
C．It is challenging to change the conventional training approach.
D．A new system should be created to evaluate doctors and nurses.
11．Which of the following may Singer agree with according to the text
A．Younger colleagues can be trained to teach older workers new skills.
B．Health care settings in the world are extremely complex.
C．Everybody likes to give the younger people instructions.
D．Medical residents are too busy to balance their work and life.
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．C
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在学习新技术的时候医院可以让年轻医生先学习新技术，然后再教给有经验的老医生。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If you've watched Grey's Anatomy, then you've gotten an insight into the complex hierarchies (等级) that rule a hospital.”如果你看过《实习医生格蕾》，你就会对医院里复杂的等级制度有深刻的了解；以及“Those hierarchies can help teams provide care efficiently, but what happens when those traditional roles are disrupted ”这些等级制度可以帮助团队有效地提供医疗服务，但当这些传统角色被打乱时，会发生什么呢？可知，作者在第一段用电影Grey's Anatomy《实习医生格雷》来引出要论述的话题。故选B。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Meredith Grey, got promoted from a lowly intern to chief of general surgery, learning from the presiding residents and older surgeon along the way.”Meredith Grey，从一名不起眼的实习生晋升为普通外科主任，一路向主治住院医师和年长的外科医生学习；以及“Grey's fictional journey illustrates the complicated dynamics of a health care setting, whether it's a local clinic or a busy city hospital”格雷虚构的旅程展示了医疗保健环境的复杂动态，无论是当地的诊所还是繁忙的城市医院。可知，格雷的经历展示了医院里传统的管理体系。故选D。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“So when younger employees were selected to be trainers, that threw the typical power balance off the good state.” 因此，当年轻员工被选为培训师时，典型的权力平衡就会脱离良好状态；以及“at other places it just wasn't working out.”而在其他地方，这就行不通了，可推断，改变传统的培训方式是有挑战性的。故选C。
11．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“But as Singer and her coauthors reveal in a recent paper, upending these complex hierarchies can be a useful training strategy.”但正如辛格和她的合著者在最近的一篇论文中揭示的那样，颠覆这些复杂的等级制度可能是一种有用的训练策略。可知，Singer很可能会赞同让年轻的同事培训老员工新的技能。故选A。
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读理解
Wax (蜡) paper can't be recycled with other paper items because the wax coating interferes with the recycling process. However, there are still plenty of different options to dispose of your wax paper in an environmentally friendly way.
Wax paper is parchment paper that's been coated with a thin layer of wax on each side. This makes it resistant to wetness and provides a non-stick surface. The majority of wax paper is coated in a food-safe wax, which is made using vegetable oil. Some brands of wax paper also use soybean oil.
The coating in wax paper is water-resistant, and paper needs to be torn with water as one of the first steps in recycling. This makes it unsuitable to be processed alongside most other paper waste. It's also often covered with additional oils from foods, which are not accepted by recycling facilities.
While it can't be recycled, the good news is that some wax paper can be composted at home. If you use wax paper made with vegetable or soybean oil, it can be added in small quantities to your compost. The wax is quite hard for the microbes (微生物) in compost to break down, so your wax paper into small pieces and add it to your compost a little at a time. Wax paper should biodegrade at around the same rate as leaf mulch. If you do use wax paper, the best sort to buy is one with unbleached, natural paper, and a wax coating made using vegetable or soybean oil.
Reusing an item as many times as possible is always a good, environmentally friendly option, especially if it can't be recycled afterward, Rather than throw away your wax paper after one use, you can sometimes use it multiple times to extend its useful life.
12．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2
A．What exactly wax paper is. B．How functional wax paper is.
C．Why wax paper can't be recycled. D．How we can dispose wax paper.
13．What does the underlined word "rip" probably mean in the fourth paragraph
A．Make. B．Press. C．Shake. D．Tear.
14．What may be talked about in the following paragraph
A．Alternatives to wax paper. B．Ideas for reusing wax paper.
C．Items wrapped with wax paper. D．Ways to choose was paper.
