(共74张PPT)
Extended reading—乐读·浸润学科素养
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．indeed adv. 其实，实际上；的确；真正地
2．well meaning adj. 出于好心的，善意的
3．thorough adj. 彻底的，全面的；仔细的
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． vi. 试图；寻找；争取
vt. 寻求；寻找
2． vi.& vt. 逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；
被遗忘
n. 逃离，逃脱
3． n. 时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻
4． n. 一伙人，一帮人；人群
vt. 挤满，使拥挤
vi. 聚 集；挤，涌
seek
escape
moment
crowd
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflect v．映射；反射；思考
2． n．优势，益处，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的，有利的
3． vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→comfortable adj.自在的；舒适的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的
4． n．高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣→joyful adj.快乐的；高兴的
5． n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→fail v．失败
reflection
benefit
comfort
joy
failure
6． vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n．认识；认出
7． n．死，死亡；死亡状态→die v．死；死亡→dead adj.死的；失去生命的
8． n．陪伴，作伴；公司→accompany vt.陪伴；为……伴奏→companion n．伙伴；伴侣；同伴
9． n．诗人→poetry n．诗(总称)；诗意→poem n．诗
10． vt.钦佩；欣赏→admiration n．敬佩；钦佩；羡慕
recognize
death
company
poet
admire
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 消除(问题)，克服(困难)
2． 注定要做某事，应做某事
3． 呈现，具有
4． 最大程度地，最大限度地
smooth out
be meant to do sth.
take on
in full measure
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.(find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do ...)
我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。
写佳句 There are two entrances to the parking place now, so we _____
________________it now.
停车场现在有两个入口，所以我们觉得现在进去更容易了。
find
it easier to enter
2.
悟原句 Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.(it should be pointed out that ...“应该指出的是……”)
最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。
写佳句 all Chinese visiting scholars strictly followed the secret protection requirements.
应该指出的是，所有中国的访问学者都是严格遵守保密规定的。
It should be pointed out that
第一遍 泛读通文意
Of Friendship
As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. Social life is also important to us. More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
As we live in social groups, there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”： they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans.
The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.
The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well meaning and wise friends. We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one sided. On the other hand, our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also, when we want to talk our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.
The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways. Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills. They can help us achieve what we want during life and, perhaps, even after death.
Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way, we can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends.
(Adapted from “Of Friendship”，an essay written by Francis Bacon, a great English writer, scientist and philosopher)
[参考译文]
论友谊
走在人生的道路上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。不过，在追求独处时，须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。社交生活对我们同样重要。通常，亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。
[句式释解]
句 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the sometimes rocky road。
因为我们置身于社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。总体而言，亲密友谊的“硕果”有三：抚慰心灵，启迪思维，帮我们实现既定目标。通过友谊，我们可以变成更幸福、更睿智、更满足的人。
[句式释解]
句 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词benefits。
友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。在此，友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半。当然，这种开诚布公源于亲密无间的友谊。与真正的朋友，我们可以毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。我们知道，好友既会尊重我们的情感，也会珍视这些亲密的时光。实际上，人的内心离不开这些机会来获取慰藉和庇护。
[句式释解]
句 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the peace。
友谊的第二个硕果是，通过与善意和明智的朋友交谈可以获得更好的理解力和判断力。我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。因此，如果只跟着自己的感觉走，我们的判断可能就是片面的。另一方面，在我们必须要做出的重大决定上，朋友往往能给出更好的建议。此外，想和朋友聊聊自己的问题时，我们首先得把自己的想法付诸语言。单是这点，就能让我们更好地厘清思路，并对自身的问题有更透彻的认识。
[句式释解]
句 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the better understanding and judgement。
句 it作形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own作真正的宾语，easier作宾语补足语。
友谊的第三个硕果是朋友以各种不同的方式可以为我们提供的帮助。有时，朋友甚至被誉为我们的“第二个自己”。生活中有太多事，只有在朋友的帮助下才能成功。朋友也许拥有诸多不同的想法和技能。他们能帮助我们在生前，甚至是在我们故去之后，获得我们想要之物。
[句式释解]
句 本句含有there be句型；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词many things。
句 what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。
最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。朋友要谨慎选择，友情需用心经营。如此，我们才能在挚友的抚慰、建议和帮助下，更好地走过“人生之路”。
[句式释解]
句 it should be pointed out that ...“应该指出的是……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语。
(改写自英国伟大的作家、科学家和哲学家弗朗西斯·培根的随笔《论友谊》)
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
Read the text quickly and match the main idea of each part.
Paragraph 1 A．Three “fruits” of friendship.
Paragraphs 2～5 B．Close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road.
Paragraph 6 C．Advice on making friends.
答案：Paragraph 1：B Paragraphs 2～5：A
Paragraph 6：C
步骤二再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第一段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Why do we wish to be alone with our own thoughts sometimes
A．We are tired of being with friends.
B．Periods of reflection can make us have personal improvement.
C．We want to escape from the world.
D．Social life is not important to us.
(2)When we seek to be alone, what should we pay attention to
A．We should not always escape into our own world.
B．We should let our friends help us.
C．We should not pay attention to social life.
D．We should always depend on ourselves.
答案：(1)B (2)A
2．表达的技巧
(1)第1行中使用了as引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，此句为主从复合句，是写作中的高级句式。
(完成句子)
, we became the best friends.
随着时间的流逝，我们成了最好的朋友。
(2)第3行中使用了副词however，表示转折。可以在写作时用however代替but，但要注意需用逗号与后面隔开。
(完成句子)
She is young, , she is very experienced.
她很年轻，然而，她非常有经验。
As time went by
however
(3)第8行使用了短语be meant to do sth.“注定要做某事”，来表示我们注定要走的路。
(完成句子)
His hard work .
他的努力工作注定会得到回报。
is meant to pay off
阅读文章第二至五段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)How many “fruits” of friendship are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
(2)Which advantage of friendship is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．Comfort the heart.
B．Lend us some money.
C．Help us reach our goals.
D．Advise the head.
(3)What does the first “fruit” of friendship come from
A．One who has joy, sadness, success and failure.
B．A friend who respects our feelings.
C．A person who is free from failure.
D．An individual with whom we can share our joy, sadness, success and failure.
答案：(1)～(3) CBD
(4)What does the word “This” in the last sentence of Paragraph 4 refer to
When we want to talk our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第14～15行使用了happier, wiser和more satisfied三个并列形容词的比较级，表达出友谊的重要性。
(单句语法填空)
Exercise makes me (healthy), more energetic and more fulfilled.
(2)第21行使用了副词naturally作状语，修饰整个句子，在这里也起到衔接过渡的作用。
(单句语法填空)
(natural), I get upset when things go wrong.
healthier
Naturally
(3)第31行使用了短语as a result“因此”来表示结果。在写作中可以用as a result来代替so，是写作中的亮点表达。
(完成句子)
He got up late today. , he missed the first bus.
他今天起晚了，因此，错过了第一班公共汽车。
(4)第33行使用了短语on the other hand“另一方面”，使文章表达更有条理。此短语常与on (the) one hand连用，表示“一方面”，用来表述事物的不同方面。
(完成句子)
My suggestions are as follows: , it is a good idea to read loudly; , watching more English movies is also very useful.
我的建议如下：一方面，大声朗读是个好主意；另一方面，多看一些英文电影也很有用。
As a result
on (the) one hand
on the other hand
阅读文章第六段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．A carefully chosen friend will bring us advantages.
B．People can succeed as soon as they have friends.
C．Individuals can choose friends carelessly.
D．We ought to enjoy the company of a crowd.
答案：A
(2)Is enjoying the company of a crowd the same as being with friends？Why
No. Because friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第47行使用了副词finally作为过渡词，使文章表达连贯，衔接性强。用好过渡词在写作中尤为重要，能使文章逻辑清晰、条理分明、结构连贯。
(完成句子)
, I would like to thank you all for coming here today.
最后，我感谢大家今天的光临。
(2)第50行使用了副词carefully修饰动词choose和develop，表示在选择朋友和发展友谊时要谨慎。副词修饰动词，常用来具体说明动词的某些特征。
(单句语法填空)
She put the glass down (careful)．
Finally
carefully
步骤三|读后理层次结构，
析有何逻辑
课文标题“Of Friendship”直接点明了文章的主题“友谊”。本文的写作结构为“总—分—总”结构。第一段作者开篇立意：友谊对每个人来说都十分重要；接下来，分三个层面论述了“友谊之果”，即友谊的三种功效：抚慰心灵、启迪智慧、帮助我们实现既定目标；最后就如何交友给出忠告。文中包含了大量的说理论证，逻辑性强，语言简约，充满智慧，很多语句可以作为名言警句反思回味。
阅读技巧：此类文章常考查推理判断题，解题时应在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，从而确定最佳结论。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
在文章第6～8行作者提出自己的观点“close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel”，启发学生反思友谊的真谛，同时在第12～13行中具体指出友谊的三个“硕果”： comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals，帮助学生领悟友谊对于人生的重要性，引领学生珍惜友谊，正确交友，从而树立积极健康的友谊观。
阅读下面语段，感悟怎样正确地与朋友相处：
We should try to deal with a problem on our own first before we turn to our friends for guidance.Independent thinking gives us the freedom to search inside ourselves.We can share our thoughts with our friends and benefit from their opinions, but we alone are responsible for our decisions.
1．As we walk the “path of life”， we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement.
走在人生的道路上，有时我们可能希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我的完善。
★reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映
[用法感知]
①On reflection, we decided to change our plan.
经再三考虑，我们决定改变计划。
②(以文化人助写作)What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique culture of our school.
更重要的是，传统的中国服装不能反映我们学校独特的文化。
③The start of a new year is a good time to reflect on the many mistakes of the past.
新年伊始是反思过去一年诸多错误的好时机。
[归纳点拨]
(1)on/upon reflection 经再三考虑
(2)reflect vt. 反射(声、光、热等)；反映；
映出(影像)
vi. 仔细思考，深思
reflect on/upon 认真思考
be reflected in 倒映在；反映在
(3)reflective adj. 沉思的；深思的；反光的；典型的
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Usually a child's behaviour is a (reflect) of his family relationship and growth environment.
⑤On dark nights, children should wear (reflect) clothes.
⑥It seems beautiful that the tall buildings (reflect) in the lake around which there are many trees.
reflection
reflective
are reflected
(2)完成句子
⑦You must your plans for the future.
你必须认真思考将来的计划。
⑧At first I thought it was a bad idea, but I realized she was right.
最初我认为那是个坏主意，但经过再三考虑，我意识到她是对的。
reflect on
on reflection
2．However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world.
不过，在追求独处时，须小心，我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。
★seek vi.试图；寻找；争取vt.寻求；寻找
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)When seeking the increase of economy, many areas should also care about the environment.
当追求经济增长的时候，许多地区也应关心环境问题。
②We are all seeking after happiness while few of us know what is happiness.
我们都在寻求幸福，但我们当中很少有人知道幸福是什么。
③We seek to find a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
我们寻求一种方法使我们与周围的人和睦相处。
[归纳点拨]
seek (for) sth. 寻找/追求某物
seek after 追求；寻求
seek out 找出；找到
seek to do sth. 设法做某事
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④I sought (persuade) him, but in vain.
⑤All men have the right to seek happiness.
⑥I am busy doing homework, playing sports, making friends, and _____________
my dreams.
我忙于做作业、做运动、交朋友和追寻梦想。
⑦Through role play children can regularities and rules in acquiring language.
通过角色扮演，孩子可以找到学习语言的规律和规则。
to persuade
after/for
seeking after
seek out
★escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘n.逃离，逃脱
[用法感知] (写出下列各句中escape的含义)
①The little bird was lucky enough to escape being caught. _____
②At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place. _____
③I've met her before, but her name escaped me. ______
④She was lucky to have a narrow escape. _____
逃脱
逃跑
被遗忘
逃脱
归纳点拨 (1)escape from ... 从……逃跑
escape (doing) sth. 逃避(做)某事
(2)sth. escape(s) sb. 某物被某人遗忘；未被注意
(3)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生
名师点津 escape意为“被忘掉，被忽视”时，主语通常是物，且不用于被动语态。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
⑤The driver managed to escape the vehicle and shouted for help.
