牛津译林版（2019） 必修 第二册 Unit 4 Exploring literature全单元课件（共打包6份）

(共56张PPT)
Extended reading—乐读·浸润学科素养
课时目标
1. 读懂整篇节选，并分析其体现出来的文学作品的三个特性。
2. 把握文章刻画的人物形象，领会小说所隐含的哲理和象征意义。
3. 掌握海明威的写作方法和写作风格，培养正确分析作品语言特色和人物个性的能力。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．strain n．　　　　　 用劲，使力；压力，拉力；重负
2．noble adj. 贵族的，高贵的；崇高的；宏伟的
3．weave vi.&vt. 迂回行进，穿行；编
4．mushy adj. 糊状的，软而稠的
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． vt. 击败，战胜
n. 失败，战败；击败
2． vt.& n. 努力，尝试，试图
3． adv. 在……旁边；与……一起
4． n. 闪光；闪现
vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现
defeat
attempt
alongside
flash
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． adv.极其，非常，极端→extreme adj.极端的；极度的
2． vt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏→destruction n．破坏；毁坏→destructive adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的
3． vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正→straight adj.直的；直筒形(非紧身)的 adv.笔直地；平正地
4． vt.完成→ accomplishment n．成就；完成
5． adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→confuse vt.使困惑→confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confusion n．困惑
extremely
destroy
straighten
accomplish
confused
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 　　　　　　　　 握住；抓牢；坚持不懈
2． 靠过来并排
3． 全力以赴
4． 半途，部分地
5． 保持某人的头脑清醒
6． (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理
7． 　 正要做某事
8． 再一次
hold on
come alongside
with all one's strength
part way
keep one's head clear
clear up
be on the point of doing sth.　
once more
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother.(部分倒装)我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。
写佳句 a good harvest without hard work.
没有辛苦的付出，人们很难得到好的收获。
Hardly can/do people get
2.
悟原句 The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
写佳句 (2021·浙江1月高考)I had no choice but to keep still____________ _____________and listened to the knife moving on the pumpkin.
我别无选择，只能紧紧闭着眼睛一动不动，听着刀子在南瓜上移动。
with my eyes
tightly closed
第一遍　泛读通文意　
The Old Man and the Sea
(Excerpt)
Ernest Hemingway (1899－1961), an American writer of novels and short stories, is well thought of for his unique writing style.He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”. The Old Man and the Sea, one of his most important novels, tells the story of a fisherman named Santiago.After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring him closer. For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then he straightened himself and began another circle.
“I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him then.”
He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could.I moved him, he thought.Maybe this time I can get him over.Pull, hands, he thought.Hold up, legs.Last for me, head.Last for me.You never went.This time I'll pull him over.
But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
“Fish，” the old man said.“Fish, you are going to have to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too？”
That way nothing is accomplished, he thought.His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.I must get him alongside this time, he thought.I am not good for many more turns.Yes you are, he told himself.You're good for ever.
On the next turn, he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.
You are killing me, fish, the old man thought.But you have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, e on and kill me.I do not care who kills who.
Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought.You must keep your head clear.Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man.Or a fish, he thought.
“Clear up, head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear. “Clear up.”
[参考译文]
老人与海(节选)
欧内斯特·海明威(1899－1961)，美国小说家、短篇小说作家，因其独特的写作风格而广受好评。他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。《老人与海》是他最重要的小说之一，讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的渔夫的故事。在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
这时鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动。老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。有那么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。
[句式释解]
句 　that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 all。　　　　
“我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。”
现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它了，他想。也许这次我能搞定它。使劲拉呀，手啊，他想。站稳啦，腿啊。给我撑住，脑袋啊，给我撑住。你从未晕倒过。这次我要把它拉过来。
[句式释解]
句 　but 连接两个并列句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 all the strain。　　　　
可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。
[句式释解]
句 　when 引导时间状语从句；starting it well out, pulling with all his strength 为现在分词短语作伴随状语；before 引导时间状语从句。　　　　
“鱼呀，”老人说，“鱼呀，反正你都得死。你非要把我也杀了吗？”
这样下去要一无所获了，他想。他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。
在接下来的一圈，他差点就把它拉过来了。但是这鱼又正了正身子，慢慢游走了。
你快弄死我了，鱼啊，老人想。不过你有权这么做。我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。来，杀了我吧。我不在乎谁弄死谁。
[句式释解]
句 　never位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。
句 　第一个who引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。　　　　
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。你必须保持头脑清醒。保持头脑清醒，要像条汉子，懂得怎么受苦。或者像条鱼，他想。
[句式释解]
句 　how to suffer like a man 在句中作know 的宾语。　　　　
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起来。”
[句式释解]
句 　he could hardly hear为定语从句，修饰先行词voice，此处省略了关系代词that/which。　　　　
那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。
我不明白，老人想。每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。
他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感觉自己快不行了。鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。
[句式释解]
句 　when 引导时间状语从句。
句 　本句中含有“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处为现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间为主谓关系。　　　　
我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无力，而且大部分时间双眼都看不清。
[句式释解]
第二遍　精读提素养　
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么　
What's the main idea of the text
The text is from the novel The Old Man and the Sea, which mainly describes .
an excerpt
the old man's struggle with a huge fish
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的　
阅读文章第一至六段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What's the right order of the events
①The old man felt faint again but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could.
②The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring the fish closer.
③The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.
④The old man's mouth was too dry to speak.
⑤The fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
A．③①②⑤④　　　　　 B．③②①⑤④
C．③②①④⑤ D．②③①⑤④
答案：B
(2)Why couldn't the old man reach for the water even when his mouth was too dry to speak
He must get the fish alongside, so he had no time to reach for the water.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第13行中使用了that引导的定语从句修饰先行词all，形象地表现出了老人用尽全力同大鱼搏斗的情景。that引导定语从句是写作中的常用句式，也是增分亮点。试完成下面的句子：
All turned out to be worthwhile.
我们所做的一切证明都是值得的。
(2)第26和27行中使用了现在分词starting, pulling 作伴随状语，生动地描写出老人为捕获大鱼所做出的努力。现在分词作状语时，分词与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系。试完成下面的句子：
He said it angrily, the graffiti on the wall.
他生气地说着，手指着墙上的涂鸦。
that we have done
pointing at
(3)第34行中使用了短语too ... to ...“太……而不能”，表达出老人因与大鱼长时间搏斗没有喝水而口干舌燥仍坚持不放弃的精神。试完成下面的句子：
I'm any further.
我太累了，走不动了。
too tired to go
阅读文章第七至十段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What did the old man do when he got confused in the head
A．He reminded himself to keep his head clear again and again.
B．He wanted to suffer like a fish.
C．He thought he should have a rest.
D．He wanted to give up.
答案：A
(2)Did the old man get the fish on this turn Did he give up
No, the fish swam away again. The old man didn't give up, and he tried once more.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第39行中使用副词nearly修饰动词had，表达出老人马上就要捕到鱼却又让其溜走的无奈。副词修饰动词，常常用来具体说明动作的某些特征。试完成下面的句子：
The little boy while riding a bike.
骑自行车的时候，这个小男孩仔细地看着路。
(2)第47行中用confused一词形象地表达出老人已经头脑不清醒，十分疲倦。confuse的-ing形式表示“令人困惑的”，修饰事或物；-ed形式表示“感到困惑的”，修饰人，表示人的心理状态。用confuse的适当形式填空：
William was very when he heard the news.(confuse)
carefully watched the path
confused
confusing
阅读文章第十一至十五段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)Which of the following words can describe the old man
A．Brave and smart. B．Kind and confident.
C．Brave and strong-willed. D．Kind and brave.
答案：C
(2)What did the old man do every time he felt himself going
He held on and tried it once again/more.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第55行中使用了短语feel himself go，表达出了老人的内心活动。在与大鱼殊死搏斗的过程中，老人勇敢地面对敌手，绝不言弃，坚持到底，表现出无与伦比的毅力和勇气。feel oneself go 在此处意为“感到自己要垮掉”。试翻译下面的句子：
Every time I feel myself go, there is always someone willing to support me.