15．What is probably the best title for the text
A．Deal with Wax' Paper in Environmentally Friendly Ways'
B．The Importance of Wax Paper's Being Recycled
C．Is Wax Paper Environmentally Friendly
D．What Can Be Used Instead of Wax Paper
【答案】12．A
13．D
14．B
15．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了什么是蜡纸，蜡纸不能和其他的纸质物品一起回收的原因及如何重利用蜡纸。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查推理判断。根据策二段中的“Wax paper is parchment paper that's been coated with a thin layer of wax on each side. This makes it resistant to wetness and provides a non-Mick surface.”蜡纸是羊皮纸，每一面都涂了一层薄薄的蜡。这使得它抵抗潮湿，并提供了一个非米克表面。可知，作者在第二段主要解释了什么是蜡纸。故选A。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“The wax is quite hard for the microbes (微生物) in compost to break down”对于堆肥中的微生物来说，蜡是很难分解的。可知， 蜡很硬，使得堆肥中的微生物不容易分解，因此把蜡纸撕成碎片，每次少放一点。可推知，划线词rip意为“撕碎”。故选D。
14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Rather than throw away your wax paper after one use, you can sometimes use it multiple times to extend its useful life.”有时你可以多次使用蜡纸来延长它的使用寿命，而不是一次使用就扔掉。可知，文章接下来的段落可能会讲一些重复使用蜡纸的想法。故选B。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ Wax (蜡) paper can't be recycled with other paper items because the wax coating interferes with the recycling process. ”蜡纸不能与其他纸张一起回收，因为蜡涂层会干扰回收过程。可知，文章的主要内容是用环保的方式来处理蜡纸。故选A。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Americans use the word "friend" in a very general way. They have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are based on common interests. 　16． 　, the friendship may fade. Because American society is one of rapid changes, American friendships develop quickly.
People from the United States may at first seem friendly. 　17． 　. They exchange information about their families, hobbies and work. They may smile warmly and say, "Have a nice day. "or" See you later. "But American friendliness is not always an offer of true friendship. So we should learn how Americans view friendship to help us avoid misunderstandings.
1）Be willing to take the first step. Don't wait for them to approach you. Americans in another country may not know you can speak English. They may be embarrassed if they can't speak your language.
2）Use small talk to open the conversation. 　18． 　, why they came to your country, etc.
Remember to be careful to avoid personal questions about age, salary and appearance.
3）Show an interest in their culture, their country or their job. Americans like to talk about themselves!
4）Invite them to join you for dinner or just for coffee or tea. Try to set a specific time. Americans sometimes make general invitations like "Let's get together sometime. "Often this is just a way to be friendly. 　19． 　.
5）　20． 　. Maybe they're just being friendly. But maybe they do want to be your good friends. It will take time to tell. After all, there are some differences between the two cultures.
A. Don't expect too much at first
B. It is not always a real invitation
C. Ask them where they are from
D. Americans often chat easily with strangers
E. Don't pay a visit to Americans without being asked
F. When the shared activity ends
G. Americans value strong life-long friendships with non-Americans
【答案】16．F；17．D；18．C；19．B；20．A
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国人如何看待友谊，以帮助我们避免误解。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇文化类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前“These friendships are based on common interests.”这些友谊是基于共同的兴趣；以及空后“Because American society is one of rapid changes , American friendships develop quickly.”因为美国社会是一个快速变化的社会，美国人的友谊发展得很快。可知，美国人的友谊发展的很快，但是也有可能不会长久。F项中的“shared activity”和“common interests ”对应，F. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may fade.“当共同的活动结束时，友谊可能会消失。”符合语境。故选F。