⑥The naughty student managed to escape (punish)．
(2)完成句子
⑦They had when a car crashed into their car.
当一辆车撞上他们的车时，他们死里逃生。
⑧Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but , which made me embarrassed.
昨天，我碰见了我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我很尴尬。
from
punishment/being punished
a narrow escape
his name escaped me
3．As we live in social groups, there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy.
因为我们置身于社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。
★benefit n．优势，益处，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于
[用法感知]
①There are various types of tea that offer different health benefits and flavors.
有各种类型的茶，它们口味不同，带来的健康益处也不同。
②(以文化人助写作)Doing morning exercises benefits our health, that's to say, we benefit from it.
做早操对我们的健康有益，也就是说我们从中受益。
③Although a sudden change can be a bad thing, it might often be beneficial in the long run.
尽管突然的改变可能是一件坏事，但从长远来看，它往往是有益的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be of great benefit to 对……大有裨益
for the benefit of 为了……的利益
to one's benefit 对某人有利
(2)benefit from 得益于
(3)beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的
be beneficial to 对……有益/有利
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④A large number of students will benefit the new teaching method.
⑤Cooperation means working together the benefit of all.
(2)一句多译
低碳的生活方式有益于改善世界环境。
⑥Low carbon lifestyle improving the world environment.
⑦Low carbon lifestyle improving the world environment.
from
for
is beneficial to
is of benefit to
4．The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure.
友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。
★failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
[用法感知]
①There was much discussion about the reasons for the failure.
就失败的原因进行了大量的讨论。
②Don't play all the time, or you will fail in the examination.
不要整天玩，否则你会无法通过考试。
③She failed to gain admission to the university of her choice.
她没有被自己选择的大学录取。
[归纳点拨]
fail v． 失败；未能做到
fail in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面不成功
fail to do sth. 没能做成某事
[名师点津] failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者，失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。类似用法的词有：
单词 不可数 可数
success 成功 成功的人/事
danger 危险 危险的人/因素
surprise 吃惊 意想不到的事
beauty 美丽 美人
pleasure 快乐 快乐的事/人
[应用融会] (单句语法填空)
④ (fail) can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to make use of it.
⑤Because of carelessness, he failed (pass) the driving test.
⑥He failed in (admit) to a university.
Failure
to pass
being admitted
5．Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved!
在此，友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义，而麻烦在分担之后减半！
★take on呈现，具有
[用法感知]
①With the development of science and technology, my hometown has taken on a new look.
随着科技的发展，我家乡的面貌焕然一新。
②These books must not be taken away from the library.
这些书不能从图书馆带走。
③He didn't take in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
他没有把读到的东西放在心上，因为他的注意力集中在别的东西上。
[归纳点拨]
take away 拿走；消除
take down 写下，记下；拆卸
take over 接管
take up 从事；占据；继续
take off 脱下；起飞；成功
take in 吸收；欺骗
[应用融会] (用适当的介、副词填空)
④Meetings and phone calls take a large part of the day.
⑤The new dictionary has really taken .
⑥Our club plans to take 20 new members.
⑦Can you take my job while I am away on holiday
⑧The house where I grew up has been taken and replaced by an office building.
⑨It is always good to take something new from your visit.
up
off
in
over
down
away
6．We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.
我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。
★recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Don't wait for a smile to be nice, and don't wait to be lonely to recognize the value of a friend.
不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善，不要等到寂寞时才明白朋友的价值。
②It is recognized that traffic jam has become a serious problem to citizens.
人们认识到，交通堵塞已成为市民面临的一个严重问题。
③He is recognized as the representative figure in this field.
他被公认为是这一领域的代表人物。
[归纳点拨]
(1)recognize sb./one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognize sb./sth. as/to be 承认……是……
recognize that ... 承认……
It is recognized that ... 人们认识到……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond recognition 无法辨认
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④He is recognized (be) one of the greatest scientists.
⑤I went back to my hometown after 20 years, only to find the city had changed beyond (recognize)．
to be
recognition
(2)句式升级
⑥People recognize that air pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
→Air pollution become one of the most serious problems that people face.(被动句)
→ air pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.(主语从句)
is recognized to have
It is recognized that
★find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do ...
[归纳点拨]
在find it easier to recognize ...中，it作形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people's weaknesses作真正的宾语，形容词比较级easier作宾语补足语。
(1)常用于以上结构的动词还有：think, feel, make, consider等；
(2)宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词；
(3)真正的宾语可以是不定式、动名词或从句。
①The wide use of mobile phones and computers makes it convenient for us to communicate.
手机和电脑的广泛使用使我们交流起来很方便。
②I consider it no use advising him to quit smoking.
我认为劝说他戒烟是没有用的。
③We all think it our duty that we should study hard.
我们都认为努力学习是我们的职责。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④My car makes possible for me to get to my office on time.
⑤We thought it no good (explain) to him what had happened.
⑥I've found it interesting (talk) with foreigners in English.
it
explaining
to talk
(2)完成句子
⑦Mastering the technology to use the Internet more effectively.
精通这项技术让我们能够更加有效地使用互联网。
⑧We Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
我们认为有必要邀请史密斯教授在会议上讲话。
makes it possible for us
think it necessary to invite
7．Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。
★company n．陪伴，作伴；公司
[用法感知]
①My grandma came to keep me company while my parents were out.
奶奶在我父母外出时过来陪我。
②It would be a great idea if you travelled in the company of someone who is familiar with these regions.
如果你在熟悉这些地区的人的陪伴下旅行，那将是一个好主意。
③There was strong wind accompanied by heavy rain last night.
昨天晚上狂风伴随着大雨。
[归纳点拨]
(1)keep pany 陪伴某人
in company of 在……的陪伴下
(2)accompany vt. 伴随，陪同；为……伴奏
accompany sb.to someplace 陪伴某人去某地
accompany sb.at/on sth. 用……为某人伴奏
be accompanied by/with 伴随……；由……陪同
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④I don't think it's necessary for parents to accompany their children college.
⑤While she danced on the stage, her mother accompanied her the piano.
⑥Children, when (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
(2)一句多译
我生病时，我的朋友过来陪我去医院。
⑦My friend came to when I was ill. (accompany)
⑧My friend came to when I was ill. (company)
to
on/at
accompanied
accompany me to hospital
keep me company to hospital
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many people in their lifetime avoid or do not even (试图) to find the answer to that question.
2．To their relief, their students narrowly (逃脱) from the shaking building.
3．Every (时刻) of every day, energy is being transformed from one form into another.
4．When she heard the news that her son won the game, she burst with (高兴)．
5．The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the (人群)．
seek
escaped
moment
joy
crowd
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The (reflect) from the street lamps gave them just enough light.
2．He would not be (comfort) in any other clothes.
3．The process was (benefit) to both supplier and customer.
4．The success or (fail) of the plan depends on you.
5．She was looking as (thorough) tidy as ever.
6．Police are still trying to investigate the cause of (die)．
reflection
comfortable
beneficial
failure
thoroughly
death
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．I am sure everyone will .
我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。
2．He a hard working and honest person.
人们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。
3．Festivals important events of the year.
节日是为了庆祝一年中的重要事件。
benefit a lot from this activity
is recognized to be/as
are meant to celebrate
4．You'll what you are interested in.
你会发现做你感兴趣的事情很有帮助。
5．I feel ease my good friends.
在好朋友们的陪伴下，我感到很放松。
find it quite helpful to do
in the company of
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
There are many 1. (benefit) of friendship that we can enjoy. 2.__________ (general) speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”： the peace that comes from 3. (share) with friends our joy, sadness, success and 4. _______ (fail), the better understanding and 5. (judge)that may be achieved through conversations with well meaning and wise friends and the help that a friend may offer 6. many different ways. Through friendship, we can become 7. (happy), wiser and more satisfied humans. Finally, it should be pointed 8. that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same 9. being with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully 10.__________ (develop)．
benefits
Generally
sharing
failure
judgement
in
happier
out
as
developed
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共29张PPT)
Grammar and usage—语法·提升语言能力
语法项目——关系代词引导的定语从句
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟
A Girl Who Is Good At Drawing
Mary whose① drawings were shown at the exhibition last month is a model student who② is often praised for her good works at school. As soon as people visited the exhibition, their eyes were caught by a picture which③ was hung on the wall. The horse drawn in the picture was exactly the very one that④ was galloping (奔驰) like a real horse. Many people believed it was the best picture that⑤ they had ever seen.
However, Mary wasn't born a good painter but one whom⑥ teachers taught to practise drawing for many hours everyday.
①whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，先行词是Mary；
②who引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是a model student；
③which引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是picture；
④that引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是the very one；
⑤that引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语，先行词是the best picture；
⑥whom引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语，先行词是one。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
一、概念
复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语或句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等被称为先行词。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1．限制性定语从句：所修饰的词表示一个特定的人或东西。如果去掉它，被修饰的词就失去意义，句子就不能成立或不完整。
2．非限制性定语从句：由一个逗号将从句与先行词隔开，对所修饰的词作进一步的说明。如果去掉它，句子的意思仍然完整。
二、关系词
定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系词通常有下列作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。
本单元主要介绍的是关系代词引导的定语从句。
三、句法功能
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句
[先感知]
①(教材P34典句)A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.
②(教材P34典句)A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
③(教材P34典句)Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship.
④(教材P34典句)Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love.
⑤(教材P34典句)“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us.
⑥(教材P34典句)“Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection which we share.
[会发现]
(1)①④句的先行词指_____，关系代词在从句中分别作_____、_____。
(2)③⑤⑥句的先行词指____，关系代词在③⑤句中作_____，在⑥句中作_____。
(3)②句的先行词指_____，关系代词在从句中作_____。
人
主语
宾语
物
主语
宾语
人
定语
[明规则]
关系代词 指代功能 例句
that在从句中作主语或宾语 指物 A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语)
The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious.(作宾语)
指人 Let's ask the man that is reading the book over there.(作主语)
The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim's sister.(作宾语)
which在从句中作主语或宾语 指物 They planted the trees which didn't need much water.(作主语)
The fish (which) we bought were not fresh.(作宾语)
who在从句中作主语或宾语 指人 The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.(作主语)
The boy who I saw just now is called Wang Hua.(作宾语)
whom在从句中作宾语 指人 The professor (whom) you mentioned hasn't come yet.
The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li.
Mrs Brown is the professor to whom you should write.
whose在从句中作定语 指人 Henry is the boy whose mother is our English teacher.
指物 The novel whose cover is broken belongs to me.
续表
[对点练]
(1)用适当的关系词填空
①(2021·浙江1月高考)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool __________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
②Those ______have six or more close friends are described as “very happy”．
③His father works in a company _______name always appears in the local newspapers.
that/which
who
whose
(2)把下列句子合并为含有定语从句的主从复合句
④I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
→
⑤Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress. I gave it to her.
→
⑥The student's article was published. I know the student.
→
I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.
Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress that/which I gave her.
I know the student whose article was published.
(二)只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
[先感知]
①Have you taken down everything that Mr Li said
②All that can be done has been done.
③There is little that I can do for you.
④The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
⑤This is the best film that I have ever seen.
⑥After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns.
⑦Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
⑧Who is the man that is standing by the gate
⑨Which is the T shirt that fits me most
[会发现]
(1)①②③句中先行词为__________，只能用that引导定语从句。
(2)④⑤句中先行词被_______________________修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。
(3)⑥句中先行词被_________修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。
(4)⑦句的先行词中既有____又有____，只能用that引导定语从句。
(5)⑧⑨句中先行词前有____________等疑问词，只能用that引导定语从句。
不定代词
序数词和形容词最高级
the only
人
物
who, which
[明规则]
只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
用法 例句
先行词为不定代词时，如all, everything, something, much, nothing, anything, little, none, no one等 I have said all (that) I want to say.
Is there anything (that) I can do for you？
先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰，或本身就是最高级、序数词时 This is the best film that has been shown in the city.
We'll never forget the first lesson (that) our English teacher gave us.
用法 例句
先行词被the only, the very, the last, just, all, every, no, little, few, any等修饰时 This is the very book (that) I want to buy.
There is little work (that) you can do.
