外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 A life’s work词汇练习（含解析）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-05 13:43:30 | ||
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Unit2 A life's work词汇-情景破
知识点1 approach vt.&vi.接近；靠近n.接近；方法；道路
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated.（教材P15）
虽然坎宁安是世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式并不复杂。
情景导学
To prevent the spread of the infectious disease，all the approaches to the city were blocked off by the police.
为了防止这种传染病的传播，所有通往这个城市的道路都被警察封锁了。
As the summer vacation is approaching，many parents plan to pick out some training courses for their children.
随着暑假的临近，许多家长计划为他们的孩子挑选些培训课程。
I approached her and patted her on the shoulder，but she turned her back to me, making me feel embarrassed.
我走近她，拍了拍她的肩膀，但她转身背对着我，让我觉得很尴尬。
归纳拓展
① an approach____________……的方法/通往……的道路
② ____________靠近/接近某物/某人
③ …____________……快到了
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and __________（approach）intended to prevent scammers from getting through.
1-2（2019天津，阅读表达，★★☆）If a child __________（approach）him，he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.
1-3（2019天津，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）With the help of mathematical models of food webs, scientists have discovered the approaches to __________（study） the species in the ecosystems.
完成句子
1-4（★★☆）一旦灯塔有了电话机，看守人就会互相打电话警告说检查员就要
来了。
Once lighthouses had telephones，keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector__________ __________.
知识点2 back down放弃；认输
Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert, he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.（教材P19）
他与家人分开多年，忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件，他拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续进行科学研究。
情景导学
We could see that she would back down if we stood firm.
我们可以看出，如果我们坚持立场，她会认输的。
Everyone of us should make great efforts to cut down on the use of energy in our daily life.
我们每个人都应该在日常生活中非常努力地减少能源的使用。
Our proposal was turned down，which made us very disappointed.
我们的建议被拒绝了，这使我们很失望。
He is used to setting down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are in his mind.
他习惯于把所有重要的思想都记在日记里，当它们还在脑子里时。
归纳拓展
①___________down记下；写下
②___________down砍倒
③cut down on削减
④___________down拒绝；关小；调低
完成句子
2-1（★★☆）汤姆上个周末不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
Tom had ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
2-2（★★☆）比如，如果你想减少开支，一个好的目标是在家里做早间咖啡，而不是去咖啡馆。
If you want to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ,a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe，for example.
2-3（★★☆）我所记得的关于前几天的一切是我在日记中记下的乏味的描述。
All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I ________ ________ ________ in my diary
2-4（★★☆）经理虽然年迈，但他不肯离职。
Old as the manager is he doesn’t want to ________ ________ ________ his position.
知识点3 restoration n.（旧建筑或旧家具等的）修复，整修
Among these is the clock restoration master，Wang Jin.
（教材P20）其中有钟表修复大师王津。
情景导学
The violence in Hong Kong has threatened its stability We would rather it restored its former order soon.
香港的暴行已经威胁到它的稳定。我们宁愿它尽快恢复以前的秩序。
The documentary movie Masters In Forbidden City focuses on ordinary people-the restorers of relics.
纪录片《我在故宫修文物》关注的是普通人—文物的修复者。
归纳拓展
①________vt.恢复，修复
②________n.修复者
单句语法填空
3-1（2017江苏，阅读理解D，★★★）In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness________（restore）the life-giving ice.
3-2（★★☆）The church tower which ________（restore）will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
3-3（★★☆）He quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on________ （restore） projects.
知识点4 take on呈现；雇用；承担
Following in the footsteps of his own teacher all those years ago，Mr. Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members，who will take on many of the future repairs.（教材P21）多年前，王先生步自己老师的后尘，现在他把自己的技能传授给了新成员，他们将承担未来的许多维修工作。
情景导学
Children who have outgoing friends will gradually take on optimistic personality over time.有着外向的朋友的孩子们随着时间的推移会逐渐呈现乐观的性格。
It’s said that the factory will take on more twenty workers to increase output.
据说这家工厂将多雇用二十名工人来增加产量。
For lack of necessary social experience，teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.由于缺乏必要的社会经验，青少年容易被骗子欺骗。
Intelligent enough，he will take over his father’s business in the coming year.