17．根据空前“People from the United States may at first seem friendly.”从美国来的人可能一开始看起来很友好；以及空后“They exchange information about their families, hobbies and work. They may smile warmly and say,‘ Have a nice day. 'or ‘See you later. '"他们交换关于家庭、爱好和工作的信息。他们可能会热情地微笑着说:“祝你今天过得愉快。”或者“待会儿见。”可知，空处说明美国人善于交谈。D项中的“chat easily ”和“exchange information ”对应。D. Americans often chat easily with strangers.“美国人经常很容易和陌生人聊天。”符合语境。故选D。
18．根据空后“Ask them where they re from , why they came to your country , etc. Remember to be careful to avoid personal questions about age ,salary and appearance.”问问他们来自哪里，为什么来你们国家，等等。记住要小心避免年龄、薪水和外貌等私人问题。可知，本段主要讲述了如何开启谈话。C. Use small talk to open the conversation.“用闲聊来开启对话。”符合语境。故选C。
19．根据空前“Americans sometimes make general invitations like‘ Let's get together sometime.'Often this is just a way to be friendly.”美国人有时会发出一般性的邀请，如“我们什么时候聚一聚吧。”通常这只是表示友好的一种方式。可知，空处说明这样的邀请只是客套话，不是真正的邀请。B. It is not always a real invitation.“它并不总是一个真正的邀请。”符合语境。故选B。
20．根据空后“Maybe they're just being friendly.But maybe they do want to be your good friends. It will take time to tell. After all, there are some differences between the two cultures.”也许他们只是表示友好。但也许他们真的想成为你的好朋友。这需要时间来证明。毕竟，两种文化之间有一些差异。可知，本段主要说明不要有很大的期待。A. Don't expect too much at first.“一开始不要期望太多。”符合语境。故选A。
三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·定远开学考）完形填空
Manny Remilus spent a lot of time in and
out of the hospital as a child. Now he is a 21． . And using the healing powers of music, he is trying to make
the hospital a 22． place for patients.
When he 23． his childhood, the thing Remilus remembers
most vividly is how the nurses really 24． him when he was in the hospital, which made him feel
like he was at home. It really helped him forget the troubles of being in a (n) 25． environment, where he was not always
having his family with him. 26． , as he grew up, he 27． that he wanted to do the same thing in 28． .
Now, Remilus has fortunately 29． his dream. Thanks to the nurses, he still recalls that
time
30． And he is determined
to be a good 31． or the kids at New York's Cohen Children's
Medical Center. So he 32． music
as he thought it is a very powerful tool. Even an impromptu (即兴的) mini "concert"
can boost the patients' 33． .
He sings all kinds of songs to the kids, from nursery rhymes
to contemporary music. He hopes his hospital bedside 34． inspires other nurses to bring
joy to their patients.
"We are all going
through tough times, so whatever it is that
you find can help 35． you and bring you back to 100%, find that thing and
do it, " said Remilus.
21．A．doctor B．therapist C．chemist D．nurse
22．A．simpler B．brighter C．cheaper D．funnier
23．A．looks back on B．looks down on
C．looks out for D．looks forward to
24．A．inspired B．cured C．tended D．trained
25．A．complex B．scary C．uncertain D．unstable
26．A．Nevertheless B．Moreover C．Instead D．Thus
27．A．admitted B．predicted C．agreed D．decided
28．A．particular B．general C．return D．contrast
29．A．accomplished B．continued C．appreciated D．confirmed
30．A．modestly B．bravely C．calmly D．fondly
31．A．memory B．lesson C．choice D．example
32．A．stuck to B．listened to C．turned to D．compared to
33．A．activity B．mood C．confidence D．participation
34．A．acting B．dancing C．singing D．storytelling
35．A．restore B．restrict C．reassess D．remind
【答案】21．D；22．B；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．D；28．C；29．A；30．D；31．A；32．C；33．B；34．C；35．A
