高中英语 必修二（人教2019版）Unit 2 Wildlife protection 巩固基础练习 语法填空 专项训练（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 高中英语 必修二（人教2019版）Unit 2 Wildlife protection 巩固基础练习 语法填空 专项训练（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 35.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-04 09:54:59 | ||
图片预览
内容文字预览
高中英语 必修二（人教2019版）
第二单元 巩固基础练习 语法填空 专项训练
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Oysters, soft-bodied animals without skeletons, are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life. They are food ____1____ crabs and other animals. As new oysters grow, they attach their shells to older ones, ____2____ (form) bigger reefs with many small spaces ____3____ other animals live. Oysters eat algae (藻类). If algae grow too fast, they can exhaust oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen ____4____ (breath)!
Because so many animals depend on them, oysters are called a keystone species. If a keystone species ____5____(disappear), other plants and animals may die off and not grow back.
That’s ____6____ (exact) what happened 100 years ago in New York Harbor—a group of rivers and bays around New York City. Before then, lots of oysters lived in these waters. The oysters were famous! They ____7____ (ship) to restaurants around the world. The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.
The oysters were in trouble for ____8____ reason. Pollution was pouring into the waters of the growing city. The harbor became so ____9____ (pollute) that few types of animals could live in it. Since the 1970s, new laws _____10_____ (help) reduce toxic waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the 1970s, people who managed ponds in America had a problem____11____plants and snails in the water.____12____(control) the pests, the managers brought four species of carp, a type of fish, from Asia. But some of the fish____13____(escape) into rivers and other waterways. Soon, there were lots of fish. And they became troublesome invasive species. These non-native fish can bully ecosystems, quickly taking over.____14____(grow) fast and big, they ate lots of the food on which the native fish would normally depend.
语法填空
I am a nature photographer and have to brave the elements. But despite the wind and the rain I still enjoy working outside in____15____ wild. I can observe animals in their____16____(nature) environment. My favorite place_____17_____(take) photos is Yellowstone National Park, ______18______is famous for the variety of its wildlife but is probably best known for ____19____(it) bears._____20_____(weigh) up to 300 kilograms, the bears can run at about 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring I followed a path through dark forest. I ___21___(enjoy) the breathtaking view when I felt I was being watched. Slowly I turned and _____22_____(freeze). Only metres away was a bear, with water____23____(fall) off its hair. Though I was very frightened, I pressed the button. A second later, the bear ran back into the forest and I got a photo of it. I realized that it is we who are the visitors ____24____their world.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As our cities spread, we need ____25____ (think) about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours. Because cities ____26____ (build) for humans, they do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife. For example, most city parks are kept neat ____27____ tidy so that humans will find them ____28____ (beauty). But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
Our ____29____ (action) sometimes help other species. When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers ____30____ (add) small gaps running along the ____31____ (long) of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. ____32____ first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of ____33____ (they). Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are ____34____ tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
语法填空
The 1975 film Jaws described a scene where a woman swimming in a dark sea ___35___(attack) by a great white shark and finally was eaten by it, which made people consider the great white shark as ___36___ dangerous animal.
Being ___37___(scared) of sharks than ever, some people started fishing for sharks, ___38___(kill) as many as they could. As a result, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly. ___39___(fin) is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and ___40___(painful). Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
In 1980, Benchley, the man ___41___ wrote the book the film Jaws was based on, was diving when he came across an awful sight. The sea floor was covered with dead sharks because of finning. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought ___42___(protect) sharks. ___43___(expert) have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only a few people are killed by sharks every year.
Fortunately, some people began to protect sharks. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them _____44_____ extinction.
语法填空
Polar bears are undergoing hunger in a world ____45____ (warm) than ever before.
Polar bears live in the environment too cold for most animals. For most of the year, they live and hunt on Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared ____46____ (they) for the cold conditions. But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger ____47____ threatens their only home.
Polar bears’ world is melting. Studies show that polar ice ____48____ (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. Now about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic. Polar bears depend ____49____ sea ice for their ____50____ (survive). “Sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk over,” says Andrew Derocher, ____51____ scientist who studies North American polar bear populations. “Without it, they can’t exist.”
____52____ (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world, the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time ____53____ (hunt). Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not _____54_____ (active) hunting.
语法填空
Many animals migrate at certain times of the year for various reasons. Of all the mass____55____(migrate), that of the North American monarch butterflies is one of the most wonderful. Every autumn, they begin___56___long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way _____57_____California or Mexico, where they will spend the winter. Scientists have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day and use its eyes ____58____(measure) the position of the sun,____59____ allows the butterfly to determine the way to go.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble, and its population ____60____(crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Human activity is the main reason. In many of the places where the butterfly can _____61_____(find), people are destroying the natural environment by ____62____(cut) down trees and using chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat. ____63____(fortunate), people have been aware of the problem and working together to protect butterflies. The more we know about the butterflies, the _______64_______(great) the chance they will survive.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being curious about birds has let many people take up bird-watching in Shanghai. Many take it as ____65____opportunity to spend time outdoors and get close to nature.
The most careful bird-watchers are usually equipped with binoculars(望远镜) and smart phones, and travel long distances and spend hours in shoals(浅滩) in Nanhui or Chongming ____66____ (observe) a new bird. Tens of ____67____ (studio) provide such public events ____68____ (regular).
More than 430 types of birds, about one-third of the total bird numbers in China, can ____69____ (see) in Shanghai. Most of birds in the city are migratory (迁徙的), ____70____ (pass) by the southeastern tip of the city.
The eastern shoals of Nanhui and Chongming,____71____ the Yangtze River meets the East China Sea, are very ____72____ (significance) for migratory birds, because they stop to find food in spring and autumn while traveling between North and East Asia and Australia or Southeast Asia. The growing interest ____73____ bird-watching in Shanghai _____74_____ (play) an effective role in environmental protection now.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not sure ______75______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _____76_____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the
____77____(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _____78_____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____79_____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ____80____(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____81____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _____82_____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _____83_____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _____84_____ (stay)and watch.
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable creatures across the globe. Lately China has announced the formal establishment of its first five national parks, among ____85____ Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) is located in Central China spreading across Sichuan, Ningxia and Shaanxi. Once completed, the new national park will include sixty-seven ___86___ (exist) panda reserves.
