外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit5 A delicate world单元过关检测（有解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit5 A delicate world单元过关检测（有解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-04 09:13:36 | ||
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Unit5 单元过关检测
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.
Baoshan Stone Village, Yunnan Province
Baoshan Stone Village was built on a huge mushroomshaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces (梯田）；you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic (民族的） group there.
Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang
Kanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunters. You can visit a local family, go herding with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.
Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan Province
Jiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red caves, and white walls, which make the houses look like little castles among the forest.
Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou Province
If you, re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Miao village in China, and now has 1, 432 households with a population of over 6, 000, of which 99. 5% are Miao ethnic group. It’s also famous for the houses built on stilts (支柱)of different heights.
1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village
A. Hike in terraces.
B. See houses of a foreign style.
C. Go hunting with the locals.
D. Learn about houses built on stilts.
2. Where can you admire the houses like castles
A. In Baoshan Stone Village.
B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.
C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.
D. In Xijiang Miao Village.
3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text
A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.
B. They were originally built to defend their homeland.
C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.
D. They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.
B
Known as “wolf girl” at her West Warwick, R. I. school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much of her young life teaching others to protect and respect animals. After starting a wolf club in the second grade, Alyssa learned all she could about her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentations about protecting wolves at libraries and schools—she, s even spoken at a university. In fact, she, s become such a wolf expert that she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Coalition.
When she’s not teaching others about wolves, Alyssa can be found volunteering at her local animal shelter, taking care of dogs and cats. She’s also trained as a citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA. In short, Alyssa Grayson proves that you are never too young to make a difference for animals.
When asked how she got interested in saving wolves, Alyssa says, “I’ve loved wolves since I saw them in a movie when I was 2 or 3 years old. Then one day I saw a commercial about wolf hunting. I asked my mother why people did this, and she told me because people didn’t like wolves. I decided from then on that I wanted to save wolves. ”
Today, wolves are hunted, trapped, or poisoned. Hunters chase wolves for miles in an airplane until the wolves are too exhausted to run anymore. Then they shoot them. The animal doesn’t have a chance to escape. Animals are also trapped for their fur. They are left to suffer in a trap with no food, water, or shelter. Alyssa thinks the fur looks better on the animal in the wild, where it’s meant to be, than on a human.
Alyssa believes wolves are important to our worlds. She says, “Wolves are an apex predator, which means they are at the top of the food chain. Removing them from the ecosystem is a big mistake. The ecosystem is like a chain of dominoes (多米诺骨牌)—with the apex predator as the one in front. If you were to knock down that domino, the rest of the chain would go down too. ”
People usually think of “the Big Bad Wolf” when they hear about wolves. However, Alyssa says, “If they would base their thoughts on facts, not fairy tales, we wouldn’t have people wanting to kill wolves. ”
4. Why is Alyssa known as “wolf girl” at her school
A. She keeps wolves as pets.
B. She was raised by wolves.
C. She does a lot to protect wolves.
D. She started a wolf club at her school.
5. What can we learn according to the first two paragraphs
A. Alyssa gained knowledge about wolves at libraries.
B. Alyssa cares about other animals besides wolves.
C. Alyssa has started to give presentations since the second grade.
D. Alyssa is the first junior citizen scientist for FrogWatch USA.
6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why wolves are killed.
B. Why wolves are trapped.
C. The tools used to hunt wolves.
D. How wolves are treated.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Alyssa doesn’t need fairy tales.
B. Alyssa doesn’t believe in fairy tales.
C. Alyssa encourages people to find out the facts about wolves.
D. Alyssa believes that more people will work to save wolves.
C
Autumn Peltier is a youth environmentalist who has inspired thousands of students to walk out of class and demand action on climate change.
When Autumn Peltier was just 8 years old, she attended a ceremony at a reservation where she saw a sign warning that the water was poisonous. Growing up on a freshwater island in Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory in Canada, Peltier said she had never experienced poisonous water. The memory of that sign stayed with her.
Two years later, at the age of 10, Peltier was fighting for water conservation and water rights for everybody. She said she was inspired by her great aunt, Josephine Mandamin, a well-known activist who walked the shores of all five Great Lakes to raise awareness for water conservation.
When she was 12 in 2015, Peltier met Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, telling him she was unhappy with his policies on debating pipeline projects. Trudeau promised her he would preserve the water. Since 2015, 87 long-term water advisories in Canada have been lifted; 56 water advisories remain.
At middle school, Peltier joined an environmental group at her school and later co-founded the Canadian Youth Water Strike—a Canadian branch of the international movement to conserve water.
Last year, Peltier spoke at the UN about the importance of water conservation and water access, explaining the fundamental role water plays in her culture.
“Many people don’t think water is alive or has a spirit. My people believe this to be true. . . We believe our water is precious because we are bom of water. ”
After the speech at the UN, Peltier is joined by a group of teenagers who share similar thoughts. Her friends include Greta Thunberg, a Swedish girl who drew the world attention through the talk at World Economic Forum at Davos, Bruno Rodriguez, an Argentinian boy who joined in the UN Climate Summit, and Mari Copeny, an American girl who is dedicated to the cause of saving water. Peltier and her friends believe that together they can make a big difference.
Undoubtedly, Peltier’s many years of hard work has paid off. She has greatly raised people’s awareness of water conservation and taught people to take specific actions to conserve water.
That’s an impressive list of accomplishments for anyone, let alone a middle schooler.