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了护士 Manny Remilus 通过音乐疗愈病人的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：现在他是一名护士。A.doctor“医生”；B.therapist“治疗师”；C.chemist“化学家”；D.nurse“护士”。根据下文"When he 3 his childhood，the thing Remilus remembers most vividly is how the nurses really 4 him when he was in the hospital，which made him feel like he was at home."当他回顾自己的童年时，雷米卢斯记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家一样；以及" 6 ，as he grew up，he 7 that he wanted to do the same thing in 8 .Now，Remilus has fortunately 9 his dream."因此，随着他长大，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。现在，Remilus幸运地完成了他的梦想。可知，他现在是一名护士。故选D。
22．句意：利用音乐的治愈力量，他试图让医院成为患者更光明的地方。A.simpler“更简单的”；B.brighter“更明亮的”；C.cheaper“更便宜的”；D.funnier“更有趣的”。根据句意可知，brighter"更明亮的"符合语境。故选B。
23．句意：当他回顾自己的童年时，Remilus 记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家里一样。A.looks back on“回顾”；B.looks down on“看不起”；C；C.looks out for“关注”；D.looks forward to“期待”。根据空后"the thing Remilus remembers most vividly is how the nurses really 4 him when he was in the hospital，which made him feel like he was at home."可知，他在回顾自己的童年。故选A。
24．句意：当他回顾自己的童年时，Remilus 记得最清楚的是，当他在医院时，护士们是如何照顾他的，这让他感觉自己就像在家里一样。A.inspired“启发”；B.cured“治愈”；C.tended“照料”；D.trained“训练”。根据下文"which made him feel like he was at home"可知，tended"照料"符合语境。故选C。
25．句意：这真的帮助他忘记了身处恐怖环境中的烦恼，在那里他并不总是有家人陪伴。A.complex“复杂的”；B.scary“可怕的”；C.uncertain“不确定的”；D.unstable“不稳定的”。根据空后文"where he was not always having his family with him."在那里他并不总是有家人陪伴。可知，此处指身处恐怖环境中的烦恼，故选B。
26．句意：现在，雷米卢斯幸运地实现了自己的梦想。A.Nevertheless“尽管如此”；B.Moreover“而且”；C.Instead“相反”；D.Thus“因此”。分析可知，上下文是因果关系。故选D。
27．句意：因此，当他长大后，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。A.admitted“承认”；B.predicted“预测”；C.agreed“同意”；D.decided“决定”。根据语境可知，此处指决定做同样的事情。故选D。
28．句意：因此，当他长大后，他决定做同样的事情作为回报。A.particular“格外的”；B.general“普遍的”；C.return“回报”；D.contrast“对比”。根据句意可知，此处表示"作为回报"，in return固定短语，“作为回报”。故选C。
29．句意：现在， Remilus 幸运地实现了自己的梦想。A.accomplished“完成”；B.continued“继续”；C.appreciated“赞赏”；D.confirmed“确认”。根据空前"fortunately"可知，他实现了自己的梦想。故选A。
30．句意：多亏了护士，他仍然深情地回忆起那段时光。A.modestly“谦虚地”；B.bravely“勇敢地”；C.calmly“冷静地”；D.fondly“愉快地，深情地”。根据句意可知，fondly"愉快地，深情地"符合语境。故选D。
31．句意：他决心成为纽约科恩儿童医疗中心孩子们的美好回忆。A.memory“记忆”；B.lesson“课”；C.choice“选择”；D.example“示例”。根据语境可知，此处指美好回忆。故选A。
32．句意：因此，他转向了音乐，因为他认为这是一个非常强大的工具。A.stuck to“坚持”；B.listened to“倾听”；C.turned to“转向”；D.compared to“与……相比”。根据上文“Now he is a 1 And using the healing powers of music，he is trying to make the hospital a 2 place for patients.”现在他是一名护士。利用音乐的治愈力量，他试图让医院成为患者更光明的地方。可知，他虽然是一名护士，但他也通过音乐来帮助病人。故选C。
33．句意：即兴的 迷你"音乐会"可以提高患者的情绪。A.activity“活动”；B.mood“情绪”；C.confidence“信心”；D.participation“参与”。根据下文"He hopes his hospital bedside 14 inspires other nurses to bring joy to their patients."可知，音乐可以为患者带来快乐，调节他们的情绪。故选B。
34．句意：他希望自己在医院病床边的歌声能激励其他护士为患者带来快乐。A.acting“表演”；B.dancing“跳舞”；C.singing“唱歌”；D.storytelling“讲故事”。根据上文"He sings all kinds of songs to the kids，from nursery rhymes to contemporary music."他给孩子们唱各种各样的歌，从童谣到当代音乐。可知，此处指他希望自己在医院病床边的歌声能激励其他护士，故选C。
35．句意： Remilus 说："我们都在经历艰难时期，所以无论你找到什么，都能帮助你恢复健康，让你恢复100%，找到那件事，然后去做。"A.restore“恢复”；B.restrict“限制”；C.reassess“重新评估”；D.remind“提醒”。根据空后"bring you back to 100%"可知，此处指恢复健康。故选A。
四、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·定远开学考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The official medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games 　36． 　(display) on October 26th. The organizing committee introduced the medals-called tong xin, 　37． 　means togetherness that day.