The only thing (that) I can do is to have a rest.
先行词既指人又指物时 They talked about the man and the things that they saw.
当主句是以which或who开头的疑问句时 Which is the hotel that he stayed at last night？
Who is the man that is reading over there？
[对点练] (用适当的关系词填空)
①(2021·1月新高考8省联考卷)．.. but be sure to carefully evaluate every school ______ has accepted you ...
②The man is talking about the teachers and things _____encouraged him greatly in school.
③These messages are the very ones ______ I have been looking for.
④Many trees line the street as well, including some pine trees ____ were first planted during the Ming Dynasty.
⑤When it comes to Jinan, the first ______comes to mind is the spring water.
⑥Which is the car_____ you bought last week
that
that
that
that
that
that
(三)只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况
[先感知]
①This is the town in which he was born.
②Tom came back, which made us very happy.
③Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open.
[会发现]
(1)①句中关系代词在定语从句中作介词的_____，且介词位于关系代词前时，只能用which引导。
(2)②句中关系代词引导__________定语从句，只能用which引导。
(3)③句中有两个定语从句，前一个从句用了that引导，后一个定语从句只能用______引导。
宾语
非限制性
which
[明规则]
只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况
用法 例句
当关系代词前有介词时 This is the house in which he once lived.
引导非限制性定语从句时 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个用which He bought an American magazine that could give him so much English knowledge and which could help him to kill time.
当先行词本身为that(指代)时 What about that which had appeared in recent activities？
[对点练] (用适当的关系词填空)
①This bunch of carnation, ________is wound by silk ribbon, is the first gift to my mom.
②Those days in _______ you could travel without a passport have gone.
③This is the book that you bought ______ you have lost.
④Green tea is rich in anti oxidants _______ gets your blood moving and that improves your energy level.
which
which
which
which
用适当的关系代词完成下列短文
A
Although I have become a senior high school student, I still remember some people and things ①______ were related to Miss Brown ②__________ is my teacher teaching me English in my junior high school. She once told me to read a grammar book ③___________ is for beginners. I did as she told me, so my English was improved a lot. I believe that she is the person ④______________ I should give my thanks to. And she is also the most respectful teacher without ⑤_______ help I would not make such great progress.
that
who/that
which/that
whom/who/that
whose
B
I would like to have a penfriend ①__________ is a girl from senior high school in UK. It would be better if the penfriend has some hobbies ②___________ I also have. In my mind, the penfriend is someone ③________ interests are in travelling, swimming and playing table tennis.With such a penfriend, I hope I can share with her the things ④____________ I experienced in travelling, taking care of pets and studying in school. When we meet difficulties, we can help each other and give each other some tips ⑤____________ can help settle the difficulties. I also hope the penfriend will help me improve my spoken English ⑥____________ I find difficult. Of course, I can teach her to learn Chinese if she is ready to.
who/that
that/which
whose
which/that
that/which
that/which
新知进补——学用结合方能“融会通”
1．A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
真正的朋友是我们可以依靠其支持的人。
★count on依赖，依靠，指望
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)We are proud to have a strong country to count on whenever we are faced with disasters.
每当我们面临灾难时，我们很自豪有一个强大的国家可以依靠。
②As the New Year approaches, they count down and celebrate together.
随着新年的临近，他们开始倒计时并一起庆祝。
③We count on it that you can try your best to help our team to be the winner in the volleyball match which is around the corner.
我们相信你能尽力帮助我们队在即将到来的排球比赛中获胜。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④You should not count on him ______ (tell) the truth.
⑤I heard you're organizing a trip to the game next week. Count me____!
⑥You can ________________ I can finish the work on time.
你相信我好了，我会准时完成工作的。
count down (to sth.) 倒计时
count sb. in 把某人算入；包括某人
count on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事
count on it that ... 相信……，指望……
to tell
in
count on it that
2．Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face to face chatting.
短信和消息不能代替面对面地聊天。
★take the place of代替某人(物)
[用法感知]
①You can use milk in place of cream according to this recipe.
根据这个食谱你可以用牛奶来代替奶油。
②The competition will take place next Friday afternoon in the school hall.
比赛将于下周五下午在学校大厅举行。
③To find them easily, you'd better put your books in place.
为了容易找到，你最好把书放好。
归纳点拨 (1)take one's place 代替某人
take place 发生；举行
(2)in place of 代替
in place 在适当的位置
out of place 不在适当的位置；不合适的
名师点津 take place是不及物动词短语，其后不接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
④She likes everything to be ________ before she starts work.
她喜欢在开始工作前将一切准备就绪。
⑤The large table is ___________ in such a small room.
这张大桌子放在这么小的房间里不合适。
⑥The explosions __________ in shopping centres as crowds of people were shopping.
爆炸发生在购物中心，当时大批人群正在购物。
in place
out of place
took place
(2)一句多译
经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
⑦The manager will be away on business and I'll_______________________________.
⑧The manager will be away on business and I'll_______________________________
_________.
⑨The manager will be away on business and I'll _______________________________.
take his place to attend the meeting
take the place of him to attend the
meeting
attend the meeting in place of him
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共58张PPT)
Integrated skills—语用·融会语言技能
一、背重点词汇
1．________ n. 意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰
2．________ n. 品德，素质；质量；特征
adj. 优质的，高质量的
3．________ adj. 效率高的，有功效的
4．_______ adj. 额外的，分外的，附加的
opinion
quality
efficient
extra
5．_________ vt. 估量，判定；测量
n. 措施；衡量
6．_____ n．(pl.bases) 基础；原因；基准→base n．基础→basic adj.基础的
7．________ vt.尊敬，尊重 n．尊敬，敬意；重视→respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的→respectable adj.体面的；令人尊敬的
8．______________ 在某人看来
9．_________ 克服；恢复常态
10．_________ 使显现，使表现出
measure
basis
respect
in one's opinion
get over
bring out
二、背经典句式
1.
悟原句 ... and I'm so glad that I could help my best friend.(so ...that“如此……以至于”)
……并且我很高兴我能帮助我最好的朋友。
写佳句 (2021·全国乙卷)There are _____________________________________
online learning benefits us a lot.
有如此多的学习材料可用，所以在线学习使我们受益匪浅。
so many learning materials available that
2.
悟原句 I can see that Tim is having trouble balancing his project and his schoolwork ...[have trouble (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”]
我能看得出蒂姆在平衡他的项目和作业方面有困难……
写佳句 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Whenever I ____________________ English, my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully, helping me overcome difficulties.
每当我学习英语有困难时，老师总会耐心倾听并细心解释，帮我克服困难。
have trouble learning
3.
悟原句 Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me.(even if“即使”，引导让步状语从句)
蒂姆是一个我应该尽力帮助的人，即使这意味着我需要做更多的工作。
写佳句 _________ carbon emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change.
即使碳排放在今天开始减少，我们仍将面临适应气候变化的挑战。
Even if
1．I must respect and support the choices he makes.
我必须尊重并支持他所做的选择。
★respect vt.尊重，尊敬n.尊敬，敬意；重视；方面
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)She has made great achievements in her work and has won the respect of her students.
她在工作中取得了巨大的成就，并赢得了学生们的尊敬。
②The moment you meet your parents, please give my respects to them.
见到你父母时，请代我向他们问候。
③With respect to spoken English, I once won the first prize in the spoken English contest in our school.
就英语口语而言，我曾在我们学校的英语口语竞赛中获得过一等奖。
归纳点拨 (1)respect sb.for sth. 因某事而尊重某人
(2)have/show respect for ... 对……表示敬意
win the respect of 赢得……的尊重
out of respect for ... 出于对……的尊敬；顾及
give/send one's respects to 代某人向……问候
in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面
with/in respect to 关于；就……而言
名师点津 respect表示“尊敬；重视”时为不可数名词；表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词；表示“问候”时，多用复数形式。
续表
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④She has always been honest with me, and I respect her _____ this.
⑤In the past, everyone passed by the Confucian Temple on foot, showing respect _____Confucius.
(2)完成句子
⑥Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice, ________________farmers' labor.
中国的孩子在很小的时候就受到教育，不能浪费每一粒粮食，这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。
for
for
out of respect for
(3)熟词生义(选出句中respect的汉语意思)
⑦There was one respect, however, in which they differed.
A．尊敬 B．问候 C．方面
答案：C
2．I should also encourage him to take action to get over these difficulties.
我也应该鼓励他采取行动来克服这些困难。
★get over克服；恢复常态；讲清；使明白
[用法感知]
①Studying a foreign language is always difficult at the beginning, but I will get over it.
学习一门外语刚开始时总是很难，但我会克服它。
②It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death.
得知她去世的消息我惊愕不已，很长时间才缓过劲来。
③We have got to get the message over to the young that smoking isn't cool.
我们要让年轻人认识到抽烟并不是很酷的事情。
[归纳点拨]
get along/on well with 和……和睦相处
get around 传播；流传
get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事
get up 起床
get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Looking back on my past few years, friends gave me so much help that I could get _____many difficulties.
⑤A good speaker is supposed to manage to get _______to the listeners what he means.
⑥When word about this got________, people quickly headed for the spot.
(2)完成句子
⑦In addition, you should learn how to ____________________ others.
除此之外，你应该学会如何与其他人和睦相处。
⑧It's time that you _________________________ or the other students will leave you behind.
到了你该开始努力学习的时候了，不然，你就要落在别的同学后面了。
over
across
around
get along/on well with
got down to studying hard
3．To me, a good friend brings out the best in a person.
对我来说，一个好朋友能使一个人表现出最好的一面。
★bring out使显现，使表现出
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)By looking for the best in others, you indirectly bring out the best in yourself.
通过发现他人的优点，你也间接地表现出自己的优点。
②This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.
这张照片常常使我想起高中时代的许多美好回忆。
③The great damage which the earthquake brought about made many people homeless.
地震造成的巨大破坏使许多人无家可归。
[归纳点拨]
bring up 养育；抚养；提出；呕吐
bring about 引起；导致
bring back 使想起
bring down 降低；减少
bring in 引进；赚得，挣得
[应用融会] (用适当的介、副词填空)
④Please make another sentence to bring _____ the meaning of the phrase.
⑤Our government has taken measures to bring _______ the prices of daily goods.
⑥Brought ____ in a small mountain village, he found it quite difficult to adapt himself to the city life.
⑦Many people are beginning to reflect on why they pay so much to study abroad and what kind of consequences it will bring _______.
out
down
up
about
4. I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops.
我将永远珍惜好朋友的这些品质，并在我们的友谊的发展过程中，试着用这些标准来衡量我自己。
★measure vt.估量，判定；测量n.措施；衡量
[用法感知]
①It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results.
人们普遍认为教育不应该只以考试成绩来衡量。
②In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival coming.
在过去的日子里，随着春节的到来，妈妈总是按我的尺寸做新衣服。
③(以文化人助写作)Our government is taking measures to forbid killing and eating wild animals.
我们的政府正采取措施来禁止捕杀和食用野生动物。
归纳点拨 make ... to one's measure依照某人的尺寸定做……
take measures to do 采取措施做……
名师点津 measure作“尺寸”讲时，常用作不可数名词，而作“措施”讲时，通常用复数形式。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Some villagers reported a huge snake, ____________(measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.
⑤It seemed as if the suit was made ___ his own measure.
(2)完成句子
⑥How do you ___________________________
你如何测量这个房间的大小？
⑦In a word, we must __________________to prevent rare animals from extinction.
总之，我们必须采取一些措施阻止珍稀动物灭绝。
measuring
to
measure the size of this room
take some measures
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1．科学竞赛
2．同时
3．从事于
4．赢得比赛
5．获得成功
science competition
at the same time
work on
win a competition
make it
6．to be honest
7．as for Chinese
8．struggle with the reading task
9．make a timetable
10．go over the challenging parts
说实话
至于语文
努力完成阅读任务
制定一个时间表
复习有挑战性的部分
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1. _______________________________ has given me a focus and an aim in my life.
研究声音物理学给了我生活的重点和目标。
2．To be honest, I have ______________________________________lately.
说实话，我最近发现我们的数学作业很难。
3．And as for Chinese, there are some key points___________________, and I'm struggling with the reading task___________________________________.