GPNP has ___87___ population of around 1,800 giant pandas, which accounts ___88___ over 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Connecting these reserves will allow pandas to travel between the different areas and hopefully crossbreed (杂交繁育) and ___89___ (strength) the panda population.
The ___90___ (combine) of these panda reserves is an enthusiastic commitment by the Chinese government ___91___ (protect) these extraordinary animals. The good news is that there is evidence ___92___ the population appears to be growing. Recently the International Union for Conservation of Nature ___93___ (upgrade) the species from endangered to threatened. Although this improvement is _____94_____ (true) positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My wife Laura and I were walking on the beach ___95___ three of our children when we saw a bear. Just a few minutes later, I ___96___ (hear) my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” A bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one, however, behaved abnormally, ___97___ (probable) because of hunger.
The bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and I found ___98___ (I) supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long. However, I was all that stood between the bear and my family, ___99___ would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear. I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest. Clearly ___100___ (satisfy) that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, ___101___ (destroy)a fence as it went. My arm ___102___ (injure), but the result for us could hardly have been ___103___ (good).I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when fear could have led ____104____ a very different result.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies ___105___ (begin) a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists ___106___ (lead) by Professor Eli Shlizerman has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. ___107___ uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of information allow the butterfly ___108___ (determine) the way to go. Finally, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
___109___ (sad), human activity is the main reason ___110___ the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the ___111___ (nature) environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
The research on the monarch’s behaviour has however led to a greater ___112___ (aware) of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed ___113___ . If this works, there may come a time when ____114____ number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate change is already affecting wildlife all over the world, but certain species are suffering more than others. Polar animals ____115____ icy natural habitat is melting in the warmer temperatures are ____116____ (particular) at risk. In fact, experts believe that the Arctic sea ice is melting at a shocking rate — 9% per decade! Polar bears need sea ice to be able to hunt, raise their young and as places to rest after long periods of swimming. Certain seal species, like ringed seals (环斑海豹), make ____117____ (cave) in the snow and ice to raise their pups, feed and mate.
It's not just polar animals that are in trouble. Apes like orangutans, which live in the rainforests of Indonesia, are ____118____ threat as their habitat ____119____ (cut) down, and more droughts cause more bushfires.
Sea turtles (海龟) rely on nesting beaches ____120____ (lay) their eggs, many of which are threatened by rising sea levels. Did you know that the temperature of nests ____121____ (determine) whether the eggs are male or female Unfortunately, with temperatures on the rise, this could mean that more females are born than males, ____122____ (threaten) future turtle populations.
Climate change won't just affect animals; it's already having ____123____ impact on people, too. Most _____124_____ (affect) people are some of the people who grow the food we eat every day. Farming communities, especially in developing countries, are facing higher temperatures, increased rain, floods and droughts.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___125___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___126___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ___127___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___128___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___129___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___130___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___131___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___132___(high) than they actually are. Of ___133___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____134____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently Australia has listed the koala as an endangered species across most of ___135___ (it) east coast, after a dramatic decline in numbers because ___136___ land clearing, bushfires, drought, disease and other threats. The federal government has been urged to do more ___137___ (protect) koalas from rapidly decreasing habitats and climate change.
“This listing adds priority when it comes to the ___138___ (conserve) of the koala,” Environment Minister said on Friday. She said officials were designing a recovery plan, and land development application would now be assessed for impacts on the species.
Last year, a New South Wales survey found koalas would be extinct there by 2050 ___139___ there was urgent action. It estimated that the Black Summer bushfires of 2019-2020 had killed 5,000 koalas and affected 24% of habitats in New South Wales alone.
“Koalas have gone from no-listing to vulnerable (易危物种) to endangered within a decade. That is a ___140___ (shocking) fast decline,” said a scientist. “Today’s decision is welcome, but it won’t stop koalas ___141___ (slide) towards extinction unless it ___142___ (accompany) by stronger laws.”
Scientists warn that climate change will also ___143___ (worse) bushfires and drought, and reduce ___144___ quality of koalas’ eucalyptus (桉树) leaf diet.
Koalas are also found in South Australia and Victoria but their numbers are on the decrease nationally, according to protection groups.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. In fact, we are ____145____ used to them that we may even take them for granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us.
So far, nature ____146____ (inspire) many of the most fascinating designs around us, ____147____ (include) those in architecture. From Barcelona’s forest-like Sagrada Familia to the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube, nature is presented in various architectural ____148____ (design). Today, architects continue to explore ways ____149____ (capture) the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. ____150____ (shape) like a lotus flower, Singapore’s Art Science Museum appears to float above the water that surrounds it. Visitors are often ____151____ (amaze) to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in ____152____ (close) harmony with our environment than before. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be ____153____ challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us _____154_____ to achieve this.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ____155____（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____156____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ____157____ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____158____ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ____159____ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ____160____ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ____161____ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ____162____ (start) a soil-testing program ____163____ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while _____164_____ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
World Animal Day is an international day with the purpose of awakening people's love for animals. China ____165____ (mark) World Animal Day nationwide since 1997. A report issued by the World Wildlife Fund on September 10th ____166____ (show) that the natural environment had been severely damaged. From 1970 to 2016, the global wild species population decreased by two-thirds on average. Now we should think ____167____ we can help our friends animals. After all, to save them means to save ourselves.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lions，tigers and other animals are staying awake at night___168___（avoid）human beings，a new study finds．
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature．Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away___169___people．By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time___170___（look）for food．
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can___171___（fright）animals and cause them to become more active at night．__172__had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil．Researchers compared___173___（careful）how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming．__174__was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night．Results__175__（publish）in the journal Science two months ago．
The new findings are___176___（usual）because no one else has looked at it in such detail before Ecologist Marlee Tucker was___177___（surprise）that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat．
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Malaindrano is a giant baobab (猴面包树) tree that is hollowed out (使成中空) for the storage of water, ____178____ (exist) in the village of Ampotaka in Madagascar. Malaindrano means “he who hates water”, ____179____ this baobab doesn’t hate water at all. It is so big that many people believe it has never been ____180____ (complete) filled. Even semi-full, the trees are vital for storing water in one of Madagascar’s driest regions. Also known ____181____ bottle trees because of their unique thick trunks, such baobab trees form a network of ____182____ (nature) water tanks. Using them has allowed people to live in a place where rain is rare, and where the little rain that falls ____183____ (absorb) quickly by the soil.
