外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit4 Breaking boundaries词汇-情景破学案（有答案）
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Unit4 词汇-情景破
知识点1 assist ν.协助，帮助
情景导学
1.Dingding is an app designed to assist teachers with the online classes and collection of homework. 钉钉是一款旨在帮助教师在线上课和收集作业的应用程序。
2.We are looking for people who would be willing to assist in delivering the supplies to Huoshenshan Hospital. 我们正在寻找愿意协助运送补给品到火神山医院的人。
3.Any assistance you could give the infected patients will be greatly appreciated. 如果您能为受感染的病人提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。
4.He can walk only with the assistance of crutches. 他只能靠拐杖走路。
归纳拓展
1.assist（sb.）_____/in sth.帮助（某人）某事
2.assist（sb.）_____doing sth.帮助（某人）做某事
3.assistance n.帮助；援助
with the assistance of sb./sth. _______
offer/provide assistance（to sb.）（为某人）提供帮助
4.assistant n.助理；助手
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019江苏，23，★★☆）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical _____ (assist).
1-2（2019北京，完形填空，★★☆）If they have problems with registration Wilson there ______ (assist) them.
1-3（2016课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解B，★★☆）His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching ______ (assist) in class whose creativity would infect（感染）other students.
1-4（★★☆）If Mr. Dewey had been present he would have offered any possible ______ (assist) to the people there
完成句子
1-5（2018课标全国Ⅰ，阅读理解B改编，★★☆）他帮她做饭。
He assists her _____ _____ meals.
知识点2 priority n.优先处理的事，当务之急；优先权
情景导学
1.Our first priority is to improve standards.
我们的头等大事是提高水平。
2.You need to get your priorities right/straight.
你需要把个人事情的轻重缓急分清楚。
3.I disagree with the premise that economic development has priority over the environment.
我不同意经济发展优先于环境这一前提。
归纳拓展
1.the top/first priority当务之急；头等大事
2.have priority______... 比……优先，有优先权
3.get priorities ______/ straight分清楚轻重缓急
单句填空
单项填空
2-1（2019江苏，26，★★☆）Nowadays the_______ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension
单句改错
2-2（2016江苏，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）
Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino，reducing their losses needs to be priority.
单句语法填空
2-3（★★☆）Freedom should have priority ______responsibility.
知识点3 vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
情景导学
1.Having a goal is vital to success. 有目标对成功至关重要。
2.Fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization. 根据最近来自世界卫生组织的一份报告，与世界上的饥饿作斗争仍然是至关重要的问题。
3.He had never felt so vital. 他从未感到过如此充满生机。
归纳拓展
1.be vital for对………至关重要
2._________至关重要
3.play a vital part/role in… 在……中起着极其重要的作用
4.it is/was vital to do sth. 做某事是极其重要的
5.熟词生义：vital adj. _______
单句语法填空
3-1（2019天津，阅读理解A，★★☆）
Understanding history is vital _____ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
3-2（2019江苏，阅读理解D改编，★★☆）
The process of Steve's recording can be described as vital _____ Naomi’s career.
3-3（★★☆）By mentioning the breakdown of the computer，the author probably wants to prove its vital _____ (believe) in IT professionals.
完成句子
3-4（★★☆）运气对朱迪的生存起着极重要的作用。
Luck _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Judy’s survival.
知识点4 devotion n.奉献；忠诚；热爱
情景导学
1.Professor Potter is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious.
波特教授是一位敬业的教师，他在用看起来清晰明了的方式来解释数学概念上有天赋。
2.For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long-distance swimmers.
十年来，Nyad致力于成为世界上最好的长距离游泳运动员之
3.She devoted more than four years to finding a cure for the disease.
她花了四年多的时间寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。
归纳拓展
1.devote...to...将……用于……; 把……奉献给
2.__________ 致力于/献身于
3.__________ adj.挚爱的；忠诚的
单句语法填空
4-1（2017天津，完形填空，★★☆）I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote _______ something that is meaningful and enormous.
