外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit5 delicate world 词汇-情景破学案（有答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit5 delicate world 词汇-情景破学案（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-04 08:58:00 | ||
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Unit5 词汇-情景破
知识点1 take over占领，接管，接收，接任
These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking any baby birds.（教材P50）这些小动物很快就占领了这个岛，吃鸟蛋，并攻击所有的幼鸟。
情景导学
CBS Records was taken over by Sony.
哥伦比亚唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。
Alberto took the portrait down from the wall.
阿尔伯特从墙上取下那幅肖像画。
He's spoken to a publishing company. They're going to take him on.他已经跟一家出版社谈过了。他们将聘用他。
I could hardly take in what the old man had said.
我几乎不能理解那位老人说了什么。
A good deal of my time is taken up with driving the children to matches.
我的许多时间都用在开车送孩子们去参加比赛。
归纳拓展
①take______吸收，理解，欺骗；注意到
②take______呈现，承担，雇用
③take______开始从事；占用（时间、空间或精力）
④take down（从高处）取下，记下，记录
链接高考
用含有take的动词短语填空
1-1（2018天津，阅读理解D，★★☆）Next time you take a walk，no matter where it is, _______all the sights，sounds and sensations.
1-2（2017天津改编，阅读理解C，★★☆）
The idea that the government would ________ driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.
1-3（★★☆）Peter will ________ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
1-4（★★☆）To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could______, including housekeeper，part-time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer.
知识点2 chaos n.大混乱；紊乱
MACQUARIE ISLAND：from Chaos to Conservation（教材P51）麦夸里岛：从混乱走向保护
情景导学
The house was in chaos after the party.
聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。
归纳拓展
in chaos处于混乱的状态
易混辨析
chaos 着重指令人无能为力或感到绝望的混乱状态，突出没有很好地组织。
confusion意为“混淆，混乱；困惑”。指东西搅混在一起，凌乱得难以辨认；也可指思想混乱，以至于无法进行正常的思维活动。
disorder意为“骚乱；失调；紊乱”。正式用词，指事物因失去原有的秩序而造成混乱；也可指社会中的动乱或骚乱；还可表示东西杂乱或身体不适，出小毛病。disturbance意为“干扰；骚乱”。主要指社会中政治性的动乱骚乱；也可指个人或少数人的闹事。
mess意为“混乱；脏乱的东西”。口语中较常用的非正式词，语气强。指既混乱又肮脏，尤指人思想混乱或外表不整洁。
完成句子
2-1（★☆☆）当她走进教室时，里面一片混乱：两个男孩在远处的角落里打架，而班上的其他人似乎没有注意到他们……
When she walked into the classroom,______ ______ ______: two boys were fighting in the far corner, yet the rest of the class seemed not to notice them…
选词填空（chaos；confusion；disorder；disturbance；mess）
2-2（2017天津，2，★★☆）My room is a _______, but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
2-3（★★☆）At thirteen，I was diagnosed（诊断）with a kind of attention _______made school difficult for me.
2-4（★★☆）His answers to my questions have only added to my______.
2-5（★☆☆）There was a violent political _______in inner city areas last week.
2-6（★★☆）After the failure of the electricity supplies the city was in.
知识点3 release n.释放；公开；发行v.释放，放出；发布；放松；解除
With this goal in mind，a virus was released onto the island.（教材P51）头脑中想着这个目标，一种病毒被（专家们）释放到岛上。
情景导学
Released in January this year，the newest line of Barbie dolls tries to represent disabled people.今年1月发布的最新的芭比娃娃系列尝试代表残疾人士（的形象）。
Her early release from prison led to a demonstration.她的提前释放出狱导致了一场示威游行。
We decided a release date and a thousand shots to complete in the last month.我们确定了发布日期，而且有一千个镜头要在最后一个月内完成。
The part that I extremely object to is in the press release.我极其反对的部分在这个新闻稿里面。
归纳拓展
①release______解除，释放
②a/the release______发布日期
③press release新闻稿
完成句子
3-1（★★☆）这是一个进行社交、释放压力，并改善你的体力的机会。
It is an opportunity to be social,______ ______and improve your strength.
