外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit4Breaking boundaries Developing ideas-reading 公开课课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
Developing ideas — reading
Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
目录页
contents
Pre-reading
I
Language points
Ⅳ
Fast reading
II
Homework
Ⅴ
Intensive reading
III
VI
Post-reading
I
Pre-reading
Pre-reading
1. How did slave owners regard their slaves
2. What was a slave’s life like
Watch the video and answer the questions.
Pre-reading
1. How did slave owners regard their slaves
Watch the video and answer the questions.
2. What was a slave’s life like
They didn’t regard them as humans but as animals, without respecting them.
Daily life for a slave involved back-breaking labour. Slaves had to work all day long without enough rest. They were often physically abused by their owners and had no legal rights.
Pre-reading: Background Information
The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) was a famous battle of the American Civil War. It involved more than 160,000 men and resulted in some of the heaviest losses of the war, on both sides.
the Battle of Gettysburg 葛底斯堡战役
the American Civil War 美国内战
Pre-reading: Background Information
The Battle of Gettysburg
The battle was a defeat for the South, and is now regarded by many as the turning point of the civil war, although its significance was not clear at the time; indeed, the great slaughter gave rise to doubt in some quarters about the wisdom
of continuing the war.
slaughter n 屠杀 give rise to 引起
in some quarters 一部分人
Pre-reading: Background Information
The Battle of Gettysburg
Abraham Lincoln set the battle at the heart of his vision for Union victory when he delivered The Gettysburg Address, at the Dedication of the National Cemetery at the battlefield site in November 1863.
deliver v 发表 cemetery n 墓地
II
Fast reading
Fast reading
Look at the title and skim the passage. Choose the book in which you would most likely find the passage.
The Power of Speech
Famous US Presidents
Great Battles in History
III
Intensive reading
Intensive reading
The Gettysburg Address
●Speaker: Abraham Lincoln
●Setting (date & place):
___________________
●Background event:
___________________
How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
________________________________
What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
________________________________
How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
________________________________
What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
________________________________
Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
__________________________________________
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes.
The Gettysburg Address
● Speaker: Abraham Lincoln
● Setting (date & place):
____________________________
____________________________
● Background event:
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
The Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, which resulted in over 50,000
casualties.
On 19 November 1863, in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
Intensive reading
How did Lincoln describe the founding of the US
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. / It aimed at bringing freedom to the people and was based on the principle that all men are created equal.
Intensive reading
The Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address
What challenges did the Civil War bring to the nation
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
It would test whether a nation conceived in
Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure.
Intensive reading
The Gettysburg Address
How did Lincoln describe the men who fought in the war
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground.
Intensive reading
The Gettysburg Address
What was the “great task” that Lincoln described
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
That this nation shall have a new birth of
freedom; and that this government of the
people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
Intensive reading
The Gettysburg Address
Who would be responsible for carrying out this task
____________________________________
The living should be dedicated to the task.
Intensive reading
Intensive reading: Think and Share
Discuss and answer the following questions.
1. What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
2. Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the people, for the people”. What does this mean
3. What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries
4. What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two reading passages in this unit
Intensive reading
1. What was Lincoln’s purpose in giving the speech
Discuss and answer the following questions.
He wanted to give the people hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
Intensive reading
2. Lincoln talked about government “of the people, by the people, for the people”. What does this mean
Discuss and answer the following questions.
“Of the people” means that government should be made up of or drawn from the people; “by the people” means that government should be run by ordinary people; “for the people” means that government should use its power for the people’s benefit.
Intensive reading
3. What other speeches can you think of that stress the importance of breaking boundaries
Discuss and answer the following questions.
Example: I Have a Dream
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
Intensive reading
4. What efforts to break boundaries are described in the two reading passages in this unit
Discuss and answer the following questions.
In the first passage, doctors or other people of different backgrounds worked together to save people in danger.
In the second passage, Lincoln called on the people of the United States to strive for a free nation where all men are equal.
Post-reading
Ⅳ
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
1. Organise your ideas by answering the questions.
What was the US like before slavery
was abolished
How was it different afterwards
In what ways did the abolition of
slavery help to break boundaries
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
What was the US like before slavery was abolished
The US was divided into states in the North that prohibited slavery, and states in the South which allowed slavery and depended upon slavery economically. Slavery was a very cruel institution, and caused great human suffering in the states that permitted it. Reliance on slavery also made the South less technologically advanced than the North.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
How was it different afterwards
Slaves were freed and were regarded as equal under the law, at least in theory. In practice, black Americans continued to suffer great discrimination in the South for the next hundred years, until the birth of the modern civil rights movement in the 1960s. The legacy of slavery continues to affect race relations in the US today.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
In what ways did the abolition of slavery help to break boundaries
The abolition of slavery made former slaves and their former masters equal before the law. This was the first step towards true equality.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
2. Do research to find more evidence to support your ideas.
3. Give your talk to the class.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Give a talk about the significance of abolishing slavery in the US.
Language points
V
1. last v ①（过程、活动、状态）持续；继续
Childhood seems to last forever.
童年似乎永远不会结束。
② 耐用，持久
The car is built to last.
这车造得很耐用。
adj 最后的；上一个的，最近的；仅剩下的；最终的
adv 最后；最终；最新；最近
Language points: Important words
2. dedicate v ① 把（时间，精力）用于；献（身）于
Language points: Important words
He dedicated his life to helping the poor.