Lack of rain can lead to a lack of food. In the 1920s and 1930s, thousands of people ____184____ (die) because of extreme drought. This forced the locals to come up with an idea: hollowing out baobabs ____185____ (store) water when it is abundant. A large baobab has the ____186____ (able) to store about 14,000 litres of water. Today, some 20,000 people live in the region, many of ____187____ rely on the tree water for around a third of the year.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A hunting dog, who had been an excellent one in his time and done good service to his master, finally became worn out because of his old age. One day, when ____188____ (hunt) a wild pig, he seized the creature by the ear, but his teeth gave way. He ____189____ (force) to let go his hold, and the pig escaped. His master ____190____ (severe) scolded him. But the weak dog replied: “Spare your old servant! Remember what I was rather than abuse me for what I am.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human-wildlife conflict, ____191____(refer) to direct interactions between humans and wildlife with negative outcomes, ____192____(cost) the global economy billions of dollars annually. ____193____(make) matters worse , it threats human lives and causes many species to die out. These conflicts ____194____(large) result from humans and wildlife seeking limited resources in the same landscapes and often have many unexpected consequences. Serious climate events can also bring about rapid changes in resource availability, ____195____may drive strong responses in animals and people. The ____196____ (compete) between the two grows tougher as a consequence. Droughts ____197____ particular have caused some of the most visible conflicts. Despite the gravity of these conflicts, climate change is making human-wildlife conflict even ____198____(serious). With people and wildlife sharing crowded spaces and limited resources, human-wildlife conflict is rising in frequency. Many people, ____199____, still haven’t really realized how complex and severe the problem is. Therefore, to protect wildlife and humans alike, it is vital ____200____ a wide range of research and institutions should consider the role of a changing climate in shaping the complex dynamics of conflict.
语法填空
An animal that has not lived in Australia for over 3,000 years is back. The creature is Tasmanian devil (袋獾). Conservation groups ___201___ (release) 26 Tasmanian devils in a large natural reserve north of Sydney. The Tasmanian devil is the size of a small dog. It feeds ___202___ large birds and household waste. It has been an ___203___ (endanger) species for decades since Australian wild dogs wiped them out on the mainland. The devil gets its name from its high-pitched sound and the fierce way in ___204___ it fights for food. Although its name sounds so scary, experts say it is not a danger to humans.
The conservation group Aussie Ark worked with other animal protection ___205___ (organise) on the project to release the Tasmanian devils. The animals are in a natural reserve to help keep their chances of survival high. They ___206___ (leave) to find their own food and survive by themselves ever since. Tim Faulkner, president of Aussie Ark, told National Geographic, “They are free. They’re out there. We’ve got some basic methods of keeping an eye on them, but ___207___ (actual), now it’s time for the devils to do what they do.” He was ___208___ (hope) about the future of the devils, ___209___ (say) “This release of devils will be the first of many. We are talking about something monumental, _____210_____ true landmark in history.”
语法填空
Scientists are learning the secret ways in which plants “talk” to each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals __211__（communicate）with each other. When __212__（attack）by insects, the plant releases chemicals from the leaves that __213__（eat）. This is like __214__warning. When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to release __215__（it）own, different chemicals. Some chemicals drive insects away.
__216__（surprising）, plants also use sound to communicate. Some plants make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, __217__（indicate）drought is arriving.
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an __218__（amaze）system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is called “wood wide web”, __219__is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food __220__each other.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)
China’s only captive (被圈养的) male Pallas’s cat, Sunsimiao, died at the age of seven and a half after choking on chicken while eating, according to an obituary (讣告) released on Monday by the Xining Wildlife Park, ______221______ Sunsimiao used to live while alive.
Born in 2015, Sunsimiao was rescued ______222______ a resident’s home in Xining, Northwest China’s Qinghai province, by the Qinghai Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center in 2015. After artificial rearing (饲养) and growing up, Sunsimiao has been living in the Xining Wildlife Park, and ______223______ (become) the country’s most famous and ______224______ (significance) Pallas’s cat among Chinese netizens. Sunsimiao, together with Sunshangxiang, ______225______ female Pallas’s cat rescued in 2019, gave birth to a baby Pallas’s cat in 2021, which is the first artificially bred Pallas’s cat ______226______ (survive) in China. The park also said in the ______227______ (state) that it would review the incident and reassess the risks in its current breeding management to avoid the same tragedy happening again. In Sunsimiao’s obituary the Xining Wildlife Park said ______228______ although it had never experienced the vastness of the wild plateau in ______229______ (it) life, it has made countless people understand and pay attention to this species. ______230______, it has also set up an immortal (不朽的) monument in the study of the artificial breeding of the Pallas’s cat.
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Leaf-cutter ants are interesting. ____231____(look) for leaves, the larger ants usually go out in groups. They bite of bits of leaves and carry them back. Watching these ants march in single file, carrying leaves, is quite a sight. These ants can carry a leaf that ____232____ (weigh) 20 times more than they do. The leaves ____233____ (collect) by the ants are not for eating. They are brought back so fungus(真菌) can grow on them. The fungus is the food for the ants.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ____234____ past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, holding a bachelor’s degree in arts and biology from Kenyon College in Ohio, is in charge of Project Puffin (角嘴海雀), a seabird restoration project. She and a small crew (工作人员) of volunteers professionally monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season. The crew is made up ____235____ six volunteers including Howard.
The puffin often ____236____ (refer) to as a “sea parrot” has a colorful beak (喙). They are endangered birds. So protecting them is ____237____ (especial) important. Hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers, the puffins disappeared from Seal Island. Not ____238____ 40 years ago did Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduce the puffin to the island.
From mid-May to mid-August, the crew lives in tents ____239____ are on top of 8-foot-wide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach.
The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. Food as well as fresh water ____240____ (carry) to the island every 10 days by a local. It is fairly ____241____ (inconvenience) to live there and the work is somewhat demanding. Once they found a puffin lying on the ground which had suffered a serious ____242____ (injure), they picked it up and treated it at once.