3-2（★☆☆）当你这样做的时候，你可能会感到一点点，或者很大程度上，从的思想的牢笼中释放出来……
When you do this you may feel a little，or large,______ ______ the jail of your mind…
3-3（★★☆）对它们来说，这只是很自然的，但是这个中年男人认为这是为他最终把它们放归野外的时候而进行的训练和条件。
To them it's only natural，but the middle aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
知识点4 decrease v.（使）减少；（使）变小，降低n.减少，降低；减少量
But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000.it also meant less food for the cats.（教材P51）但是虽然该病毒导致兔子的数量从13万只减少到了1万只左右，但这也意味着猫的食物更少了。
情景导学
The traffic accidents caused by drunk driving in the city have decreased by 30 in the past few years.
在过去的几年里，在这所城市中由酒后驾驶引起的交通事故已经减少了30%。
The number of cyclists running the traffic lights is on the decrease.骑自行车闯红灯的人数正在减少。
The maximum temperature tomorrow in Beijing will decrease to 28 degrees centigrade.
明天北京的最高温度将下降至28摄氏度。
归纳拓展
①decrease from…to…从……减少到……
②on the decrease______
③decrease______减少了/下降了
④decrease______减少到/下降到
单句语法填空
4-1（2018课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空，★☆☆）This switch ______（decrease）pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoir sand made drinking water safer for people
4-2（2017江苏，阅读理解D，★☆☆）While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly temperatures near the greenhouses_______（decrease）.
4-3（★★☆）Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger._______（decrease）the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
完成句子
4-4（★★☆）私营公司的数量从198家减少到了96家。
The number of independent firms_____198_____96.
知识点5 comparison n.比较，对照
Data，examples and comparisons are then used to support the main ideas.（教材P56）然后使用数据、例子和对比来支持主要思想。
情景导学
Compared with learning in the classroom，online teaching has its weaknesses. However this is a special way used during the epidemic.
与课堂学习相比，网络教学有其不足之处。然而，这是在疫情期间使用的一种特殊方法。
Her talent in music stands out in comparison with the others.和其他人比起来，她在音乐上的才能很突出。
The critics compared his work to that of Martin Amis.
评论家们把他的作品和马丁·埃米斯的相提并论。
The police compared the forged signature with/to the original.
警察将伪造的签名与原来的作比较
归纳拓展
①compare v.比较，对比
②compare…______...把……与……相比较
③compare…______...把……比作……
④in ______with/to…与…比较
⑤compared to/with…与……相比
单句语法填空
5-1（2019浙江改编，阅读理解C，★☆☆）The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in ______（compare）with how much they needed.
5-2（2018北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）But ______（compare）with previous studies she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.
完成句子
5-3（2018江苏改编，阅读理解D，★★☆）然而，如果他们把自己和名人或网上的更优秀的朋友相比较，他们仍然不知道如何对付刻薄的玩笑或他们可能会感到的无能感。
However，they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes，or the sense of incompetence they ______ ______ ______ might feel if they celebrities（名人）or more brilliant friends online.
知识点6 result in导致，造成
The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions.（教材P57）
海拔的巨大范围导致气候条件的巨大变化。
情景导学
The lack of masks produces some interesting ways to cover the mouth and nose. As a result, plastic containers and bags are used as replacements.口罩的短缺产生了一些有趣的方法来遮掩口鼻。因此，塑料容器和塑料袋被用作替代品。
Success of the project results from the reasonable plan and hard work.这个项目的成功是合理计划和努力工作的结果。
In some areas death rates have risen as a result of poverty and epidemics.