(2)第61～62行中使用了although 引导的让步状语从句，表现出了老人虽然双手无力，眼睛也看不清，但是他仍然坚持不放弃。试完成下面的句子：
,he's always willing to help those in need.
尽管他并不富有，但他却总是乐于帮助那些需要帮助的人。
每次当我感到自己要垮掉时，总有人愿意支持我。
Although he is not rich
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑　
本文是《老人与海》的一个经典片段。文章以记叙文的形式展开，用简洁的语言、独特的写作方式、自然的韵调，刻画出老人不屈服于命运，凭借自己的勇气、毅力和智慧奋勇抗争的鲜明形象。这一片段集中体现了海明威作品的主题——“人不是生来要被打败的，一个人可以被毁灭，但不能被打败。”本文中人物的语言、动作和心理活动都是围绕这一主题展开的。
阅读技巧：阅读文学作品首先要理清文章的线索。线索是贯穿全文的脉络，散文与小说的线索多是人、事、景、物。根据文章线索可把握作者的写作意图、明晰文章的脉络结构。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值　
百折不挠，永不言弃
本文64～66行提到“So he thought, and he felt himself going before he started; I will try it once again.”，这句话向我们传达了在面对困境时只有拥有坚持不懈的精神、百折不挠的信念，我们才能取得最终的胜利。
阅读下列句子，进一步体会这一内涵：
1．Persevere and you'll succeed.
只要坚持不懈，你就会成功。
2．I will never give up, no matter what happens.
不管发生什么，我都不会放弃。
3．Although you have failed one hundred times，you may succeed when you try for the 101st time.
即使你失败了一百次，但在第一百零一次尝试的时候你可能就会成功。
1．After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish.
在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
★attempt vt.& n．努力，尝试，试图
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)A bold attempt is half success.
勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。
②Hearing you are hosting a Chinese painting exhibition, I attempt to apply to be a volunteer for the event.
得知你们要举办中国画展览，我试图申请成为这次活动的志愿者。
③There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact you failed.在那个偏远的村庄里没有信号，我所有联系你的尝试都失败了。
[归纳点拨]
(1)attempt to do sth.　 努力做某事，试图做某事
(2)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/一句多译)
④I passed my driving test the first attempt.
　男孩们试图去露营，却被父母制止了。
⑤The boys but were stopped by their parents.(attempt n．)
⑥The boys but were stopped by their parents.(attempt n．)
⑦The boys but were stopped by their parents.(attempt v．)
at
made an attempt to go camping
made an attempt at going camping
attempted to go camping
2．Then he straightened himself and began another circle.
接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。
★straighten vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正
[用法感知]
①The fox straightened himself and walked in front of the tiger.
狐狸挺直身子，走在老虎的前面。
②He decided to straighten up and make himself useful to the country.
他决心改过自新，使自己成为国家的有用之人。
③Let's get this straight — you really had no idea where he was, did you
让我们把这个明确一下——你真的不知道他在哪儿，是不是？
[归纳点拨]
(1)straighten up　　　　　 直起来；挺直；改正
straighten up＝tidy up 整理，收拾整齐
(2)straight adj. 直的，竖直的
get sth.straight 明确某事；把某事弄清楚
(3)straight adv. 笔直地，径直地，立即
straight away 立即，马上
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
④You should straighten your room before going out.
⑤I'll solve the problem straight .
⑥The road bends here and then (straight) out.
up
away
straightens
3．His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.
他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。
[归纳点拨]
本句运用了“too ... to ...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”。
(1)too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.表示否定意义；
(2)too＋glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious等表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词＋to do sth.表示肯定意义。　　
[应用融会]　(同义句转换/翻译句子)
①To be honest, he is so stubborn that you can't persuade him to go with us.
→To be honest, he is him to go with us.
②The problem is so difficult that I can't settle it.
→The problem is .
③I'm too willing to help those who are in need.
too stubborn for you to persuade
too difficult for me to settle
我十分乐意去帮助那些需要帮助的人。
4．Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought.
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。
★confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的
[用法感知]
①The confused look on her face suggested she was confused about the confusing instructions.
她脸上困惑的表情表明她对那些令人困惑的说明感到困惑。
②I always confuse John with/and his elder brother; they are so much alike.
我总是把约翰和他哥哥混淆，他们太像了。
③To avoid confusion, please write the children's names clearly on their school clothes.
为了避免混淆，请把孩子们的名字清楚地写在他们的校服上。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be/get confused by/about　 对……感到困惑
(2)confuse vt. 使迷惑；使糊涂
confuse A with/and B 把A与B混淆
(3)confusing adj. 难以理解的；令人困惑的
(4)confusion n. 困惑；混淆
[易混辨析]　confused, confusing
confused 多用来描述中心词或主语的感受，常以人作主语。
confusing 多用来说明中心词或主语本身的特征，常以事/物作主语。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Be careful not to confuse quantity quality.
⑤He adopts flexible teaching method, so that his students can make sense of __________(confuse) knowledge.
⑥I often get (confuse) when I come across new words.
(2)词汇复现(替换加蓝词汇)
⑦Scientists are puzzled as to why the whale had swum to the shore. _________
with
confusing
confused
confused
5．“Clear up, head，” he said in a voice he could hardly hear.
“清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说。
★clear up (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；转晴；解决
[用法感知]
①We are old enough and should clear up our rooms by ourselves.
我们年龄足够大了，应该自己整理房间。
②Luckily, the weather cleared up sometime after lunch and we headed for the school.
幸运的是，午饭后天气转晴，我们朝学校走去。
③There should be someone to whom you can turn for any advice or to clear up any problems.
应该有个你可以事事请教或帮助你解决一切难题的人。
[归纳点拨]
clear away　　　　 把……清除掉 (以留出空间)
clear off 离开；逃离
clear out 把……清空；清理；丢掉
[应用融会]　(选用上述短语填空)
④He suddenly when he heard the voice of the policeman.
⑤We all our old clothes.
⑥After the bowls and dishes were ,the children sat at the table, playing with building blocks.
cleared off
cleared out
cleared away
6．He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.
每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。
★be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事
[用法感知]
①The man was on the point of smoking when the waitress stopped him.
这个人正要吸烟，这时服务员制止了他。
②He explained patiently when the discussion got off the point.
在讨论离题时，他就耐心地进行了解释。
③There's no point getting into a panic about the coming exams.
对即将到来的考试惊惶失措是没有意义的。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be on the point of doing ... when ...　　正要做……这时……
There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没有意义的
(2)at one point 曾经，一度
off the point 离题，偏题
to the point 简明，恰当；简洁中肯的
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The letter from Jack was short and the point.
⑤ one point, the boy was addicted to playing computer games.
⑥There is no point .
跟他争辩毫无意义。
⑦I my best friend encouraged me to go on.
我正要放弃，这时我的好朋友鼓励我坚持下去。
to
At
in arguing with him
was on the point of giving up when
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's true that once you formed the habit of smoking, you'll find it__________ (extreme) difficult to get out of it.
2．Their recent attempt (increase) sales has been a big failure.
3．I (straight) myself up to answer the question.
4．People are (confuse) about all the different labels on food these days.
extremely
to increase
straightened
confused
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．You can for 4－10 hours after exercise.
2．He saying something when the phone rang.
3．The accident raised questions about the safety of the plan .
4．She was on the hillside, up, tired and hungry.