4-2（2016北京，阅读理解B改编，★★☆）In the following few days after Hurricane Sandy，neighbors devoted their spare time to _____(help)others rebuild.
4-3（★★☆）Some complain of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour work weeks _____ (devote)to tasks they hate
4-4（★★☆）Such is their ______ (devote) to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
完成句子
4-5（★★☆）母亲对孩子的奉献几乎无法计算。
Mothers’ _____ _____ _____ can hardly be calculated.
知识点5 realistic adj.现实的，实际的；能够实现的
情景导学
1.You need to be realistic about the amount you can do in a day.
你对自己一天能完成的工作量要实事求是。
2.It isn't realistic to expect people to work for so little money.
指望人们为这么少的钱工作是不现实的。
3.He seemed very young，but he was in reality older than all of us.
他看起来很年轻，但事实上他比我们所有人都大。
归纳拓展
1.be realistic_____...对……现实
2.it is not realistic______ 做某事是不实际的
3.reality n.现实；事实
___________= in fact实际上，事实上
单句语法填空
5-1（2020浙江1月，语法填空，★★☆）A child born in the US today has a very ________ (reality)chance of living beyond100 and needs to plan accordingly.
5-2（2017课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C，★★☆）But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come loser than anyone to making the flying car a _____ (real).
完成句子
5-3（2019课标全国Ⅱ，七选五，★★☆）另一种设定切合实际的目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。
Another way of _____ _____ _____ to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs values and strength.
知识点6 minority n.少数派；少数
情景导学
1.Only a minority of people infected with the virus died eventually.
最终只有少数感染病毒的人死了。
2.Boys are very much in the minority in the dance class.
在舞蹈课上，男孩子是极少数的
3.This equipment is now available in the vast majority of hospitals.
现在绝大多数医院都有这种器材。
归纳拓展
1.__________少数的，占少部分的
2.be ______ the/a minority占少数
3.反义词: _______n.多数
完成句子
6-1（2016天津，阅读理解A，★★☆）他们中的大多数人在开始他们的课程前都要参加在线语言测试。
_____ _____ _____ them take online language test before starting their programme.
6-2（★★☆）所以，可能只有少数年轻人演奏古典乐器，但当说起享受古典音乐的乐趣时，就要看这段音乐了。
So，it may be only _____ _____ _____ young people who play classical instruments，but when it comes to enjoying classical music，it depends on the piece of music.
6-3（★★☆）所以，让我们假设历史建筑对大多数人来说既有吸引力又很重要
So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to ______ _____ ______ people.
知识点7 harmonious adj.和睦的，和谐的
情景导学
1.How can we maintain peace and harmony around us，so that others can also live peacefully and harmoniously？
我们如何才可以保持着周遭的平静与和谐，亦让他人能够生活在安宁与和谐中？
2.The human race should live in harmony with nature rather than dominate it.
人类应当与自然和谐相处而并非去支配自然。
归纳拓展
1.harmony n._____
in harmony with sth.与某物和谐相处
2. ________ adv.和谐地；调和地
单句语法填空
7-1（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）The ________ (harmonious) of old and new made Wang’s architectural design a success.
7-2（★★☆）For that，SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities：a broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a ______ (harmony)design of your own.
完成句子
7-3（★★☆）人类生活被视为自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live _____ _____ _____ nature.
知识点8 rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；报酬高的
情景导学
1.A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.
已悬赏100美元找寻项链。
2.She was rewarded for her efforts with a bonus.
她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。
3.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
学生们直在努力学习功课，他们的努力终将会被报以成功。
归纳拓展
1.______ n.报酬，赏金，酬劳ν.奖励，奖赏
2.be _______ with… 得到……的回报/奖赏
3.reward sb. for（doing）sth. ____________
单句语法填空
8-1（2019课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解D改编，★★☆）If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded _____ seven drops of water or juice.
