中考英语二轮语法专题复习——动词被动语态 课件

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中考专题复习——被动语态
教学目标：
A.一般现在时：am/is /are +V. 过去分词
B.一般过去时：was/were + V.
C.含情态动词：情态动词+be+ V. 过去分词
D.一般将来时： will/shall be+ V. 过去分词
我把豆豆打了。
I beat Doudou.
豆豆被我打了。
Doudou is beaten by me.
主动语态
主语
动作
主动语态：主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。
主语
动作
be done
被动の基本结构
被动语态
被夸
被改善
被吻
被告诉
被出卖
be praised
be told
be betrayed
be kissed
be improved
表情包の被动人生
考点1
被动语态的时态、
人称和数的变化
She waters the flowers every day.
The flowers
are watered
by her
every day.
含有一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are+动词过去分词
The students planted many trees in 2006.
Many trees were planted by the students in 2006 .
一般过去时被动语态：was/were+动词过去分词
She can do these actions well.
These actions can be done well by her.
含有情态动词被动语态：情态动词+be+动词过去分词
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
cost cut hit hurt let put read sink swim drink ring begin sing know fly throw grow blow bring buy think fight keep sweep sleep teach catch be
第一组“AAA”型：（7个词）
cost—cost—cost（花费）
cut—cut—cut （切，割）
hit—hit—hit （击打）
hurt—hurt—hurt（伤害）
let—let—let （让）
put—put—put （放）
read—read—read（读）
第二组：6个词
sink—sank—sunk （沉下）
swim—swam—swum （游泳）
drink—drank—drunk（喝）
ring—rang—rung （响铃）
begin—began—begun（开始）
sing—sang—sung （唱）
第三组：5个词
know—knew—known 知道
fly—flew—flown 飞
throw—threw—thrown 扔
grow—grew—grown 长大
blow—blew—blown 吹
第四组：4个词
bring—brought—brought 带来
buy—bought—bought 买
think—thought—thought 想想
fight—fought—fought 战斗
第五组：3个词
keep—kept—kept（保持）
sweep—swept—swept （打扫）
sleep—slept—slept （睡觉）
第六组：2个词
teach—taught—taught教
catch—caught—caught 抓住
第七组（1个词）
be—was/were—been
be（am/is/are）
中考冲刺
小结做题技巧：
1.找标志词，判定时态。
2.看主谓之间的关系，判定语态。
对点专练
( )1. It is said that one Greater Bay Area university in Guangdong in the future.(2019广东)
A.will be built B.build C.will build D.is built
( )2. Many shops in China to shut down as a new law against ivory(象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018.(2018广东)
A. ordered B. didn’t order
C. were ordered D. weren’t ordered
( )3. The waiter told me that free parking for the hotel guests.(2017广东)
A.provides B.Provided
C.will be provided D.was provided
A
C
D
对点专练
( ) 4. He Jiang to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. (2016广东)
A.invites B.invited C.is invited D.was invited
( ) 5. —Have you heard of the song Little Apple
—Yes. It every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs.(2015广东)
A.is played B.plays C.was played D. played
A
D
被动语态在语法选择中的运用
直击中考
在广东2020年和广州近两年中考语法选择中，被动语态考查了3次，考查的是一般过去时的被动语态和一般现在时的被动语态。考生在做题时需注意以下两点：
1. 判断主语和谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动（详见第3点被动语态的用法）。
2. 判断被动语态的时态和数的变化，联系上下文，确定被动语态的时态；助动词be要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
(2020年广东省卷32题) One day, her teacher went into the classroom with some kites. He told them that kites 32
主语kites表复数，是谓语动词invent的承受者，由主句的told可知，时态是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
in China more than 2, 000 years ago. At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.”
( ) 32. A. invent B. invented C. are invented D. were invented
(2020年广州卷2题) Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home another. Soon
the house 2 books. His wife, Alice, is angry. “You must do something!”
主语the house表单数，是谓语动词fill的承受者，由上文的brings可知，时态是一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
( ) 2. A. fills with B. filled with
C. is filled with D. was filled with
(2019年广州卷14题) Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could an animal like Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth The answer
came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything
well and lived for another 16 years.
( ) 14. A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. was sent
主语Ham表单数，是谓语动词send的承受者，由上文的came可知，时态是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
被动语态在短文填空中的运用
直击中考
在广东近5年中考短文填空中被动语态考查了1次，考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。在做题时，需先分析句子所缺成分，再根据主语和谓语之间的关系判断语态。
（2018广东省卷73题）Once, Will and his brother Harry
73 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖) wall in the
yard. The wall was fifty feet wide and around sixteen feet high.
主语Will and his brother Harry表复数，是谓语动词give的承受者，用被动语态，由下文was可知，时态是一般过去时，助动词也用一般过去时(were)。
对点专练
Charlie taken to the Army Reserve Center(陆军预备役中心), where he really dreamed to go. Harry said to Charlie, “Today you will become a member of our team.”
was
被动语态的注意事项
考点2
被动の易错点
翻译句子：放风筝时，家长们要照顾好小朋友。
The kids should be taken good care of by their parents when they are flying kites.
1. 用于被动时，介词莫省略
take care of, laugh at, look after
翻译句子：春节就快来的时候，奶奶总是让我跟她学剪纸。
When the Spring Festival is coming, I am always
made to learn paper cutting by my granny.
2. 主动to省略，被动to还原
make/ let/ have/ see
被动の易错点
The kites made in Weifang sell well.
无被动语态动词
① 感官动词：look, smell, taste, sound, feel
②两 “发生”: take place; happen
③畅销: sell well; 属于：belong to
这本书属于我们学校。
The book ______________________________.
翻译句子：潍坊的风筝很畅销。
belongs to our school.
四不动：感不动、发不动、卖不动、属不动
被动の易错点总结
1.动词短语被动介词不可省略
①感官动词:
look, smell, taste, sound, feel
②两"发生" :
happen/take place
③畅销: sell well 属于: belong to
2. 主动to走开，被动to回来
make sb. do
→sb. be made to do
see sb. do.
→sb. be seen to do.
3.无被动的动词
take care of, laugh at, look after
4. Need特殊变
need/require doing
=need/require to be done
5. 一听 二使 三看
hear; let; make; see; notice; watch
被动の易错点练习
1. --John was heard ______when we walked past her classroom.What happened
--- People was telling a joke at that time.
A. to laugh B. laugh C. to laughing D. laughing
2. I don't understand why more girls______housework than boys in today's society.
A. ask to do B. are asked to do
C. are asked to doing D. ask doing
3. 如果你继续制造噪音，会让你离开，
If you keep on making noises, you ________________
4. 我进程听到Tom 唱歌
Tom is______________________________
will be made to leave
often heard to sing by me.
被动の总结
基本构成：
be+done
各种时态的被动语态：
一般现在时的被动语态：is/am/are done
一般将来时时的被动语态：
will be done/ be going to be done
一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done
情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done
被动の总结
1.动词短语被动介词不可省略
①感官动词:
look, smell, taste, sound, feel
②两"发生" :
happen/take place
③畅销: sell well 属于: belong to
2. 主动to走开，被动to回来
make sb. do
→sb. be made to do
see sb. do.
→sb. be seen to do.
3.无被动的动词
take care of, laugh at, look after
4. Need特殊变
need/require doing
=need/require to be done
5. 一听 二使 三看
hear; let; make; see; notice; watch
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