The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin, _____243_____ (offer) more protection than the tents. Not only is it where most of the research and data entry are done but also it is a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm. For Howard, the best part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have discovered the world’s fastest ant. It is the Saharan silver ant. It runs ____244____ a speed of just over 3kph. The ant runs 108 times the ____245____ (long) of its own body every second. This is ____246____ (quick) than an Olympic 100-meter runner. The world’s fastest man, Usain Bolt, ran the 100 meters ____247____ (use) 4 strides (大步) a second while the Saharan silver ant uses up to 50 strides a second. The scientists say this much movement almost breaks the limits of ____248____ is physically possible for a living thing. Each of the ants’ feet makes contact with the ground for just seven milliseconds before they take ____249____ next stride.
The scientists said the Saharan silver ant runs so fast because it lives in the hot desert ____250____ the sand can reach temperatures of up to 60 degrees Celsius, so the ant desires ____251____ (spend) as little time as possible with its feet on the scorching ground. Another reason is that if the ants’ feet spend a longer time on the sand, they ____252____ (sink)a little and slow down. Professor Wolf told CNN, “We knew these ants would be fast, but nobody knew how fast _____253_____ (exact), and how they would achieve that speed.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___254___ (cover)an area about three times ___255___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___256___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___257___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___258___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___259___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___260___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___261___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___262___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____263_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Caballero family from Tempe, Arizona were outside on their regularly scheduled walk with their dog Olive when they were joined by a baby gray fox. Now apparently, the fox ____264____ (mistake) Olive for her mother and started following them around the neighborhood.
The fox was about 20 centimeters ____265____ length and had a gray coat. They later found out that she was just 6 weeks old at that point. The tiny fox followed them home, ____266____ the sprinklers (洒水器) were on at that moment, so she ran to have a drink, which is when Rosalyn noticed how thirsty she was as she couldn’t stop drinking.
____267____ (consider) that the fox was far away from home and her mother, alone—something that is not ____268____ (type) of foxes, as they are pack animals—the family decided ____269____ would be best to get in touch with Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center for help.
They found a box and captured the baby fox so that she wouldn’t wander off into danger. They got the fox inside the box without touching her. Soon the fox ____270____ (bring) to the Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center.
“She appears to be doing quite well. She was ____271____ little dehydrated (脱水) when we got her, but otherwise healthy. She was already eating solid food, so we have managed ____272____ (fatten) her up a bit in the short time she’s been at Southwest Wildlife.” The fox is now in good hands —being taken care of. They are hoping to bond Foxy with some of the other ____273____ (fox) that came to the center recently to return to the wild once they are strong enough.
参考答案：
1．for 2．forming 3．where 4．to breathe 5．disappears 6．exactly 7．were shipped 8．another 9．polluted 10．have helped
11．with 12．To control 13．escaped 14．Growing
15．the 16．natural 17．to take 18．which 19．its 20．Weighing 21．was enjoying 22．froze 23．falling 24．to
25．to think 26．are built 27．and 28．beautiful 29．actions 30．added 31．length 32．At 33．them 34．a
35．was attacked 36．a 37．more scared 38．killing 39．Finning 40．painfully 41．who##that 42．to protect 43．Experts 44．from##against
45．warmer 46．them 47．that##which 48．has reduced 49．on##upon 50．survival 51．a 52．Melting 53．to hunt 54．actively
55．migrations 56．a 57．to 58．to measure 59．which 60．has crashed 61．be found 62．cutting 63．Fortunately 64．greater
65．an 66．to observe 67．studios 68．regularly 69．be seen 70．passing 71．where 72．significant 73．in 74．is playing
75．who 76．the 77．loudest 78．looking 79．challenged 80．scientist 81．for 82．them 83．meant 84．to stay
85．which 86．existing 87．a 88．for 89．strengthen 90．combination 91．to protect 92．that 93．has upgraded 94．truly
95．with 96．heard 97．probably 98．myself 99．who 100．satisfied 101．destroying 102．was injured 103．better 104．to
105．begin 106．led 107．It 108．to determine 109．Sadly 110．why 111．natural 112．awareness 113．on 114．the
115．whose 116．particularly 117．caves 118．under 119．is cut 120．to lay 121．determines 122．threatening 123．an 124．affected
125．that 126．poorly 127．of/for 128．to perform 129．have reported 130．belief 131．noting 132．higher 133．the 134．are
135．its 136．of 137．to protect 138．conservation 139．unless 140．shockingly 141．sliding 142．is accompanied 143．worsen 144．the
145．so 146．has inspired 147．including 148．designs 149．to capture 150．Shaped 151．amazed 152．closer 153．a 154．how
155．has grown 156．the 157．actually 158．to improve 159．than 160．pollution 161．global 162．started 163．that/which 164．feeding
165．has been marking##has marked 166．showed 167．how
168．to avoid 169．from 170．looking 171．frighten 172．What 173．carefully 174．It 175．were published 176．unusual 177．surprised
178．existing 179．but 180．completely 181．as 182．natural 183．is absorbed 184．died 185．to store 186．ability 187．whom
188．hunting 189．was forced 190．severely
191．referring 192．costs 193．To make 194．largely 195．which 196．competition 197．in 198．more serious 199．however 200．that
201．released 202．on 203．endangered 204．which 205．organisations 206．have been left 207．actually 208．hopeful 209．saying 210．a
211．to communicate 212．attacked 213．are being eaten 214．a 215．its 216．More surprisingly 217．indicating 218．amazing 219．which 220．with
221．where 222．from 223．has become 224．significant 225．a 226．to survive 227．statement 228．that 229．its 230．Besides##Moreover##Furthermore##Also
231．To look 232．weighs 233．collected
234．the 235．of 236．referred 237．especially 238．until 239．that##which 240．is carried 241．inconvenient 242．injury 243．offering
244．at 245．length 246．quicker 247．using 248．what 249．the 250．where 251．to spend 252．will sink 253．exactly
254．Covering 255．the 256．were 257．to increase 258．is designed 259．and 260．populations 261．eventually 262．as 263．that
264．mistook 265．in 266．where 267．Considering 268．typical 269．it 270．was brought 271．a 272．to fatten 273．foxes
第二单元 巩固基础练习 语法填空 专项训练
一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Oysters, soft-bodied animals without skeletons, are important for the underwater community they share with plants, fish, and other life. They are food ____1____ crabs and other animals. As new oysters grow, they attach their shells to older ones, ____2____ (form) bigger reefs with many small spaces ____3____ other animals live. Oysters eat algae (藻类). If algae grow too fast, they can exhaust oxygen from the water—and even fish need oxygen ____4____ (breath)!