8. How did Peltier feel about the poisonous water when she was 8
A. Shocked. B. Interested. C. Excited. D. Bored.
9. Who influenced Peltier to start water conservation
A. UN officials.
B. Trudeau.
C. Mandamin.
D. Thunberg.
10. What does Peltier expect to do in the future
A. To make more friends.
B. To protect more water.
C. To attend more summits.
D. To organize more strikes.
11. What can we learn from Autumn Peltier’s story
A. World leaders can contribute to success.
B. Environment is Canadians’ major concern.
C. Fame comes from attending great summits.
D. Achievements result from continuous effort.
D
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物）called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3C, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a wanning will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”
12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
13. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Sensitive.
B. Beneficial.
C. Significant.
D. Unnoticeable.
14. What can we learn from the passage
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener
15. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural sites and historic buildings, when left alone, can slowly be in bad condition.
16 For these reasons we must protect them.
“World Heritage” is the title given to places chosen from natural sites and historic buildings around the world. These places are considered special, valuable and require protection. They may be places of nature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country. 17 Each is a treasure of our planet that must be protected for us and our future generations.
Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone. 18 For instance, the Galapagos Islands are now protected by rules that stop people from bringing or removing plants and animals to or from the islands, moving rocks and touching the animals. In the US, people are not allowed to visit Grand Canyon National Park by vehicle. It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars. 19 Australia is making stricter laws to prevent agricultural chemicals from flowing into the ocean near the Great Barrier Reef. Efforts are also being made to protect natural heritage sites in Japan. In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time. 20
A. They may also be home to endangered species.
B. Today there are 183 Natural Heritage sites around the world.
C. People can change these places too, just as the wind and rain can.
D. Natural Heritage is valued for geographical characteristics and beautiful scenery.
E. That’s why measures are being taken around the world to protect them.
F. It can reduce the risk of people accidentally stepping on valuable plants.
G. There are even security guards there who can arrest people that break the rules.
17. _______ 18. _______ 19. _______ 20. _______ 21. _______
第二部分语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中 选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
It was the rush hour, Heather Sante was driving her Mazda with her young daughter and son in the back. Suddenly, a red pickup truck 21 them off. Sante turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda 22 off the road and down an embankment (筑堤) that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet. If the car didn’t 23 , it would fall onto the road some 20 feet below. Then a bit of 24 : As the car raced toward the edge, its undercarriage got 25 on the concrete lip of the embankment, stopping it 26 .
Jacob watched the 27 unfold from the company where he works. Then he and four other men ran to the car. They 28 onto the trunk to balance the weight as the 29 kids in the back seat watched.
30 , Julio and his nephew, Marco, were driving to their jobs nearby. Julio jumped out of the car to help 31 Marco went to the shop, grasped a heavy-duty belt, and returned to the car. He tied the Mazda to a truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers. With the car 32 , the group carefully opened the 33 doors and helped the children out. The men, still on the trunk, 34 Sante to jump into the back seat and then inched out the back door. Finally, the men carefully 35 the car. Everyone was safe.
21. A. cut B. saw C. set D. took
22. A. leaving B. jumping C. sliding D. diving
23. A. move B. end C. stop D. lose
24. A. wisdom B. luck
C. choice D. consideration
25. A. hurt B. changed C. separated D. stuck
26. A. casually B. suddenly C. deliberately D. closely
27. A. scene B. plot C. scenery D. view
28. A. leaped B. escaped C. flowed D. slipped
29. A. amazed B. inspired C. annoyed D. terrified
30. A. Still B. Therefore
C. However D. Meanwhile
31. A. while B. until C. unless D. even if
32. A. repaired B. secured C. cleaned D. deserted
33. A. thick B. narrow C. front D. back
34. A. informed B. ordered C. challenged D. directed
35. A. got off B. turned off C. set up D. turned up
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式。
Pets aren’t just hairy toys for your children. Now it 36_____________(prove) that animals are playing a great role 37 _________________the process of the child’s identity development. It seems to me that there 38________________ (be) some kind of link between pets and kids. Pets can help parents train 39__________(responsible ), compassion, self- confidence and carefulness in children.
Pets often act as a caring family psychotherapist (精神治疗师). Those children who grow up without brothers or sisters sometimes feel lonely, 40_________(especial) when parents are at work or busy with their housework. Children have a chance 41___________(talk)to the pet or share their feelings, which gives them a big 42__________( relieve ) from troubles and worries. The child can treat it to something tasty, hug or just play 43active game. Let your child grow up with a nice and 44_____________(devote ) pet. It doesn’t matter 45________ it’s a dog, a cat or a fish. Everything depends on the type of the child’s temperament (性格）.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华, 准 备于高考结束后暑假去英国旅游。请写一封电子邮件向英 国的SKY国际旅行社询问相关信息。内容包括：
1. 景点咨询；
2. 特色美食；
3. 注意事项。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两 段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, I went back to my hometown, which used to be a beautiful place, with green trees all over the mountains and a small river winding through the whole countryside in mind. I couldn’t wait to see my hometown, which I had always been dreaming of. The mountains, the trees, the river and the people there have always been in my mind these years.
While I was on the way to my hometown, I looked out of the bus window to enjoy the beautiful scenery at the same time. My hometown came nearer and nearer. However, I couldn’t believe something strange came into my eyes： all the trees along the road were gone and lots of sand was blowing in the wind! I wondered if I had taken a wrong bus. In fact, I hadn’t.
The bus finally arrived. I quickly got off, looking around the place I used to live in. Everything had changed! Trees were gone, leaving the bare mountains and a dry river. Seeing this,
I couldn’t help bursting into tears. I rushed onto a mountain, trying to find a single tree there, but I failed. There was nothing but sand. I stood still, lost in thought. In the rest of that day, I could hardly talk. I was just wondering why people cut down all the trees and the river dried up.