至于语文，有一些要点我不明白，并且我正在努力完成语文老师要求我们完成的阅读任务。
Researching the physics of sound
found our Maths homework quite difficult
I don't understand
our Chinese teacher has asked us to do
4．First we can make a timetable together _____________________ you should spend on your project, and how much time on your Maths and Chinese.
首先，我们可以一起制定一个时间表，看看你应该花多少时间在你的项目上，花多少时间在你的数学和语文上。
to see how much time
Step 3 过关键信息[判断正(T)误(F)]
1．Tim doesn't have enough time for his schoolwork. ( )
2．Tim is tired of researching the physics of sound. ( )
3．Maths homework is not still hard for Tim to understand. ( )
4．Tim is advised to find out the time required for schoolwork and project.( )
5．Patrick has much time to help Tim with his project. ( )
答案：1～5 TFFTF
Step 4 过文意理解(听力填空)
How Patrick helps Tim
Trouble It's difficult for Tim to 1._________ his project and schoolwork.
He is working really 2._____ on his science project.
He has found his Maths homework quite 3._________.
As for Chinese, there are some 4.__________ he doesn't understand.
He also has some trouble with his 5._________ task.
Suggestions Make a 6.__________ to manage time properly.
Offer to 7.______ Tim with his schoolwork as follows：
*Go over the 8.___________ parts；
*Compare notes so as not to 9._____ anything important；
*Do some reading together at 10.___________.
balance
hard
difficult
key points
reading
timetable
help
challenging
miss
weekends
训练为重——能力提升多听说
Ⅰ.基础听力
听下面5段对话，回答第1至5题。
1．What does the man plan to do this weekend
A．Buy some furniture.
B．Go out with some friends.
C．Entertain some friends at home.
2．What does the woman suggest the man do
A．Try a different website.
B．Sign up to be a member.
C．Choose movies at home on TV.
3．Why has the woman moved the man's seat
A．He talks too much.
B．He can't see clearly.
C．He has trouble in listening.
4．How often does the man work out now
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Every other day.
5．What's the relationship between Jim and the man
A．Brothers. B．Classmates. C．Close friends.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why is the man moving to New York
A．He doesn't like his workmates here.
B．He is suffering from a serious illness.
C．He has found a new job there.
7．What can we learn from the conversation
A．The man wants their friendship to last.
B．The woman doesn't want the man to leave.
C．They have decided to meet in New York soon.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What is Alice doing all the morning
A．Telephoning her friends.
B．Writing letters.
C．Crying.
9．What does Alice plan to do
A．Hold a grand party.
B．Buy a diamond necklace.
C．Make more friends.
10．How many friends will Alice persuade to agree to her plan
A．11. B．12. C．13.
答案：1～5 CAAAB 6～10 CAABA
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W：How is your new apartment
M：It's great! I live on the top floor of a six story building.And I just bought the furniture.
W：I'd love to see it.
M：No problem. ①I'll invite you and other friends over for dinner this weekend.
(Text 2)
M：I hate signing up for these movie websites. Why is it necessary, if they are free
W：②You know, there are other free websites to choose from. They don't require you to be a member.
(Text 3)
M：Mrs Lane Why has my seat been moved to the front row Everyone else is sitting in their original seats.
W：③If you choose to talk in class instead of listening, your seat will be moved closer to me so I can see you better.
(Text 4)
M：I think I'm ready to start working out more.④Once a week is just not enough.
W：Why don't you start with two days a week for now Eventually, you will be able to manage every other day.
(Text 5)
W：I hear Jim is going to China. Do you know that
M：No. I've lost track of him.
W：I just can't believe it. Aren't you close friends
M：Not really. ⑤We're in the same class, but we don't talk much.
(Text 6)
W：I heard you're moving to New York.
M：Yes. ⑥I got an offer from New York Downtown Hospital.
W：Oh, that's great! But I did enjoy the time I spent working with you. I'm going to miss you.
M：Me, too. ⑦Let's keep in touch.
W：Yeah. Don't forget to drop me a line when you settle down.
M：Sure. I'll keep you informed.
W：All right! I look forward to hearing from you soon. Good luck!
(Text 7)
M：Alice, ⑧you are calling all the morning.
W：Because I have a wonderful idea.
M：You want to hold a grand party and you are inviting friends
W：No, ⑨I want to buy a diamond necklace. But it's too expensive.
M：I don't know your meaning.
W：It's 12, 000 dollars and it's really lovely.
M：You want to borrow money from your friends
W：No.I want to buy it with other friends.
M：Good idea! Then you can wear it by turns
W：Yeah, and we are all the owners of the necklace.
M：Good idea, but not all accept it.
W：Right, but eight girlfriends have agreed to do so.
M：How many people would you like to find at last
W：⑩12 including me. We each pay 1,000 dollars.
M：You can wear a month in a year if you buy it.
W：Clever.
?加练新题型
听力填空(再听第7段材料，补全下面短文。)
Alice has been 1.________ all the morning not because she wants to hold a grand party and is inviting friends but wants to 2._____ a diamond necklace. However, it's too 3.___________ but really lovely. Alice doesn't want to borrow 4._______ from her friends. She wants to buy it with other 5.____ friends and wear it for a month in a year by turns with each paying 6._______ dollars.
calling
buy
expensive
money
11
1,000
Ⅱ.根据提示补全对话
Tim and Patrick are talking about what makes a good plete the conversation with the word chunks and sentences in the box below.
for example; make friends; comfort you;
offer their opinions；
I can't agree more!
Let me give you a few examples.
Take my experience as an example.
Tim：Can you describe the qualities of good friends
Patrick：Well. 1._____________________________. First of all, a friend in need is a friend indeed. 2.____________, a good friend should be willing to help you when you are in trouble, 3._____________ when you are frustrated. Furthermore, good friends should also be honest people, who can open heart to others and never refuse to acknowledge their shortcomings. 4._______________________________. I feel comfortable and safe to get along with these types of friends, and they can always 5._________________ for my own good. So I think friends like this deserve to be credited as the good ones.
Tim：They should be trustworthy too. What's more, I like 6.______________ with someone who is helpful, friendly and easy going.
Patrick：7.________________! All these qualities make long lasting friendship.
Let me give you a few examples
For example
comfort you
Take my experience as an example
offer their opinions
making friends
I can't agree more
Ⅲ.选择合适的句子补全对话
根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Linda：Hi, Bruce! How was your trip
Bruce：___1___
Linda：Where did you go
Bruce：I went to Qingdao with my parents.
Linda： ___2___
Bruce：It's one of the most beautiful cities in the east of China. I like it very much.
Linda：How long did you stay there
Bruce：For a week. ___3___
Linda：Which is your favorite place
Bruce： ___4__ When I was there, I lost myself in the beautiful scenery.
Linda：What interesting things did you do there
Bruce：Lots of things, such as swimming, boating, fishing. ___5___
Linda: Oh, really I hope to go there for a visit one day.
A．I think Sound Lake is the best.
B．Oh, that's all right.
C．We've been to many wonderful places.
D．How do you like Qingdao
E．How did you go there
F．But I think Qingdao Underwater World is the most exciting one.
G．Oh, it was great!
答案：1～5 GDCAF
写作项目——Write a diary entry
本单元的写作任务是写一篇日记。日记就是用文字记述自己生活中发生的有意义或重要的事，以及对此事的感受和评论。日记分为记事型、议论型、描写型和抒情型。记事型是记述当天自己生活学习中发生的事情；议论型是对生活中的某一事情或现象表达自己的看法，发表观点；描写型或抒情型，则是对某人或某物的特征做细致的描述，或针对某事物抒发自己的感情。
由课文学写作范式
(一)提炼写作范式
(二)点拨写作要点
1．格式
一般在左上角注上当天日期、星期，时间的排列法与书信一致，星期写在日期之后；右上角写上当天的天气情况，表示天气情况的词一般是形容词，如：fine(晴朗的), cold(寒冷的), snowy(下雪的), sunny(阳光明媚的), rainy(下雨的), cloudy(阴天的)等。
2．人称
写此类文章时通常用第一人称或第三人称。
3．时态
一般用过去时态，在描写背景或景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加形象生动。展望未来时，可以用一般现在时或一般将来时。
由课文学亮点表达
?学亮点表达
1．第一段第一句中使用了so ...that 引导的结果状语从句，突出表现了作者帮助朋友后的喜悦心情。
2．第一段最后一句使用了衔接词In my opinion，开门见山，提出观点。
3．第二段第一句中使用了supportive，与之后的动词respect, support和encourage前后呼应；类似的还有：第三段第一句中的selfless，与之后的动词短语try my best和do all I can之间也存在这种逻辑关系，不但让文章在前后文衔接上更顺畅，也使得观点更具说服力。
?学语篇逻辑
本篇日记使用了“总—分—总”的语篇结构，第一段根据事例提出观点，最后一句是主题也是过渡句。第二段和第三段分别就主题展开论述，且每段第一句均为主题句。最后一段进行总结，并和第一段遥相呼应，回扣主题，增强了感染力。
(一)背写作词汇
1．be shocked at 对……感到震惊
2．go hiking 徒步旅行
3．put sth. into somewhere respectively 把某东西分别放在某个地方
4．catch sight of 看见
5．pick sth. up 捡起某物
6．set off 出发
7．happen to do 碰巧做
8．be eager to do 渴望做
9．be worried about 担心
10．decide to do 决定做
(二)背写作佳句
1．常用开头句
(1)One day, on the way to ...
一天，在去……的路上……
(2)Last Sunday, my mother and I were doing ...when we saw/heard ...
上周日，我和母亲正在做……突然这时我们看到/听到……
(3)About ...o'clock one evening in ..., my ...was doing ...
大约在晚上……点钟，在……，我的……正在做……
(4)Early in the morning, we set off for some place for a visit.
今早我们动身前往某地参观。
(5)With Teachers' Day approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
随着教师节的来临，我们班决定举办一个联欢会来庆祝这个重要的日子。
2．常用中间句
(1)Without delay/hesitation, I/we dialed 120/119.
毫不犹豫，我/我们拨打了120/119。
(2)We made every effort/tried our best to help ..., but ...
我们尽最大努力去帮忙……，但……
(3)It wasn't long before an ambulance/a fire engine arrived.
不久，一辆救护车/消防车到了。
(4)With the help of the policeman, we found the owner of the bag.
在警察的帮助下，我们找到了包的主人。
3．常用结束句
(1)At last, we were saved/we succeeded.
最后，我们被救了/成功了。
(2)Although we were very tired, we felt very happy.
尽管我们很累，但我们很高兴。
(3)What an unforgettable experience!
多么难忘的一次经历啊！
写作专项提能训练
Ⅰ.基础写作(根据提示完成本篇日记)
May 6, MondaySunny
1．_____________________________________________ (今天我在一所小学待了一段时间), observing two art lessons. A girl named Amy 2.__________________ (给我留下了深刻的印象). In the first lesson, she used her feet to paint, happily and freely, which, surely, made her excited and thus motivated her interest in painting. In the second lesson, 3.__________________________ (在老师的指导下), she painted the sun, some mountains and several birds flying high in the sky.
Today I spent a period of time in a primary school
impressed me deeply
with the teacher's guidance
4．_________________________________________ (这次经历确实使我精神振奋). Kids are imaginative, and therefore they are supposed to be given as many opportunities as possible to 5._____________________________ (充分发展他们的潜能)．
This experience definitely refreshed my mind
develop their potential to the full
Ⅱ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为80左右。
Last week, my friend Bob and his grandmother, Abuela, decided to go skiing (滑雪) in the mountains.They invited me to go with them.
Unluckily, it was bitterly cold.Abuela, probably the kindest person in the world, found me shaking with cold and offered me her scarf.It was the softest and warmest scarf that I had ever worn.And more importantly, Abuela had knitted (编织) it herself.
After a couple of hours of skiing, Abuela said, “I need a rest! You two just go ahead.I'll be in the small house there, reading by the fire.”