在某些地区，由于贫困和流行病，死亡率已经上升。
The result of being addicted to computer games is that you will fail in the exam沉迷于电脑游戏的结果是你会考试不及格。
归纳拓展
①result______由……造成，起因于
②as a result结果是，因此
③as a result_____由于，作为……的结果
④a/the result_____……的结果
完成句子
6-1（2019江苏，阅读理解C，★☆☆）然而，它们有实际的影响，因为它们导致对稀缺资源的错误使用。
However，they have real impacts，as they ______ ______misguided use of scarce resources.
6-2（2019江苏，阅读理解C改编，★☆☆）许多人开始相信，无论今天正在发生什么变化，都是伟大的技术进步的结果，与之背道而驰是不可能的。
Many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is ______ _____ ______ great technological progress，going against which is impossible.
6-3（2019浙江，读后续写，★★☆）孩子们会觉得他们不够好，或者你不关心他们，因此，他们可能会觉得为他们的成就而努力是没有用的。
Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and,_____ _____ _____, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
知识点7 variation n.差异；变化
The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions.（教材P57）
海拔的巨大范围导致气候条件的巨大变化。
情景导学
Diets of these beetles vary from species to species.
这些甲虫的日常食物因物种的不同而异。
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
These data have been collected from various sources.
这些数据是从各种来源收集来的
This delicious variation on an omelette is quick and easy to prepare.这种略有变化的美味煎蛋饼准备起来又快又容易。
拓展归纳
①various adj各种各样的；各种不同的
②variety n.多样性；变化；品种
③a（wide）variety______各种各样的
④vary v.改变；变化
⑤vary from…_______... 在……到……之间变化
⑥unvarying adj.不变的，恒久的
完成句子
单句语法填空
7-1（2018北京，七选五，★☆☆）Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the e causes O anger are _______（variation）.
7-2（2016课标全国I，阅读理解D，★☆☆）The meaning of silence ______（variation）among cultural groups.
7-3（2019北京，阅读理解D，★★☆）海洋的颜色在绿色到蓝色之间变化，取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。
Ocean colour______ _______ _______ _______ _______ depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton．
7-4（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A，★☆☆）漫步在各种各样的出售礼物的商店之中，同时享受现场音乐表演和令人愉快的街头娱乐活动。
Wander among_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment．
知识点8 endangered adj.濒危的
Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species，the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries.（教材P57）
尽管在中国其他地方由于外来物种的入侵而濒临灭绝，但是神农架的蜜蜂已经与当地人共存了几个世纪。
情景导学
There is some risk of the lung collapsing again，but he is out of danger.
肺部有再次萎陷的风险，但他脱离危险了。
Many species of animals are in danger of dying out.
许多动物物种都处于濒临灭绝的危险中。
People carrying the novel coronavirus without protection are a danger to the public.
携带新型冠状病毒的没有防护的人员对公众是一种危险。
The car passed the dangerous section in the mountains successfully.汽车顺利地通过了山区的危险地段。
That mistake seriously endangered the future of the company.
那个失误严重地危及了公司的未来。
归纳拓展
①danger n.危险，危险的人，危险因素，威胁
②in danger______
③in danger of______
④out of danger______
⑤______ v.危及，使遭到危险
⑥______adj.危险的
⑦dangerously adv.危险地；不安全地
单句语法填空
8-1（2017北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）When some refuse vaccination and seek a freeride，immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger _______（dangerous）.
8-2（★★☆）Yes，many cyclists behave _______（dangerous）Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.
8-3（★★☆）The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production _______ (endanger) the very existence of certain animals and birds.
8-4（★★☆）Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly_______（danger）.
完成句子
8-5（2016课标全国I，阅读理解A，★★☆）她在1962年（出版）的畅销书《寂静的春天》提高了（人们）对污染的危害和化学品对人类的有害影响的认识。
Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the _______ _______ _______ and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.
8-6（2015四川，阅读理解D，★★☆）但是知更鸟唱得太多，有把自己累坏的危险。
But robins are______ ______ ______ wearing themselves out by singing too much.