The medals are inspired by yu bi, a Chinese jade artifact　38． 　(date) back 5, 000 years. A total of five of this kind of jade have been unearthed from a tomb up to now.
Each medal 　39． 　(have) carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity 　40． 　harmony, and they also represent the Olympic values of solidarity and inclusiveness. Carvings of cloud patterns, an element 　41． 　(use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings　42． 　other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. Visually, it looks quite plain at first glance, while details such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven surface have made it 　43． 　(special) than expected, according to the committee.
Gaining 　44． 　(inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capital's unique position as the first city　45． 　(host) the Summer and Winter Olympics.
【答案】36．were displayed；37．which；38．dating；39．has；40．and；41．used；42．The；43．more special；44．inspiration；45．to host
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了2022年冬奥会和残奥会的官方奖牌设计细节。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，定语从句，非谓语动词，主谓一致，连词，冠词，形容词，名词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：10月26日，北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会官方奖牌亮相。此处是谓语动词。根据时间状语on October 26th可知，此处应用一般过去时态。主语The official medals与动词display构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语为复数，故谓语动词用复数形式，故填were displayed。
37．句意：组委会推出了奖牌——同心，寓意团圆。 means togetherness that day 是非限制性定语从句，先行词为tong xin，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，要使用关系代词which，故填which。
38．句意：奖牌的灵感来白于5000年前的中国玉器玉壁。主语 jade artifact 和动词date动之间形成主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填 dating。
39．句意：每枚奖牌的一侧都有奥运五环的雕刻。此处是谓语动词。根据下文谓语动词represent可知，此处应用一般现在时。主语为Each medal，表示单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
40．句意：五环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，也代表着团结与包容的奥林匹克价值观。分析句子结构以及句意可知，空处应填入并列连词，连接名词unity和harmony，表示“和，以及”。故填and。
41．句意：云纹雕刻是2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的一种元素，雪花和冰纹填充了外圈。此处作后置定语。an element与动词use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填used。
42．句意：奖牌的另一面中央有北京2022年会徽。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入冠词。the other“另一个”，指一定范围内或两个人（物）中，特指剩下的“另一个”。置于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。
43．句意：据该委员会称，从视觉上看，一看很简单，但云和雪花图案的雕刻以及不平整的表面等细节使它比预期的更特别。由空后than expected可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填more special。
44．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。空处位于动词后，为名词。inspiration“灵感，启发”，且为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
45．句意：第二次从翡翠中汲取灵感，彰显了中国首都作为第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市的独特地位。city前有序数词修饰，后使用不定式作后置定语，故填to host。
五、写作(满分40分)
46．（2023高一下·定远开学考）一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英文稿件，介绍"中秋节"及这个节日里的主要活动。
写作要点：1）它是中国传统节日之一；
2）家人团聚；
3）赏月、吃月饼；
4）还有旅游、访友等其他活动；
5）…
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头语已您写好，不讲总词数.
参考词汇：中秋节：the Mid-Autumn Festival；农历：lunar calendar；赏月：enjoy the full moon；月饼：moon cake
The Mid-Autumn festival
【答案】The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar.
As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. (Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for celebration. The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month. What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as traveling and visiting our relatives or friends.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇说明文写作，要求考生 写一篇英文稿件，介绍"中秋节"及这个节日里的主要活动。写作背景：一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）它是中国传统节日之一；2）家人团聚；3）赏月、吃月饼；4）还有旅游、访友等其他活动；5）…提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we will try to come home for celebration. 运用了让步状语从句；What we love most is the time when we enjoy the full moon together.运用了主语从句，限制性定语从句； With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. 运用了with的复合结构。
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