Bob and I took one more ride on the ski lift up the mountain.As we watched people skiing down, I said, “This one piece of yarn (毛线) on the scarf keeps making my jaw uncomfortable.” So I pulled on the end of the yarn, thinking it was just a loose piece that had separated from the scarf.But the more I pulled, the longer the piece became.When I took off the scarf to see what was wrong, I was horrified, “Oh no! I just turned Abuela's scarf into half a scarf and half a big pile of yarn！”
“Grandma will understand，” said Bob.
I shook my head.“It was a one of a kind thing that I'll never be able to replace! What should I do？”
“Um, you could throw it from this lift，” Bob suggested，“and say the strong wind had blown it away.”His silly idea didn't make me feel better.
Right then, it was our turn to get off the lift.I put the poor scarf into my pocket and skied extra slowly down the mountain.
Along the way, conflicting thoughts kept crossing my mind.
参考范文：
Along the way, conflicting thoughts kept crossing my mind.“What on earth should I do？” I wondered.It would be really shameful to return the torn scarf to Abuela, but lying was the last thing I would do.Finally I made up my mind to tell her the truth.“I'm terribly sorry，” I sincerely apologized to Abuela and explained exactly what had happened when we reached the small house.To my great relief, Abuela was really nice and understanding.“It does't matter.I can reknit the scarf easily.Just forget it, good boy，” Abuela said with a sweet smile and I truly experienced the pleasure of being honest.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共43张PPT)
Project & Assessment & Further study
—实践·注重应用评价
对接“单元活动”——让活动有效开展
本课时要求学生以小组为单位，从图书馆、网络、报纸、杂志等渠道获取与“友谊”相关的资料，然后合作完成一本以“友谊”为主题的剪贴簿，从而对“友谊”这一话题有更深入的理解。
[活动“助手”]
与“友谊”有关的常用佳句：
1．It's known to everybody that everyone needs friends.
众所周知，每个人都需要朋友。
2．Friendship plays an important part in our studies, work and everyday life.
友谊在我们学习、工作和日常生活中起着重要作用。
3．The deep friendship is based on the common interest.
深厚的友谊是建立在共同兴趣的基础之上的。
4．As friends we should trust each other and share joys and sorrows together.
作为朋友，我们应该互相信任，同甘共苦。
5．Once our friends are in trouble, we should try our best to help them out.
一旦朋友遇到困难，我们应该尽力帮助他们摆脱困境。
6．To make true friends, we should treat our friends with sincerity.
为了交到真正的朋友，我们应该真诚地对待我们的朋友。
[活动任务]
某杂志正在就“Friendship”这个话题进行征稿，请你写一篇文章谈谈你对友谊的理解，内容包括：
1．友谊的重要性； 2．建立友谊需要哪些品质。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．尽量使用到[活动“助手”]中的表达。
Friendship
参考范文：
Friendship
As the saying goes, “A life without a friend is a life without a sun.” Friendship is one of the most important things in everyone's life. For one thing, when in trouble, we need our friends to offer help, support and encouragement. For another, when we succeed, we need friends to share our joy.
To make true friends, we should treat our friends with sincerity. Besides, when we have established friendship, we ought to cherish it by means of words and deeds. Only in this way can we develop real friendship.
评价“学习能力”——聚焦5种语言技能
Ⅰ. ——主题听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How many points did John get on the TOFEL test
A．537. B．605. C．650.
2．What is the man
A．A doctor. B．A student. C．A teacher.
3．What does the woman mean
A．She'll go to Canada on Sunday.
B．She'd like to go to the man's home.
C．She'll have dinner with the man on Sunday.
4．Who does the woman usually spend her Saturdays with
A．Her parents. B．Her grandma. C．Her friends.
5．What is the assignment for next Tuesday
A．Read the textbook.
B．Write a composition.
C．Listen to some radio programs.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Neighbours. B．Friends. C．Schoolmates.
7．How does the woman feel about the man's playing the violin
A．Careless. B．Pleased. C．Bored.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where does the woman work
A．In a bank. B．In a shop. C．In a post office.
9．What does the man want the woman to send
A．A postcard. B．A package. C．A letter.
10．How much does the woman charge
A．$5.00. B．$2.00. C．$9.35.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where may the man usually be when he is not at home
A．At a party. B．At the hotel. C．At his club.
12．Why did the woman call the man
A．To tell him the news.
B．To attend the club.
C．To invite him to a party.
13．What were the two speakers going to do that evening
A．To join in a party.
B．To go to a movie together.
C．To meet and plan a party.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What is the man doing
A．Organizing a tour.
B．Interviewing tourists.
C．Going on holiday.
15．What difficulty did the woman experience
A．The plane took off late.
B．She missed the breakfast.
C．There was no bus to pick her up.
16．What does the woman think of the room
A．Very good.
B．Very quiet.
C．A little disappointing.
17．How often does the woman take a holiday
A．At least once a year.
B．At least twice a year.
C．Three times a year.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What is the speaker
A．The gardens' owner.
B．The restaurant's manager.
C．The guide leading the tour.
19．What is collected in the gardens
A．Diamond. B．Rare coins. C．Grape wine.
20．How many parts are the gardens divided into
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
答案：1～5 BCACC 6～10 ABCBC
11～15 CACBA 16～20 CACBC
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W：①I heard John had got 605 on the TOEFL test.
M：Really I got only 537.
(Text 2)
W：I'm afraid I can't hand in my paper by next Monday, Mr Black.
M：You must. ②I have finished grading everyone's paper except yours.
(Text 3)
M：Would you like to come to my home for dinner on Sunday
W：③I'd like to, but I'm leaving for Canada on Sunday.
(Text 4)
M：How do you spend your time on the weekend, Jane
W：④I usually hang out with my friends downtown on Saturdays. We look around the different clothes stores, but we never buy anything. And then on Sundays I usually visit my grandma with my mum and dad.
(Text 5)
M：Is there any assignment for next Tuesday
W：Nothing to read or write.⑤But we're supposed to listen to some radio programs and be ready to talk about them in class.
(Text 6)
M：Hello there! ⑥I believe you've just moved into this building, haven't you
W：Yes, ⑥I've just moved into 2 A. My name is Susan Carrie.
M：It's nice to meet you, Susan. I'm Bill John. ⑥I live just above you.
W：Well, it's nice to meet you, Bill. You play the violin, don't you I've heard music coming from your apartment several times.
M：Oh, I hope I'm not disturbing you. I try to play during the day when most people are at work.
W：⑦You're not bothering me at all. On the contrary, I enjoy listening to it.
(Text 7)
W：May I help you
M：Yes, please. ⑧Can I have a change of address form
W：Okay. Here's a change of address kit. It contains a change of address form that you will fill out and give it to me. ⑧We use that to forward your mail. It also has some change of address card.
M：Thanks. ⑨I'd also like to send this package by express mail. It goes to Fargo, North Dakota.
W：Let me check the next day service directory to make sure we deliver there ...No problem. ⑩OK, it weighs less than two pounds so the price is $9.35. Just fill out this address label.
M：OK. By the way, how much is the insurance
W：No charge. Every package is insured for loss or damage up to five hundred dollars.
M：That's great!
(Text 8)
W：Hello, Bob! This is Nancy speaking. I'm so glad I got hold of you at last.
M：Were you trying to get in touch with me If I'm not at home, you can usually reach me at my club here.
W：That's good to know. Listen, Bob! I've got news for you.
M：What is it
W：My sister Amy is coming back from the States.
M：That's great! When is she coming back
W：Next weekend.
M：Next week OK. Let's get together tonight and plan a party for her.
W：All right. I'll come to your place at 8：00.
M：Good! I'll be waiting for you.
W：See you then.
M：Goodbye and thanks for calling.
(Text 9)
M：Hello! I work for Sun Tour Holidays Newspaper and I'm interviewing people about their last holiday. Would you mind answering a few questions for our survey
W：No, not at all.
M：Thank you. First, could you tell me about your travel arrangements Did you experience any difficulties on your journey
W：Well. Our plane didn't take off on time. It was delayed five hours, so we didn't get to Cyprus until three in the morning and we were very tired when we got there. But there was a bus at the airport and it dropped us off at the hotel in time for breakfast, so that was all right.
M：And how was the hotel
W： Well, we were a little disappointed with the room. It looked out onto some rather ugly, noisy streets, but the beach was just a stone's throw away.
M：And how important are holidays to you
W：Oh, we always look forward to going on holiday. We always make sure we can get away at least once a year.
(Text 10)
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to the South Coast Gardens, founded in 1932 by the Gilson family. The gardens cover eight acres and have 8,000 varieties of plants. The old family house houses one of the world's largest collections of rare books. It also holds a collection of the 18th century British, European, and American paintings, rare coins, furniture, and so on. You'll have time to visit the collections after lunch, following our walk through the gardens. I'm certain you'll thoroughly enjoy the gardens, which are divided into an Eastern tea garden, a tropical rose rainforest, Southwestern desert, and an English rose garden, considered to be one of the most beautiful rose gardens in the country. If you have any questions during today's tour, please don't hesitate to ask me. Now if you'll follow me along the stone path to your right, we'll begin today's tour.
Ⅱ. ——补全对话
根据语境和中文提示补全对话。
A：What's wrong with you You look so bad!
B：I feel like my friendship has finished. 1. (我不知所措)．
A：Why
B：Last Sunday, I had an appointment with my good friend Mary to go shopping. I waited a long time.
A：It's just a little thing.
I am at a loss
B：When I asked her the reason why she didn't come, she said that she was watching a movie with another one！It 2. (让我很生气，很伤心)．
A：Oh! That is terrible! But, everyone would make mistakes. Maybe she forgot it!
B：But how can she forget？！ I have prepared for this appointment for a whole week!
makes me very angry and sad
A：Calm down. Calm down.Don't forget 3. (当你遇到困难时), she is the one to help you.
B：Well, well. I will give it a try. What do you think about true friendship
A：I think true friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known
4. (直到失去)．
B：I see. 5. (我会珍惜友谊的)．
when you are in trouble
until it is gone
I will treasure my friendship
Ⅲ. ——看图表达
1．What are real friends (The answers may vary.)
Real friends are those who have good character, superior abilities and kindness of heart. Real friends can share our sorrows and double our joys.
2．Are online friendships as beneficial as face to face friendships (The answers may vary.)
You can easily find friends with interests and hobbies similar to yours online, but it's also much easier for some people to be deceived by others.
3．Why do we need friends？(The answers may vary.)
When in trouble, friends can offer us help, support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends to share our joys.
Ⅳ. ——阅读理解
In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair weather friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability.
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.
Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun.We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.
When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I've found a friend!
Questions：
1．How do you understand “fair weather friends”？
Friends who can't share weal and woe with you.
2．What quality does the writer think is the most important in choosing a friend
Understanding.
3．Good friends need to .
A．always point out each other's mistakes
B．be helped with money
C．understand each other's feelings
D．have money or luck
答案：C
4．This passage mainly discuss .
A．the qualities of a friend
B．where to choose friends
C．how to get along with friends
D．the importance of having a friend
答案：A
Ⅴ. ——读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As I was coming into Middle School, Grade Six, I was really excited because my friend Jennifer was going to be in the same Middle School as me! At first things were great, she introduced me to her friend Amy and we had lots of fun together.Then things started to change.Jennifer was very controlling: I couldn't make new friends, because if I hung out with different people, she would decide that I was “mad at her and Amy”．So I didn't make new friends, and pretty soon being Jennifer's friend became a battle between Amy and me.
Jennifer wanted to be the “leader” of our little group.Amy and I were never partners in class projects or the gym.It was always, “ Who gets the privilege (荣耀) of being Jennifer's partner.”It was either that Jennifer liked me and left Amy out or that Jennifer liked Amy and left me out.Amy and I both wanted to be Jennifer's number one.Being Jennifer's friend became the most important thing in the world.
I always waited for Jennifer and Amy after class, so we could walk together to our next class.Amy and Jennifer chatted by Jennifer's desk as Jennifer packed her books up and I waited by the door.Sometimes when they left, they'd walk right past me.No “Thanks for waiting”．No “Sorry we took so long”．It was as if they couldn't even see me.Yet I still waited after every single class.
Most of the time we gossiped (说长道短) about people, and I soon realized that nobody was good enough for Jennifer.Jennifer had a list of bad things about everybody, even Amy.And I'm sure she had a list of bad things about me, too.After months of living through school this way, I really changed.I was moody, depressed, lonely, and I didn't smile much.I spent lots of days trying not to cry.I felt so left out.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
Finally, near the end of the school year, I got sick of being treated so poorly.