答案：
知识点1
①in ②on ③up
1-1 take in考查动词短语。句意：下次你散步的时候，无论在哪里，都应该欣赏各种景色，倾听各种声音，接受各种感觉。take in在此处意为“注意到”。
1-2 take over考查动词短语。句意：政府将接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法，在这里绝对行不通。take over在此处意为“接管”。
1-3 take up考查动词短语。句意：彼得将在下个月底就任旅行社主管一职。take up在此处意为“开始从事”。
1-4 take on考查动词短语。句意：为了计算母亲们仅仅从那些劳动中就能赚多少钱，建议母亲们可以承担一些角色，包括管家、兼职律师、私人教练和演员。take on在此处意为“承担”。
知识点2
2-1 was chaos
2-2 mess考查名词词义。句意：我的房间很脏乱，但我今晚出去之前不必打扫它。我可以早上打扫。根据句意可知，此处指房间不整洁，应填mess。
2-3 disorder考查名词词义。句意：在十三岁的时候，我被诊断出有一种注意力障碍。这使我上学很困难。根据句意可知，此处指身体上的不适，应填disorder。
2-4 confusion考查名词词义。句意：他对我的问题的回答只是增加了我的困惑。根据句意可知，此处指思想上的混乱、困惑，应填 confusion。
2-5 disturbance考查名词词义。句意：上周市中心地区发生了一场激烈的政治骚乱。根据句意可知，此处指政治性的动乱、骚乱，应填 disturbance、腐26 chaos考查名词词义。句意：电力供应中断后，整个城市陷人一片混乱。根据句意可知，这里强调缺乏有效组织而产生的混乱状态，应填 chaos。
知识点3
①from ②date
3-1 release pressure
3-2 release from
3-3 releases them into the wild
知识点4
②在减少；在下降 ③by ④to
4-1 has decreased考查动词的时态。句意：这种转变已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水变得更加安全了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填 has decreased。
4-2 have decreased考查动词的时态。句意：尽管整个西班牙正在迅速升温，但温室附近的温度却下降了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have decrease。
4-3 To decrease考查动词不定式。句意：堆积如山的垃圾越来越多。为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境越来越多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。根据句意可知，设空处应填动词不定式表示目的，故填To decrease。
4-4 decreased from to
知识点5
②with/to ③to ④comparison
5-1 comparison考査固定短语。句意：研究人员通过一个计算机模型计算出了水压，该模型计算出树木获得的水量与它们所需的水量之间的比较。in comparison with…与…比较。
5-2 compared考查非谓语动词。句意：但与之前的研究相比，她发现这项研究中分解（聚乙烯）的速度令人兴奋。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用compare的过去分词作状语，和with搭配，意为“与相比”。
5-3 compared themselves to/with
知识点6
①from ③of ④of
6-1 result in
6-2 the result of
6-3 as a result
知识点7
③of ⑤to
7-1 various考查词性转换。句意：当我们感到愤怒时，它似乎很简单，但愤怒的原因是多种多样的。设空处作表语，根据句意可知，此处应填 various，意为“各种各样的”。
7-2 varies考查词性转换。句意：沉默的含义因文化群体而异。分析句子可知，此处作谓语，本句时态为般现在时，而且主语是第三人称单数，所以填varies。
7-3 varies from green to blue
7-4 a variety of shops selling gifts
知识点8
②处在危险中 ③处于……危险之中 ④脱离危险 ⑤endanger ⑥dangerous
8-1 danger考查固定短语。此处是指“每个人都处于甚至更大的危险之中”。in danger意为“处于危险中”，故填 dangerous的名词形式 danger。
8-2 dangerously考查副词。句意：是的，许多骑自行车的人表现得很危险。许多司机不尊重骑自行车的人。此处应用副词修饰 behave，故填 dangerously。
8-3 endangers考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为 The change，此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式，且时态为一般现在时，故填 endangers。
8-4 dangerous考查形容词。句意：太空旅行可能很愉快，但同时也有看不见的危险。此处 invisibly前省略了be动词，故应填形容词 dangerous。
8-5 dangers of pollution
8-6 in danger of
12 / 12
知识点1 take over占领，接管，接收，接任
These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds’ eggs and attacking any baby birds.（教材P50）这些小动物很快就占领了这个岛，吃鸟蛋，并攻击所有的幼鸟。
情景导学
CBS Records was taken over by Sony.