5．You'd better the whole work you did a few minutes before you leave your office.
part way， keep one's head clear， clear up， be on the point of， once more
keep your head clear
was on the point of
once more
part way
clear up
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Old Man and the Sea, a great novel 1. (write) by the American author Ernest Hemingway, was published in 1952.The success of the book made him well-known and contributed 2. the honor, the Nobel Prize in Literature which he received in 1954.It was Hemingway's last major work of fiction.The story is about 3. old fisherman named Santiago 4. has been empty-handed for 84 days.With the belief that he will change his bad luck, Santiago takes his boat far out into the Gulf Stream, where the water is very deep, and he hooks a huge fish which is even 5. (long) than his fishing boat.
written
to
an
who/that
longer
With all his great experience and 6. (strong), he struggles with the fish for three days and 7. (final) succeeds in catching it, but his hard work then goes for nothing — sharks eat the captured fish before he can return to the harbor.Hemingway is interested in the ideas of men proving their worth by 8._____ (face) and overcoming the challenges of nature.Through his struggle, the old man 9. ______(show) the ability of human spirit to bear hardship and suffering 10. __________(achieve) greater success and victory.
strength
finally
facing
shows
to achieve
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共46张PPT)
Grammar and usage —语法·提升语言能力
课时目标
1. 通过阅读有关“如何选书”的语篇，观察、探究情态动词can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to等在文中的使用，并归纳其核心规则。
2. 通过句子、语篇两个层面的巩固练习，熟练掌握情态动词的相关知识。
3. 准确、恰当、得体地使用情态动词，完成提建议、制订规章制度等任务，实现“形式—意义—使用” 三者的统一。
语法项目——情态动词
初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　
Mary couldn't/wasn't able to see clearly because of her injured eyes.① Her mother told her that she should go to see a doctor as soon as possible.② Her mother warned，“You may/might have poor eyesight if you don't take it seriously.”③ On arriving at the clinic, a doctor asked her，“Shall I examine you one hour later？”④ Mary replied that she would not be free then because she had to attend an important lecture.⑤ The doctor said，“Would you please come to examine tomorrow？”⑥ Mary replies that she must have time then.⑦ She told her teacher，“My eyes hurt and I need have an eye examination.”⑧ As expected, the teacher said，“Yes, of course you can.”⑨
句①含有情态动词could/be able to，表示“能力”；
句②含有情态动词should，表示“责任与义务”；
句③含有情态动词may/might，表示“可能”；
句④含有情态动词shall，表示“征求意见”；
句⑤含有情态动词have to，表示“不得不”；
句⑥含有情态动词would，表示“请求”；
句⑦含有情态动词must，表示“肯定的推测”；
句⑧含有情态动词need，表示“需要”；
句⑨含有情态动词can，表示“许可”。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通　
一、概念　
情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。
二、句法功能　
(一)can/could的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P48典句)If you are not sure what to read, you can get ideas from different sources ...
②(教材P49典句)Can I keep the book for more than two weeks
③(教材P48典句)You could also read book reviews in newspapers, in magazines or online.
④(教材P49典句)Nick can read more in an afternoon than I can in a week!
⑤The story can't/couldn't be true.
[会发现]
(1)④句中can表示 。
(2) 句中can/could 用于肯定句，表示理论或习惯上的可能性。
(3)②句中can表示 ，口语中常用could 代替can。(could表示现在，用以委婉地提出请求、建议等，但回答时一般用can)
(4)⑤句中can/could用于否定句表示 。
能力
①③
请求或许可
推测
[明规则]
1．表示能力：can 表示一般性的能力或即将能做某事，could 表示过去的能力；
2．表示推测：can/could 一般用于否定句或疑问句中；
3．could 表示有礼貌地请求或建议，但回答时一般用 can；
4．can 可用于肯定句中，表示一种客观的可能性。　　
[名师点津]　can 常表示自身具有的能力(ability)，意思相当于be able to，但在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示过去成功地做了某事，could 仅表示客观上有某种能力。
[对点练]　(选词填空：can/could/be able to)
①Some of us use the computer now, but we couldn't last year.
②— he be in the reading room now
—No, he be in it.Because I saw him in the office just now.
③— I borrow your bicycle
—Yes, you ./No, you .
④With hard work, he get good grades.
⑤Accidents happen on such rainy days.
can
Can
can't
Could
can
can't
was able to
can
(二)may/might的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P48典句)Over time, you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste and enjoy reading all the more.
②May I ask if you are fond of travelling by ship
③(教材P49典句)I am afraid I may be unable to finish this novel today.
④(教材P49典句)It may be difficult for people to agree on what good literature is.
⑤He was wondering if he might use the computer.
[会发现]
(1) 句中 may 表示可能性。
(2) 句中 may 表示征求对方意见。
(3)⑤句中might表示 。
[明规则]
1．may表示征求对方意见、允许、许可，might 比 may 的语气更加委婉；
2．may表示可能性，不用于问句中，表示的可能性比 can 小；might 既可指过去的可能性，也可指现在的可能性，表示的可能性比 may 更小。　　
①③④
②
允许、许可
[对点练]　(选词填空：may/might)
①— I come in
—Of course, you .
②This pen be Tom's.
③It rain.You'd better take a raincoat with you.
④I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night bring.
May
may
may
may
might
(三)shall/should的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P48典句)What shall I read
②(教材P48典句)These ideas should point you in the right direction.
③(教材P49典句)Henry should be reading books in the library.
④(教材P49典句)Reading English novels has greatly increased my vocabulary — you should try it too.
⑤You shall get what you want if you behave well.
⑥Students shall not use calculators during exams.
⑦It's surprising that you should not know it.
[会发现]
(1) 句中shall 表示征求意见。
(2) 句中shall 表示允诺。
(3) 句中shall 表示规定。
(4) 句中should表示劝告、建议。
(5) 句中should 表示推测。
(6) 句中should 表示惊讶。
①
⑤
⑥
④
②③
⑦
[明规则]
1．shall用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示征求意见；
2．shall用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示命令、警告、允诺等；
3．shall用于正式文件、法律、规章制度中，表示规定；
4．should表示义务或责任，意为“应该，应当”；
5．should可表示推测，意为“按道理说应该”；
6．should还可表示惊讶、愤怒等情感，意为“竟然”。 　　
[对点练]
(1)选择下列句中 shall 的含义
A．允诺　 B．警告　　C．规定　D．征求意见
①Mum, shall we go and see a film tonight？ ____
②One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.___
(2)选择下列句中 should 的含义
A．应该　 B．应该会，想必会　　C．竟然
③Students should read the list with their parents, and select two activities they would like to do.____
④It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission. __
D
C
A
C
(3)选词填空：shall/should
⑤ he come in or wait outside
⑥You hand in the report tomorrow.
⑦You be careful when crossing the street.
⑧He be there by now.
⑨I don't know why you think that I did it.
Shall
shall
should
should
should
(四)must/have to的用法
[先感知]
①(教材P48典句)However, you must also decide for yourself what kind of books to read.
②(教材P48典句)You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.
③(教材P49典句)I must finish writing the book review and hand it in before Wednesday.
④(教材P49典句)You must be tired after three hours' reading.
⑤Why must it rain on Sunday
[会发现]
(1) 句中must表示有把握地推测。
(2) 句中must表示必要性。
(3) 句中must表示说话人的一种态度。
(4) 句中do not have to 意为“ ”，是have to 的 形式。
④
①③
⑤
②
不必
否定
[明规则]
1．must 表示非常有把握地推测，仅用于肯定句中；
2．must 表示命令或强烈的建议，意为“必须”， 侧重主观意愿。 have to 也有“必须”的含义，但侧重客观需求，有时态、人称和数的变化，否定式是don't/doesn't have to, 意为“不必”，相当于needn't；
3．在回答must 的问句时，否定回答通常用needn't 或don't have to (mustn't 表示禁止)；
4．must表示说话人一种不希望的、不满的态度，意为“偏要，偏偏”。　　
[对点练]
(1)选择下列句中加蓝部分的含义
A．偏要，非要　　　　　 B．必须
C．肯定 D．禁止，不允许
①All the students must obey the school rules. ____
②My watch doesn't work.There must be something wrong with it. ____
③You mustn't stop your car in the busy street. ____
④Why must he go out in the bad weather ____
B
C
D
A
(2)选词填空：must/have to
⑤You be tired now.