Because so many animals depend on them, oysters are called a keystone species. If a keystone species ____5____(disappear), other plants and animals may die off and not grow back.
That’s ____6____ (exact) what happened 100 years ago in New York Harbor—a group of rivers and bays around New York City. Before then, lots of oysters lived in these waters. The oysters were famous! They ____7____ (ship) to restaurants around the world. The oysters were delicious—maybe too delicious. By the early 1900s, people were eating them faster than they could grow.
The oysters were in trouble for ____8____ reason. Pollution was pouring into the waters of the growing city. The harbor became so ____9____ (pollute) that few types of animals could live in it. Since the 1970s, new laws _____10_____ (help) reduce toxic waste. Some fish started to swim through again. But oysters were still missing—until recently.
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In the 1970s, people who managed ponds in America had a problem____11____plants and snails in the water.____12____(control) the pests, the managers brought four species of carp, a type of fish, from Asia. But some of the fish____13____(escape) into rivers and other waterways. Soon, there were lots of fish. And they became troublesome invasive species. These non-native fish can bully ecosystems, quickly taking over.____14____(grow) fast and big, they ate lots of the food on which the native fish would normally depend.
语法填空
I am a nature photographer and have to brave the elements. But despite the wind and the rain I still enjoy working outside in____15____ wild. I can observe animals in their____16____(nature) environment. My favorite place_____17_____(take) photos is Yellowstone National Park, ______18______is famous for the variety of its wildlife but is probably best known for ____19____(it) bears._____20_____(weigh) up to 300 kilograms, the bears can run at about 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring I followed a path through dark forest. I ___21___(enjoy) the breathtaking view when I felt I was being watched. Slowly I turned and _____22_____(freeze). Only metres away was a bear, with water____23____(fall) off its hair. Though I was very frightened, I pressed the button. A second later, the bear ran back into the forest and I got a photo of it. I realized that it is we who are the visitors ____24____their world.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As our cities spread, we need ____25____ (think) about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours. Because cities ____26____ (build) for humans, they do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife. For example, most city parks are kept neat ____27____ tidy so that humans will find them ____28____ (beauty). But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
Our ____29____ (action) sometimes help other species. When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers ____30____ (add) small gaps running along the ____31____ (long) of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats. ____32____ first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of ____33____ (they). Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are ____34____ tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
语法填空
The 1975 film Jaws described a scene where a woman swimming in a dark sea ___35___(attack) by a great white shark and finally was eaten by it, which made people consider the great white shark as ___36___ dangerous animal.
Being ___37___(scared) of sharks than ever, some people started fishing for sharks, ___38___(kill) as many as they could. As a result, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly. ___39___(fin) is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off. The sharks are thrown back into the sea where they die slowly and ___40___(painful). Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
In 1980, Benchley, the man ___41___ wrote the book the film Jaws was based on, was diving when he came across an awful sight. The sea floor was covered with dead sharks because of finning. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought ___42___(protect) sharks. ___43___(expert) have proved that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only a few people are killed by sharks every year.
Fortunately, some people began to protect sharks. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them _____44_____ extinction.
语法填空
Polar bears are undergoing hunger in a world ____45____ (warm) than ever before.
Polar bears live in the environment too cold for most animals. For most of the year, they live and hunt on Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared ____46____ (they) for the cold conditions. But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger ____47____ threatens their only home.
Polar bears’ world is melting. Studies show that polar ice ____48____ (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. Now about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic. Polar bears depend ____49____ sea ice for their ____50____ (survive). “Sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk over,” says Andrew Derocher, ____51____ scientist who studies North American polar bear populations. “Without it, they can’t exist.”
____52____ (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world, the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time ____53____ (hunt). Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not _____54_____ (active) hunting.
语法填空
Many animals migrate at certain times of the year for various reasons. Of all the mass____55____(migrate), that of the North American monarch butterflies is one of the most wonderful. Every autumn, they begin___56___long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way _____57_____California or Mexico, where they will spend the winter. Scientists have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day and use its eyes ____58____(measure) the position of the sun,____59____ allows the butterfly to determine the way to go.
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble, and its population ____60____(crash) by as much as 90 per cent in the last few years. Human activity is the main reason. In many of the places where the butterfly can _____61_____(find), people are destroying the natural environment by ____62____(cut) down trees and using chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat. ____63____(fortunate), people have been aware of the problem and working together to protect butterflies. The more we know about the butterflies, the _______64_______(great) the chance they will survive.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Being curious about birds has let many people take up bird-watching in Shanghai. Many take it as ____65____opportunity to spend time outdoors and get close to nature.
The most careful bird-watchers are usually equipped with binoculars(望远镜) and smart phones, and travel long distances and spend hours in shoals(浅滩) in Nanhui or Chongming ____66____ (observe) a new bird. Tens of ____67____ (studio) provide such public events ____68____ (regular).
More than 430 types of birds, about one-third of the total bird numbers in China, can ____69____ (see) in Shanghai. Most of birds in the city are migratory (迁徙的), ____70____ (pass) by the southeastern tip of the city.
The eastern shoals of Nanhui and Chongming,____71____ the Yangtze River meets the East China Sea, are very ____72____ (significance) for migratory birds, because they stop to find food in spring and autumn while traveling between North and East Asia and Australia or Southeast Asia. The growing interest ____73____ bird-watching in Shanghai _____74_____ (play) an effective role in environmental protection now.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not sure ______75______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _____76_____ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the
____77____(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _____78_____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_____79_____(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ____80____(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____81____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _____82_____(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _____83_____(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _____84_____ (stay)and watch.
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda is a famous symbol of China and one of the most adorable creatures across the globe. Lately China has announced the formal establishment of its first five national parks, among ____85____ Giant Panda National Park (GPNP) is located in Central China spreading across Sichuan, Ningxia and Shaanxi. Once completed, the new national park will include sixty-seven ___86___ (exist) panda reserves.
GPNP has ___87___ population of around 1,800 giant pandas, which accounts ___88___ over 80% of the Chinese giant panda population. Connecting these reserves will allow pandas to travel between the different areas and hopefully crossbreed (杂交繁育) and ___89___ (strength) the panda population.