8-2（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解B，★★☆）For many who made it to Dawson however，the ______ (reward)were worth the difficult trip.
8-3（2016四川，阅读理解B，★★☆）Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most ______ (reward) parts of our lives.
翻译句子
8-4（2016江苏，阅读理解D，★★☆）她因努力而受到高度奖赏。
________________________________________________________________
知识点9 in vain徒劳，无结果
情景导学
1.I was singing in a vain attempt to cheer him up.
我唱歌想让他高兴起来，却是徒劳的
2.He hunted vainly through his pockets for a piece of paper.
他徒劳地在口袋里搜寻一张纸。
3.He married his fourth wife，Susan，in the vain hope that she would improve his health.
他娶了他的第四任妻子苏珊，希望她能改善他的健康，但徒劳无功。
归纳拓展
1.in a ______ attempt to do sth.徒劳地努力做某事
2.in the vain hope that… _________________
3.___________ adv.徒劳地
单句语法填空
9-1（2019课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★★☆）
Jeff had hunted in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ______ vain for Rosie in the next four days.
单句改错
9-2（★★☆）It was a rainy morning and the children，mainly boys with various learning
difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be quiet, but in vainly.
知识点10 influential adj.有影响力的
情景导学
1.He had been influential in shaping economic policy.他在制定经济政策方面起过很大作用。
2.What influenced you to take up nursing？是什么影响你去从事护理工作？
3.Those so-called friends of hers have a bad influence on her.
她那些所谓的朋友对她的影响很坏。
归纳拓展
1. be influential _______（doing）sth.在（做）某事上有很大的影响
2. influence n.影响；作用v影响；对……起作用
have an influence________... 对……有影响
influence sb.to do sth. __________
单句语法填空
10-1（2020浙江1月，阅读理解C改编, ★★☆）a key skill set for success is persistence（毅力），a characteristic that ________（influence）heavily by fathers.
10-2（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解A，★★☆）I once wrote a paper on the influence _____ Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.
10-3（2019课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解B，★★★）Of course，not only are todays top Western influence）by China some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
10-4（★★★）By looking at us，listening to us，respecting our input，affirming（肯定）our value，giving us a sense of dignity Papa was unquestionably our most _____（influence）teacher.
答案：
知识点1
1.with 2.in 3.在某人/某物的帮助下
1-1 assistance考查名词。句意：这位医生给病人分享了他的电话号码，以防他们需要医疗援助。medical为形容词，其后需要使用名词，结合句意可知填assistance。
1-2 to assist考查非谓语动词。句意：如果他们注册有困难，威尔逊会帮助他们。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to assist。
1-3 assistant考查名词。句意：他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。teaching assistant助教。
1-4 assistance考查名词。句意：如果杜威先生在场，他会向那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。offer assistance to sb.为某人提供帮助。
1-5 in cooking
知识点2
2.over 3.right
2-1 A考查名词辨析。句意：如今，旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变为饮食和风景。priority重点；potential潜力；proportion比例；pension养老金，根据句意可知，A项符合语境。
2-2 priority前加the考查冠词。句意：由于最贫穷的人最不可能弥补与厄尔尼诺有关的灾害造成的损失，减少他们的损失有必要是优先事项。根据句意可知，priority应是特指减少他们的损失这件事，故前加定冠词the。
2-3 over考查固定搭配。句意：自由应优先于责任。have priority over.比……优先，有优先权。
知识点3
1.to 2.of vital importance 5.充满生机的
3-1 to/for考查固定搭配。be vital for/to对……至关重要。
3-2 to/for考查固定搭配。be vital for/to对……至关重要。