It was not until the next day that I had a chance to talk with my grandfather, who had lived there for over eighty years. I expressed my puzzlement to him directly. “Well, ” he said in a sad voice. “Nobody here wants to cut down trees and make the river dry up, if possible. But all of us have no choice!” My grandfather continued, getting a little excited. “As the population grows larger and larger, people need more food to feed themselves. They had to cut down the trees to make room for growing rice to make a living. Besides, people have to channel water into the fields. Day by day, trees were gone and the river dried up. ”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
After I came back from my hometown, it took me a long time to calm down.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nowadays, science and technology is developing rapidly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（历史与社会）。话题：中国古村落。 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四个美丽的中国古村落。
1. B 细节理解题。根据Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang部分中的 “These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences.”可知，在Kanas Tuvas Village能看到外国建筑风格的房子。
2. C 细节理解题。根据 Jiaju Tibetan Village，Danba，Sichuan Province 部分中的 “...make the houses look like little castles among the forest” 可知，在Jiaju Tibetan Village可以欣赏像城堡一样的房子。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “The houses are...on the rock...”，第三段第三句 “These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences.”第四段最后一句中的 make the houses look like little castles 以及最后~'段最后~'句中的 the houses built on stilts of different heights,并结合全文内容可推知，文中提到的 都是民族村落且具有独特的建筑特点。因此选D项。
B
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护动物。本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了阿莉莎教其他人保护和尊重狼，她呼吁人们客观地对待这种动物，不要因为童话故事对它存在偏见。
4. C 细节理解题。根据文章首句中的has spent... to protect and respect animals以及下文所述她喜欢狼并呼吁大家保护狼这一物种可知，阿莉莎在学校中被称为“狼女”，是因为她教其他人 保护和尊重狼。故选C项。
5. B细节理解题。根据文章前两段描述可知，她除了关心狼之外， 还照顾其他的动物，如猫和狗。故选B项。
6. D段落大意题。文章第四段主要讲述了狼被猎杀、被围困或被毒死的事实。人们为了它们的皮毛不断地去猎杀它们，不给它们逃生 的机会，所以该段主要讲述了狼是如何被对待的。故选D项。
7. C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，当人们提到狼的时候往往说“大坏狼”。如果人们把想法建立在事实的基础上，而不是童话故事上，就不会有人想要杀死它们了。因此可推知，阿莉莎 鼓励人们客观地对待狼，看到狼真实的一面。故选C项。
C
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护水资源。本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了 Autumn Peltier作为一位青年环保主义者致力于保护水资源的过程和所取得的成就。这个故事告诉我们，成就是不断努力的结果。
8. A 推理判断题。根据第二段 “When Autumn Peltier was just 8 yearsold，she attended a ceremony at a reservation where she saw a sign warning that the water was poisonous. Growing up on a freshwater island in Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory in Canada, Peltier said she had never experienced poisonous water. The memory of that sign stayed with her. ( Peltier 8 岁那年，她参加了在一个保 护区举行的仪式，在那里她看到了一个上面写着水有毒的警示 牌。Peltier在加拿大Wiikwemkoong的一个淡水岛上长大， 她说她从未经历过有毒的水。这个警示牌的记忆一直伴随着她)”可知，她当时很吃惊，故选A项。
9. C 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Two years later, at the age of 10，Peltier was fighting for water conservation and water rights for everybody. She said she was inspired by her great aunt，Josephine Mandamin...”可知，两年后，10岁的Peltier正在为水资源 保护和每个人的水权而战。她说，她的灵感来自她的姑姑 Josephine Mandamin。由此可知，答案为C项。
10. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Peltier and her friendsbelieve that together they can make a big difference.” 可知，Peltier 和她的朋友们相信，他们在一起对水资源保护起很大作用。 由此可知，Peltier未来期望保护更多的水资源。故选B项。
11. D 推理判断题。本文讲述了 Autumn Peltier作为一位青年环保主义者保护水资源的过程和所取得的成就。她的故事告诉我 们成就是不断努力的结果。故选D项。
D
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（自然生态）。话题：气候变暖改变海洋特征。本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象是因为一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物，在光线反射的作用下，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，而且浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。
12. B 段落大意题。根据第'段 “By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study. ” 可知，一项新的研究表 明，由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第 二段 “At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms...depending on the type and concentration...” 可 知，这种现象是因为一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物，在光 线反射的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的 颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。 由此可推断，这两段主要叙述了海洋颜色变化的原因。故选 B项。
13. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Warming changes keycharacteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特 征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断浮游植物很容易 受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，即浮游植物对海洋变暖“很敏感”(sensitive)。故 A 项正确。
14. D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The model projects that currentlyblue...and these areas will turn greener.” 可知，Dutkiewicz 的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。 但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿。由此可推断，浮游植物 变多的水域可能会变得更绿。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
15. C 目的意图题。由第一段“By the end of the century，if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.” 可知，一项新的研究表明， 由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再结合 第三段中的 “But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Wanning changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,..."可知，浮游植物很容易 受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，气候变暖改变了海洋的关键特征， 并能影响浮游植物的生长。由此可知，本文主要解释气候变 化对海洋的影响。故选C项。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护自然遗址和历史建筑。本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了保护世界自然遗址和历史建筑的重要性。
16. C关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“当没人管的时候，自然遗址和历史建筑可能会慢慢地处于糟糕的状态”以及空格后一 句“出于这些原因，我们必须保护它们”可知，空格处要填的是需要保护自然遗址和历史建筑的一个原因，因此C项“人们也像风和雨一样能改变这些地方”符合行文逻辑。