他足够聪明，明年他将接管他父亲的生意。
Since John is absent today，I’ll take up the work.
既然约翰今天缺席，我就继续做这项工作。
To his relief, all his efforts paid off and his career took off.
令他欣慰的是，他所有的努力都得到了回报，他的事业飞黄腾达。
归纳拓展
①take_________接管；控制
②take_________开始从事；继续；占据
③take_________起飞；突然成功；脱下
④take_________包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
单句语法填空
4-1（2016课标全国I，书面表达，★★☆）This summer I intend to take ________part-time job in a foreign company through which I would like to broaden my horizons，gain some working experience and meet new friends.
4-2（2016四川，阅读理解D，★★☆）The more fat you take ________before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
4-3（★★☆）To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour.it suggested some of the roles that mums could take________, including housekeeper part-time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer.
完成句子
4-4（★★☆）技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。
Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it _______ _______ _______ our lives.
4-5（★★☆）延迟的航班什么时候起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
When the delayed flight will _______ _______ depends much on the weather.
知识点5 preserve v.维护；保护；保存
This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills，the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.（教材P21）新一代的工匠不仅会帮助保存传统的技艺，他们给这项技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修理的艺术经受住时间的考验。
情景导学
Last year，he launched a website dedicated to the preservation of the ancient craft.
去年，他创办了一个网站，该网站致力于保护这种古老的工艺。
These traditional customs should be preserved and handed down from one generation to another.
这些传统习俗应该被保存下来并代代相传。
With the limited natural resources we should take action to preserve them from being wasted.
自然资源是有限的，我们应该采取行动来保护它们不被浪费。
归纳拓展
① preserve…__________保护……免受……
②__________n.保存；保留：保护
③ preserver n. __________
单句语法填空
5-1（2019天津，阅读理解A改编，★★☆）The major goal of understanding history is___________（preserve）national traditions.
5-2（★★☆）Loe is a master food___________ （preserve），gardener and canning expert.
完成句子
5-3（2017课标全国I，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）作为肯尼迪中心的爵士乐艺术顾问，Moran希望保留爵士乐的历史和文化。
As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
5-4（★★☆）早在冰箱出现之前，人们就需要冰来保存食物和提供餐饮服务。
Well before the arrival of freezers there was a demand for ice for ___________ ___________ and catering.
知识点6 ambitious adj.宏大的；艰巨的
Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects，many of which took years to complete.（教材P23）每一代人都认真地学习他们的手艺并从事艰巨的项目，其中许多项目花了几年时间才完成。
情景导学
“I’m an ambitious player, I want to improve and become better, ”said Kane.凯恩说：“我是一个雄心勃勃的运动员我想进步，变得更好。”
As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends to resign from the company.
由于没有机会实现他的理想，他打算从公司辞职。
She had always had an ambition to be a pilot.
她一直渴望当飞行员。
归纳拓展
① ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的；费力的
② ambition n.雄心；野心；夙愿；理想
③ an ambition ___________sth.做某事的理想
④___________one’s ambition实现某人的夙愿/理想
单句语法填空
6-1（2018浙江，阅读理解A，★★☆）No one will ever know what mix of talent ___________（ambitious）energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer。
6-2（★★☆）In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ___________（ambition）dictionary in the history of the English language.
完成句子
6-3（★★☆）我是一个雄心勃勃的作家，当我开始接受化疗时，尽管我是一个非常乐观的人，我却失去了写作的动力。
I’m ___________ ___________ ___________ , and when started going through chemo（化疗）even though I’m a very positive person，I lost my drive to write.
知识点7 associate v.与…有关
Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.（教材P23）
然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品与其说与他们联系在一起，倒不如说与皇家庭院联系在起。
情景导学
I always associate the fragrance of those flowers with my happy childhood.
我总是把那些花的香味和我快乐的童年联系在一起
In some Western countries the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck.
在一些西方国家，数字“13”通常与坏运气有关。
I don’t like you associating with those people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
I, representing our university’s student association，went to the airport to meet this year’s exchange students.
我代表我们大学的学生协会去机场迎接了今年的交换生。
归纳拓展
①associate…___________把……与……联系起来
②be___________ with与…有关系
③associate ___________ sb.与某人交往；（尤指）与某人混在一起
④___________n.协会；社团；交往；联系；联想
单句语法填空
7-1（2019课标全国I，七选五，★★☆）Just as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air _________ health care.
