外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit2 A life’s work 词汇精讲课堂课件(共34张PPT)

(共34张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：选择性必修 三 Unit 2
fashion
重难点词
精准的汉语释义
analysis
modest
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义
熟词生义
ambition & ambitious
熟词生义
associate
trial
搭配
comprise
polish
正式用语
隐喻
fashion
时尚界的老佛爷
卡尔·拉格斐
街拍鼻祖
比尔·坎宁汉
世界顶级名模
吉赛尔·邦辰
永恒的时尚女神
奥黛丽·赫本
时尚界设计大师名言
I am a fashion person, and fashion is not only about clothes — it’s about all kinds of change. ——Karl Lagerfeld
我是个fashion的人，但是fashion不仅仅只是指衣服——它是指各种各样的改变。
——卡尔·拉格斐
fashion词源解读
人类最早的时尚记载可以追溯到中世纪。时尚往往和贵族联系起来，能穿不失品味的服装是当时贵族的梦想。时尚的英文为fashion，从词源学来说，fashion一词来自拉丁文facio or factio，意思是a making or doing，是对一种外表行为模式的崇尚方式。
fashion n
[U] & [C]（服饰等的）流行式样；最新款式：
Long skirts were in / out of fashion last year.
follow / keep pace with (the) fashion
[C]（谈吐、行为等的）时尚：
People’s lifestyle are fixed by generational habits and fashions.
[U] 时装业：
a fashion show / designer
in (a) … fashion
He behaves in a strange fashion.
【拓展】
fashionable adj
流行的；时髦的：
fashionable clothes / ideas
表达“变得时尚”
be in fashion
come into fashion
become fashionable
start fashions
keep up with fashions
follow fashions
wear fashions
表达“过时 / 不流行”
fall out of fashion
be out of fashion
go out of fashion
表达“重新变得时尚 ”
come back into fashion
be back in fashion
时尚行业
fashion business / industry 时装业
fashion market 时装市场
fashion store / shop / houses 时装商店
fashion design 时装设计
fashion photography 时尚摄影
fashion brands 时装品牌
fashion companies 时尚公司
流行时尚聚集地
fashion shows 时装秀
fashion shoots 时尚摄影
fashion magazines 时尚杂志
fashion spreads in magazines 杂志中的时尚专栏
时尚界相关的职业
fashion editor 时尚编辑
fashion designer 时尚设计师
fashion photographer 时尚摄影师
fashion stylist 时尚造型师
trial
词源解读：trial来自try，基本义为“试验”。
trial R2 n [C] & [U]
试用；试验：
a (free) trial period
New cars have several severe trials before they are put on the market.
审判；审讯：
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.
on trial 在试用中；在受审：
The clerk was employed on trial.
He’s on trial for theft.
trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索：
Children learn technical skills by trial and error.
名言翻译
A modest man frequently ponders over his mistakes; a conceited man only gossips about other’s errors.
— L . Becker
谦虚者常思己过，骄傲者只论人非。
词源义 / 基本义：适度的
modest 词源解读
modest adj
谦虚的；谦逊的：
Wherever you go, do be modest and honest.
不太大的；不太贵的 not very great, big or expensive：
a modest price
She has saved a modest amount of money.
The living quarters are modest, with few luxuries, but cosy.
态度上“适度的”
价格、大小等“适度的”
适度的
modest
（词源义）
些许的；不太大的；不太贵的
谦虚的；谦逊的
态度上“适度的”
价格、大小等
“适度的”
modest语义网络图
翻译句子：
A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.
ambition & ambitious
安雀安知鸿鹄之志。
ambition R1 n [C] & [U] 野心；雄心；抱负：
Until all is over ambition never dies.
ambition to do sth / ambition of doing sth:
She had finally achieved / realized her ambition to become / of becoming a famous writer.
ambitious adj 有抱负的；野心勃勃的；宏大的；艰巨的
根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。
I always __________________（把……联系起来）her with roses.
associate
/ associate
connect
重点词块：
connect / associate sb / sth with sb / sth
vi 交往；结交 to spend time with sb, especially sb that other people disapprove of：
I don’t like you associating with such people.
associate
■ v
vt 把……联想 / 联系起来 to connect sb or sth in your mind with sb or sth else：
I associate Switzerland with the Alps.
We tend to associate fresh air with health care. 2019 全国
■ n [C] 同事 (colleague)；（生意）伙伴：
business associates
■ adj 副的 having fewer rights in a particular profession or organization：
an associate editor / professor
associated adj 有关的；相关的；有联系的；联合的：
Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people. 2014 安徽
【拓展词汇】
association n
[C] 协会；联盟；社团：
the National Basketball Association (NBA)
[C] & [U]（与人或团体的）关联；交往：
His English improved rapidly because of his association with British people. We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.
[C] 联系；联想：
There is a proven association between passive smoking and cancer.