哥伦比亚唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。
Alberto took the portrait down from the wall.
阿尔伯特从墙上取下那幅肖像画。
He's spoken to a publishing company. They're going to take him on.他已经跟一家出版社谈过了。他们将聘用他。
I could hardly take in what the old man had said.
我几乎不能理解那位老人说了什么。
A good deal of my time is taken up with driving the children to matches.
我的许多时间都用在开车送孩子们去参加比赛。
归纳拓展
①take______吸收，理解，欺骗；注意到
②take______呈现，承担，雇用
③take______开始从事；占用（时间、空间或精力）
④take down（从高处）取下，记下，记录
链接高考
用含有take的动词短语填空
1-1（2018天津，阅读理解D，★★☆）Next time you take a walk，no matter where it is, _______all the sights，sounds and sensations.
1-2（2017天津改编，阅读理解C，★★☆）
The idea that the government would ________ driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here.
1-3（★★☆）Peter will ________ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
1-4（★★☆）To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could______, including housekeeper，part-time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer.
知识点2 chaos n.大混乱；紊乱
MACQUARIE ISLAND：from Chaos to Conservation（教材P51）麦夸里岛：从混乱走向保护
情景导学
The house was in chaos after the party.
聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。
归纳拓展
in chaos处于混乱的状态
易混辨析
chaos 着重指令人无能为力或感到绝望的混乱状态，突出没有很好地组织。
confusion意为“混淆，混乱；困惑”。指东西搅混在一起，凌乱得难以辨认；也可指思想混乱，以至于无法进行正常的思维活动。
disorder意为“骚乱；失调；紊乱”。正式用词，指事物因失去原有的秩序而造成混乱；也可指社会中的动乱或骚乱；还可表示东西杂乱或身体不适，出小毛病。disturbance意为“干扰；骚乱”。主要指社会中政治性的动乱骚乱；也可指个人或少数人的闹事。
mess意为“混乱；脏乱的东西”。口语中较常用的非正式词，语气强。指既混乱又肮脏，尤指人思想混乱或外表不整洁。
完成句子
2-1（★☆☆）当她走进教室时，里面一片混乱：两个男孩在远处的角落里打架，而班上的其他人似乎没有注意到他们……
When she walked into the classroom,______ ______ ______: two boys were fighting in the far corner, yet the rest of the class seemed not to notice them…
选词填空（chaos；confusion；disorder；disturbance；mess）
2-2（2017天津，2，★★☆）My room is a _______, but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
2-3（★★☆）At thirteen，I was diagnosed（诊断）with a kind of attention _______made school difficult for me.
2-4（★★☆）His answers to my questions have only added to my______.
2-5（★☆☆）There was a violent political _______in inner city areas last week.
2-6（★★☆）After the failure of the electricity supplies the city was in.
知识点3 release n.释放；公开；发行v.释放，放出；发布；放松；解除
With this goal in mind，a virus was released onto the island.（教材P51）头脑中想着这个目标，一种病毒被（专家们）释放到岛上。
情景导学
Released in January this year，the newest line of Barbie dolls tries to represent disabled people.今年1月发布的最新的芭比娃娃系列尝试代表残疾人士（的形象）。
Her early release from prison led to a demonstration.她的提前释放出狱导致了一场示威游行。
We decided a release date and a thousand shots to complete in the last month.我们确定了发布日期，而且有一千个镜头要在最后一个月内完成。
The part that I extremely object to is in the press release.我极其反对的部分在这个新闻稿里面。
归纳拓展
①release______解除，释放
②a/the release______发布日期
③press release新闻稿
完成句子
3-1（★★☆）这是一个进行社交、释放压力，并改善你的体力的机会。
It is an opportunity to be social,______ ______and improve your strength.