7-2（★★☆）Most positive emotions _________ （associate）with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we like.
7-3（★★★）This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress-at those moments，only the pleasure _________ （associate）with such activities comes to mind.
完成句子
7-4（★★☆）所以，如果你能接受我的申请，允许我成为你们协会的一员，我将十分感激。
So, I would really appreciate it if you can accept my application and allow me_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
知识点8 analysis n.分析；分析结果
An expository essay contains a fair and balanced analysis of an event，a situation or an idea.（教材P23）
一篇说明性的文章包含对一个事件、一种情况或一种观点的公平和公正的分析。
情景导学
As the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
正如植物学的分析结果所告诉我们的，这儿附近所有的田地曾是一个大的浅水湖的一部分。
Divided into four groups，the whole class began to analyse the problem.
全班分成四组，开始分析这个问题。
归纳拓展
① analysis的复数形式为__________
②__________v.分析
单句语法填空
8-1（2017江苏，阅读理解B，★★☆）A computer __________（analyse）blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarity.
8-2（★★☆）In __________analysis of 225 academic studies，researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.
8-3（★★☆）Previous studies have linked high exposure（暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems，but two __________（analysis）now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke（中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure.
答案：
知识点1
①to ②approach sth./sb.③be approaching
1-1 approaches考查名词的数。句意：通过支持和开发一组旨在防止骗子打通电话的工具、应用程序和方法，我们终于意识到问题的严重性。approach作方法讲时为可数名词，由and前的 tools和apps可知填approaches。
1-2 approaches考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：如果一个孩子走近他，他会停下来全心全意地对待那个孩子。含I引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”的原则，此题主句是一般将来时从句应用一般现在时；从句主语是 a child，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填 approaches。
1-3 studying考查非谓语动词。句意：在食物网数学模型的帮助下，科学家们发现了研究生态系统中物种的方法。空格处在句中作介词to的宾语，故用动名同形式。
1-4 was approaching
知识点2
①set ②cut ④turn
2-1 to turn down the invitation
2-2 cut down on your spending
2-3 had set down
2-4 back down from
知识点3
① restore ② restorer
3-1 will restore考查动词的时态。句意：在秘鲁，山上的冰川已经成为气候变化的受害者，在这种山周围的当地农民已经开始将整个山峰刷成白色，希望增加的反射率将恢复赋予生命的冰。根据句意可知，此处应用一般将来时。
3-2 is being restored考查动词的时态和语态。句意：正在修复的教堂塔楼不久将对游客开放。这项工作基本完成。由句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3-3 restoration考查词性转换。句意：他辞掉了工作基本完成。由句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3-3 restoration考查词性转换。句意：他辞掉了工作，成为一个致力于恢复项目的环保组织的全职志愿者。设空处为名词作定语。
知识点4
①over ②up ③off ④in
4-1 up考查固定短语。句意：这个暑假我打算在家外企做兼职，通过这份工作我想开阔视野，获得些工作经验并结交新朋友。take up在本句中意为“开始从事”。
4-2 in考查固定短语。句意：睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上你给身体的负担就越大。take in在本句中意为“吸收”。
4-3 on考查固定短语。句意：为了计算母亲们从那种劳动中能赚多少钱，研究建议母亲们可以承担一些角色，包括管家、兼职律师、私人教练和表演者。take on在本句中意为“承担”。
4-4 to take over 4-5 take off
知识点5
①from ② preservation ③保护者；保存者
5-1 to preserve考查非谓语动词。句意：理解历史的主要目的是保存民族传统。空格处为动词不定式作表语。
5-2 preserver考查名词。句意：Loe是一个专业的食物保存员、园艺爱好者和装罐专家。空格处与空后的 gardener和 canning expert并列，空格处应用名词，且表示“保存者”，应用名词preserver。空前有a修饰，故填 preserver。
5-3 preserve its history and culture
5-4 food preservation
知识点6
③to do④ achieve
6-1 ambition考查词性转换。句意：从来没有人知道是什么样的天赋、雄心、精力和运气的结合使狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。空格处在句中作of的宾语应用名词形式；由句意可知此处表示“雄心”，名词ambition表示“雄心”时是不可数名词，故填 ambition。
6-2 ambitious考查词性转换。句意：1879年，英国牛津大学邀请 Prof. James Murray担任将是英语语言史上最费力的词典的编辑。空格处在句中作定语，意为“费力的”，应用形容词 ambitious。