The ___90___ (combine) of these panda reserves is an enthusiastic commitment by the Chinese government ___91___ (protect) these extraordinary animals. The good news is that there is evidence ___92___ the population appears to be growing. Recently the International Union for Conservation of Nature ___93___ (upgrade) the species from endangered to threatened. Although this improvement is _____94_____ (true) positive, there is still a lot the world needs to do to help secure the survival of this precious species.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My wife Laura and I were walking on the beach ___95___ three of our children when we saw a bear. Just a few minutes later, I ___96___ (hear) my daughter shouting, “Dad! The bear is right behind us!” A bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but would suddenly stop at the last minute. This one, however, behaved abnormally, ___97___ (probable) because of hunger.
The bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and I found ___98___ (I) supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long. However, I was all that stood between the bear and my family, ___99___ would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear. I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest. Clearly ___100___ (satisfy) that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, ___101___ (destroy)a fence as it went. My arm ___102___ (injure), but the result for us could hardly have been ___103___ (good).I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when fear could have led ____104____ a very different result.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies ___105___ (begin) a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However, until recently no one knew how they did this.
A team of scientists ___106___ (lead) by Professor Eli Shlizerman has now found the answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. ___107___ uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of information allow the butterfly ___108___ (determine) the way to go. Finally, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.
___109___ (sad), human activity is the main reason ___110___ the number of monarch butterflies is falling. In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the ___111___ (nature) environment. They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.
The research on the monarch’s behaviour has however led to a greater ___112___ (aware) of this creature. People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed ___113___ . If this works, there may come a time when ____114____ number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate change is already affecting wildlife all over the world, but certain species are suffering more than others. Polar animals ____115____ icy natural habitat is melting in the warmer temperatures are ____116____ (particular) at risk. In fact, experts believe that the Arctic sea ice is melting at a shocking rate — 9% per decade! Polar bears need sea ice to be able to hunt, raise their young and as places to rest after long periods of swimming. Certain seal species, like ringed seals (环斑海豹), make ____117____ (cave) in the snow and ice to raise their pups, feed and mate.
It's not just polar animals that are in trouble. Apes like orangutans, which live in the rainforests of Indonesia, are ____118____ threat as their habitat ____119____ (cut) down, and more droughts cause more bushfires.
Sea turtles (海龟) rely on nesting beaches ____120____ (lay) their eggs, many of which are threatened by rising sea levels. Did you know that the temperature of nests ____121____ (determine) whether the eggs are male or female Unfortunately, with temperatures on the rise, this could mean that more females are born than males, ____122____ (threaten) future turtle populations.
Climate change won't just affect animals; it's already having ____123____ impact on people, too. Most _____124_____ (affect) people are some of the people who grow the food we eat every day. Farming communities, especially in developing countries, are facing higher temperatures, increased rain, floods and droughts.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___125___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___126___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ___127___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___128___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___129___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___130___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___131___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___132___(high) than they actually are. Of ___133___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____134____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently Australia has listed the koala as an endangered species across most of ___135___ (it) east coast, after a dramatic decline in numbers because ___136___ land clearing, bushfires, drought, disease and other threats. The federal government has been urged to do more ___137___ (protect) koalas from rapidly decreasing habitats and climate change.
“This listing adds priority when it comes to the ___138___ (conserve) of the koala,” Environment Minister said on Friday. She said officials were designing a recovery plan, and land development application would now be assessed for impacts on the species.
Last year, a New South Wales survey found koalas would be extinct there by 2050 ___139___ there was urgent action. It estimated that the Black Summer bushfires of 2019-2020 had killed 5,000 koalas and affected 24% of habitats in New South Wales alone.
“Koalas have gone from no-listing to vulnerable (易危物种) to endangered within a decade. That is a ___140___ (shocking) fast decline,” said a scientist. “Today’s decision is welcome, but it won’t stop koalas ___141___ (slide) towards extinction unless it ___142___ (accompany) by stronger laws.”
Scientists warn that climate change will also ___143___ (worse) bushfires and drought, and reduce ___144___ quality of koalas’ eucalyptus (桉树) leaf diet.
Koalas are also found in South Australia and Victoria but their numbers are on the decrease nationally, according to protection groups.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. In fact, we are ____145____ used to them that we may even take them for granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us.
So far, nature ____146____ (inspire) many of the most fascinating designs around us, ____147____ (include) those in architecture. From Barcelona’s forest-like Sagrada Familia to the modern style of Beijing’s Water Cube, nature is presented in various architectural ____148____ (design). Today, architects continue to explore ways ____149____ (capture) the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. ____150____ (shape) like a lotus flower, Singapore’s Art Science Museum appears to float above the water that surrounds it. Visitors are often ____151____ (amaze) to find themselves in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in ____152____ (close) harmony with our environment than before. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be ____153____ challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us _____154_____ to achieve this.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country ____155____（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____156____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ____157____ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ____158____ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ____159____ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ____160____ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ____161____ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ____162____ (start) a soil-testing program ____163____ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while _____164_____ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
World Animal Day is an international day with the purpose of awakening people's love for animals. China ____165____ (mark) World Animal Day nationwide since 1997. A report issued by the World Wildlife Fund on September 10th ____166____ (show) that the natural environment had been severely damaged. From 1970 to 2016, the global wild species population decreased by two-thirds on average. Now we should think ____167____ we can help our friends animals. After all, to save them means to save ourselves.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lions，tigers and other animals are staying awake at night___168___（avoid）human beings，a new study finds．
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature．Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away___169___people．By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time___170___（look）for food．
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can___171___（fright）animals and cause them to become more active at night．__172__had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil．Researchers compared___173___（careful）how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming．__174__was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night．Results__175__（publish）in the journal Science two months ago．
The new findings are___176___（usual）because no one else has looked at it in such detail before Ecologist Marlee Tucker was___177___（surprise）that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat．
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Malaindrano is a giant baobab (猴面包树) tree that is hollowed out (使成中空) for the storage of water, ____178____ (exist) in the village of Ampotaka in Madagascar. Malaindrano means “he who hates water”, ____179____ this baobab doesn’t hate water at all. It is so big that many people believe it has never been ____180____ (complete) filled. Even semi-full, the trees are vital for storing water in one of Madagascar’s driest regions. Also known ____181____ bottle trees because of their unique thick trunks, such baobab trees form a network of ____182____ (nature) water tanks. Using them has allowed people to live in a place where rain is rare, and where the little rain that falls ____183____ (absorb) quickly by the soil.