Paragraph 2：
I'm in Grade Seven now, and I have tons of friends.
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
Finally, near the end of the school year, I got sick of being treated so poorly.I was sick of getting into the battle for friendship.I stopped sitting with Jennifer at lunch and waiting for her after class.It didn't take long: Jennifer quickly announced that I was “mad at her”．I said, “I'm not mad.I just think I need to make some more friends.” But with Jennifer, it was all or nothing. If you didn't worship (崇拜) her, she was convinced (坚信) you were mad at her.So our friendship fell to pieces (破碎)．
Paragraph 2：
I'm in Grade Seven now, and I have tons of friends.I have found many girls Jennifer classified as “mean” were the sweetest people in the world.We have fun together and I love them.It amazes me how easy our friendship is.There is no struggling to be on top — we are all equal.It doesn't hurt my feelings or make me feel alone.I wish Jennifer could understand that I still want to be friends with her, but that I can't limit myself to one friendship.It's better to have ten or twenty friends than just one best friend.
“UNIT 3 单元验收评价”见“UNIT 3 单元验收评价”
(单击进入电子文档)(共95张PPT)
Reading—读思·发展思维品质
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．awkward adj. 局促不安的；令人尴尬的；
难对付的；笨拙的
2．medium n．(pl.media) 传播信息的媒介，方法；
手段，工具
adj. 中等的，中号的
3．café n. 咖啡馆，小餐馆
4．case n. 具体情况，事例；案件；容器
5．definitely adv. 肯定，确实；确切地
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． n． 视野；视力；看见
2． adj. 令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的
3． vi.& n. 聊天，闲聊
4． vt.& vi. 评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为
n. 法官；裁判员
sight
horrible
chat
judge
5． vt. 欺骗，欺诈
n. 诡计，花招；戏法
6． vt.& vi. 误解，误会
7． vt.& n. 联系，联络
8． adj. 宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的
trick
misunderstand
contact
generous
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1．_________ adj.起初的；独创的；原作的→originally adv.最初；原先→origin n．起源
2．________ vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→recovery n．改善；恢复
3．________ vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应→response n．回答；反应
4．____ n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失→lose v．丢失；失去
5．_________ vi.道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉，致歉
6．__________ n．行为，举止，态度→behave vi.表现，举止
original
recover
respond
loss
apologize
behaviour
7．______ adj.坦率的，直率的→frankly adv.坦率地
8．______ vt.忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知
9．_______ vi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受→suffering n．受苦；苦难
10．________ vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发；爆炸vt.使爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆炸声
frank
ignore
suffer
explode
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1．____________ (关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃
2．_______________ 脱离某人的视线
3．____________ 社交媒体
4．________ 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
5．________ 不知所措，困惑
6．____________ 有错，应承担责任
7．___________ 无论如何，不管怎样
8．________ 放弃，摒弃；松手，放开
on the rocks
out of one's sight
social media
make it
at a loss
in the wrong
in any case
let go of
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.(whether ... or ...“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句)
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
写佳句 _________________________________, he will be on time.
无论他是坐公交来还是打车来，他都会按时到的。
Whether he comes by taxi or by bus
2.
悟原句 Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.(动词不定式短语作表语)
我们原先计划那天下午去电影院看电影。
写佳句 (2021·浙江1月高考)After a tour of our campus, an exchange meeting is _____________________ cultural differences between New Zealand and China.
在参观完我们校园之后，将会举行一次交流会，讨论中国和新西兰之间的文化差异。
to be held to talk about
3.
悟原句 How stupid I was！(感叹句：How＋adj.＋主语＋谓语！)
我傻透了！
写佳句 (2020·天津5月高考)I finished my last test today. ____________！Now I'm free.
我今天完成了最后一次考试。可轻松了！现在我自由了。
What a relief
4.
悟原句 I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day ...(so ... that ...引导结果状语从句)
我气坏了，一整天我在学校都躲着她……
写佳句 He was ______________________________he forgot all about eating and sleeping.
他全神贯注于工作，把吃饭和睡觉都忘得一干二净。
so deeply absorbed in work that
第一遍 泛读通文意
Friendship on the rocks: please advise!
Amy
Monday 12/10 9：13 p．m.
My best friend and I have been close for eight years. When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. Since then, a close friendship has grown between us and she's been almost like a sister to me. Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight. But last Saturday, she broke my heart, and I'm still picking up the pieces.
Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon. But in the morning, my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold. When I called her, she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema. “Don't worry，” I said. “Get some rest. We can wait till you get better.”
Today, however, I received a horrible surprise. A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. How stupid I was! My friend's “illness” was a complete lie! Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.
I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don't feel like responding to any of her online messages. The stress of this situation is killing me, and I'm at a loss what to do next.
Cindy
Monday 12/10 9：52 p．m.
I'm so sorry! But this friendship is worth saving: eight years is a long time! Don't be so quick to judge your friend. Perhaps she knows she's in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her. Listen to what she has to say, and be sure to explain how you feel. I'm sure you can solve this problem together.
David
Tuesday 13/10 8：11 p．m.
I definitely understand how you feel. I also had a friend whom I trusted a lot. When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. I know you value your friendship and want your friend to value it equally. However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, it's time to rethink your relationship. Talk to her and decide whether this friendship is still important to you. It's sad to move on, but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.
[参考译文]
友谊触礁：急需建议！
艾米
10月12日 星期一 晚上9：13
八年来，我和我最要好的朋友一直特别亲密。那时，我是个拘谨的小学生，而她这个备受欢迎的女孩愿意和我做朋友。从那时起，我们就成了密友，对我，她一直就跟姐姐差不多。不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。可是上周六，她让我伤心了，我到现在还在收拾心情。
[句式释解]
句 when引导时间状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the popular girl。
句 whether ... or ...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论是……还是……”。
我们原先计划那天下午去电影院看电影。但早晨我朋友在社交媒体上发了一条信息，说她感冒了。我打电话过去，她说她也许不能去看电影了。“没事，”我说，“休息一下吧。等你好了我们再去。”
[句式释解]
句 句中saying ...为现在分词短语作定语。
可是今天，我惊呆了。一位同学告诉我，她周六下午在咖啡厅看见我朋友在和另一个女孩聊天。我傻透了！她所谓的“生病”是彻头彻尾的谎话。她并没有在家养病，而是跑到外面和别人乐呵去了。
我气坏了，一整天我在学校都躲着她，到现在也不想回复她网上发过来的任何消息。这种情况带来的压力让我难受死了，我不知道接下来该怎么办。
辛迪
10月12日 星期一 晚上9：52
为你感到抱歉！但是这份友情是值得挽回的：八年真久！别这么快就给你的朋友下结论。或许她知道自己错了，想向你道歉，又或许她可以明白地解释自己的行为。无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。听听她怎么说，你也一定要说出自己的感受。我相信，你们一定能一起解决这个问题的。
[句式释解]
句 本句为and连接的并列句，第一个分句中，what引导宾语从句；第二个分句中，how引导宾语从句。
戴维
10月13日 星期二 晚上8：11
你的心情我感同身受。曾经我也有一个特别信任的朋友。我发现自己被他欺骗之后，真的好伤心，我放弃了那份友谊。我知道你有多么珍视你们的友谊，并且希望你朋友也同样珍重它。可是，如果你朋友不在乎你的感受，让你难过，那就该反思一下你们的关系了。跟她谈谈，再决定这份友谊对你来说是不是仍然重要。放手固然令人伤感，但你必须接受这点——生命中，朋友就是有聚有散。
[句式释解]
句 whether引导宾语从句。
句 本句为but连接的并列句，第一个分句中，it作形式主语，不定式to move on作真正主语；第二个分句中，that引导宾语从句。
第二遍 精读提素养
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么
Read the text quickly and match the main idea of each part.
Paras.1～4 A．Cindy's advice on Amy's problem
Para. 5 B．David's advice on Amy's problem
Para. 6 C．Amy's problem with her friend, Jenny
答案：Paras. 1～4：C Para. 5：A Para. 6：B
步骤二再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的
阅读文章第一至四段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)From the sentence “we're hardly out of each other's sight”， we can know .
A．they live next to each other
B．they are far away from each other
C．they rarely stay together
D．they are very close friends
答案：D
(2)What did they plan to do that afternoon
A．To hang out in the park.
B．To see a film in the cinema.
C．To walk to a café nearby.
D．To have a talk together.
答案：B
(3)What was Amy's reaction when she learnt Jenny had lied to her
She was angry, upset and at a loss what to do next.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第5行中使用了who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the popular girl，使得该名词短语在表意上更形象具体。本句式是写作中的高级句式。
(完成句子)
He is the one_______________________________.
他是个总是乐于助人的人。
(2)第6行中使用了since then作时间状语，使时间表达更明确，表明了作者与朋友友谊的持久与亲密。注意当使用since then作时间状语时，句子常用现在完成时。
(单句语法填空)
Since then, I ____________(form) the habit of getting up early.
who is always ready to help others
have formed
(3)第10～11行中使用了短语break one's heart, pick up the pieces，使语言表达更生动、地道，表现出了Amy的伤心和无奈。
(完成句子)
①What he said just now _____________________.
他刚才说的话确实伤了我的心。
②The little boy caused so much trouble that ________________________________
for him.
这个小男孩惹了这么大的麻烦，他的父母不得不替他收拾残局。
really broke my heart
his parents had to pick up the pieces
(4)第14行中使用了“saying ...”现在分词短语作定语，修饰a message。此表达为写作中的亮点，使用时需注意现在分词(短语)作定语与修饰词之间为主动关系。
(单句语法填空)
①The professor (give) a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University.
②Last night we eventually got the message (concern) the special meeting.
giving
concerning
(5)第18行中使用了a horrible surprise，此处为抽象名词具体化，表示一件令人惊讶的事，表达此事完全在作者的意料之外。类似用法的词语还有：success, failure, shock, honour, comfort等。
(完成句子)
______________________ to give you a speech here.
能在这里给你们做演讲是我极大的荣幸。
(6)第27行中使用了at a loss这一短语，表达了作者当时的迷茫和无助。
(完成句子)
When he was faced with the dilemma,_______________.
当他面对这一困境时，他不知所措。
It's a great honour for me
he was at a loss
阅读文章第五段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)True (T) or False (F)．
①Cindy thought their friendship was not worth saving. ( )
②Cindy thought Jenny was in the wrong and advised Amy not to accept her apology. ( )
③Cindy suggested that Amy should have a frank talk with Jenny. ( )
(2)What's Cindy's advice to Amy's problem
①To save their friendship；
②To find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with Jenny.
F
F
T
2．表达的技巧
第30行中使用了be worth doing “……值得做”，是主动形式表示被动意义，属于亮点用法，同时也是易错点，需要注意。
(单句语法填空)
The film is so interesting that it is worth _______(see) a second time.
seeing
阅读文章第六段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)According to David, what should Amy do if her friend ignores her feelings or makes her suffer
A．She should never forgive her friend.
B．She should trust her friend.
C．She should rethink their friendship.
D．She should forgive her friend.
答案：C
(2)What's David's advice to Amy's problem
①Rethink their relationship；
②Accept that friends come and go in life.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第40行中的definitely运用得恰到好处，准确地表达出了David对Amy的理解。
(翻译句子)
I definitely remember sending the letter.
我确实记得这封信发出去了。
(2)第41～42行中使用了when引导的时间状语从句和trick, really, let go of等亮点表达，使语言丰富多变，句式条理清晰。
(单句语法填空)
①I _______(real) didn't want to disturb you, but I had to.
②It's time for you to let go ____ your son.
(完成句子)
③He looked aside___________________.
我对他说话的时候，他向旁边看。
④Don't __________ by his sweet words.