17. A 词汇锁定法解题。根据空格前一句“They may be places ofnature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country."中的 may be places 可知，A 项中的 may also be 与之相呼应。
18. E 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone.”可知，即使是非常美丽的自然环境，如果它们不被理会，也会处于糟糕的状态。由此推断E项“那就是全世界都在采取措施保护它们的原因”符合行文逻辑。
19. G 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars.” 可知，其目的是保护公园的环境不受汽车尾气的影响。G项“那里甚至 还有保安，他们可以逮捕违反规则的人”是对上文内容的进一步说明。even表达了上下句之间的递进关系。
20. F 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time.”可知，只有一小部分人被允许同时走在Shiretoko 的自然的小路上。F项“这样就可以降低人们不小心踩到有价值的植物的风险”与前文形成因果关系’符合行文逻辑。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自我（生活）。话题：遇险获救。本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Heather Sante开车遇险获救的故事。
21. A上下文语境题。句意：突然，一辆红色的皮卡车插在他们车的前面了。结合下文 turned the wheel hard to the right 可推知， 一辆皮卡车插在他们的车前面，把他们与前面隔开了（cut off)。故选A项。see sb. off “为某人送行” ；set off “动身”； take off “脱掉，（飞机）起飞”。
22. C 上下文语境题。结合上文turned the wheel hard to the right和下文and down an embankment可知，刹车太猛，车滑（slide ) 出了路，沿着一条堤岸滑下，故选C项。leave“离开” ；jump “跳” ；dive “潜水”。
23. C 下文语境题。结合下文 it would fall onto the road some 20 feet below可知，如果车不停下来（stop)，它会落到20英尺以下 的路上，故选C项。
24. B上下文语境题。结合上下文文意，车的底盘卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，停了下来，可知这是“有一点点运气(luck)",故选B项。
25. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，车的底盘卡（stick)在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，故选D项。
26. B上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，车的底盘卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，所以才会突然地（suddenly )停了下来。故选B项。
27. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，Jacob目睹了这一幕(scene)的发生，故选A项。
28. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，他们跳（leap)上后备箱来平衡重量。故选A项。
29. D上下文语境题。结合上文可知，车卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，随时会掉下去，孩子们应该很害怕（terrified)，故选D项。
30. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，与此同时（meanwhile)其他人也开始援助，故选D项。
31. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，“一个人……同时（while)另一个人……”，故选A项。
32. B 上文语境题。结合上文 “He tied the Mazda to a truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers.” 可知，他们把 绑在一辆卡车上，确保车安全（secure)，故选B项。
33. D 下文语境题。结合下文helped the children out可知，打开后(back )车门，让孩子们出来，故选D项。
34. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，他们指导（direct) Sante从车的前座跳到车的后座，故选D项。
35. A 上下文语境题。结合下文“Everyone was safe.”可知，最终，他们小心地从车上下来（get off)，故选A项。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自然（人与动物）。话题：养宠物的作用。 本文是一篇议论文。宠物在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。宠物可以帮助父母培养孩子的责任感、同情心、自信和认真的品质，它扮演着精神治疗师的角色。
36. is proved 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，且与prove之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；且根据时间状语now可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is proved。
37. in 考查固定搭配。play a role in意为“在......方面起作用；扮演……角色”，为固定搭配。故填in。
38. is考查主谓一致。空格处所在句是there be句型，该句的主语是 “some kind of link”，所以be动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
39. responsibility 考查词性变化。根据空格后的compassion, self-confidence and carefulness可知，空格处应用名词作动词train的宾语of 故填 responsibility。
40. especially考查词性变化。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式。
41. to talk 考查非谓语动词。have a chance to do sth.为固定用法，意为“有机会做某事”。故填to talk。
42. relief考查词性变化。根据空格前的a big可知，此处应填单数可数名词，指很大的安慰。故填relief。
43. an考查冠词。此处指做游戏，应用不定冠词表示泛指；且active 的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。
44. devoted考查词性变化。根据空格前的nice and可知，此处应用 devote的形容词形式修饰名词pet。devoted意为“忠诚的”，符合语境。故填devoted。
45. whether考查连词。句意:不管它是一只狗、一只猫还是一条鱼， 这都没关系。whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，是固定用 法。故填whether。
第一节 One possible version ：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m writing to ask for some information about the tour to the UK for my summer vacation. Would you please do me a favor
I know that SKY travel agency is experienced in arranging the tour for the customers. Therefore, I’d like to expect you to provide some suggestions on the famous places of interest in the UK. What’s more,
I also want to know some details about the typical English food there. In the meanwhile，what other things，like transportation or safety，should I be aware of
I need your help eagerly.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 One possible version:
After I came back from my hometown, it took me a long time to calm down. I still couldn’t believe people in my hometown would do such foolish things! I decided to do something to raise awareness of protecting the earth. From then on, I often went to the library to read newspapers or surf the Internet to look for some good methods of improving living environment. I often talked to my classmates，friends and relatives about our earth, exchanging my opinions with them. In fact, most of them realize the importance of protection in mind.
Nowadays, science and technology is developing rapidly. People’s living conditions have been improved a lot, but I do think people’s awareness of protecting environment should be enhanced at the same time. We must be aware of the fact that our beautiful environment is being destroyed and if we don’t take effective measures to stop it, all of us will lose the chance to live on the earth one day. All of us have a duty to protect our environment to make the world a better place.
12 / 18
第一部分 阅读
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.
Baoshan Stone Village, Yunnan Province
Baoshan Stone Village was built on a huge mushroomshaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces (梯田）；you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic (民族的） group there.
Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang
Kanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunters. You can visit a local family, go herding with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.
Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan Province
Jiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red caves, and white walls, which make the houses look like little castles among the forest.
Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou Province
If you, re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Miao village in China, and now has 1, 432 households with a population of over 6, 000, of which 99. 5% are Miao ethnic group. It’s also famous for the houses built on stilts (支柱)of different heights.
1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village
A. Hike in terraces.
B. See houses of a foreign style.
C. Go hunting with the locals.
D. Learn about houses built on stilts.
2. Where can you admire the houses like castles
A. In Baoshan Stone Village.
B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.
C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.
D. In Xijiang Miao Village.
3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text
A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.
B. They were originally built to defend their homeland.
C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.
D. They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.
B
Known as “wolf girl” at her West Warwick, R. I. school, Alyssa Grayson has spent much of her young life teaching others to protect and respect animals. After starting a wolf club in the second grade, Alyssa learned all she could about her favorite animals. Today, she gives presentations about protecting wolves at libraries and schools—she, s even spoken at a university. In fact, she, s become such a wolf expert that she was appointed as the first junior advisor to the National Wolfwatcher Coalition.
When she’s not teaching others about wolves, Alyssa can be found volunteering at her local animal shelter, taking care of dogs and cats. She’s also trained as a citizen scientist for Frog Watch USA. In short, Alyssa Grayson proves that you are never too young to make a difference for animals.
When asked how she got interested in saving wolves, Alyssa says, “I’ve loved wolves since I saw them in a movie when I was 2 or 3 years old. Then one day I saw a commercial about wolf hunting. I asked my mother why people did this, and she told me because people didn’t like wolves. I decided from then on that I wanted to save wolves. ”
Today, wolves are hunted, trapped, or poisoned. Hunters chase wolves for miles in an airplane until the wolves are too exhausted to run anymore. Then they shoot them. The animal doesn’t have a chance to escape. Animals are also trapped for their fur. They are left to suffer in a trap with no food, water, or shelter. Alyssa thinks the fur looks better on the animal in the wild, where it’s meant to be, than on a human.
Alyssa believes wolves are important to our worlds. She says, “Wolves are an apex predator, which means they are at the top of the food chain. Removing them from the ecosystem is a big mistake. The ecosystem is like a chain of dominoes (多米诺骨牌)—with the apex predator as the one in front. If you were to knock down that domino, the rest of the chain would go down too. ”
People usually think of “the Big Bad Wolf” when they hear about wolves. However, Alyssa says, “If they would base their thoughts on facts, not fairy tales, we wouldn’t have people wanting to kill wolves. ”
4. Why is Alyssa known as “wolf girl” at her school
A. She keeps wolves as pets.
B. She was raised by wolves.
C. She does a lot to protect wolves.
D. She started a wolf club at her school.
5. What can we learn according to the first two paragraphs
A. Alyssa gained knowledge about wolves at libraries.
B. Alyssa cares about other animals besides wolves.
C. Alyssa has started to give presentations since the second grade.
D. Alyssa is the first junior citizen scientist for FrogWatch USA.
6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why wolves are killed.
B. Why wolves are trapped.
C. The tools used to hunt wolves.
D. How wolves are treated.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Alyssa doesn’t need fairy tales.
B. Alyssa doesn’t believe in fairy tales.
C. Alyssa encourages people to find out the facts about wolves.
D. Alyssa believes that more people will work to save wolves.
C
Autumn Peltier is a youth environmentalist who has inspired thousands of students to walk out of class and demand action on climate change.
When Autumn Peltier was just 8 years old, she attended a ceremony at a reservation where she saw a sign warning that the water was poisonous. Growing up on a freshwater island in Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory in Canada, Peltier said she had never experienced poisonous water. The memory of that sign stayed with her.
Two years later, at the age of 10, Peltier was fighting for water conservation and water rights for everybody. She said she was inspired by her great aunt, Josephine Mandamin, a well-known activist who walked the shores of all five Great Lakes to raise awareness for water conservation.
When she was 12 in 2015, Peltier met Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, telling him she was unhappy with his policies on debating pipeline projects. Trudeau promised her he would preserve the water. Since 2015, 87 long-term water advisories in Canada have been lifted; 56 water advisories remain.
At middle school, Peltier joined an environmental group at her school and later co-founded the Canadian Youth Water Strike—a Canadian branch of the international movement to conserve water.
Last year, Peltier spoke at the UN about the importance of water conservation and water access, explaining the fundamental role water plays in her culture.
“Many people don’t think water is alive or has a spirit. My people believe this to be true. . . We believe our water is precious because we are bom of water. ”
After the speech at the UN, Peltier is joined by a group of teenagers who share similar thoughts. Her friends include Greta Thunberg, a Swedish girl who drew the world attention through the talk at World Economic Forum at Davos, Bruno Rodriguez, an Argentinian boy who joined in the UN Climate Summit, and Mari Copeny, an American girl who is dedicated to the cause of saving water. Peltier and her friends believe that together they can make a big difference.
Undoubtedly, Peltier’s many years of hard work has paid off. She has greatly raised people’s awareness of water conservation and taught people to take specific actions to conserve water.
That’s an impressive list of accomplishments for anyone, let alone a middle schooler.
8. How did Peltier feel about the poisonous water when she was 8
A. Shocked. B. Interested. C. Excited. D. Bored.
9. Who influenced Peltier to start water conservation
A. UN officials.
B. Trudeau.
C. Mandamin.
D. Thunberg.
10. What does Peltier expect to do in the future
A. To make more friends.
B. To protect more water.
C. To attend more summits.
D. To organize more strikes.
11. What can we learn from Autumn Peltier’s story
A. World leaders can contribute to success.
B. Environment is Canadians’ major concern.
C. Fame comes from attending great summits.
D. Achievements result from continuous effort.
D
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物）called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3C, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a wanning will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”
12. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
13. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Sensitive.