3-3 to believe考查非谓语动词。句意：通过提到计算机的故障，作者可能想证明相信IT专业人土是至关重要的。It is/was vital to do sth.做某事是极其重要的。
3-4 plays a vital role in
知识点4
2.devote oneself to… 3.devoted
4-1 to考查固定搭配。句意：我觉得我被赋予了第次生命，去致力于某件有意义的大事情。devote把……投入到……中去。
4-2 helping考查非谓语动词。句意：在飓风桑迪过后的几天里，邻居们把空闲时间用来帮助他人重建。devote…to...把……投入到……中去，注意to为介词，故help需使用动名词形式，故填 helping。
4-3 devoted考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人抱怨不友好的同事，为每周8小时的工作时间都在做他们讨厌的任务而感到悲伤。设空处在句子中修饰 eight hour workweeks，与之是被动关系，故填 devoted。
4-4 devotion考查名词。由设空处前的形容词性物主代词 their可知，此处应用名词形式。
4-5 devotion to children
知识点5
1.about 2.to do sth. 3.in reality
5-1 realistic考查形容词。句意：当今出生在美国的孩子有非常切实的机会活到100岁以上，并需要做相应的计划。设空处需用形容词修饰后面的名词chance，故填 realistic。
5-2 reality考查名词。由空前的不定冠词a可知设空处应用名词形式。故填 reality。
5-3 setting realistic goals
知识点6
1.a minority of 2.in 3.majority
6-1 The majority of
6-2 a minority of
6-3 the majority of
知识点7
1.和谐；协调；和睦 2.harmoniously
7-1 harmony考查名词。句意：新旧（建筑）的协调使王澍的建筑设计取得了成功。The为冠词，后面应用名词形式，故填 harmony。
7-2 harmonious考查形容词。设空处在句子中修饰名词，需使用形容词形式 harmonious。
7-3 in harmony with
知识点8
1.reward 2.rewarded 3.因为（做）某事而回报某人
8-1with考査介词。句意：如果猴子触摸屏幕的左边，它们会得到七滴水或果汁的奖赏。be rewarded with..获得…的奖赏。
8-2 rewards考查名词复数。句意：然而，对许多成功到达道森的人来说，这些回报值得这次艰难的旅行。由主句的谓语动词were可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式，故填 rewards。
8-3 rewarding考査形容词。设空处修饰 parts，应用形容词形式，故填 rewarding。
8-4 She was highly rewarded for her efforts.
知识点9
1. vain 2.徒劳地希望…… 3. vainly
9-1in考查固定短语。句意：感恩节前Jeff和他的狗 Rosie在艾奥瓦州打猎，但枪声把狗吓跑了。Jeff在接下来的四天里寻找 Rosie，但是一切都是白费力气。in vain徒劳，白费功夫。
9-2 vainly改为vain考查固定短语。句意：那是一个阴雨的早晨，孩子们，主要是有各种学习困难的男孩，在开始上课时拒绝安静下来。作为一个没有经验的老师，我想尽一切办法让他们安静下来，但徒劳无功。in vain徒劳，白费功夫。
知识点10
1.in 2.on；影响某人做某事
10-1 is influenced考查时态及语态。句意，成功的一个关键技能是毅力，一个深受父亲的影响的特点。由前面内容可知，此处应用一般现在时；从句主语为that，指代先行词 a characteristic，与 influence之间为被动关系，故填 is influenced
10-2on考查介词。the influence on表示“对……的影响”。故填on。
10-3 being influenced考查时态及语态。句意：当然，不仅如今的西方顶级设计师正受到中国的影响，当代时尚界的一些最优秀设计师本身也是中国人。句子前边的部分因为 not only提前而引起倒装，转换为正常语序应当是 today’s top Western designers are not only being influenced by China，可见使用了现在进行时的被动语态，表示现在正被中国影响。故填being influenced。
10-4 influential考查形容词。句意：通过看着我们倾听我们，尊重我们的投入，肯定我们的价值，给我们一种尊严感，爸爸无疑是我们最有影响力的老师。设空处修饰名词 teacher，需用形容词形式，故填influential。
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知识点1 assist ν.协助，帮助
情景导学
1.Dingding is an app designed to assist teachers with the online classes and collection of homework. 钉钉是一款旨在帮助教师在线上课和收集作业的应用程序。
2.We are looking for people who would be willing to assist in delivering the supplies to Huoshenshan Hospital. 我们正在寻找愿意协助运送补给品到火神山医院的人。
3.Any assistance you could give the infected patients will be greatly appreciated. 如果您能为受感染的病人提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。
4.He can walk only with the assistance of crutches. 他只能靠拐杖走路。
归纳拓展
1.assist（sb.）_____/in sth.帮助（某人）某事
2.assist（sb.）_____doing sth.帮助（某人）做某事
3.assistance n.帮助；援助
with the assistance of sb./sth. _______
offer/provide assistance（to sb.）（为某人）提供帮助
4.assistant n.助理；助手
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019江苏，23，★★☆）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical _____ (assist).