不要被他的花言巧语骗了。
really
of
when I spoke to him
be tricked
步骤三|读后理层次结构，
析有何逻辑
课文标题“Friendship on the rocks: please advise！”直接点明了文章的主题“青少年的友谊危机”。本文的写作结构为论坛中的“主题帖＋回复帖”结构。主题帖讲述了朋友交往过程中的一个矛盾冲突，其中包含了叙事情节发展的基本要素：交代情节、情节发展、高潮和情节回落，而在本文中故事的结尾则交由读者自行合理推断，给读者留下了想象的空间。此外，文中多处使用表示转折含义的连接词，有助于学生理解语篇内部的语义逻辑关系。
阅读技巧：此类语篇常针对某一细节或情节的发展设置细节理解题，题目相对简单，只需根据题干中的关键词回到原文找到相应的信息句即可解题。但在这一过程中，关键词与信息句、信息句与正确选项之间通常不是简单的原文词句的重复出现，多数都是经过同义转换之后的结果。这里的同义转换既指同义词之间的转换，也指同义结构、同义语句的转换。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值
本文两篇回复帖的结尾句为“I'm sure you can solve this problem together.”和“It's sad to move on, but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.”。由此可以看出回复帖的两位作者认真审视并理性处理友谊危机的积极心态。选择理性的交友方式，妥善处理交友过程中面临的问题，有助于锻炼人际交往能力，磨炼应对困难的意志力，为青少年身心健康的协调发展奠定良好的基础。
阅读下面语段，感悟正确处理友谊危机的方式：
I once had a quarrel with my best friend because I thought she said something mean about me behind my back.When it turned out that I misunderstood her, I apologized to her and we became good friends again.
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
★sight n．视野；视力；看见
[用法感知]
①There was no taxi in sight, so I had to take a bus to the town.
看不到出租车，所以我不得不乘公共汽车进城。
②(以文化人助写作)Only a short sighted man will lose sight of the importance of education.
只有目光短浅的人才会忽视教育的重要性。
③At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of sight.
在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别，直到火车消失在视线之外。
[归纳点拨]
(1)out of (one's) sight 脱离(某人的)视线
in/within sight 看得见；在视力范围内
at the sight of 一看见
at first sight 初看时，乍一看
(2)catch sight of 看见
lose sight of 看不见
come into sight 进入视野
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④____ the sight of his mother, the boy stopped crying.
⑤The jet plane zoomed up into the sky, and was soon _____of sight.
⑥The mountain town ______________ as we turned the last corner.
我们拐过最后一个弯，山城就映入了我们的眼帘。
⑦I _______________my former teacher just now, but he turned at a corner and I ___________ him.
刚才我看见了以前的老师，但是他在拐角处转弯了，我就看不见他了。
At
out
came into sight
caught sight of
lost sight of
2．When I called her, she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.
我打电话过去，她说她也许不能去看电影了。
★make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart”；as long as you have a dream, keep trying and you'll make it, too.
“世上无难事，只怕有心人”；只要你有梦想，坚持尝试，你也会成功。
②Inspired by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.
受到演讲的激励，小女孩下定决心更加努力地学习。
③We must make use of every minute to go over our lessons.
我们必须利用每一分钟时间来复习功课。
[归纳点拨]
make up for 弥补；偿还
make sense 有道理；有意义
make out 理解；弄清楚
make up one's mind (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
make use of 利用
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
④I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he _______ at last.
我原以为他年纪太大了，爬不上山顶，但他最终成功了。
⑤She doesn't have a gift for music, but she _____________ it with hard work.
她没有音乐天赋，但她用努力练习来弥补她的不足。
⑥By the light of the moon I could just __________ shapes and outlines.
月光下，我只能分辨出物体的形状和轮廓。
⑦I _____________________ to get rid of this bad habit.
我已经下定决心改掉这个坏习惯。
made it
makes up for
make out
have made up my mind
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑧We should make good use of our time to learn English.
make the most of/take advantage of
3．Instead of recovering at home, she was out having fun with someone else.
她并没有在家养病，而是跑到外面和别人乐呵去了。
★recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
[用法感知]
①It took them a long time to recover from this shock.
他们花了很长时间才从这次震惊中恢复过来。
②She soon recovered herself and stopped crying.
她很快就恢复过来，不再哭了。
③(以文化人助写作)May you have a speedy recovery and be back soon.
祝你早日康复，早日归来。
[归纳点拨]
(1)recover oneself 恢复正常，镇静下来
recover from 从……恢复/痊愈；从……收回
(2)recovery n. 恢复，还原；痊愈
make a recovery (from) (从……)恢复，痊愈
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④There is now no possibility that she will make a full __________(recover)．
⑤I was recovering ______ surgery and couldn't go to shopping malls.
(2)一句多译
尽管他在这起交通事故中严重受伤，但最后他康复了。
⑥Even though he was seriously hurt in the car accident, he finally _______________it.(recover)
⑦Even though he was seriously hurt in the car accident, he finally _____________________it.(recovery)
recovery
from
recovered from
made a recovery from
4．I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day, and I still don't feel like responding to any of her online messages.
我气坏了，一整天我在学校都躲着她，到现在也不想回复她网上发过来的任何消息。
★respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Volunteer service teaches me to be patient and loving, learning how to respond to different people.
志愿者服务教会我要有耐心、有爱心，学会如何回应不同的人。
②The teachers changed their teaching methods in response to the students' request.
应学生的要求，老师们改变了教学方法。
③To my surprise, they make a quick response to my inquiry.
令我惊讶的是，他们对我的询问很快做了答复。
[归纳点拨]
(1)respond to 答复……；对……作出反应
(2)response n. 回应，反应；回答
in response to 对……作出反应
make a response to 对……作出回应/回答
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④The teacher responded immediately ____the question that the student put forward.
⑤Scientists of all over the world made a _________(respond) to these terrible changes in climate.
⑥_____ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
(2)句型转换
⑦I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond to it.
→I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't __________________it.(response)
to
response
In
make a response to
5．Don't be so quick to judge your friend.
别这么快就给你的朋友下结论。
★judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n．法官；裁判员
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)As the old saying goes, “You can't judge a book by/from its cover.”
俗话说，“不要以貌取人。”
②Judging from their speeches, people are increasingly anxious about air and water pollution.
从他们的演讲中可以判断，人们越来越关注空气污染和水污染问题。
③As far as I can judge, the farmwork programme was very meaningful.
我认为，这个农活活动非常有意义。
归纳点拨 (1)judge sb./sth. by/from 从……来判断某人/某物
judging by/from 从……判断
as far as sb. can judge 据某人判断
(2)judgement (＝judgment) n. 判断力；看法
in one's judgement 据某人判断
名师点津 judging from/by表示“从……上看；根据……来判断”，置于句首作状语，构成独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking, frankly speaking, considering等。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④_________ (judge) from the number of the cars, only a small number of people have attended the meeting.
⑤I respect his ___________________(judge) and I'll follow any advice he gives me.
(2)一句多译
据我判断，这个地铁的总造价共计为30多亿元。
⑥___________________, the total cost of the subway adds up to more than three billion yuan.
⑦________________, the total cost of the subway adds up to more than three billion yuan.
Judging
judgment/judgement
As far as I can judge
In my judgement
6．Perhaps she knows she's in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.
或许她知道自己错了，想向你道歉，又或许她可以明白地解释自己的行为。
★apologize(＝apologise) vi.道歉，谢罪
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)I should apologize to you because I cannot go there on time for the reasons as follows.
我应该向你道歉，因为我不能按时去那里，原因如下。
②Henry made an apology to his teacher for coming late.
亨利因迟到向老师道歉。
③I owe you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyhow I meant no offence.
我为今早我说的话向你道歉。不管怎样我无意冒犯。
[归纳点拨]
(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Victor apologized _____ me for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.
⑤I owe you an _________(apologize) for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
(2)句型转换
⑥If you are really wrong, you should apologize to your roommate.
→If you are really wrong, you should __________________ your roommate.
to
apology
make an apology to
★behaviour(＝behavior) n．行为，举止，态度
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)As far as I'm concerned, you should mind your behaviour during the meal.
就我个人而言，用餐时，你应该注意自己的行为举止。
②Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
应该鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，更好地表现自己。
③Mother warned Jack not to behave badly at the party.
妈妈警告杰克不要在聚会上不守规矩。
[归纳点拨]
behave v． 举动；(举止或行为)表现
behave well/badly 表现良好/不好
behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/差
behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④They behaved badly ___________the guests, which made us very disappointed.
⑤Much to my surprise, he _________ as if nothing had happened. In general, I was quite pleased with his ___________. (behave)
⑥The children ___________________at the party. I'm proud of them.
孩子们在聚会上举止得体，我为他们感到骄傲。
to/towards
behaved
behavio(u)r
behaved themselves
7．In any case, find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈谈。
★case n．具体情况，事例；案件；容器
[用法感知]
①You should remember this in any case.
无论如何你要记住这一点。
②(以文化人助写作)In no case should we do anything that goes against the interests of people.
我们决不能做任何违背人民利益的事。
③Write the phone number down in case you forget it.
把电话号码写下来以免忘了。
归纳点拨 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in this/that case 既然这样/那样；如果是这样/那样的话
in no case 决不(放句首时，主句要用部分倒装)
in case 以防(万一)
in case of ... 万一……；如果发生……
名师点津 in case后常接句子；in case of后常接名词(短语)。
[应用融会]
(1)完成句子
④Enough space should be given to the kids.___________, they will get more life experiences.
应该给孩子们足够的空间。如果那样的话，他们将获得更多的生活体验。
⑤Please come to see me ___________.
无论如何请一定要来看我。
In that case
in any case
(2)一句多译
以防下雨，你最好带把伞。
⑥You'd better take an umbrella __________the rain.
⑦You'd better take an umbrella ________ it rains.
(3)句型转换
⑧I can in no case lose this important match.
→In no case______________________________.
in case of
in case
can I lose this important match
8．However, if your friend ignores your feelings or makes you suffer, it's time to rethink your relationship.
可是，如果你朋友不在乎你的感受，让你难过，那就该反思一下你们的关系了。
★ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)There is no denying that some cyclists ignore traffic rules on purpose.
不可否认，一些骑自行车的人故意无视交通规则。
②They fought a long battle against prejudice and ignorance.
他们同偏见与无知进行了长期的斗争。
③Many people are worryingly ignorant of the facts about global warming.
许多人竟然不知道地球变暖的事实，实在令人担忧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)ignorance n． 无知；愚昧
in ignorance of ... 对……不知道
(2)ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的
be ignorant of/about ... 对……不了解
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④People who live in the city may be __________(ignore) of farm life.
⑤Some riders of e bikes come and go in all directions, __________(ignore) traffic lights and other vehicles.
⑥Most people there received so little education that they were ______________the law.
那里的大多数人受到的教育太少，以至于他们对法律一无所知。
⑦To his surprise, some teenagers ________________some basic living skills.
令他惊讶的是，一些青少年对一些基本的生活技能都不了解。
ignorant
ignoring
in ignorance of
are ignorant of
★suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差vt.遭受，蒙受
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)There is no denying that our earth is suffering severe damage.
不可否认，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
②People who exercise regularly are less likely to suffer from diseases.
经常锻炼的人患病的可能性较低。
③It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering they went through during the winter months.
很难想象他们在冬天里所经历的痛苦和折磨。
归纳点拨 (1)suffer from ... 受……之苦；患……病
suffer from cold and hunger 忍饥受冻
suffer pain/loss/hardship/defeat 遭受痛苦/损失/困苦/失败
(2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦难
轻巧识记
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The old man is said to have gone through varieties of __________(suffer) during the war.
⑤Among these children, about 30 percent suffer _____ high levels of blood sugar and fat at present.
⑥The area _______________________ caused by the terrible earthquake.
这个地区因这次可怕的地震遭受了严重的损坏。
sufferings
from
suffered serious damage
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1．Whether we're walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, we're hardly out of each other's sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
[归纳点拨]
(1)whether ...or ...既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句，意为“不管是……还是……，不论……还是……”。
(2)whether or not意为“无论，是否”。
(3)whether to do sth.(or not)意为“是否做某事”，为“引导词＋to do”形式，常用来作动词宾语。
[应用融会] (完成句子/句式升级)
①Anyone,____________________________________, should be equally respected.
任何人，无论他是官员还是公交司机，都应得到相同的尊重。
②I'd appreciate it if you could let me know _____________________________in advance.