B. Beneficial.
C. Significant.
D. Unnoticeable.
14. What can we learn from the passage
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener
15. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural sites and historic buildings, when left alone, can slowly be in bad condition.
16 For these reasons we must protect them.
“World Heritage” is the title given to places chosen from natural sites and historic buildings around the world. These places are considered special, valuable and require protection. They may be places of nature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country. 17 Each is a treasure of our planet that must be protected for us and our future generations.
Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone. 18 For instance, the Galapagos Islands are now protected by rules that stop people from bringing or removing plants and animals to or from the islands, moving rocks and touching the animals. In the US, people are not allowed to visit Grand Canyon National Park by vehicle. It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars. 19 Australia is making stricter laws to prevent agricultural chemicals from flowing into the ocean near the Great Barrier Reef. Efforts are also being made to protect natural heritage sites in Japan. In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time. 20
A. They may also be home to endangered species.
B. Today there are 183 Natural Heritage sites around the world.
C. People can change these places too, just as the wind and rain can.
D. Natural Heritage is valued for geographical characteristics and beautiful scenery.
E. That’s why measures are being taken around the world to protect them.
F. It can reduce the risk of people accidentally stepping on valuable plants.
G. There are even security guards there who can arrest people that break the rules.
17. _______ 18. _______ 19. _______ 20. _______ 21. _______
第二部分语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中 选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
It was the rush hour, Heather Sante was driving her Mazda with her young daughter and son in the back. Suddenly, a red pickup truck 21 them off. Sante turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda 22 off the road and down an embankment (筑堤) that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet. If the car didn’t 23 , it would fall onto the road some 20 feet below. Then a bit of 24 : As the car raced toward the edge, its undercarriage got 25 on the concrete lip of the embankment, stopping it 26 .
Jacob watched the 27 unfold from the company where he works. Then he and four other men ran to the car. They 28 onto the trunk to balance the weight as the 29 kids in the back seat watched.
30 , Julio and his nephew, Marco, were driving to their jobs nearby. Julio jumped out of the car to help 31 Marco went to the shop, grasped a heavy-duty belt, and returned to the car. He tied the Mazda to a truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers. With the car 32 , the group carefully opened the 33 doors and helped the children out. The men, still on the trunk, 34 Sante to jump into the back seat and then inched out the back door. Finally, the men carefully 35 the car. Everyone was safe.
21. A. cut B. saw C. set D. took
22. A. leaving B. jumping C. sliding D. diving
23. A. move B. end C. stop D. lose
24. A. wisdom B. luck
C. choice D. consideration
25. A. hurt B. changed C. separated D. stuck
26. A. casually B. suddenly C. deliberately D. closely
27. A. scene B. plot C. scenery D. view
28. A. leaped B. escaped C. flowed D. slipped
29. A. amazed B. inspired C. annoyed D. terrified
30. A. Still B. Therefore
C. However D. Meanwhile
31. A. while B. until C. unless D. even if
32. A. repaired B. secured C. cleaned D. deserted
33. A. thick B. narrow C. front D. back
34. A. informed B. ordered C. challenged D. directed
35. A. got off B. turned off C. set up D. turned up
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式。
Pets aren’t just hairy toys for your children. Now it 36_____________(prove) that animals are playing a great role 37 _________________the process of the child’s identity development. It seems to me that there 38________________ (be) some kind of link between pets and kids. Pets can help parents train 39__________(responsible ), compassion, self- confidence and carefulness in children.
Pets often act as a caring family psychotherapist (精神治疗师). Those children who grow up without brothers or sisters sometimes feel lonely, 40_________(especial) when parents are at work or busy with their housework. Children have a chance 41___________(talk)to the pet or share their feelings, which gives them a big 42__________( relieve ) from troubles and worries. The child can treat it to something tasty, hug or just play 43active game. Let your child grow up with a nice and 44_____________(devote ) pet. It doesn’t matter 45________ it’s a dog, a cat or a fish. Everything depends on the type of the child’s temperament (性格）.
第三部分 写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华, 准 备于高考结束后暑假去英国旅游。请写一封电子邮件向英 国的SKY国际旅行社询问相关信息。内容包括：
1. 景点咨询；
2. 特色美食；
3. 注意事项。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两 段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last week, I went back to my hometown, which used to be a beautiful place, with green trees all over the mountains and a small river winding through the whole countryside in mind. I couldn’t wait to see my hometown, which I had always been dreaming of. The mountains, the trees, the river and the people there have always been in my mind these years.
While I was on the way to my hometown, I looked out of the bus window to enjoy the beautiful scenery at the same time. My hometown came nearer and nearer. However, I couldn’t believe something strange came into my eyes： all the trees along the road were gone and lots of sand was blowing in the wind! I wondered if I had taken a wrong bus. In fact, I hadn’t.
The bus finally arrived. I quickly got off, looking around the place I used to live in. Everything had changed! Trees were gone, leaving the bare mountains and a dry river. Seeing this,
I couldn’t help bursting into tears. I rushed onto a mountain, trying to find a single tree there, but I failed. There was nothing but sand. I stood still, lost in thought. In the rest of that day, I could hardly talk. I was just wondering why people cut down all the trees and the river dried up.