1-2（2019北京，完形填空，★★☆）If they have problems with registration Wilson there ______ (assist) them.
1-3（2016课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解B，★★☆）His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching ______ (assist) in class whose creativity would infect（感染）other students.
1-4（★★☆）If Mr. Dewey had been present he would have offered any possible ______ (assist) to the people there
完成句子
1-5（2018课标全国Ⅰ，阅读理解B改编，★★☆）他帮她做饭。
He assists her _____ _____ meals.
知识点2 priority n.优先处理的事，当务之急；优先权
情景导学
1.Our first priority is to improve standards.
我们的头等大事是提高水平。
2.You need to get your priorities right/straight.
你需要把个人事情的轻重缓急分清楚。
3.I disagree with the premise that economic development has priority over the environment.
我不同意经济发展优先于环境这一前提。
归纳拓展
1.the top/first priority当务之急；头等大事
2.have priority______... 比……优先，有优先权
3.get priorities ______/ straight分清楚轻重缓急
单句填空
单项填空
2-1（2019江苏，26，★★☆）Nowadays the_______ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.
A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension
单句改错
2-2（2016江苏，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）
Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nino，reducing their losses needs to be priority.
单句语法填空
2-3（★★☆）Freedom should have priority ______responsibility.
知识点3 vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
情景导学
1.Having a goal is vital to success. 有目标对成功至关重要。
2.Fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization. 根据最近来自世界卫生组织的一份报告，与世界上的饥饿作斗争仍然是至关重要的问题。
3.He had never felt so vital. 他从未感到过如此充满生机。
归纳拓展
1.be vital for对………至关重要
2._________至关重要
3.play a vital part/role in… 在……中起着极其重要的作用
4.it is/was vital to do sth. 做某事是极其重要的
5.熟词生义：vital adj. _______
单句语法填空
3-1（2019天津，阅读理解A，★★☆）
Understanding history is vital _____ understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
3-2（2019江苏，阅读理解D改编，★★☆）
The process of Steve's recording can be described as vital _____ Naomi’s career.
3-3（★★☆）By mentioning the breakdown of the computer，the author probably wants to prove its vital _____ (believe) in IT professionals.
完成句子
3-4（★★☆）运气对朱迪的生存起着极重要的作用。
Luck _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Judy’s survival.
知识点4 devotion n.奉献；忠诚；热爱
情景导学
1.Professor Potter is a devoted teacher and has a gift for explaining mathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious.
波特教授是一位敬业的教师，他在用看起来清晰明了的方式来解释数学概念上有天赋。
2.For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long-distance swimmers.
十年来，Nyad致力于成为世界上最好的长距离游泳运动员之
3.She devoted more than four years to finding a cure for the disease.
她花了四年多的时间寻找这种疾病的治疗方法。
归纳拓展
1.devote...to...将……用于……; 把……奉献给
2.__________ 致力于/献身于
3.__________ adj.挚爱的；忠诚的
单句语法填空
4-1（2017天津，完形填空，★★☆）I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote _______ something that is meaningful and enormous.