如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将感激不尽。
③_____________________, it is required that all the students should attend the meeting on time.
无论下不下雨，都要求所有学生必须按时参加会议。
④It's up to you to decide whether we will get aboard the glass bottomed walkway.
→It's up to you to decide____________________________________________.
whether he is an official or a bus driver
whether you are available or not
Whether it rains or not
whether to get aboard the glass bottomed walkway
2．How stupid I was!
我傻透了！
[归纳点拨]
本句为how引导的感叹句，其结构为How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语！表示说话者的惊讶、喜悦、沮丧等情绪。
表示感叹的句型有：
(1)How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)!
How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)!
How＋主语＋谓语！
(2)What＋a/an(＋adj.)＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)!
What(＋adj.)＋可数名词复数/不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！
[应用融会]
(1)对比填空(what/how)
①______ an unforgettable and meaningful day it was!
②____ delighted I am to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friends!
③______ lovely wild animals we saw during our tour in Australia!
④______ great fun it is to sit down and have a good chat with your close friends!
(2)一句多译
他提出了一个多么好的建议啊！
⑤_____________________ he has put forward! (what)
⑥_____________________ he has put forward! (how)
What
How
What
What
What a good suggestion
How good a suggestion
3．I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day ...
我气坏了，一整天我在学校都躲着她……
[归纳点拨]
本句中so ... that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，其中so为副词，修饰形容词angry；that为连词，引导结果状语从句。其基本句型结构为：
(1)so＋adj./adv.＋that ...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that ...
so＋many/few＋可数名词复数＋that ...
so＋much/little (少)＋不可数名词＋that ...
(2)such＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that ...
such＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that ...
①Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage.
有时候，微笑是如此强大，以至于它给遭受灾难的人以巨大的勇气。
②China is developing so fast that there are so many chances for us to achieve our dreams.
中国发展得如此之快，以至于我们有这么多的机会来实现我们的梦想。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③Some foreigners think electronic payment is ____convenient that they all want to use it.
④There were _____ many books in the shop that he didn't know which to buy.
⑤He made ____ great progress that his teacher praised him.
⑥There is ____ little time left that I have to leave at once.
so
so
such
so
(2)一句多译
大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
⑦Dalian is ________________________ lots of tourists visit the city every year. (so ... that ...)
⑧Dalian is ____________________________ lots of tourists visit the city every year.(such ... that ...)
so attractive a place that
such an attractive place that
第三板块 拓展语言技能——握规律
词语搭配(一)
文中出现了以下词语搭配：
v．＋friendship→save a friendship 拯救友谊
friendship＋v.→a friendship grows 友谊的发展
adj.＋friendship→a close friendship 亲密的友谊
adj.＋friend→my best friend 我最好的朋友
v．＋friend→make friends 交朋友
文中出现的搭配分别为：v.＋n., n．＋v., adj.＋n.
1．v.＋n.的搭配，可以使语言交流形式多样，意义简洁，且表意清楚。例如：
do the cooking 做饭
do the washing 洗衣服
do the homework 做作业
make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误
make the bed 铺床
make an arrangement 做出安排
[对点训练] (写出下列短语)
① 看医生
② 坐下；入座
③ 失去信心
④ 取得进步
⑤ 感冒
⑥ 表达感谢
see a doctor
take a seat
lose heart
make progress
have/catch a cold
express thanks
2．n.＋v.的搭配，可以使表达更生动，句式更富有感彩。例如：
the sun rises 太阳升起
the night falls 夜幕降临
[对点训练] (完成句子)
①________________________ everywhere.
白色的小花随处可见。
②___________ that Bob won the first prize in the contest.
消息传来，鲍勃在比赛中得了第一名。
Small white flowers appear
Word came
3．adj.＋n.的搭配，可以让表意更具体、形象。例如：
black tea 红茶
hot potato 不易处理的事
green hand 新手
a difficult person 一个难以相处的人
[对点训练] (补全下列短语)
①_______ match 绝配
②a ______ man 硬汉
③a _______coat 厚外套
④a _____ history and culture 悠久的历史和文化
perfect
tough
heavy
rich
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster, this ________(极坏的) turn of events.
2．There was a time when people may have felt __________(尴尬的) about asking for a table for one, but those days are over.
3．Although he was poor, he was quite __________(慷慨的) to his needy friends.
4．If you have any other problems, please don't hesitate to ________(联系) me.
5．My kids spend hours __________(聊天) on the phone to their friends.
horrible
awkward
generous
contact
chatting
6．He _______ (不顾) all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.
7．They were clearing up when the second bomb __________(爆炸), causing three policemen injured.
8．There was a tree directly in my line of ______(视线), so I could only see half the stage.
9．They had to think of a ______(诡计) to get past the guards and broke into
the building.
ignored
exploded
trick
sight
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Many buildings on the campus are his _________(origin) creations.
2．Amanda Hill is the chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global ______(medium) company.
3．You should _________(apology) to her for blaming her wrongly.
4．Does television affect children's ___________(behave)
5．It was their ___________(ignore) and prejudice that allowed the disaster to happen.
6．When asked about the company's future, the director ____________(respond) that he remained optimistic.
original
media
apologize
behaviour
ignorance
responded
7．_________ (frank) speaking, it is difficult for me to make out what he is saying.
8．What you wear should be stylish and clean, and must ___________(definite) fit well.
9．When travelling abroad, you'd better ensure your camera against _____(lose) or damage.
10．________ (judge) from his letter, a campaign against “white pollution” has been undertaken in his hometown.
Frankly
definitely
loss
Judging
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Because a nationwide lockdown to control the spread of the novel coronavirus the film industry is___________.
2．Her first novel was published in 1998 and ___________ she hasn't looked back.
3．I'm glad that after years of hard work you ________.
4．Detectives are so far _________ to explain the reason for his death.
5．Eddie ________ his dream to be a rock star, and focused on schoolwork instead.
make it， on the rocks， at a loss， pick up， hang out， since then， in the wrong， out of one's sight， in any case， let go of
on the rocks
since then
made it
at a loss
let go of
6．Where does he ________ these days
7．I dare not let my son _______________ in the street.
8．I'm not good at physics. I only __________ some knowledge of it during a conversation with my friends.
9．He realized he was ____________ and promised to turn over a new leaf.
10．We may miss the next bus, but _____________ we'll be there before midday.
hang out
out of my sight
picked up
in the wrong
in any case
Ⅳ.完成句子/句式升级
1．________________________________________, we'll go on with the work.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这项工作进行下去。
2．With fire breaking out, remember to keep calm and _____________________from the top of a high building.
发生火灾时，记得保持冷静，在任何情况下你都不能从高楼的顶部跳下去。
3．When looking back, he realized that it was his determination and efforts that__________________.
回顾过去，他意识到是他的毅力和努力让他成功了。
Whether we can find the necessary tools or not
in no case can you jump
helped him make it
4．Art is much less important than life, but _______________ without it!
艺术远没有生活重要，但是没有艺术，生活是多么乏味啊！
5．The boy was so absorbed in reading that he didn't notice it rained outside.(改为倒装句)
→So absorbed __________________________he didn't notice it rained outside.
what a poor life
was the boy in reading that
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Amy and her best friend 1.___________ (be) close for eight years. They planned to see a film, but her best friend told her that she had 2.____ cold. However, Amy's classmate found her 3.__________ (chat) with another girl in a café. Amy felt she 4.____________ (cheat). Amy was so angry 5._______ she avoided her friend during school all day, and she still doesn't feel like 6.____________ (respond) to any of her online messages. The stress of this situation is killing her, and she is at a loss what 7.______ (do) next. Cindy suggested Amy doing her best to save the friendship by having a full talk with her friend 8._________ (frank). However, David advised Amy to let go 9._____ their friendship if she really felt 10.________ (hurt).
have been
a
chatting
was cheated
that
responding
to do
frankly
of
hurt
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共13张PPT)
Welcome to the unit—开篇·把握单元目标
单元素养解读
一、语言能力
听 理解并能从涉及友谊的听力材料中获取具体信息，正确判断说话者的情感态度。
说 能够表述人际交往中遇到的问题，并提出解决办法。
读 把握涉及人际交往的语篇材料的篇章结构，正确获取关键信息，合理进行推断，并提高概括归纳能力。
写 掌握日记的格式和语篇架构，能够运用所学知识正确表达所思所感。
看 通过视频理解青少年的交友困扰，并把握细节信息，判断人物的情感态度。
二、文化意识
1. 激发学生联系个人与朋友相处时的真实感受；
2．理性分析交往中产生摩擦的原因，并给出妥善处理的具体措施；
3．培养学生人际沟通交流、解决实际问题的能力。
三、思维品质
能够正确判断语篇中人物的观点和态度，辨析人们对友谊的定义，评判网络、社交媒体环境下人们的交友观念，在深入理解语篇内容的同时联系自身实际，实现知识与思维能力的迁移。
四、学习能力
1．通过图书馆、互联网等渠道获得更广泛的以“友谊”为主题的信息，扩充学习资源；
2．学会运用解释、复述、举例等手段进行有效交流、自然表达；
3．学习新媒体语篇论坛交流贴的语言特征和写作风格。
教材名言解读
教材名言 The glory of friendship is not the outstretched hand, nor the kindly smile, nor the joy of companionship; it is the spiritual inspiration that comes to one when he discovers that someone else believes in him and is willing to trust him. —Ralph Waldo Emerson
深意解读 本句话是爱默生的名言，意为：友谊的光辉并不在于伸出的援手或者善意的微笑，也不在于陪伴之时的快乐。它是当一个人发现有人相信他并愿意信任他时得到的精神鼓舞。此名言强调了友谊的真正内涵，如果学生在青少年时代学会如何同他人相处，珍视友情，这将使他们受益一生。
文化微语 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生(1803年5月25日－1882年4月27日)，美国思想家、散文家、诗人，是确立美国文化精神的代表人物，是新英格兰超验主义最杰出的代言人。代表作品有《论自然》，《美国学者》。其中《论自然》被认为是新英格兰超验主义的圣经，而《美国学者》被誉为“美国思想文化领域的独立宣言”。
续表
?名言警句拓展
1．The best thing one could own in the world is having some scrupulously honest friends and always understanding each other. —Albert Einstein
世间最美好之事，莫过于有几个肝胆相照、心有灵犀的朋友。
——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
2．To gain sincere friends, one must treat them sincerely when associating with others. —Dale Carnegie
与人交往，待人以至诚，才能换取真挚的友谊。 ——戴尔·卡耐基
3．Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.
—Helen Keller
和朋友走在黑暗中要好过一个人独自在光明中行走。 ——海伦·凯勒
多读时鲜美文
A friend is one that knows you as you are, understands where you have been, accepts what you have become, and still, gently allows you to grow.
—William Shakespeare
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.However, it is not easy for all the people to make new friends. Below are some helpful tips on how to make and keep friends.
Get in touch with others. Different kinds of clubs are some places where you can meet new people and build friendship, but that's not enough, and you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member.
Be cheerful. A smile on the face is a sure way to attract new friends as people are always likely to stay with those with a cheerful mind.
Start a conversation. Do not wait to be spoken to; you can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in connection with other people no matter where you are.
Stay in touch. For a friendship to grow you need to stay in touch. There are several ways of staying in touch with your friends and these include phone calls and online social networking sites.
Do things together. Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friends together and hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
Enjoy your friendship. The best way to enjoy your new friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. Try not to be critical of their personality and try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.
?读后积累
生僻词汇 ①common /'k m n/ adj. 常见的；共有的
②critical /'kr t kl/ adj. 批评的；挑剔的
③personality / p s 'n l ti/ n. 性格；个性
常用词汇 ①relationship n． 关系，联系
②get in touch with 和……取得联系
③active adj. 活跃的；积极的
④attract v. 吸引；引起……的好感
⑤in connection with 与……有关
⑥hang out 闲逛
长难句式 A friend is one that knows you as you are, understands where you have been, accepts what you have become, and still, gently allows you to grow.
分析：该句是主从复合句，句中that引导定语从句，as引导方式状语从句，where引导宾语从句，what引导宾语从句。
译文：朋友就是了解真实的你、理解你的过去、接受你的现在，并且伴你一起成长的人。
续表