It was not until the next day that I had a chance to talk with my grandfather, who had lived there for over eighty years. I expressed my puzzlement to him directly. “Well, ” he said in a sad voice. “Nobody here wants to cut down trees and make the river dry up, if possible. But all of us have no choice!” My grandfather continued, getting a little excited. “As the population grows larger and larger, people need more food to feed themselves. They had to cut down the trees to make room for growing rice to make a living. Besides, people have to channel water into the fields. Day by day, trees were gone and the river dried up. ”
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
After I came back from my hometown, it took me a long time to calm down.
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Nowadays, science and technology is developing rapidly.
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参考答案及解析
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（历史与社会）。话题：中国古村落。 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了四个美丽的中国古村落。
1. B 细节理解题。根据Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang部分中的 “These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences.”可知，在Kanas Tuvas Village能看到外国建筑风格的房子。
2. C 细节理解题。根据 Jiaju Tibetan Village，Danba，Sichuan Province 部分中的 “...make the houses look like little castles among the forest” 可知，在Jiaju Tibetan Village可以欣赏像城堡一样的房子。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “The houses are...on the rock...”，第三段第三句 “These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences.”第四段最后一句中的 make the houses look like little castles 以及最后~'段最后~'句中的 the houses built on stilts of different heights,并结合全文内容可推知，文中提到的 都是民族村落且具有独特的建筑特点。因此选D项。
B
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护动物。本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了阿莉莎教其他人保护和尊重狼，她呼吁人们客观地对待这种动物，不要因为童话故事对它存在偏见。
4. C 细节理解题。根据文章首句中的has spent... to protect and respect animals以及下文所述她喜欢狼并呼吁大家保护狼这一物种可知，阿莉莎在学校中被称为“狼女”，是因为她教其他人 保护和尊重狼。故选C项。
5. B细节理解题。根据文章前两段描述可知，她除了关心狼之外， 还照顾其他的动物，如猫和狗。故选B项。
6. D段落大意题。文章第四段主要讲述了狼被猎杀、被围困或被毒死的事实。人们为了它们的皮毛不断地去猎杀它们，不给它们逃生 的机会，所以该段主要讲述了狼是如何被对待的。故选D项。
7. C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，当人们提到狼的时候往往说“大坏狼”。如果人们把想法建立在事实的基础上，而不是童话故事上，就不会有人想要杀死它们了。因此可推知，阿莉莎 鼓励人们客观地对待狼，看到狼真实的一面。故选C项。
C
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护水资源。本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了 Autumn Peltier作为一位青年环保主义者致力于保护水资源的过程和所取得的成就。这个故事告诉我们，成就是不断努力的结果。
8. A 推理判断题。根据第二段 “When Autumn Peltier was just 8 yearsold，she attended a ceremony at a reservation where she saw a sign warning that the water was poisonous. Growing up on a freshwater island in Wiikwemkoong Unceded Territory in Canada, Peltier said she had never experienced poisonous water. The memory of that sign stayed with her. ( Peltier 8 岁那年，她参加了在一个保 护区举行的仪式，在那里她看到了一个上面写着水有毒的警示 牌。Peltier在加拿大Wiikwemkoong的一个淡水岛上长大， 她说她从未经历过有毒的水。这个警示牌的记忆一直伴随着她)”可知，她当时很吃惊，故选A项。
9. C 细节理解题。根据第三段 “Two years later, at the age of 10，Peltier was fighting for water conservation and water rights for everybody. She said she was inspired by her great aunt，Josephine Mandamin...”可知，两年后，10岁的Peltier正在为水资源 保护和每个人的水权而战。她说，她的灵感来自她的姑姑 Josephine Mandamin。由此可知，答案为C项。
10. B 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Peltier and her friendsbelieve that together they can make a big difference.” 可知，Peltier 和她的朋友们相信，他们在一起对水资源保护起很大作用。 由此可知，Peltier未来期望保护更多的水资源。故选B项。
11. D 推理判断题。本文讲述了 Autumn Peltier作为一位青年环保主义者保护水资源的过程和所取得的成就。她的故事告诉我 们成就是不断努力的结果。故选D项。
D
【语篇解读】主题：人与自然（自然生态）。话题：气候变暖改变海洋特征。本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象是因为一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物，在光线反射的作用下，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，而且浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。
12. B 段落大意题。根据第'段 “By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study. ” 可知，一项新的研究表 明，由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第 二段 “At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms...depending on the type and concentration...” 可 知，这种现象是因为一种叫作浮游植物的海洋微生物，在光 线反射的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的 颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。 由此可推断，这两段主要叙述了海洋颜色变化的原因。故选 B项。
13. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Warming changes keycharacteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特 征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断浮游植物很容易 受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，即浮游植物对海洋变暖“很敏感”(sensitive)。故 A 项正确。
14. D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The model projects that currentlyblue...and these areas will turn greener.” 可知，Dutkiewicz 的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。 但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿。由此可推断，浮游植物 变多的水域可能会变得更绿。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
15. C 目的意图题。由第一段“By the end of the century，if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.” 可知，一项新的研究表明， 由于气候变暖，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再结合 第三段中的 “But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Wanning changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,..."可知，浮游植物很容易 受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，气候变暖改变了海洋的关键特征， 并能影响浮游植物的生长。由此可知，本文主要解释气候变 化对海洋的影响。故选C项。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自然（环境保护）。话题：保护自然遗址和历史建筑。本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了保护世界自然遗址和历史建筑的重要性。