3-2（★☆☆）当你这样做的时候，你可能会感到一点点，或者很大程度上，从的思想的牢笼中释放出来……
When you do this you may feel a little，or large,______ ______ the jail of your mind…
3-3（★★☆）对它们来说，这只是很自然的，但是这个中年男人认为这是为他最终把它们放归野外的时候而进行的训练和条件。
To them it's only natural，but the middle aged man considers it training and conditioning for the time when he finally______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
知识点4 decrease v.（使）减少；（使）变小，降低n.减少，降低；减少量
But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000.it also meant less food for the cats.（教材P51）但是虽然该病毒导致兔子的数量从13万只减少到了1万只左右，但这也意味着猫的食物更少了。
情景导学
The traffic accidents caused by drunk driving in the city have decreased by 30 in the past few years.
在过去的几年里，在这所城市中由酒后驾驶引起的交通事故已经减少了30%。
The number of cyclists running the traffic lights is on the decrease.骑自行车闯红灯的人数正在减少。
The maximum temperature tomorrow in Beijing will decrease to 28 degrees centigrade.
明天北京的最高温度将下降至28摄氏度。
归纳拓展
①decrease from…to…从……减少到……
②on the decrease______
③decrease______减少了/下降了
④decrease______减少到/下降到
单句语法填空
4-1（2018课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空，★☆☆）This switch ______（decrease）pollution in the country's major lakes and reservoir sand made drinking water safer for people
4-2（2017江苏，阅读理解D，★☆☆）While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly temperatures near the greenhouses_______（decrease）.
4-3（★★☆）Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger._______（decrease）the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
完成句子
4-4（★★☆）私营公司的数量从198家减少到了96家。
The number of independent firms_____198_____96.
知识点5 comparison n.比较，对照
Data，examples and comparisons are then used to support the main ideas.（教材P56）然后使用数据、例子和对比来支持主要思想。
情景导学
Compared with learning in the classroom，online teaching has its weaknesses. However this is a special way used during the epidemic.
与课堂学习相比，网络教学有其不足之处。然而，这是在疫情期间使用的一种特殊方法。
Her talent in music stands out in comparison with the others.和其他人比起来，她在音乐上的才能很突出。
The critics compared his work to that of Martin Amis.
评论家们把他的作品和马丁·埃米斯的相提并论。
The police compared the forged signature with/to the original.
警察将伪造的签名与原来的作比较
归纳拓展
①compare v.比较，对比
②compare…______...把……与……相比较
③compare…______...把……比作……
④in ______with/to…与…比较
⑤compared to/with…与……相比
单句语法填空
5-1（2019浙江改编，阅读理解C，★☆☆）The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in ______（compare）with how much they needed.
5-2（2018北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）But ______（compare）with previous studies she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting.
完成句子
5-3（2018江苏改编，阅读理解D，★★☆）然而，如果他们把自己和名人或网上的更优秀的朋友相比较，他们仍然不知道如何对付刻薄的玩笑或他们可能会感到的无能感。
However，they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes，or the sense of incompetence they ______ ______ ______ might feel if they celebrities（名人）or more brilliant friends online.
知识点6 result in导致，造成
The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions.（教材P57）
海拔的巨大范围导致气候条件的巨大变化。
情景导学
The lack of masks produces some interesting ways to cover the mouth and nose. As a result, plastic containers and bags are used as replacements.口罩的短缺产生了一些有趣的方法来遮掩口鼻。因此，塑料容器和塑料袋被用作替代品。
Success of the project results from the reasonable plan and hard work.这个项目的成功是合理计划和努力工作的结果。
In some areas death rates have risen as a result of poverty and epidemics.
在某些地区，由于贫困和流行病，死亡率已经上升。
The result of being addicted to computer games is that you will fail in the exam沉迷于电脑游戏的结果是你会考试不及格。
归纳拓展
①result______由……造成，起因于
②as a result结果是，因此
③as a result_____由于，作为……的结果
④a/the result_____……的结果
完成句子
6-1（2019江苏，阅读理解C，★☆☆）然而，它们有实际的影响，因为它们导致对稀缺资源的错误使用。
However，they have real impacts，as they ______ ______misguided use of scarce resources.