Lack of rain can lead to a lack of food. In the 1920s and 1930s, thousands of people ____184____ (die) because of extreme drought. This forced the locals to come up with an idea: hollowing out baobabs ____185____ (store) water when it is abundant. A large baobab has the ____186____ (able) to store about 14,000 litres of water. Today, some 20,000 people live in the region, many of ____187____ rely on the tree water for around a third of the year.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A hunting dog, who had been an excellent one in his time and done good service to his master, finally became worn out because of his old age. One day, when ____188____ (hunt) a wild pig, he seized the creature by the ear, but his teeth gave way. He ____189____ (force) to let go his hold, and the pig escaped. His master ____190____ (severe) scolded him. But the weak dog replied: “Spare your old servant! Remember what I was rather than abuse me for what I am.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human-wildlife conflict, ____191____(refer) to direct interactions between humans and wildlife with negative outcomes, ____192____(cost) the global economy billions of dollars annually. ____193____(make) matters worse , it threats human lives and causes many species to die out. These conflicts ____194____(large) result from humans and wildlife seeking limited resources in the same landscapes and often have many unexpected consequences. Serious climate events can also bring about rapid changes in resource availability, ____195____may drive strong responses in animals and people. The ____196____ (compete) between the two grows tougher as a consequence. Droughts ____197____ particular have caused some of the most visible conflicts. Despite the gravity of these conflicts, climate change is making human-wildlife conflict even ____198____(serious). With people and wildlife sharing crowded spaces and limited resources, human-wildlife conflict is rising in frequency. Many people, ____199____, still haven’t really realized how complex and severe the problem is. Therefore, to protect wildlife and humans alike, it is vital ____200____ a wide range of research and institutions should consider the role of a changing climate in shaping the complex dynamics of conflict.
语法填空
An animal that has not lived in Australia for over 3,000 years is back. The creature is Tasmanian devil (袋獾). Conservation groups ___201___ (release) 26 Tasmanian devils in a large natural reserve north of Sydney. The Tasmanian devil is the size of a small dog. It feeds ___202___ large birds and household waste. It has been an ___203___ (endanger) species for decades since Australian wild dogs wiped them out on the mainland. The devil gets its name from its high-pitched sound and the fierce way in ___204___ it fights for food. Although its name sounds so scary, experts say it is not a danger to humans.
The conservation group Aussie Ark worked with other animal protection ___205___ (organise) on the project to release the Tasmanian devils. The animals are in a natural reserve to help keep their chances of survival high. They ___206___ (leave) to find their own food and survive by themselves ever since. Tim Faulkner, president of Aussie Ark, told National Geographic, “They are free. They’re out there. We’ve got some basic methods of keeping an eye on them, but ___207___ (actual), now it’s time for the devils to do what they do.” He was ___208___ (hope) about the future of the devils, ___209___ (say) “This release of devils will be the first of many. We are talking about something monumental, _____210_____ true landmark in history.”
语法填空
Scientists are learning the secret ways in which plants “talk” to each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals __211__（communicate）with each other. When __212__（attack）by insects, the plant releases chemicals from the leaves that __213__（eat）. This is like __214__warning. When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to release __215__（it）own, different chemicals. Some chemicals drive insects away.
__216__（surprising）, plants also use sound to communicate. Some plants make noises with their roots. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, __217__（indicate）drought is arriving.
Most surprisingly of all, plants have an __218__（amaze）system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is called “wood wide web”, __219__is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food __220__each other.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)
China’s only captive (被圈养的) male Pallas’s cat, Sunsimiao, died at the age of seven and a half after choking on chicken while eating, according to an obituary (讣告) released on Monday by the Xining Wildlife Park, ______221______ Sunsimiao used to live while alive.
Born in 2015, Sunsimiao was rescued ______222______ a resident’s home in Xining, Northwest China’s Qinghai province, by the Qinghai Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center in 2015. After artificial rearing (饲养) and growing up, Sunsimiao has been living in the Xining Wildlife Park, and ______223______ (become) the country’s most famous and ______224______ (significance) Pallas’s cat among Chinese netizens. Sunsimiao, together with Sunshangxiang, ______225______ female Pallas’s cat rescued in 2019, gave birth to a baby Pallas’s cat in 2021, which is the first artificially bred Pallas’s cat ______226______ (survive) in China. The park also said in the ______227______ (state) that it would review the incident and reassess the risks in its current breeding management to avoid the same tragedy happening again. In Sunsimiao’s obituary the Xining Wildlife Park said ______228______ although it had never experienced the vastness of the wild plateau in ______229______ (it) life, it has made countless people understand and pay attention to this species. ______230______, it has also set up an immortal (不朽的) monument in the study of the artificial breeding of the Pallas’s cat.
阅读短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Leaf-cutter ants are interesting. ____231____(look) for leaves, the larger ants usually go out in groups. They bite of bits of leaves and carry them back. Watching these ants march in single file, carrying leaves, is quite a sight. These ants can carry a leaf that ____232____ (weigh) 20 times more than they do. The leaves ____233____ (collect) by the ants are not for eating. They are brought back so fungus(真菌) can grow on them. The fungus is the food for the ants.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ____234____ past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, holding a bachelor’s degree in arts and biology from Kenyon College in Ohio, is in charge of Project Puffin (角嘴海雀), a seabird restoration project. She and a small crew (工作人员) of volunteers professionally monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season. The crew is made up ____235____ six volunteers including Howard.
The puffin often ____236____ (refer) to as a “sea parrot” has a colorful beak (喙). They are endangered birds. So protecting them is ____237____ (especial) important. Hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers, the puffins disappeared from Seal Island. Not ____238____ 40 years ago did Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduce the puffin to the island.
From mid-May to mid-August, the crew lives in tents ____239____ are on top of 8-foot-wide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach.
The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. Food as well as fresh water ____240____ (carry) to the island every 10 days by a local. It is fairly ____241____ (inconvenience) to live there and the work is somewhat demanding. Once they found a puffin lying on the ground which had suffered a serious ____242____ (injure), they picked it up and treated it at once.