4-2（2016北京，阅读理解B改编，★★☆）In the following few days after Hurricane Sandy，neighbors devoted their spare time to _____(help)others rebuild.
4-3（★★☆）Some complain of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour work weeks _____ (devote)to tasks they hate
4-4（★★☆）Such is their ______ (devote) to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
完成句子
4-5（★★☆）母亲对孩子的奉献几乎无法计算。
Mothers’ _____ _____ _____ can hardly be calculated.
知识点5 realistic adj.现实的，实际的；能够实现的
情景导学
1.You need to be realistic about the amount you can do in a day.
你对自己一天能完成的工作量要实事求是。
2.It isn't realistic to expect people to work for so little money.
指望人们为这么少的钱工作是不现实的。
3.He seemed very young，but he was in reality older than all of us.
他看起来很年轻，但事实上他比我们所有人都大。
归纳拓展
1.be realistic_____...对……现实
2.it is not realistic______ 做某事是不实际的
3.reality n.现实；事实
___________= in fact实际上，事实上
单句语法填空
5-1（2020浙江1月，语法填空，★★☆）A child born in the US today has a very ________ (reality)chance of living beyond100 and needs to plan accordingly.
5-2（2017课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解C，★★☆）But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come loser than anyone to making the flying car a _____ (real).
完成句子
5-3（2019课标全国Ⅱ，七选五，★★☆）另一种设定切合实际的目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。
Another way of _____ _____ _____ to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs values and strength.
知识点6 minority n.少数派；少数
情景导学
1.Only a minority of people infected with the virus died eventually.
最终只有少数感染病毒的人死了。
2.Boys are very much in the minority in the dance class.
在舞蹈课上，男孩子是极少数的
3.This equipment is now available in the vast majority of hospitals.
现在绝大多数医院都有这种器材。
归纳拓展
1.__________少数的，占少部分的
2.be ______ the/a minority占少数
3.反义词: _______n.多数
完成句子
6-1（2016天津，阅读理解A，★★☆）他们中的大多数人在开始他们的课程前都要参加在线语言测试。
_____ _____ _____ them take online language test before starting their programme.
6-2（★★☆）所以，可能只有少数年轻人演奏古典乐器，但当说起享受古典音乐的乐趣时，就要看这段音乐了。
So，it may be only _____ _____ _____ young people who play classical instruments，but when it comes to enjoying classical music，it depends on the piece of music.
6-3（★★☆）所以，让我们假设历史建筑对大多数人来说既有吸引力又很重要
So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to ______ _____ ______ people.
知识点7 harmonious adj.和睦的，和谐的
情景导学
1.How can we maintain peace and harmony around us，so that others can also live peacefully and harmoniously？
我们如何才可以保持着周遭的平静与和谐，亦让他人能够生活在安宁与和谐中？
2.The human race should live in harmony with nature rather than dominate it.
人类应当与自然和谐相处而并非去支配自然。
归纳拓展
1.harmony n._____
in harmony with sth.与某物和谐相处
2. ________ adv.和谐地；调和地
单句语法填空
7-1（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）The ________ (harmonious) of old and new made Wang’s architectural design a success.
7-2（★★☆）For that，SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities：a broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a ______ (harmony)design of your own.
完成句子
7-3（★★☆）人类生活被视为自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一途径就是与自然和谐相处。
Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live _____ _____ _____ nature.
知识点8 rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；报酬高的
情景导学
1.A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.
已悬赏100美元找寻项链。
2.She was rewarded for her efforts with a bonus.
她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。
3.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.
学生们直在努力学习功课，他们的努力终将会被报以成功。
归纳拓展
1.______ n.报酬，赏金，酬劳ν.奖励，奖赏
2.be _______ with… 得到……的回报/奖赏
3.reward sb. for（doing）sth. ____________
单句语法填空
8-1（2019课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解D改编，★★☆）If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded _____ seven drops of water or juice.
8-2（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解B，★★☆）For many who made it to Dawson however，the ______ (reward)were worth the difficult trip.