⑥If you know the secret, I can tell you.
⑦— I clean the room at once
—Yes, you ./No, you .
must
needn't/don't have to
must
Must
must
(五)will/would的用法
[先感知]
①Will/Would you please keep the door open
②The boy won't let go of the dog.
③He would get up early when he lived in the country.
④Mike will play basketball for hours on the playground.
⑤The door wouldn't open this morning.
[会发现]
(1) 句中will/would 表示请求。
(2) 句中will/would 表示习惯性动作。
(3) 句中will/would 表示意愿。
[明规则]
1．表示请求，will/would 主要用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，would比will更委婉客气。
2．表示习惯性动作，will可以表示现在的习惯，意为“总是；习惯于”；would表示过去的习惯性动作。
3．表示意愿，will表示现在的意愿，would用于过去的情况，也可表示现在的意愿，但语气比will更委婉。　　
①
③④
②⑤
[名师点津]　used to do 也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，且往往指后来不再进行的动作。否定形式是 didn't use to或 used not to。
[对点练]　(选词填空：will/would/used to)
① you like a cup of coffee
②When he was abroad, on Sundays he go to the park to play chess.
③She doesn't get up early as she .
④You can stay here as long as you can, if you do it.
Will/Would
would
used to
will
(六)dare与need的用法
[先感知]
①It's quite warm here; we needn't turn the heating on yet.
②—Are you coming with me
—I can't, Alice.I daren't.
③He needs to win this game to stay in the match.
④He didn't dare to say what he thought.
[会发现]
(1)①句中的need 为 动词，意为“需要”。
(2)②句中的dare为 动词，意为“敢”。
(3)③句中的need 为 动词，意为“需要”。
(4)④句中的dare 为 动词，意为“敢”。
[明规则]
1．need 意为“需要”，dare 意为“敢”，二者既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。
2．作情态动词时，没有人称和数的变化，直接接动词原形，多用于否定句或疑问句中，构成否定句或疑问句时不用助动词。
情态
情态
实义
实义
3．用作实义动词时，有人称和数的变化，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中， 构成否定句或疑问句时要用助动词do/does/did。 　　
[对点练]　(完成句子)
①He (不必) to do it now.
②You (不必) come so early.
③She (不敢) go out alone at night.
④He (不敢) to do it in this way.
doesn't need
needn't
daren't
didn't dare
三、情态动词的进行式、完成式和被动式　
[先感知]
①Hurry up! They must be waiting for us now.
②The boy might have known the truth, but I am not quite sure.
③You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.
④This can't be done by him.
[会发现]
(1)①句为情态动词的 。
(2)②③句为情态动词的 。
(3)④句为情态动词的 。
进行式
完成式
被动式
[明规则]
1．情态动词可以与实义动词的进行式合用，表示某动作正在进行。
2．情态动词可以与实义动词的完成式合用，表示过去发生的动作。情态动词的完成式常分为以下两种情况：
(1)对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测
must have done “(过去)一定做了”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句
may (might) have done “(过去)可能做了”；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句
can (could) have done 用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑或不确定
(2)表示与过去事实相反
could have done 过去本可以做某事但实际上没做
needn't have done 过去本不必做某事但实际上做了
ought to /should have done 过去本应该做某事但实际上没做
oughtn't to/shouldn't have done 过去本不应该做某事但实际上做了
might have done 过去本可以做某事但实际上没做
　[对点练]　(完成句子)
①From what you said, she you all about it.
从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。
②You me earlier or I might have gone with them.
你应该早点告诉我，不然的话我可能就会和他们一块儿去了。
③They the satellite successfully.
他们本来可以成功发射这颗卫星的。
④You more careful.
你本应该更小心一些的。
⑤You them about it.
你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。
must have told
should have told
could have sent up
ought to/should have been
needn't have told
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成短文
Friendship is of great importance.Everyone 1. (需要维持友谊). In all our lives we 2. (不能生活) without friendship.But real friendship is not easy to come by.Jealousy 3. (会破坏友谊). Time goes by, and good friends 4. (可能会失去). True friendship 5. (必须是真诚的) and be based on the understanding of each other.A good friend 6. (往往会是一位好老师) to us.A good friend 7. (应该是亲切而有耐心的). Therefore, the more true friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves.
needs to maintain friendship
can't live
will spoil friendship
may/might be lost
must be sincere
can always be a good teacher
should/ought to be kind and patient
Ⅱ.选择合适的情态动词完成下面的对话
The bell for class just rang for the second time, but Tom didn't turn up.He 1. _______have arrived at school earlier because there 2. be a math test for the whole class that day.“I 3. find out what has happened to him，” thought his master teacher Mrs Green.
So she called Tom，“Hi, Tom! Why don't you come to school today？”
must， had better， should， have to， would， can't， needn't
should
would
must
“My mother is ill, and I need to look after her at home.”
“Your father should be at home, so you 4. stay at home to take care of her.”
“But my father hasn't got back from work yet.I 5. go to school until my father gets back.”
“OK.But you 6. come here as quickly as possible, or you will 7. _______take another test if you fail this one.”
needn't
can't
had better
have to
新知进补——学用结合方能“融会通”　
1．To start with, ask your friends, parents and teachers to recommend what books you ought to read.
首先，请你的朋友、父母和老师来推荐你该读哪些书。
★recommend vt.推荐，举荐；劝告，建议
[用法感知]
①(2019·江苏高考书面表达)Li Jiang recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su Hua prefers the school uniform.
李江建议穿中国传统服装，而苏华则更喜欢校服。
②I recommend the high-speed train to you.That's because it has been the most convenient means of transportation in recent years.
我向你推荐高铁。因为这是近年来最方便的交通方式。
③Many experts recommend that people (should) set strict limits on their time for Internet use.
许多专家建议人们严格限制自己的上网时间。
归纳点拨 recommend sth.to sb.＝recommend sb.sth.　　向某人推荐某物
recommend sb.as ... 推荐某人为……
recommend doing ... 建议做……
recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事
recommend that ...(should) do ...建议……做……
名师点津 recommend 后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”形式。
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/句型转换)
④I recommend this book anyone with an interest in art.
⑤I do recommend (give) it a try.After all, it was an opportunity not to be missed.
⑥We strongly recommend students to wear surgical masks whenever going out in public.
→ students should wear surgical masks whenever going out in public.(用含有形式主语的主语从句)
to
giving
It is strongly recommended that
2．Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials ...
老师尤其能对有趣的阅读材料提供建议……
★particular adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Our government attaches great importance to all aspects of development, education in particular.
我们的政府非常重视各方面的发展，尤其是教育。
②She's very particular about her clothes.
她对衣着特别挑剔。
[归纳点拨]
(1)in particular　　　　 尤其，特别
be particular about 对……讲究/挑剔
(2)particularly 尤其；特别(＝in particular)
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③When you attend your friend's dinner party in China, you'd better behave properly, (particular) paying attention to minding your table manners.
④She has already tried her best.Please don't be too particular her job.
particularly
about
(2)一句多译
　这种食物营养丰富，特别是含有大量维生素。
⑤This kind of food is rich in nutrition, and it contains a lot of vitamins.
⑥This kind of food is rich in nutrition, and it contains a lot of vitamins.
in particular
particularly
3．The book's main character is Scrooge, a rich but mean old man.
这本书的主人公是斯克鲁奇，一个富有却吝啬的老人。
★mean adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 v．打算；意味着
[用法感知]　
①Don't be so mean to her. After all, she is only a newcomer.
不要对她这么苛刻，毕竟，她只是个新手。
②Cooperation means working together for the benefit of all.
合作意味着为了所有人的利益而共同努力。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be mean with sth.　　　 在……方面吝啬
be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄
(2)mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着……
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空)
③Missing the bus means (wait) for another hour.