6-3 an ambitious writer
知识点7
①with ② associated ③with ④association
7-1with考查介词。句意：同样重要的是，我们往往把新鲜空气与医疗护理联系在一起。associate…with…意为“把…与……联系起来”。
7-2 are associated考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：大多数积极情绪都与趋近行为有关：我们更接近我们喜欢的人。associate与 emotions为被动关系，故应用被动语态。此处陈述某一事实，应用一般现在时；空格处对应的主语是 Most positive emotions，谓语应用复数形式。故填 are associated。
7-3 associated考查形容词。句意：对于在压力下试图抵御吃小甜饼干或吸烟的诱惑的任何人来说，这种现象很可能并不令人惊奇—在那些时刻，只有与这种活动相关的快乐会浮现在脑海中。be associated with意为“与……有关系”，故填 associated。
7-4 to be a member of your association
知识点8
① analyses ② analyse
8-1 analysis考查词性转换。句意：计算机分析盲目地比较妈妈和小鸡发出的叫声，并根据相似度对它们进行排序。设空处作主语，应该用名词形式。
8-2 an考查冠词。句意：在对225项学术研究的项分析中，研究人员发现了生活满意度与成功的业务结果之间因果关系的有力证据。
8-3 analyses考查名词复数形式。句意：之前的研究已经把高度暴露在被污染的环境中与增加的患心脏病的风险联系到一起，但两项分析现在表明，空气质量差可能导致心脏病发作或中风，发病时间可能在暴露后短短几小时内。由设空处前的two可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
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知识点1 approach vt.&vi.接近；靠近n.接近；方法；道路
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated.（教材P15）
虽然坎宁安是世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式并不复杂。
情景导学
To prevent the spread of the infectious disease，all the approaches to the city were blocked off by the police.
为了防止这种传染病的传播，所有通往这个城市的道路都被警察封锁了。
As the summer vacation is approaching，many parents plan to pick out some training courses for their children.
随着暑假的临近，许多家长计划为他们的孩子挑选些培训课程。
I approached her and patted her on the shoulder，but she turned her back to me, making me feel embarrassed.
我走近她，拍了拍她的肩膀，但她转身背对着我，让我觉得很尴尬。
归纳拓展
① an approach____________……的方法/通往……的道路
② ____________靠近/接近某物/某人
③ …____________……快到了
链接高考
单句语法填空
1-1（2019北京，阅读理解C，★★☆）We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and __________（approach）intended to prevent scammers from getting through.
1-2（2019天津，阅读表达，★★☆）If a child __________（approach）him，he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.
1-3（2019天津，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）With the help of mathematical models of food webs, scientists have discovered the approaches to __________（study） the species in the ecosystems.
完成句子
1-4（★★☆）一旦灯塔有了电话机，看守人就会互相打电话警告说检查员就要
来了。
Once lighthouses had telephones，keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector__________ __________.
知识点2 back down放弃；认输
Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert, he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.（教材P19）
他与家人分开多年，忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件，他拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续进行科学研究。
情景导学
We could see that she would back down if we stood firm.
我们可以看出，如果我们坚持立场，她会认输的。
Everyone of us should make great efforts to cut down on the use of energy in our daily life.
我们每个人都应该在日常生活中非常努力地减少能源的使用。
Our proposal was turned down，which made us very disappointed.
我们的建议被拒绝了，这使我们很失望。
He is used to setting down all his important thoughts in his diary when they are in his mind.
他习惯于把所有重要的思想都记在日记里，当它们还在脑子里时。
归纳拓展
①___________down记下；写下
②___________down砍倒
③cut down on削减
④___________down拒绝；关小；调低
完成句子
2-1（★★☆）汤姆上个周末不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。
Tom had ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
2-2（★★☆）比如，如果你想减少开支，一个好的目标是在家里做早间咖啡，而不是去咖啡馆。
If you want to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ,a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe，for example.