8-3（2016四川，阅读理解B，★★☆）Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most ______ (reward) parts of our lives.
翻译句子
8-4（2016江苏，阅读理解D，★★☆）她因努力而受到高度奖赏。
________________________________________________________________
知识点9 in vain徒劳，无结果
情景导学
1.I was singing in a vain attempt to cheer him up.
我唱歌想让他高兴起来，却是徒劳的
2.He hunted vainly through his pockets for a piece of paper.
他徒劳地在口袋里搜寻一张纸。
3.He married his fourth wife，Susan，in the vain hope that she would improve his health.
他娶了他的第四任妻子苏珊，希望她能改善他的健康，但徒劳无功。
归纳拓展
1.in a ______ attempt to do sth.徒劳地努力做某事
2.in the vain hope that… _________________
3.___________ adv.徒劳地
单句语法填空
9-1（2019课标全国Ⅱ，完形填空，★★☆）
Jeff had hunted in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog，Rosie，but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ______ vain for Rosie in the next four days.
单句改错
9-2（★★☆）It was a rainy morning and the children，mainly boys with various learning
difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be quiet, but in vainly.
知识点10 influential adj.有影响力的
情景导学
1.He had been influential in shaping economic policy.他在制定经济政策方面起过很大作用。
2.What influenced you to take up nursing？是什么影响你去从事护理工作？
3.Those so-called friends of hers have a bad influence on her.
她那些所谓的朋友对她的影响很坏。
归纳拓展
1. be influential _______（doing）sth.在（做）某事上有很大的影响
2. influence n.影响；作用v影响；对……起作用
have an influence________... 对……有影响
influence sb.to do sth. __________
单句语法填空
10-1（2020浙江1月，阅读理解C改编, ★★☆）a key skill set for success is persistence（毅力），a characteristic that ________（influence）heavily by fathers.
10-2（2019课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解A，★★☆）I once wrote a paper on the influence _____ Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds.
10-3（2019课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解B，★★★）Of course，not only are todays top Western influence）by China some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.
10-4（★★★）By looking at us，listening to us，respecting our input，affirming（肯定）our value，giving us a sense of dignity Papa was unquestionably our most _____（influence）teacher.
答案：
知识点1
1.with 2.in 3.在某人/某物的帮助下
1-1 assistance考查名词。句意：这位医生给病人分享了他的电话号码，以防他们需要医疗援助。medical为形容词，其后需要使用名词，结合句意可知填assistance。
1-2 to assist考查非谓语动词。句意：如果他们注册有困难，威尔逊会帮助他们。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填 to assist。
1-3 assistant考查名词。句意：他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教，他的创造力会感染其他学生。teaching assistant助教。
1-4 assistance考查名词。句意：如果杜威先生在场，他会向那里的人们提供任何可能的帮助。offer assistance to sb.为某人提供帮助。
1-5 in cooking
知识点2
2.over 3.right