④I don't think people should make promises they don't mean (keep)．
⑤Don't be mean fabric, otherwise curtains will end up looking skimpy.
waiting
to keep
with
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共43张PPT)
Integrated skills—语用·融会语言技能
课时目标
1.能区别不同类型的文学作品及其特点。
2.能分析各类文学作品的受欢迎程度并探索其原因。
3.能就为图书馆推荐哪类图书表达自己的观点。
4.完成一封推荐信，为图书馆推荐应购买的图书。
一、背重点词汇
1． n．　　　　　　 章节；篇章
2． n. 舞台；阶段；步骤
vt. 上演，举办
3． n．诗集，诗歌→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗
4． n．传记，传记作品→ n．自传
5． 知道；了解
chapter
stage
poetry
biography
autobiography
know about
6． 增加到……上去
7． 受欢迎；变得流行
8． 超过，多于
9． 既然
10． ……的类型
be added to ...
become popular
more than
now that
the type of ...
二、背经典句式
1.
悟原句 When writing a formal letter to recommend books, you can follow the structure below.(时间状语从句的省略)当写一封正式信件来推荐图书时，你可以遵循下面的结构。
写佳句 (2022·全国乙卷)What's more, 12% of the students choose to visit English-learning websites .
此外，12%的学生在提高英语技能时选择访问英语学习网站。
when enhancing English skills
2.
悟原句 Explain what types of books you want to recommend and the reasons.(what引导宾语从句)
解释一下你想推荐什么类型的书以及理由。
写佳句 (2022·全国甲卷)First of all, to make a difference.
首先，尽我们所能改变现状。
do what we can
A story written for performance on the stage
为在舞台上表演而写的故事
★stage n．舞台；阶段；步骤 vt.上演，举办
[用法感知]
①If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.
如果你站在舞台上，分享自己对世界的看法，人们会与你产生共鸣的。
②This meeting will set the stage for the school sports meeting.
这次会议将为校运会做好准备。
③The local theatre group is staging a production of Hamlet.
当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。
[归纳点拨]
on stage 　　　　　 在舞台上
set the stage for 为……做准备，使……成为可能
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④The audience immediately livened up when the famous actor appeared the stage.
⑤We must study hard to our future job hunting.
我们必须努力学习为未来找工作打好基础。
⑥The band are hoping to in England before the end of the year.
那个乐队希望年底之前在英国举办一场演出。
on
set the stage for
stage a show
★过去分词短语作定语
[归纳点拨]
①Many students selected from every class took part in the cross-country running race.
从各个班级选出的许多学生参加了这次越野赛。
本句中written for performance为过去分词短语作定语，修饰 a story。过去分词(短语)作定语与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作已经完成或表示被动。
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/句型转换)
②Our teacher asked us to use the words (give) to make up sentences.
③We had to walk on a path (make) by a line of bricks.
④The festival originates from a famous historical person (call) Qu Yuan.
⑤Tsinghua University, which was founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
→Tsinghua University, ,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
given
made
called
founded in 1911
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1　过词块(英汉互译)
1．被添加到我们的图书馆　 ____________________
2．重要历史人物 ________________________
3．诗集 _________________
4．表演戏剧 _____________
5．短篇小说集 ___________________
be added to our library
important historical figures
poetry collections
perform plays
short story collections
6．modern novels _________
7．classic novels _________
8．historical novels _________
9．science fiction novels _________
10．enjoy the greatest popularity　 _________
现代小说
经典小说
历史小说
科幻小说
最受欢迎
Step 2　过句式(完成句子)
1． that the library plans to add 200 new books next month.
我很高兴地告诉你们，图书馆计划下个月增加200本新书。
2．There are about 60 historical novels and .
大约有60部历史小说和两倍的科幻小说。
3． what books the library added last year and how popular they are, please send me a letter by this Friday____________________________
we should buy.
既然你们知道图书馆去年增加了什么书，它们有多受欢迎，请在这个星期五之前给我写信，推荐我们应该购买的图书种类。
I'm very pleased to tell you
twice as many science fiction novels
Now that you know
to recommend the types of books
Step 3　过关键信息[判断正(T)误(F)]
1．More than 200 new books will be added to the library. (　　)
2．There're 30 new autobiographies and biographies related to historical figures in the library. (　　)
3．Plays are popular especially when students need to perform plays for activities. (　　)
4．100 modern novels were added to the library in the past year. (　　)
5．There have been 30 science fiction novels in the library. (　　)
答案：1～5　FFTTF
Step 4　过文意理解(听力填空)
The library's new books
Books to be added ① new books will be added next month
Books addedin the past year ② autobiographies and biographies
20 ③ collections
20 plays
④ short story collections
100 ⑤ novels and ⑥ classic novels
More than 50 adventure stories and nearly 70
⑦ ________
About ⑧ historical novels and around 120 science fiction novels
200
30
poetry
30
modern
200
romances
60
训练为重——能力提升多听说
Ⅰ.基础听力
听下面5段材料，回答第1至5题。
1．What does the woman want to do
A．Lend the book to Bob.
B．Lend the book to Fred.
C．Borrow the book from Bob.
2．What subject does the woman think is less difficult
A．History. B．Mathematics.　 C．Literature.
3．What does the woman hope the lecture to deal with
A．Classical Chinese Literature.
B．Classic European Architecture.
C．Modern Western Arts.
4．Why didn't Jack get the book
A．He was too busy to go to the library.
B．There wasn't such a book in the library.
C．He didn't want to borrow the book.
5．What does the woman mean
A．She's learned a lot from the literature class.
B．She's written some books about world classics.
C．She's met some of the world's best writers.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man think of literature
A．It's helpful.
B．It's hard.
C．It's interesting.
7．What subject does the woman like most
A．Art history. B．Photography.　 C．Geography.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Student and teacher.
B．Saleswoman and customer.
C．Librarian and library user.
9．Which of the following does the man remember
A．The title of the book.
B．The writer of the book.
C．The category of the book.
10．What kind of books may the man be interested in
A．Biography.　 B．Fiction.　　 C．Literature.
答案：1～5　BCAAA　6～10　BCCCA
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: Hi, Bob! ①Will you be seeing Fred tomorrow
M: Yes, probably.Why
W: He said he needed this book for the coming test.①Could you help me give it to him
(Text 2)
M: According to the report，about 90 percent of the students did quite well in history, but only 70 percent in literature.
W: ②Well，I still think that history is a little more complicated than literature.
(Text 3)
M: What do you expect the lecture to center on this time Modern Western Arts or Classic European Architecture
W: ③I'd like to obtain a knowledge of Classical Chinese Literature.
M: So be it. I'll try to suit your preference.
(Text 4)
W: Jack, have you got the book I asked you to borrow the other day
M: Sorry, I haven't.
W: How come
M: ④I couldn't find time to go to the library.
(Text 5)
M: You really seem to enjoy your literature class.
W: You're right.It has opened a new world for me.⑤I'm exposed to the thoughts of some of the world's best writers. I've never read so much in my life.
(Text 6)
M: Hi, Maria! How is the course going ⑥I think literature is really difficult.
W: So do I! But, right now, I'm trying to do my art history tasks.Actually, I regret choosing it.I should have chosen photography like you.
M: Yes.It is interesting.To be honest, ⑦I'm finding geography a bit of a problem.
W: ⑦Oh, I prefer it to anything else.A million times better than literature.If you want, I can help you.
(Text 7)
M: ⑧Could you please help me to check out the book
W: Sure, what's the author's name, please
M: I can't remember that clearly.It's probably Charles ...
W: Charles Dickens
M: No, no, no.⑩I'm not interested in literature.
W: OK. Do you know the title of the book
M: Oh, sorry.I'm always absent-minded.I remember that I've put a note in my pocket.
W: So, show me the note please.
M: I can't find it now.
W: Oh, such bad luck, sir.⑨Can you please name the category of the book
M: Let me see.⑨⑩It's not fiction.It's biography.
W: OK, I'll search it for you.A moment, please.
M: Thanks.