6-2（2019江苏，阅读理解C改编，★☆☆）许多人开始相信，无论今天正在发生什么变化，都是伟大的技术进步的结果，与之背道而驰是不可能的。
Many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is ______ _____ ______ great technological progress，going against which is impossible.
6-3（2019浙江，读后续写，★★☆）孩子们会觉得他们不够好，或者你不关心他们，因此，他们可能会觉得为他们的成就而努力是没有用的。
Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and,_____ _____ _____, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
知识点7 variation n.差异；变化
The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions.（教材P57）
海拔的巨大范围导致气候条件的巨大变化。
情景导学
Diets of these beetles vary from species to species.
这些甲虫的日常食物因物种的不同而异。
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
These data have been collected from various sources.
这些数据是从各种来源收集来的
This delicious variation on an omelette is quick and easy to prepare.这种略有变化的美味煎蛋饼准备起来又快又容易。
拓展归纳
①various adj各种各样的；各种不同的
②variety n.多样性；变化；品种
③a（wide）variety______各种各样的
④vary v.改变；变化
⑤vary from…_______... 在……到……之间变化
⑥unvarying adj.不变的，恒久的
完成句子
单句语法填空
7-1（2018北京，七选五，★☆☆）Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the e causes O anger are _______（variation）.
7-2（2016课标全国I，阅读理解D，★☆☆）The meaning of silence ______（variation）among cultural groups.
7-3（2019北京，阅读理解D，★★☆）海洋的颜色在绿色到蓝色之间变化，取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。
Ocean colour______ _______ _______ _______ _______ depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton．
7-4（2018课标全国Ⅲ，阅读理解A，★☆☆）漫步在各种各样的出售礼物的商店之中，同时享受现场音乐表演和令人愉快的街头娱乐活动。
Wander among_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment．
知识点8 endangered adj.濒危的
Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species，the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries.（教材P57）
尽管在中国其他地方由于外来物种的入侵而濒临灭绝，但是神农架的蜜蜂已经与当地人共存了几个世纪。
情景导学
There is some risk of the lung collapsing again，but he is out of danger.
肺部有再次萎陷的风险，但他脱离危险了。
Many species of animals are in danger of dying out.
许多动物物种都处于濒临灭绝的危险中。
People carrying the novel coronavirus without protection are a danger to the public.
携带新型冠状病毒的没有防护的人员对公众是一种危险。
The car passed the dangerous section in the mountains successfully.汽车顺利地通过了山区的危险地段。
That mistake seriously endangered the future of the company.
那个失误严重地危及了公司的未来。
归纳拓展
①danger n.危险，危险的人，危险因素，威胁
②in danger______
③in danger of______
④out of danger______
⑤______ v.危及，使遭到危险
⑥______adj.危险的
⑦dangerously adv.危险地；不安全地
单句语法填空
8-1（2017北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）When some refuse vaccination and seek a freeride，immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger _______（dangerous）.
8-2（★★☆）Yes，many cyclists behave _______（dangerous）Many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists.
8-3（★★☆）The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production _______ (endanger) the very existence of certain animals and birds.
8-4（★★☆）Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly_______（danger）.
完成句子
8-5（2016课标全国I，阅读理解A，★★☆）她在1962年（出版）的畅销书《寂静的春天》提高了（人们）对污染的危害和化学品对人类的有害影响的认识。
Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the _______ _______ _______ and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans.
8-6（2015四川，阅读理解D，★★☆）但是知更鸟唱得太多，有把自己累坏的危险。
But robins are______ ______ ______ wearing themselves out by singing too much.