2-3（★★☆）我所记得的关于前几天的一切是我在日记中记下的乏味的描述。
All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I ________ ________ ________ in my diary
2-4（★★☆）经理虽然年迈，但他不肯离职。
Old as the manager is he doesn’t want to ________ ________ ________ his position.
知识点3 restoration n.（旧建筑或旧家具等的）修复，整修
Among these is the clock restoration master，Wang Jin.
（教材P20）其中有钟表修复大师王津。
情景导学
The violence in Hong Kong has threatened its stability We would rather it restored its former order soon.
香港的暴行已经威胁到它的稳定。我们宁愿它尽快恢复以前的秩序。
The documentary movie Masters In Forbidden City focuses on ordinary people-the restorers of relics.
纪录片《我在故宫修文物》关注的是普通人—文物的修复者。
归纳拓展
①________vt.恢复，修复
②________n.修复者
单句语法填空
3-1（2017江苏，阅读理解D，★★★）In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness________（restore）the life-giving ice.
3-2（★★☆）The church tower which ________（restore）will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
3-3（★★☆）He quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on________ （restore） projects.
知识点4 take on呈现；雇用；承担
Following in the footsteps of his own teacher all those years ago，Mr. Wang has now passed on his skills to the new members，who will take on many of the future repairs.（教材P21）多年前，王先生步自己老师的后尘，现在他把自己的技能传授给了新成员，他们将承担未来的许多维修工作。
情景导学
Children who have outgoing friends will gradually take on optimistic personality over time.有着外向的朋友的孩子们随着时间的推移会逐渐呈现乐观的性格。
It’s said that the factory will take on more twenty workers to increase output.
据说这家工厂将多雇用二十名工人来增加产量。
For lack of necessary social experience，teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.由于缺乏必要的社会经验，青少年容易被骗子欺骗。
Intelligent enough，he will take over his father’s business in the coming year.
他足够聪明，明年他将接管他父亲的生意。
Since John is absent today，I’ll take up the work.
既然约翰今天缺席，我就继续做这项工作。
To his relief, all his efforts paid off and his career took off.
令他欣慰的是，他所有的努力都得到了回报，他的事业飞黄腾达。
归纳拓展
①take_________接管；控制
②take_________开始从事；继续；占据
③take_________起飞；突然成功；脱下
④take_________包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
单句语法填空
4-1（2016课标全国I，书面表达，★★☆）This summer I intend to take ________part-time job in a foreign company through which I would like to broaden my horizons，gain some working experience and meet new friends.
4-2（2016四川，阅读理解D，★★☆）The more fat you take ________before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
4-3（★★☆）To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour.it suggested some of the roles that mums could take________, including housekeeper part-time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer.
完成句子
4-4（★★☆）技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。
Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it _______ _______ _______ our lives.
4-5（★★☆）延迟的航班什么时候起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
When the delayed flight will _______ _______ depends much on the weather.
知识点5 preserve v.维护；保护；保存
This new generation of artisans will not only help preserve traditional skills，the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure that the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.（教材P21）新一代的工匠不仅会帮助保存传统的技艺，他们给这项技艺带来的创新也将确保钟表修理的艺术经受住时间的考验。
情景导学
Last year，he launched a website dedicated to the preservation of the ancient craft.
去年，他创办了一个网站，该网站致力于保护这种古老的工艺。
These traditional customs should be preserved and handed down from one generation to another.
这些传统习俗应该被保存下来并代代相传。
With the limited natural resources we should take action to preserve them from being wasted.
自然资源是有限的，我们应该采取行动来保护它们不被浪费。
归纳拓展
① preserve…__________保护……免受……
②__________n.保存；保留：保护
③ preserver n. __________
单句语法填空
5-1（2019天津，阅读理解A改编，★★☆）The major goal of understanding history is___________（preserve）national traditions.
5-2（★★☆）Loe is a master food___________ （preserve），gardener and canning expert.
完成句子
5-3（2017课标全国I，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）作为肯尼迪中心的爵士乐艺术顾问，Moran希望保留爵士乐的历史和文化。
As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________.
5-4（★★☆）早在冰箱出现之前，人们就需要冰来保存食物和提供餐饮服务。
Well before the arrival of freezers there was a demand for ice for ___________ ___________ and catering.