?加练新题型
听力填空(再听第7段材料，补全下面语段。)
The man wants to 1. a book, but he can't remember the 2. _________ name or the title of the book.He remembers putting a 3. in his pocket but can't find it.What he only knows is the 4. of the book.It's not fiction but 5. .
check out
author's
note
category
biography
Ⅱ.根据提示补全对话
Steve: Would you please tell us which books are suitable for high school students
Garen: Of course.1. (我建议读科幻小说), such as The Three-body Problem.
Steve: Yes.These are very popular novels.But if you ask me, 2.__________________
___________________(我会选择历险故事). The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain are my favorites.These adventure stories never fail to stir the blood.
I'd recommend/suggest reading some science fiction novels
I'd pick/choose/go
for adventure stories
Garen: I agree with you.The TV plays and films adapted from adventure stories caught the imagination of many a young viewer.3._____________________
__________________________________________________________(我认为观看这种电影会比读原著故事更高效), for example, the Harry Potter films.
Steve: I don't think so.4. (我认为读原著会更好), because the film adaptations are not completely faithful to the original books.
I believe watching this
kind of films would be more effective than reading original stories
I think reading original books would be better
写作项目——Write a formal letter to recommend books
本单元的写作任务是写一封推荐信，给校图书馆推荐新书。推荐信是介绍或说明被推荐的人或物的正式信件，信中提出自己的看法和观点，并配以具有说服力的信息，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张。
学常规写作范式
(一)提炼写作范式
(二)点拨写作要点
1．推荐信要给出写信的目的、推荐的内容、提出推荐的理由，而且提出的理由要合情合理，语气一定要得当，既要委婉、礼貌，又要有说服力。
2．对所推荐的对象进行分析时应注意使用衔接词，使表达更有条理性和说服力。
3．最后对自己作出的推荐简单作一下总结并表达愿望。必要时可写上祝愿的话。此部分一定要简洁。
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．recommend v．　　　　　　 推荐
2．benefit v. 对……有益
3．reference n. 参考
4．introduce ... to 把……介绍给
5．be of great help 有很大的帮助
6．be published by 由……出版
7．be of particular importance 很重要
8．be advantageous to 对……有利
9．have a particular interest in 对……有特别的兴趣
(二)背写作佳句
1．常用开头句
(1)A Dream in Red Mansions is the best novel I would like to recommend to you.
《红楼梦》是我想向你推荐的最优秀的小说。
(2)The novel I'd like to recommend to you is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the most influential novels in China.
我想向你推荐的小说是《三国演义》，中国最有影响力的小说之一。
(3)I have much pleasure in recommending The Book of Songs to you, which is the earliest general collection of ancient Chinese poems.
我很高兴向你推荐《诗经》，中国古代最早的诗歌总集。
2．常用中间句
(1)We are always finding new beauties in Shakespeare's poetry.
我们总能在莎士比亚的诗歌中发现新的美妙之处。
(2)This is a novel by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719.
这是一部英国作家丹尼尔·笛福于1719年出版的小说。
(3)The novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
这部小说生动地反映了当时的社会。
(4)When we read this fiction, we learn to be confident and are willing to help others.
当我们读这本小说时，我们学会了自信并乐于帮助他人。
3．常用结束句
(1)The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been considered as one of the greatest works in American literature.
《 哈克贝利·费恩历险记》一直被认为是美国文学史上最伟大的作品之一。
(2)I'd be grateful if you could consider my opinion.
如果你能考虑我的意见，我将感激不尽。
写作专项提能训练
Ⅰ.基础写作
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Dear Jack，
Hearing that our school is scheduled to buy some new books, I feel the urge to voice my opinion about 1. (哪种书最受学生欢迎)．
what kind of books appeal to students most
First come popular science books.Such books tend to touch on science or scientific applications in a plain language, 2._________________________________ ___________(能够激发学生对科学的热情) and thus help boost our career development in the future.Besides, we'd appreciate it if you could 3._____________________________ (书单上包括一些名著)．Classics, examples of great writing and wisdom, are so well written that they still 4. _______________________(在文学上有一席之地) and deserve reading.Having stood the test of time, such books can 5. ___________________________________ ___________(开阔我们的视野，带给我们阅读的乐趣)．Just as Bacon put it, “Reading makes a full man.”
I'd be grateful if you could consider my suggestions.
Yours，
Li Hua
which can arouse students' enthusiasm
include some classics in your list
for science
have a place in literature
broaden our horizons and give us the joy
of reading
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The importance of reading is obvious.If you're not a big fan of books, that's OK! You're not alone! But before you shut down books and reading all together, take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits that come with it.
Reading can help improve your vocabulary.It increases exposure with new words and makes it easier for words to stay.Saying new words out loud helps you better recall them and pick them up, making these new words part of your own active vocabulary.
Reading allows for creative thinking.If you were an explorer, you would learn about the world through direct experience.Sadly, you can't all take to the high road and disappear into the sunset.But you can discover new worlds through reading books.Reading a book uses the imagination and this in turn develops your creativity, which allows you to dream and think in ways that you would have never been able to before.
Reading brings joy and happiness to your life.You don't read because you don't have to.You read because you have fun doing it, a reminder that books are meant to be enjoyed.Reading brings you joyous experience, whether you are opening a new book or rereading an old favorite.It's easy to get lost in a world with interesting characters, tense situations, and beautiful settings.
It's safe to say that reading can change your life for the better.If you think that you hate reading books, then perhaps you just have yet to find the type for your own personal style — but keep trying, and keep searching for what's right for you.Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, offering you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
参考范文：
We should take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits that come with it.(要点1) Not only can reading help improve our vocabulary, but also reading allows for creative thinking.(要点2) Besides, reading brings joy and happiness to our life.(要点3) In short, reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, offering us new chances to learn, grow and be inspired! (要点4)
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共46张PPT)
Project & Assessment & Further study—实践·注重应用评价
对接“单元活动”——让活动有效开展　
本课时要求学生就中外经典文学或现代文学作家进行集体探讨，然后以小组为单位，就某一作家的生平、成就等方面搜集相关素材，并制作一张英语海报，介绍这位作家。　
[活动“助手”]
　介绍某一作家的常用句型及佳句：
1．Red Sorghum is written by Mo Yan, the first Chinese writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
《红高粱》是由莫言创作的，他是第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。
2．After graduation, he devoted himself to writing novels, short stories and poems.
毕业后，他致力于写小说、短篇故事和诗歌。
3．As we all know, William Shakespeare is one of the greatest poets and playwrights all over the world.
众所周知，威廉·莎士比亚是全世界最伟大的诗人和剧作家之一。
4．The writer drew heavily upon her personal experience to create works which have influenced other writers ever since.
这位作家在很大程度上是以她的亲身经历作为素材创作作品的，这些作品自那以来一直影响着其他作家。
5．He made great achievements in the field of literature creation.
他在文学创作领域取得了巨大的成就。
[活动任务]
请根据下面表格的内容，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍著名作家安徒生(Andersen)，尽量使用到[活动“助手”]中的表达。
简介 1.生于1805年，卒于1875年。
2．出生于一个贫苦家庭，11岁丧父并辍学；几年后在一些热心人的帮助下重返学校。
3．毕业后投身于文学创作，坚持写小说、短篇故事、诗歌等。
成就 一生致力于文学创作，并取得了巨大的成就，共创作了160多篇童话故事。
参考范文：
Andersen was born in a poor family in 1805 and died in 1875. When he was eleven years old, he had to drop out of school because of his father's death.Several years later, he had a chance to return to school with the help of some kind people.After graduation, he devoted himself to writing novels, short stories and poems and made great achievements in the field of literature creation.
His poor life gave him all kinds of experiences which contributed to his writing. Nowadays Andersen is remembered as a famous writer who wrote more than 160 fairy tales.
评价“学习能力”——聚焦5种语言技能　
Ⅰ. ——主题听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What do the speakers think of the classic literature class
A．Difficult.　　 B．Easy.　　　C．Interesting.