The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin, _____243_____ (offer) more protection than the tents. Not only is it where most of the research and data entry are done but also it is a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm. For Howard, the best part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have discovered the world’s fastest ant. It is the Saharan silver ant. It runs ____244____ a speed of just over 3kph. The ant runs 108 times the ____245____ (long) of its own body every second. This is ____246____ (quick) than an Olympic 100-meter runner. The world’s fastest man, Usain Bolt, ran the 100 meters ____247____ (use) 4 strides (大步) a second while the Saharan silver ant uses up to 50 strides a second. The scientists say this much movement almost breaks the limits of ____248____ is physically possible for a living thing. Each of the ants’ feet makes contact with the ground for just seven milliseconds before they take ____249____ next stride.
The scientists said the Saharan silver ant runs so fast because it lives in the hot desert ____250____ the sand can reach temperatures of up to 60 degrees Celsius, so the ant desires ____251____ (spend) as little time as possible with its feet on the scorching ground. Another reason is that if the ants’ feet spend a longer time on the sand, they ____252____ (sink)a little and slow down. Professor Wolf told CNN, “We knew these ants would be fast, but nobody knew how fast _____253_____ (exact), and how they would achieve that speed.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___254___ (cover)an area about three times ___255___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___256___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___257___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___258___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___259___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___260___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___261___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___262___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____263_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Caballero family from Tempe, Arizona were outside on their regularly scheduled walk with their dog Olive when they were joined by a baby gray fox. Now apparently, the fox ____264____ (mistake) Olive for her mother and started following them around the neighborhood.
The fox was about 20 centimeters ____265____ length and had a gray coat. They later found out that she was just 6 weeks old at that point. The tiny fox followed them home, ____266____ the sprinklers (洒水器) were on at that moment, so she ran to have a drink, which is when Rosalyn noticed how thirsty she was as she couldn’t stop drinking.
____267____ (consider) that the fox was far away from home and her mother, alone—something that is not ____268____ (type) of foxes, as they are pack animals—the family decided ____269____ would be best to get in touch with Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center for help.
They found a box and captured the baby fox so that she wouldn’t wander off into danger. They got the fox inside the box without touching her. Soon the fox ____270____ (bring) to the Southwest Wildlife Conservation Center.
“She appears to be doing quite well. She was ____271____ little dehydrated (脱水) when we got her, but otherwise healthy. She was already eating solid food, so we have managed ____272____ (fatten) her up a bit in the short time she’s been at Southwest Wildlife.” The fox is now in good hands —being taken care of. They are hoping to bond Foxy with some of the other ____273____ (fox) that came to the center recently to return to the wild once they are strong enough.
参考答案：
1．for 2．forming 3．where 4．to breathe 5．disappears 6．exactly 7．were shipped 8．another 9．polluted 10．have helped
11．with 12．To control 13．escaped 14．Growing
15．the 16．natural 17．to take 18．which 19．its 20．Weighing 21．was enjoying 22．froze 23．falling 24．to
25．to think 26．are built 27．and 28．beautiful 29．actions 30．added 31．length 32．At 33．them 34．a
35．was attacked 36．a 37．more scared 38．killing 39．Finning 40．painfully 41．who##that 42．to protect 43．Experts 44．from##against
45．warmer 46．them 47．that##which 48．has reduced 49．on##upon 50．survival 51．a 52．Melting 53．to hunt 54．actively
55．migrations 56．a 57．to 58．to measure 59．which 60．has crashed 61．be found 62．cutting 63．Fortunately 64．greater
65．an 66．to observe 67．studios 68．regularly 69．be seen 70．passing 71．where 72．significant 73．in 74．is playing
75．who 76．the 77．loudest 78．looking 79．challenged 80．scientist 81．for 82．them 83．meant 84．to stay
85．which 86．existing 87．a 88．for 89．strengthen 90．combination 91．to protect 92．that 93．has upgraded 94．truly
95．with 96．heard 97．probably 98．myself 99．who 100．satisfied 101．destroying 102．was injured 103．better 104．to
105．begin 106．led 107．It 108．to determine 109．Sadly 110．why 111．natural 112．awareness 113．on 114．the
115．whose 116．particularly 117．caves 118．under 119．is cut 120．to lay 121．determines 122．threatening 123．an 124．affected
125．that 126．poorly 127．of/for 128．to perform 129．have reported 130．belief 131．noting 132．higher 133．the 134．are
135．its 136．of 137．to protect 138．conservation 139．unless 140．shockingly 141．sliding 142．is accompanied 143．worsen 144．the
145．so 146．has inspired 147．including 148．designs 149．to capture 150．Shaped 151．amazed 152．closer 153．a 154．how
155．has grown 156．the 157．actually 158．to improve 159．than 160．pollution 161．global 162．started 163．that/which 164．feeding
165．has been marking##has marked 166．showed 167．how
168．to avoid 169．from 170．looking 171．frighten 172．What 173．carefully 174．It 175．were published 176．unusual 177．surprised
178．existing 179．but 180．completely 181．as 182．natural 183．is absorbed 184．died 185．to store 186．ability 187．whom
188．hunting 189．was forced 190．severely
191．referring 192．costs 193．To make 194．largely 195．which 196．competition 197．in 198．more serious 199．however 200．that
201．released 202．on 203．endangered 204．which 205．organisations 206．have been left 207．actually 208．hopeful 209．saying 210．a
211．to communicate 212．attacked 213．are being eaten 214．a 215．its 216．More surprisingly 217．indicating 218．amazing 219．which 220．with
221．where 222．from 223．has become 224．significant 225．a 226．to survive 227．statement 228．that 229．its 230．Besides##Moreover##Furthermore##Also
231．To look 232．weighs 233．collected
234．the 235．of 236．referred 237．especially 238．until 239．that##which 240．is carried 241．inconvenient 242．injury 243．offering
244．at 245．length 246．quicker 247．using 248．what 249．the 250．where 251．to spend 252．will sink 253．exactly
254．Covering 255．the 256．were 257．to increase 258．is designed 259．and 260．populations 261．eventually 262．as 263．that
264．mistook 265．in 266．where 267．Considering 268．typical 269．it 270．was brought 271．a 272．to fatten 273．foxes