他毕生致力于帮助穷人。
② 把……专用于（某课题或目的）
... volume four is dedicated to bees
…… 第四卷专门论述蜜蜂
dedicated adj 献身的；专注的；专用的
She is dedicated to her job. 她对工作专心致志。
dedication n 献身；奉献；献词
1. in memory of ________________
2. take place ________________
3. at a great cost ________________
4. suffer for ________________
5. look to ________________
6. set down ________________
为纪念……
发生；举行
以巨大的代价
因……而受罚 / 苦
Language points: Important phrases
展望；指望
制定；写下
7. be up to sb to do sth __________________
8. step by step __________________
9. bring forth __________________
10. be engaged in __________________
11. carry on __________________
12. in vain __________________
使产生；使出现
参与；从事于；忙于
Language points: Important phrases
应由某人做某事
继续；开展
白白地；徒劳
逐步地
1. On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.
Language points: Important sentences
Paraphrase: On a dull afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man went up onto a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to give a speech.
这句话是在描述 Abraham Lincoln 演讲的背景信息，用词正式，烘托出战争后人们及 Lincoln 的情绪。
1. On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.
Language points: Important sentences
句中 grey 既可用来描述天气阴沉，也有 dull 和unpleasant 的意思，突显出人们沉重、忧郁的心情。
例如：
Why go back to the grey, the dirt, the noise
为什么要回到那种阴郁、肮脏、吵闹的生活中去呢？
1. On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.
Language points: Important sentences
mount 意为“登上；爬上”，常用在较为正式的文体中。
例如：
She slowly mounted the steps.
她慢慢地爬上台阶。
Language points: Important sentences
① 骑上；乘上
He mounted his horse and rode away. 他骑上马走了。
② 逐步增加
The death toll continues to mount. 死亡人数持续增加。
③ 组织开展
The gallery mounted an exhibition of his painting.
美术馆为他的画作办了一次展览。
mount 还有以下常见意思：
2. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
Language points: Important sentences
Paraphrase: But this speech delivered to the people who had gathered to hear it changed the minds of people across the country and helped influence the country’s future.
address 在本句中作名词，意为“演讲；演说”。
“发表演说”的常用表达为 deliver a speech / lecture。
例如：The president will deliver a speech about the school environment. 校长将就学校的环境状况发表演讲。
2. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
Language points: Important sentences
address 本身也可用作动词，意为“做演讲”。
shape 在本句中用作动词，意为 “塑造”。
例如：Like it or not, our families shape our lives and make us who we are. 不管喜欢与否，我们的家庭塑造我们的生活并铸就我们的个性。
例如：She addressed a conference before leaving for Beijing yesterday. 昨天在去北京之前，她在一场会议上发表了演讲。
3. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.
Language points: Important sentences
Paraphrase: Now we are involved in a great civil war, and this war will test whether our nation or any other nation that is founded upon the principles of liberty and equality can continue to exist for long.
此句中 testing 是非谓语动词作定语，相当于定语从句 which tests ...
3. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.
Language points: Important sentences
句中conceived 和dedicated 是形容词作定语，修饰nation, 相当于定语从句 which is so conceived and so dedicated ... , 其中so conceived, and so dedicated是回指第一段提到的conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal，意为“孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想”。
3. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.
Language points: Important sentences
conceive 意为“构想，设想”。
例如：
Scientists first conceived the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.
科学家第一次产生原子弹的构想是在20世纪30年代。
3. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.
Language points: Important sentences
endure 意为“持续”。
例如：The city has endured through time.
这座城市经受了岁月的洗礼。
endure 还可以用作及物动词，意为“承受；忍受”。
例如：The company endured heavy financial losses.
公司承受了巨大的财务损失。
4. We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
Language points: Important sentences
Paraphrase: We have met together here on a great battlefield of the civil war. We have come to set aside a part of this battlefield for use as a cemetery for those soldiers who have given their lives to help our nation survive.
4. We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
Language points: Important sentences
句中的 We are met 相当于 we have met，是一种比较古老、有诗意的用法。
4. We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
Language points: Important sentences
第一个 that 实为 so that 引导目的状语从句，即“为了这个国家能够生存下去”。
第二个 that 为代词，that nation 指上文中提到的 a new nation。
4. We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.
Language points: Important sentences
例如：The company dedicated 100,000 yuan for the project.
这家公司拿出10万元专用于该项目。
dedicate 在此意为“致力于，献（身）于”，还可以表示“将……专用于”之意。
5. But in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow this ground.
Language points: Important sentences
Paraphrase: But understanding the words more generally, we can not make this place sacred.
in a larger sense 意为“从更广泛的意义上来说”。
例如：In a larger sense, success is the ability to achieve your dreams and goals in each important area of your life, rather than only in education and work. 从更广泛的意义上说，成功不单是学习和工作中达成梦想和目标的能力，而是在生活中每个重要的领域达成梦想和目标的能力。
5. But in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow this ground.
Language points: Important sentences
本句中重复用了三次 we can not，旨在加深听众的印象，抒发强烈的情感。这种修辞手法称为首语重复 (anaphora), 常用于演讲稿和诗歌等文学作品中。
Homework
VI
Homework
1. Search the Internet to read more about speeches that stress the importance of breaking boundaries.
2. Write a journal about what you read.