2．What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Lend a book to her.
B．Return a book for her.
C．Go to the library with her.
3．What did the woman do just after high school
A．She played in a band.
B．She started a new company.
C．She worked as a saleswoman.
4．How much will the woman lend the man
A．6 dollars. B．7 dollars. C．4 dollars.
5．What does the man mean
A．He didn't get the book he needed.
B．He had no idea where the book was.
C．The library is closed on weekends.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What do we know about the speakers
A．They are family.
B．They are strangers.
C．They are colleagues.
7．How should Jane help her roommate
A．By hanging out together.
B．By lending her books.
C．By talking to her often.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What will the two speakers have in a Chinese restaurant
A．Breakfast. B．Brunch. 　　 C．Lunch.
9．What is the weather like
A．Cold. B．Cool. 　　 C．Warm.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the woman
A．A librarian. B．A saleswoman. 　　C．A writer.
11．Why does the man look for information
A．To prepare for a test.
B．To prepare for a debate.
C．To prepare for a presentation.
12．Where does the man can find the book
A．On LITERATURE cupboard.
B．On REFERENCE cupboard.
C．On SCIENCE cupboard.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Why are the two speakers upset
A．It may snow during their vacation.
B．They may not be able to take their vacation.
C．They may fail to join the graduation ceremony.
14．What can we learn about their vacation
A．They are going skiing.
B．Their flight has been canceled.
C．They have made bookings for their plane.
15．What made them miss so many classes
A．The bad winter.
B．An earthquake.
C．A terrible flu.
16．What are they going to do right now
A．Call the travel agency.
B．Talk to Professor Hampton.
C．Speak to all of the other people.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What did the speaker enjoy at schools
A．Chinese history.
B．English literature.
C．English history.
18．What does the speaker do probably
A．A TV hostess. B．An actress. 　 C．A singer.
19．What happened to the speaker after she was called“ignorant”？
A．She got motivated.
B．She lost confidence.
C．She became indifferent.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about
A．Her love for stage.
B．Her reason for learning Chinese.
C．Her effort to spread Chinese culture.
答案：1～5　ABACA　6～10　ACBCA
11～15　CBBCA　16～20　BBCAB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: ①It seems that we are going to have a hard time in our classic literature class next semester.
M: I'll say.The reading list is a mile long.
(Text 2)
W: Benny, are you going to the library this afternoon
M: I am planning to.Do you need me to do something for you
W: ②Would you please return this book for me
(Text 3)
M: What did you do after high school
W: ③I played in a band for a while.We played for dances around the country.
M: Then what did you do after that
W: I started a recording company.Now I make music and money.
(Text 4)
M: ④This pen costs 11 dollars, but I've only got 7 dollars.
W: I've got 6 dollars, so I'll lend you the rest.
(Text 5)
W: Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library
M: ⑤It closed before I got there.I had no idea it closed so early on weekends.
(Text 6)
M: How do you like your new roommate, Jane
W: She's nice, but she's very quiet.
M: Oh, is it because she's just starting to learn English
W: Yeah, I guess so.
M: Well, no wonder she is quiet. You should be helping her. When I studied in France, my housemates were very helpful. They talked to me a lot. And it helped me learn the language.
W: ⑦Yeah. I guess I should talk to her more. ⑥Thank you for the advice, Dad.
(Text 7)
W: What time is it now
M: Let me look at my watch.Oh, it's 9: 30 a．m. already.
W: Though today is Saturday, it's time for us to get up, or we'll have a really late breakfast.
M: ⑧We can have brunch in a Chinese restaurant for a change.
W: What is brunch
M: It's a meal between breakfast and lunch.Many people prefer brunch on Saturdays.
W: All e on！You don't have to wear that much.⑨It's warm today, much warmer than yesterday.
M: How do you know
W: I listened to the weather forecast on TV last night.
(Text 8)
M: Good afternoon, Madam!
W: Good afternoon, Praveen！What can I do for you
M: I need to get some information on animal cells.
W: What is it for, Praveen
M: I have to make a presentation of animal cells next week.
W: That's fine.
M: Could you tell me where I can get it, Madam
W: Look at that last cupboard.It's marked REFERENCE.
(Text 9)
M: Cindy！Have you heard the news
W: No, Steve.What do you mean
M: You know all the classes we've missed because of the snow？ We're going to have to make them up and it will have to be during the spring break.
W: Oh, no！We have our vacation all set！What are we going to do？Do the others know that
M: I don't know, but I certainly can't afford to miss five days of classes this term.
W: But I really don't want to cancel our trip. All of us have already booked our plane tickets!
M: I can try to call the travel agency；maybe they can return our money.But before we do anything we need to speak with our professors.
W: You think they'll excuse us from class
M: I don't know, but I think we're going to have to speak to all of them anyway.
W: Why didn't they add extra days at the end of the term before summer classes
M: Because of the graduation date, which can't be changed!
W: Are other colleges around here doing the same thing
M: I would imagine so! It has been such a bad winter and we've missed too many classes.We really need to make them up.
W: I know, I know.I was just really looking forward to this vacation.The idea of the sun and the beach!
M: Oh, look! There's Professor Hampton.
W: Come on, let's go and talk to him.
(Text 10)
W: When I was young enough to understand speech, my mom would read me bedtime stories in English, and I was a keen reader of English children's books from a very young age.
At schools, I particularly enjoyed English literature lessons, where I studied Shakespeare and Chaucer.Unfortunately, at that time, I did not find Chinese lessons relevant or interesting.
Then I started my singing career in China.In the beginning, it was a hard process.At times, I almost wished I could run back to Singapore, where I can communicate in a manner I am fully comfortable in.Those days, I experienced great disappointment.
The turning point for me to decide to learn Chinese well was from an awkward moment I had in a TV show — I was called “ignorant” by the host because I misunderstood his words.
I knew then that I could not allow myself to be called a “dumb singer”. I need to make an effort to translate my exact opinions from English to Chinese and then present them to the world.I had to do something about my Chinese.
Now that my Chinese is better, I am starting to be more interested in Chinese culture and history. When my Chinese friends and colleagues discuss current affairs or a certain historical event, I want to be able to give my two cents.I want to understand why China is what it is today.
Ⅱ. ——补全对话
根据语境和汉语提示补全对话。
(Steve is interviewing the famous biographer Garen Thomas.)
Steve: Thomas, as a famous writer, 1. (请你告诉我们) something about yourself and your new books
Garen: Of course.
Steve: Where were you born
Garen: I 2. (出生于) Chicago, but I spent most of my childhood in New York.
Steve: Where did you go to university
would you please tell us
was born in
Garen: I 3. (从……毕业) Yale University with a degree in English Literature.
Steve: How did you start writing
Garen: I like writing from young, but 4. (对我来说不容易) to enter this occupation.You know, I once worked in companies.I started writing for magazines and eventually was asked to write books, so I was pretty lucky.
Steve: When did you begin to write the book about the former president Obama
Garen: From the beginning of 2008, 5. (花了我六个月的时间去准备) for it, interviewing and finding information about him. Obama told me many stories about his life and family.
Steve: Sounds interesting.
graduated from
it is not easy for me
it took me 6 months to prepare
Ⅲ. ——看图表达
1．What are the pictures above about
The pictures above are about a book which is titled The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, a famous novel by a well-known American writer Mark Twain.
2．Can you say something about the book according to your experience？(Answers may vary.)
Published in 1876, the novel has been popular up to more than a century and influenced generation after generation.The work is very interesting, including many funny stories about a naughty but smart boy — Tom Sawyer.It describes a series of adventures that Tom Sawyer and his friends have experienced.The humorous style makes the work popular around the world.If you take an interest in the work, you can find it in the library.
Ⅳ. ——阅读理解
I like reading physical books, because they are like my companions and are meaningful to me.I like reading e-readers, because they are very convenient for me to take them anywhere.
The day I heard that Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken.The bookstore, which was a landmark in the neighbourhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and read books.