知识点6 ambitious adj.宏大的；艰巨的
Each generation conscientiously learnt their craft and undertook ambitious projects，many of which took years to complete.（教材P23）每一代人都认真地学习他们的手艺并从事艰巨的项目，其中许多项目花了几年时间才完成。
情景导学
“I’m an ambitious player, I want to improve and become better, ”said Kane.凯恩说：“我是一个雄心勃勃的运动员我想进步，变得更好。”
As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends to resign from the company.
由于没有机会实现他的理想，他打算从公司辞职。
She had always had an ambition to be a pilot.
她一直渴望当飞行员。
归纳拓展
① ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的；费力的
② ambition n.雄心；野心；夙愿；理想
③ an ambition ___________sth.做某事的理想
④___________one’s ambition实现某人的夙愿/理想
单句语法填空
6-1（2018浙江，阅读理解A，★★☆）No one will ever know what mix of talent ___________（ambitious）energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer。
6-2（★★☆）In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ___________（ambition）dictionary in the history of the English language.
完成句子
6-3（★★☆）我是一个雄心勃勃的作家，当我开始接受化疗时，尽管我是一个非常乐观的人，我却失去了写作的动力。
I’m ___________ ___________ ___________ , and when started going through chemo（化疗）even though I’m a very positive person，I lost my drive to write.
知识点7 associate v.与…有关
Yet they did not seek fame，and even today，their great works are associated more with the imperial court than with them.（教材P23）
然而，他们并不追求名声，即使在今天，他们的伟大作品与其说与他们联系在一起，倒不如说与皇家庭院联系在起。
情景导学
I always associate the fragrance of those flowers with my happy childhood.
我总是把那些花的香味和我快乐的童年联系在一起
In some Western countries the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck.
在一些西方国家，数字“13”通常与坏运气有关。
I don’t like you associating with those people.
我不喜欢你和那些人混在一起。
I, representing our university’s student association，went to the airport to meet this year’s exchange students.
我代表我们大学的学生协会去机场迎接了今年的交换生。
归纳拓展
①associate…___________把……与……联系起来
②be___________ with与…有关系
③associate ___________ sb.与某人交往；（尤指）与某人混在一起
④___________n.协会；社团；交往；联系；联想
单句语法填空
7-1（2019课标全国I，七选五，★★☆）Just as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air _________ health care.
7-2（★★☆）Most positive emotions _________ （associate）with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we like.
7-3（★★★）This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress-at those moments，only the pleasure _________ （associate）with such activities comes to mind.
完成句子
7-4（★★☆）所以，如果你能接受我的申请，允许我成为你们协会的一员，我将十分感激。
So, I would really appreciate it if you can accept my application and allow me_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
知识点8 analysis n.分析；分析结果
An expository essay contains a fair and balanced analysis of an event，a situation or an idea.（教材P23）
一篇说明性的文章包含对一个事件、一种情况或一种观点的公平和公正的分析。
情景导学
As the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
正如植物学的分析结果所告诉我们的，这儿附近所有的田地曾是一个大的浅水湖的一部分。
Divided into four groups，the whole class began to analyse the problem.
全班分成四组，开始分析这个问题。
归纳拓展
① analysis的复数形式为__________
②__________v.分析
单句语法填空
8-1（2017江苏，阅读理解B，★★☆）A computer __________（analyse）blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarity.
8-2（★★☆）In __________analysis of 225 academic studies，researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.
8-3（★★☆）Previous studies have linked high exposure（暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problems，but two __________（analysis）now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke（中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure.