Disneyland has all kinds of happy associations for people.
associate & association 语义网络图
在脑海中“联合”人或物
“联合”人际关系
把……联想 / 联系起来
交往；结交
associate
联合
（基本义）
协会；联盟；社团
（与人或团体的）关联；交往
联系；联想
associate
association
analysis
analysis R3 n [C] & [U] (pl analyses) 分析：
carry out / do an analysis of
Blood samples were sent to the laboratory for analysis.
analyse / analyze R3 vt 分析：
analyze the data
With his help, we’ve learned how to analyze and
settle problems.
comprise
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成句子。
My diet ______________________________________（由……组成） rice and vegetables.
is made up of
comprise, consist, compose是正式用语
is comprised of
/ is composed of
/ consists of
comprise R1 vt［不用于进行时］［正式用语］包括；构成：
The house comprises two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room.
Informal / Neutral（中性） Formal
尽管如此 nevertheless ______________
构成 make up ______________
以……方式 in a ... way ______________
nonetheless
comprise / compose / consist of
in a ... fashion
The United Kingdom is comprised of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
学习词汇时要了解它使用的情景，避免日常交流和书面表达时因为用词不恰当、不得体导致交际失败。
猜一猜：
polish the apple
polish
英语谚语知多少？
过去，美国学生为了讨好老师，会把擦得闪闪发光的苹果送给老师，这个谚语就是这么来的。所以这个谚语可不能理解为“擦苹果”“打磨苹果”，真正的含义是“拍马屁”“讨好”。
例句：
He tried to polish the apple to his boss for promotion.
他为了升职，试着讨好老板。
polish R1
■ vt
磨光；擦亮：
polish one’s shoes
修改；润色：
polish an article
■ n [C]［单数］抛光；擦亮；[C] & [U] 上光剂
隐喻是词义产生的一种重要的途径。建立隐喻概念有助于培养学生的英语思维，也是学习英语词汇的必要工具之一。
词汇知识拓展
词条 具体意义 比喻义
polish 磨光；擦亮 修改；润色
bark （狗等）吠；叫 厉声（命令）
spin 纺（纱） （使）旋转
随堂检测
fashion
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. School learning is a must for fashion designers.（2013 上海） ____________
2. My mother is 61 and she wears the latest fashions in a way she would never have done ten years ago.（2010 湖北） ____________
3. Fashion brands are more important than well made clothing. ____________
4. We tend to be traditional rather than fashion-forward in our designs. ____________
5. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.（2013 福建） ____________
二、根据提示补全下列句子。
1. Those skirts （重新流行了起来）this season.
2. （好的时装设计取决于）understanding the details.
时装设计师
最新流行服饰
时装的品牌
超时尚的；超时髦的
陈旧的；过时的
Beautiful fashion design depends on
have come / been back into fashion
trial
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. They succeeded in the experiment on the fifteenth trial. __________
2. The case is now under trial. __________
3. She agreed to employ me for a trial period. __________
4. Trial and error is the source of our knowledge. __________
5. The robots have been on trial for the past year. __________
6. He was on trial for theft. __________
试验
审判 / 审讯
试用期
反复试验 / 不断摸索
试验中
审讯中
写出下列句子中modest的汉语释义。
1. The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.（2015 陕西） __________
2. Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life.（2013 天津） __________
3. I bought the house at a modest price. __________
4. They live in a modest house, considering their wealth. __________
5. Young girls must be modest in speech, dress and behavior.
__________
谦虚的
modest
适度的
不太高的
不太大的
得体的
ambition & ambitious
根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 我的志向是当律师。(ambition)
__________________________________________________________
2. 如果你努力，你的抱负是可以实现的。(achieve one’s ambition)
__________________________________________________________
3. 攀登珠穆朗玛峰是我的夙愿。(ambition to do sth)
It has always been _________________________ Mount Qomolangma.
4. 她终于达到目的，成为了一名电影导演。(ambition)
__________________________________________________________
5. 有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。(ambitious)
__________________________________________________________
My ambition is to be a lawyer.
You will achieve your ambition if you work hard.
my ambition to climb
She at last achieved her ambition to be / of being a film director.
Only ambitious students can get the best marks.
associate
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Many people associate dark clouds with depression. _____________
2. I don’t like the people you associate with. _____________
3. Mr Tan is an associate professor at a university in Beijing. _____________
4. I’ve got a new job and a new set of work associates. _____________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Foreigners always associate China ___________ the Great Wall.
2. I benefited much from my ___________ (associate) with him.
3. Bamboo plants are ___________ (associate) with health, abundance and a happy home.（2020 全国）
把……联系起来
结交 / 交往
副的
with
association
同事
associated
一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. We ___________________________（对……作分析）the way that government money has been spent in the past.
2. Let’s ______________________（分析问题） and see what went wrong.
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. His __________ (analysis) were always so convincing.
2. They collect blood samples __________ analysis at a national laboratory.
3. Can you __________ (analysis) the structure of the sentence for me
carried out / did an analysis of
analyze the problem
for
analyses
analyze
analysis
comprise
一、写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. Twelve departments comprise this university. __________
2. The committee comprise ten persons. __________
二、根据所给汉语及提示，完成句子。
这本书有十五章。
_______________________________________________
组成 / 构成
The book comprises / is comprised of 15 chapters.
包含 / 由……组成
polish
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. I polished my buttons with a handkerchief. __________
2. Your essay is good. You just need to polish it a bit. __________
3. I’ll just give my shoes a quick polish. __________
擦光 / 擦亮
润色
擦亮
谢
谢
观
赏