2-1 A考查名词辨析。句意：如今，旅游中优先考虑的事情从购物转变为饮食和风景。priority重点；potential潜力；proportion比例；pension养老金，根据句意可知，A项符合语境。
2-2 priority前加the考查冠词。句意：由于最贫穷的人最不可能弥补与厄尔尼诺有关的灾害造成的损失，减少他们的损失有必要是优先事项。根据句意可知，priority应是特指减少他们的损失这件事，故前加定冠词the。
2-3 over考查固定搭配。句意：自由应优先于责任。have priority over.比……优先，有优先权。
知识点3
1.to 2.of vital importance 5.充满生机的
3-1 to/for考查固定搭配。be vital for/to对……至关重要。
3-2 to/for考查固定搭配。be vital for/to对……至关重要。
3-3 to believe考查非谓语动词。句意：通过提到计算机的故障，作者可能想证明相信IT专业人土是至关重要的。It is/was vital to do sth.做某事是极其重要的。
3-4 plays a vital role in
知识点4
2.devote oneself to… 3.devoted
4-1 to考查固定搭配。句意：我觉得我被赋予了第次生命，去致力于某件有意义的大事情。devote把……投入到……中去。
4-2 helping考查非谓语动词。句意：在飓风桑迪过后的几天里，邻居们把空闲时间用来帮助他人重建。devote…to...把……投入到……中去，注意to为介词，故help需使用动名词形式，故填 helping。
4-3 devoted考查非谓语动词。句意：一些人抱怨不友好的同事，为每周8小时的工作时间都在做他们讨厌的任务而感到悲伤。设空处在句子中修饰 eight hour workweeks，与之是被动关系，故填 devoted。
4-4 devotion考查名词。由设空处前的形容词性物主代词 their可知，此处应用名词形式。
4-5 devotion to children
知识点5
1.about 2.to do sth. 3.in reality
5-1 realistic考查形容词。句意：当今出生在美国的孩子有非常切实的机会活到100岁以上，并需要做相应的计划。设空处需用形容词修饰后面的名词chance，故填 realistic。
5-2 reality考查名词。由空前的不定冠词a可知设空处应用名词形式。故填 reality。
5-3 setting realistic goals
知识点6
1.a minority of 2.in 3.majority
6-1 The majority of
6-2 a minority of
6-3 the majority of
知识点7
1.和谐；协调；和睦 2.harmoniously
7-1 harmony考查名词。句意：新旧（建筑）的协调使王澍的建筑设计取得了成功。The为冠词，后面应用名词形式，故填 harmony。
7-2 harmonious考查形容词。设空处在句子中修饰名词，需使用形容词形式 harmonious。
7-3 in harmony with
知识点8
1.reward 2.rewarded 3.因为（做）某事而回报某人
8-1with考査介词。句意：如果猴子触摸屏幕的左边，它们会得到七滴水或果汁的奖赏。be rewarded with..获得…的奖赏。
8-2 rewards考查名词复数。句意：然而，对许多成功到达道森的人来说，这些回报值得这次艰难的旅行。由主句的谓语动词were可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式，故填 rewards。
8-3 rewarding考査形容词。设空处修饰 parts，应用形容词形式，故填 rewarding。
8-4 She was highly rewarded for her efforts.
知识点9
1. vain 2.徒劳地希望…… 3. vainly
9-1in考查固定短语。句意：感恩节前Jeff和他的狗 Rosie在艾奥瓦州打猎，但枪声把狗吓跑了。Jeff在接下来的四天里寻找 Rosie，但是一切都是白费力气。in vain徒劳，白费功夫。
9-2 vainly改为vain考查固定短语。句意：那是一个阴雨的早晨，孩子们，主要是有各种学习困难的男孩，在开始上课时拒绝安静下来。作为一个没有经验的老师，我想尽一切办法让他们安静下来，但徒劳无功。in vain徒劳，白费功夫。
知识点10
1.in 2.on；影响某人做某事
10-1 is influenced考查时态及语态。句意，成功的一个关键技能是毅力，一个深受父亲的影响的特点。由前面内容可知，此处应用一般现在时；从句主语为that，指代先行词 a characteristic，与 influence之间为被动关系，故填 is influenced
10-2on考查介词。the influence on表示“对……的影响”。故填on。
10-3 being influenced考查时态及语态。句意：当然，不仅如今的西方顶级设计师正受到中国的影响，当代时尚界的一些最优秀设计师本身也是中国人。句子前边的部分因为 not only提前而引起倒装，转换为正常语序应当是 today’s top Western designers are not only being influenced by China，可见使用了现在进行时的被动语态，表示现在正被中国影响。故填being influenced。
10-4 influential考查形容词。句意：通过看着我们倾听我们，尊重我们的投入，肯定我们的价值，给我们一种尊严感，爸爸无疑是我们最有影响力的老师。设空处修饰名词 teacher，需用形容词形式，故填influential。
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