答案：
知识点1
①to ②approach sth./sb.③be approaching
1-1 approaches考查名词的数。句意：通过支持和开发一组旨在防止骗子打通电话的工具、应用程序和方法，我们终于意识到问题的严重性。approach作方法讲时为可数名词，由and前的 tools和apps可知填approaches。
1-2 approaches考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：如果一个孩子走近他，他会停下来全心全意地对待那个孩子。含I引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”的原则，此题主句是一般将来时从句应用一般现在时；从句主语是 a child，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。故填 approaches。
1-3 studying考查非谓语动词。句意：在食物网数学模型的帮助下，科学家们发现了研究生态系统中物种的方法。空格处在句中作介词to的宾语，故用动名同形式。
1-4 was approaching
知识点2
①set ②cut ④turn
2-1 to turn down the invitation
2-2 cut down on your spending
2-3 had set down
2-4 back down from
知识点3
① restore ② restorer
3-1 will restore考查动词的时态。句意：在秘鲁，山上的冰川已经成为气候变化的受害者，在这种山周围的当地农民已经开始将整个山峰刷成白色，希望增加的反射率将恢复赋予生命的冰。根据句意可知，此处应用一般将来时。
3-2 is being restored考查动词的时态和语态。句意：正在修复的教堂塔楼不久将对游客开放。这项工作基本完成。由句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3-3 restoration考查词性转换。句意：他辞掉了工作基本完成。由句意可知，此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
3-3 restoration考查词性转换。句意：他辞掉了工作，成为一个致力于恢复项目的环保组织的全职志愿者。设空处为名词作定语。
知识点4
①over ②up ③off ④in
4-1 up考查固定短语。句意：这个暑假我打算在家外企做兼职，通过这份工作我想开阔视野，获得些工作经验并结交新朋友。take up在本句中意为“开始从事”。
4-2 in考查固定短语。句意：睡前摄入的脂肪越多，晚上你给身体的负担就越大。take in在本句中意为“吸收”。
4-3 on考查固定短语。句意：为了计算母亲们从那种劳动中能赚多少钱，研究建议母亲们可以承担一些角色，包括管家、兼职律师、私人教练和表演者。take on在本句中意为“承担”。
4-4 to take over 4-5 take off
知识点5
①from ② preservation ③保护者；保存者
5-1 to preserve考查非谓语动词。句意：理解历史的主要目的是保存民族传统。空格处为动词不定式作表语。
5-2 preserver考查名词。句意：Loe是一个专业的食物保存员、园艺爱好者和装罐专家。空格处与空后的 gardener和 canning expert并列，空格处应用名词，且表示“保存者”，应用名词preserver。空前有a修饰，故填 preserver。
5-3 preserve its history and culture
5-4 food preservation
知识点6
③to do④ achieve
6-1 ambition考查词性转换。句意：从来没有人知道是什么样的天赋、雄心、精力和运气的结合使狄更斯成为如此杰出的作家。空格处在句中作of的宾语应用名词形式；由句意可知此处表示“雄心”，名词ambition表示“雄心”时是不可数名词，故填 ambition。
6-2 ambitious考查词性转换。句意：1879年，英国牛津大学邀请 Prof. James Murray担任将是英语语言史上最费力的词典的编辑。空格处在句中作定语，意为“费力的”，应用形容词 ambitious。
6-3 an ambitious writer
知识点7
①with ② associated ③with ④association
7-1with考查介词。句意：同样重要的是，我们往往把新鲜空气与医疗护理联系在一起。associate…with…意为“把…与……联系起来”。
7-2 are associated考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：大多数积极情绪都与趋近行为有关：我们更接近我们喜欢的人。associate与 emotions为被动关系，故应用被动语态。此处陈述某一事实，应用一般现在时；空格处对应的主语是 Most positive emotions，谓语应用复数形式。故填 are associated。
7-3 associated考查形容词。句意：对于在压力下试图抵御吃小甜饼干或吸烟的诱惑的任何人来说，这种现象很可能并不令人惊奇—在那些时刻，只有与这种活动相关的快乐会浮现在脑海中。be associated with意为“与……有关系”，故填 associated。
7-4 to be a member of your association
知识点8
① analyses ② analyse
8-1 analysis考查词性转换。句意：计算机分析盲目地比较妈妈和小鸡发出的叫声，并根据相似度对它们进行排序。设空处作主语，应该用名词形式。
8-2 an考查冠词。句意：在对225项学术研究的项分析中，研究人员发现了生活满意度与成功的业务结果之间因果关系的有力证据。
8-3 analyses考查名词复数形式。句意：之前的研究已经把高度暴露在被污染的环境中与增加的患心脏病的风险联系到一起，但两项分析现在表明，空气质量差可能导致心脏病发作或中风，发病时间可能在暴露后短短几小时内。由设空处前的two可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。
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