答案：
知识点1
①in ②on ③up
1-1 take in考查动词短语。句意：下次你散步的时候，无论在哪里，都应该欣赏各种景色，倾听各种声音，接受各种感觉。take in在此处意为“注意到”。
1-2 take over考查动词短语。句意：政府将接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法，在这里绝对行不通。take over在此处意为“接管”。
1-3 take up考查动词短语。句意：彼得将在下个月底就任旅行社主管一职。take up在此处意为“开始从事”。
1-4 take on考查动词短语。句意：为了计算母亲们仅仅从那些劳动中就能赚多少钱，建议母亲们可以承担一些角色，包括管家、兼职律师、私人教练和演员。take on在此处意为“承担”。
知识点2
2-1 was chaos
2-2 mess考查名词词义。句意：我的房间很脏乱，但我今晚出去之前不必打扫它。我可以早上打扫。根据句意可知，此处指房间不整洁，应填mess。
2-3 disorder考查名词词义。句意：在十三岁的时候，我被诊断出有一种注意力障碍。这使我上学很困难。根据句意可知，此处指身体上的不适，应填disorder。
2-4 confusion考查名词词义。句意：他对我的问题的回答只是增加了我的困惑。根据句意可知，此处指思想上的混乱、困惑，应填 confusion。
2-5 disturbance考查名词词义。句意：上周市中心地区发生了一场激烈的政治骚乱。根据句意可知，此处指政治性的动乱、骚乱，应填 disturbance、腐26 chaos考查名词词义。句意：电力供应中断后，整个城市陷人一片混乱。根据句意可知，这里强调缺乏有效组织而产生的混乱状态，应填 chaos。
知识点3
①from ②date
3-1 release pressure
3-2 release from
3-3 releases them into the wild
知识点4
②在减少；在下降 ③by ④to
4-1 has decreased考查动词的时态。句意：这种转变已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水变得更加安全了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填 has decreased。
4-2 have decreased考查动词的时态。句意：尽管整个西班牙正在迅速升温，但温室附近的温度却下降了。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have decrease。
4-3 To decrease考查动词不定式。句意：堆积如山的垃圾越来越多。为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境越来越多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。根据句意可知，设空处应填动词不定式表示目的，故填To decrease。
4-4 decreased from to
知识点5
②with/to ③to ④comparison
5-1 comparison考査固定短语。句意：研究人员通过一个计算机模型计算出了水压，该模型计算出树木获得的水量与它们所需的水量之间的比较。in comparison with…与…比较。
5-2 compared考查非谓语动词。句意：但与之前的研究相比，她发现这项研究中分解（聚乙烯）的速度令人兴奋。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用compare的过去分词作状语，和with搭配，意为“与相比”。
5-3 compared themselves to/with
知识点6
①from ③of ④of
6-1 result in
6-2 the result of
6-3 as a result
知识点7
③of ⑤to
7-1 various考查词性转换。句意：当我们感到愤怒时，它似乎很简单，但愤怒的原因是多种多样的。设空处作表语，根据句意可知，此处应填 various，意为“各种各样的”。
7-2 varies考查词性转换。句意：沉默的含义因文化群体而异。分析句子可知，此处作谓语，本句时态为般现在时，而且主语是第三人称单数，所以填varies。
7-3 varies from green to blue
7-4 a variety of shops selling gifts
知识点8
②处在危险中 ③处于……危险之中 ④脱离危险 ⑤endanger ⑥dangerous
8-1 danger考查固定短语。此处是指“每个人都处于甚至更大的危险之中”。in danger意为“处于危险中”，故填 dangerous的名词形式 danger。
8-2 dangerously考查副词。句意：是的，许多骑自行车的人表现得很危险。许多司机不尊重骑自行车的人。此处应用副词修饰 behave，故填 dangerously。
8-3 endangers考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为 The change，此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式，且时态为一般现在时，故填 endangers。
8-4 dangerous考查形容词。句意：太空旅行可能很愉快，但同时也有看不见的危险。此处 invisibly前省略了be动词，故应填形容词 dangerous。
8-5 dangers of pollution
8-6 in danger of
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