外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit5 delicate world单元语法详解课件(共17张PPT)

(共17张PPT)
Unit 5 A delicate world
单元语法详解
外研版新教材选择性必修二
本单元重要语法
→现在完成时的被动语态
◆原句再现
a. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. (教材 P 51)
b. According to official statistics, over 3, 000 plant species have been recorded there. (教材 P 57)
c. Additionally, around 4, 300 insect species have been recorded. (教材 P 57)
d.According to the passage, what has been done to protect the ecology of Shennongjia (教材 P 58)
e. A “must” for anyone visiting Guizhou Province, Fanjing Mountain has now been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List, bringing the total number of UNESCO sites in China to 53. (教材 P 59)
1. My watch has just been repaired.
2. The vegetables has been frozen this winter so far.
3.These damaged buildings have already been rebuilt recently.
4. All the children have already been taken care of in the village.
5. She has been taken to the hospital.
6. They have been admitted into the key university.
◆ 现在完成时被动语态的四种句式：肯定式; 否定式; 一般疑问式; 特殊疑问式
◆ 现在完成时被动语态的基本结构：have/has been done.
句子主语为复数时，使用have been done; 句子主语为单数时，使用
has been done. 请观察以下句子
※ 肯定式:主语 + have/has + been +及物动词的过去分词+其他
※ 否定式:主语 + have/has + not + been + 及物动词的过去分词+其他
※ 一般疑问式: Have/Has +主语+been +及物动词的过去分词 +其他
※ 特殊疑问式:特殊疑问词(组)+have/has+主语 + been+及物动词的过去分词+其他
请观察以下句子
1.This book has already been translated into French.
2. We haven’t been told the date of the meeting so far.
3. Has the machine been repaired yet
4. How many years has the computer been used till now
5. How have these problems been solved
◆ 现在完成时被动语态的含义
※ 动作已完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果
※ 主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系
请观察以下句子
a. Your room has been cleaned, so you needn’t clean it now.
(clean 动作已经完成, 而且 room 与 clean 之间为被动关系)
b. These vegetables have been watered, so we can go home.
(water动作已经完成, 而且 vegetables 与 water 之间为被动关系)
c. The problem has just been solved by our teacher.
(solve动作已经完成, 而且 problem 与 solve之间为被动关系)
d. All the rice in the bowl has been eaten up.
(eat动作已经完成, 而且 rice 与 eat之间为被动关系)
◆ 现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法
●表示过去一个被动的动作或状态,一直持续到现在,并有可能持续下去,常与 for, over, in the past … years或 since引导的时间状语连用,或常见于“How long.... ”句型中。请观察以下句子
a. The film has been shown for almost three hours.
b. The car has been used in the past twelve years.
(比较：The car was used in the past. )
c. These issues have been discussed over these days.
d. The workers have been trapped since last week.
e. Everything has been changed since 1990.
f. The poor have been taken good care of since he lived here.
●表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果,常与 yet, already, just, never, recently, before 等副词连用，请观察以下句子
a. I'm sorry, but the letters haven't been typed yet.
(结果是：现在还拿不到这些信件)
b. The work has already been finished.
(结果是：现在不用做这项工作了)
c. The classroom has just been cleaned.
(结果是：现在不用再打扫了)
d. They have never been praised by their teacher.
(结果是：目前还没被表扬)
●常与 “到目前为止”的状语连用，如： so far, up to now, until now, up till now 等, 请观察以下句子
a. All the clothes have been shown for three days.
b. Up to now, the task hasn’t been completed.
c. The museum has been visited up till now.
d. Until now, these books in English have been kept there.
● 在 “It/That/This is the first…time that 从句”中, 从句中谓语用现在完成时或现在完成时的被动式，请观察以下句子
a. It/This is the third time that the movie has been shown this year.
b. It is the first time that the girl has been punished by her father.
c. It is the second time that these old men have been cheated.
◆现在完成时的主动语态变被动语态
●只带一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语即可，请观察以下句子
a. We have built many houses in the past ten years. (主动)
→ Many houses have been built in the past ten years. (被动)
b. He has made three plane models so far. (主动)
→ Three plane models has been made so far. (被动)
●带有双宾语的动词,如 give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, sell, make, sing, write, read, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等变为被动语态时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个保留不动,请观察以下句子
a. We have given him the book. (主动)
b. He has been given the book. (被动)
c. The book has been given to him. (被动)
●带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾语补足语成为主语补足语。原来省略 to的不定式作宾语补足语的,被动语态中要用带 to的不定式, 请观察以下句子
a. I have made my brother do cleaning. (主动)
→ My brother has been made to do cleaning. (被动)
b. We have helped them go through the difficulty. (被动)
→ They have been helped to go through the difficulty. (被动)
c. The boss has told them to go to the company at once. (主动)
→They have been told to go to the company at once. (被动)
●短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在现在完成时主动语
态变为被动语态时，一般要保持短语的完整性，不可省略
短语动词中的介词或副词，请观察以下句子
a. All of the students have referred to the dictionary.
→The dictionary has been referred to.
b. These volunteers have taken good care of the three old men.
→ The three old men have been taken good care of.
c. It is said that the police have looked into the accident.
→ It is said that the problem has been looked into.
d. The girl has thought of the exciting story.
→ The exciting story has been thought of.
◆ 考点训练
1. -- Flight 302 to London ________ until 7:30 tomorrow morning.
-- No wonder I hear so many complaints from the passengers.
A. has been delayed B. delay C. delayed D. will be delayed
2. -- The window is dirty. -- I know. It ____ for weeks.
hasn't clean B. didn't clean
C. wasn't cleaned D. hasn't been cleaned
3.Every year many farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making
jobs they _______ before leaving their hometowns.
promised B. were promised
C. have promised D. have been promised
A
D
D
● 从 A、B、C、D 选出最佳选项
4. -- _____David and Vicky _____ married -- For about three years.
A. How long were; being B. How long have; got
C. How long have; been D. How long did; get
5. Millions of pounds of damage _____ by a storm which swept across
the north of England last night.
A. has been caused B. had been caused
C. will be caused D. will have been caused
6. --We want to sit at the table near the window. -- I’m sorry, but it _______ already.
A. has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken
7 .-- ______the letter _____to Mr. .Black --No. It’s still on the desk.
A. Has; given B. Will; be given C. Was ; given D. Has ;been given
C
A
D
D
9. So far, moon ______ by man already.
A. is visited B .will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
10.With the help of high technology, more new substances _____in the past years.
A. discovered B. have discovered
C. had been discovered D. have been discovered
11. I got caught in the rain and my suit _______.
A has ruined B had ruined C has been ruined D had been ruined
12 .When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _______ yet.
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
C
D
D
D
1. Every possible means _________________________(try) to stop the
bad behavior, but they don't work at all.
2. Over the past ten years, this town ______________________ (hit) by
earthquakes.
3. All the preparations for the task _____________________________
(complete), and we are ready to start.
4.--Why does the lake smell terrible
--Because large quantities of water _____________________(pollute).
5.--The machine is working again!
--Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it _______________________ (fix).
● 填入括号内动词的适当形式
has been tried
has been hit
have been completed
have been polluted
has been fixed
That’s all!
Thank you!