16. C关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“当没人管的时候，自然遗址和历史建筑可能会慢慢地处于糟糕的状态”以及空格后一 句“出于这些原因，我们必须保护它们”可知，空格处要填的是需要保护自然遗址和历史建筑的一个原因，因此C项“人们也像风和雨一样能改变这些地方”符合行文逻辑。
17. A 词汇锁定法解题。根据空格前一句“They may be places ofnature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country."中的 may be places 可知，A 项中的 may also be 与之相呼应。
18. E 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone.”可知，即使是非常美丽的自然环境，如果它们不被理会，也会处于糟糕的状态。由此推断E项“那就是全世界都在采取措施保护它们的原因”符合行文逻辑。
19. G 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars.” 可知，其目的是保护公园的环境不受汽车尾气的影响。G项“那里甚至 还有保安，他们可以逮捕违反规则的人”是对上文内容的进一步说明。even表达了上下句之间的递进关系。
20. F 关联逻辑法解题。根据空格前一句“In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time.”可知，只有一小部分人被允许同时走在Shiretoko 的自然的小路上。F项“这样就可以降低人们不小心踩到有价值的植物的风险”与前文形成因果关系’符合行文逻辑。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自我（生活）。话题：遇险获救。本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Heather Sante开车遇险获救的故事。
21. A上下文语境题。句意：突然，一辆红色的皮卡车插在他们车的前面了。结合下文 turned the wheel hard to the right 可推知， 一辆皮卡车插在他们的车前面，把他们与前面隔开了（cut off)。故选A项。see sb. off “为某人送行” ；set off “动身”； take off “脱掉，（飞机）起飞”。
22. C 上下文语境题。结合上文turned the wheel hard to the right和下文and down an embankment可知，刹车太猛，车滑（slide ) 出了路，沿着一条堤岸滑下，故选C项。leave“离开” ；jump “跳” ；dive “潜水”。
23. C 下文语境题。结合下文 it would fall onto the road some 20 feet below可知，如果车不停下来（stop)，它会落到20英尺以下 的路上，故选C项。
24. B上下文语境题。结合上下文文意，车的底盘卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，停了下来，可知这是“有一点点运气(luck)",故选B项。
25. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，车的底盘卡（stick)在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，故选D项。
26. B上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，车的底盘卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，所以才会突然地（suddenly )停了下来。故选B项。
27. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，Jacob目睹了这一幕(scene)的发生，故选A项。
28. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，他们跳（leap)上后备箱来平衡重量。故选A项。
29. D上下文语境题。结合上文可知，车卡在堤岸混凝土的边缘上，随时会掉下去，孩子们应该很害怕（terrified)，故选D项。
30. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，与此同时（meanwhile)其他人也开始援助，故选D项。
31. A上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，“一个人……同时（while)另一个人……”，故选A项。
32. B 上文语境题。结合上文 “He tied the Mazda to a truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers.” 可知，他们把 绑在一辆卡车上，确保车安全（secure)，故选B项。
33. D 下文语境题。结合下文helped the children out可知，打开后(back )车门，让孩子们出来，故选D项。
34. D上下文语境题。结合上下文可知，他们指导（direct) Sante从车的前座跳到车的后座，故选D项。
35. A 上下文语境题。结合下文“Everyone was safe.”可知，最终，他们小心地从车上下来（get off)，故选A项。
[语篇解读]主题：人与自然（人与动物）。话题：养宠物的作用。 本文是一篇议论文。宠物在孩子的成长过程中起着重要的作用。宠物可以帮助父母培养孩子的责任感、同情心、自信和认真的品质，它扮演着精神治疗师的角色。
36. is proved 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，且与prove之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；且根据时间状语now可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is proved。
37. in 考查固定搭配。play a role in意为“在......方面起作用；扮演……角色”，为固定搭配。故填in。
38. is考查主谓一致。空格处所在句是there be句型，该句的主语是 “some kind of link”，所以be动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
39. responsibility 考查词性变化。根据空格后的compassion, self-confidence and carefulness可知，空格处应用名词作动词train的宾语of 故填 responsibility。
40. especially考查词性变化。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用副词形式。
41. to talk 考查非谓语动词。have a chance to do sth.为固定用法，意为“有机会做某事”。故填to talk。
42. relief考查词性变化。根据空格前的a big可知，此处应填单数可数名词，指很大的安慰。故填relief。
43. an考查冠词。此处指做游戏，应用不定冠词表示泛指；且active 的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。
44. devoted考查词性变化。根据空格前的nice and可知，此处应用 devote的形容词形式修饰名词pet。devoted意为“忠诚的”，符合语境。故填devoted。
45. whether考查连词。句意:不管它是一只狗、一只猫还是一条鱼， 这都没关系。whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，是固定用 法。故填whether。
第一节 One possible version ：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m writing to ask for some information about the tour to the UK for my summer vacation. Would you please do me a favor
I know that SKY travel agency is experienced in arranging the tour for the customers. Therefore, I’d like to expect you to provide some suggestions on the famous places of interest in the UK. What’s more,
I also want to know some details about the typical English food there. In the meanwhile，what other things，like transportation or safety，should I be aware of
I need your help eagerly.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 One possible version:
After I came back from my hometown, it took me a long time to calm down. I still couldn’t believe people in my hometown would do such foolish things! I decided to do something to raise awareness of protecting the earth. From then on, I often went to the library to read newspapers or surf the Internet to look for some good methods of improving living environment. I often talked to my classmates，friends and relatives about our earth, exchanging my opinions with them. In fact, most of them realize the importance of protection in mind.
Nowadays, science and technology is developing rapidly. People’s living conditions have been improved a lot, but I do think people’s awareness of protecting environment should be enhanced at the same time. We must be aware of the fact that our beautiful environment is being destroyed and if we don’t take effective measures to stop it, all of us will lose the chance to live on the earth one day. All of us have a duty to protect our environment to make the world a better place.
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