When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were already packed into boxes.I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner.Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run his bookstore.Most young people preferred reading e-books on tablets and more customers were attracted by low price of online stores.I tried to think of some words to comfort him, but I knew Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
A few months later, I was back in the neighbourhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the bookstore was still there and opened for business.Its old brick walls hadn't been decorated, but inside it was like a different world.
I was told that the community had decided to work together on a program to save Rainbow Bookstore.The program was led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman who had grown up in the neighbourhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together.It had a café selling food and there were now more community events such as book readings, poetry recitings and even jazz concerts and movie nights, where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded online.
I also met old Casey, who was looking up at readers' comments that kept popping up on the screen.“I remember readers' comments used to appear on a big board here.” I pointed at the corner.Casey smiled, “Well, as you can see, business knowledge combined with creativity has brought my old bookstore into the 21st century! I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted to offer to the community is still here.”
Questions：
1．Why did Rainbow Bookstore face closedown
A．It had a long history.
B．People no longer loved reading.
C．It was affected by e-books and online stores.
D．There were fewer residents in the neighbourhood.
答案：C
2．How did the author feel about the news that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing
3．What made it difficult to run the bookstore
4．What activities can people enjoy in the new bookstore
Most young people preferred reading e-books on tablets and more customers were attracted by low price of online stores.
He felt heartbroken.
Book readings, poetry recitings, jazz concerts and movie nights
5．What does the underlined phrase “popping up” mean
A．Flashing up.　　　 B．Looking up.
C．Putting down. D．Handing in.
答案：A
Ⅴ. ——概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Harriet Beecher Stowe had poured her heart into her anti-slavery book Uncle Tom's Cabin.But neither she nor her first publisher thought it would be a big success.The publisher was so doubtful that he wanted her to split the publishing costs with him, and all she hoped was that it would make enough money for her to buy a new silk dress.
But when the first 5,000 copies were printed in 1852, they sold out in two days.In a year the book had sold 300,000 copies in the United States and 150,000 in England.For a while it outsold every book in the world, except the Bible.
Within six months of its release, a play was made from the book which ran 350 performances in New York and remained America's most popular play for 80 years.
It might appear that Uncle Tom's Cabin was universally popular, but this was certainly not true.
Many people during those pre-Civil War days — particularly defenders of the slavery system — condemned it as false propaganda and poorly written melodrama (情节剧)．
Harriet did have strong religious views against slavery, and she tried to convince people slavery was wrong, so perhaps the book could be considered propaganda.But if so, it was true propaganda, because it accurately described the evils of slavery.
Though she was born in Connecticut, 1832, as a young woman she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, when her father accepted the presidency of newly founded Lane Theological Seminary (神学院). Ohio was a free state, but just across the Ohio River in Kentucky, Harriet saw slavery in action.She lived 18 years in Cincinnati, marrying Calvin Stowe, professor of a college.In 1851, Harriet Beecher Stowe began her book.
Its vast influence strengthened the anti-slavery movement and angered defenders of the slave system.Today some historians think that it helped bring on the American Civil War.In fact, when Abraham Lincoln met Harriet at the White House during the Civil War, he said, “So, this is the little lady who started this big war.”
参考范文：
The passage tells us how Harriet, a young woman, wrote her famous anti-slavery book Uncle Tom's Cabin.(要点1)Nobody knew whether it would sell well before its publication, but the book proved to be successful.(要点2)Without doubt the book, which described the evils of slavery, produced a great influence on the anti-slavery movement and received great public attention.(要点3)
“UNIT 4 单元验收评价(一) — (二)”
(单击进入电子文档)(共94张PPT)
Reading—读思·发展思维品质
课时目标
1. 略读文章，找到文本中描述的文学的三大特点。
2．学会运用事例支持论点。
3. 掌握文本中使用的衔接手段，并能赏析文中使用的一些优美句子。
4．理解阅读优秀文学作品在日常生活中的意义。
5. 根据文章中提到的优秀文学作品的三大特点来评价自己喜爱的作品。
一、背阅读单词——会认就行
1．earnest adj.　　　　 非常认真的；诚实的，真诚的
2．butterfly n. 蝴蝶
3．shell n. 贝壳；壳
4．sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
5．soul n. 灵魂；心性，内心
6．permanence n. 永久，持久性
7．element n. 要素，基本部分
8．novel n. (长篇)小说
9．upper adj. 上部的；上面的
10．gap n. 差距；间隙
11．context n. (事情发生的)背景，环境，来龙去脉；
上下文，语境
12．specific adj. 特定的；明确的，具体的
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1． vt.& vi. 唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来
2． vt. 使(船)下水；开始从事，发动
3． vt. 包含，含有，容纳
4． n. 总结，概括，概要
5． n. 特色，特征
vt. 以……为特色，是……的特征
awaken
launch
contain
summary
feature
6． n. 作者，作家
7． adv. 因此，所以
8． n. 重要议题，争论的问题；
问题，担忧；(报刊)一期
vt. 宣布，公布
author
therefore
issue
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1． vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚
2． n．文学，文学作品→literary adj.文学的
3． vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁→appealing adj.有感染力的；有吸引力的
4． vt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的；果断的→determination n．决心；果断；决定
devote
literature
appeal
determine
5． adj.有重要意义的，显著的→significance n．意义；重要性
6． n．描述，形容，说明→describe vt.描述；形容；把……称为
7． vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思→reflection n．反映；显示；表达
8． adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的→incapable adj.没有能力→capability n．能力；才能
9． adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→universe n．宇宙；世界→universally adv.普遍地
significant
description
reflect
capable
universal
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1． 　　　　　　 惊奇地
2． 一系列，各种
3． 即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)
4． 努力去做
5． 总之
with wonder
a range of
in store (for sb.)
make an effort to do
in a word
6． 　 使某人注意……
7． 在……面前；有……在场
8． 具有；呈现；承担
9． 总的来说
10． 凭借，利用
11． 致力，专心，献身
bring ... to one's attention
in the presence of
take on
in summary
draw on
devote oneself to
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.(be doing ... when ...)
孩子和男人正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。
写佳句 (2020·浙江1月高考读后续写)The boy Poppy to give her a big hug suddenly he noticed another little dog beside Poppy.
这个男孩正朝Poppy跑去，要给它一个大大的拥抱，这时他突然注意到Poppy旁边的另一只小狗。
was rushing toward
when
2.
悟原句 What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.(what引导主语从句)
让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
写佳句 (2022·全国乙卷) is to study English by listening to English songs.
65%的学生更喜欢通过听英文歌曲来学习英语。
What 65% of the students prefer to do
第一遍　泛读通文意　
The wonder of literature
A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.Suddenly he heard strange, low, musical sounds.These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder. Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love literature, and make an effort to explain it. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message. In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.To achieve this, it should contain two elements：universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature — love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope.It also takes on a personal style — no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
(Adapted from William J．Long's English Literature: Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World)
[参考译文]
文学的奇妙之处
孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。突然，他听到了奇怪、低沉、悦耳的声音。这声音仿佛来自另一个世界，孩子听后十分惊奇。随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对于人的耳朵来说过于微弱的声音而已。让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
[句式释解]
句 　be doing ... when ...“正在做……这时(突然)……”，when为并列连词。
句 　explained后的that引导第一个宾语从句，that可以省略；and后的that引导第二个宾语从句，that不可以省略。
句 　what引导主语从句；not ...but ...“不是……而是……”。　　　　
当我们开始学习文学的时候，我们也会有如此这般的体验。让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入这个新世界，并享受其中的乐趣，我们需要热爱文学，并尽力去解读它。每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。如果要了解一本书所传递的全部信息，我们就必须了解所有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
[句式释解]
句 　when 引导时间状语从句。
句 　To enter and enjoy ...为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
句 　behind 置于句首，句子用完全倒装。
句 　if 引导条件状语从句；is to speak 是将来时be to do 的用法，表示按计划将要发生的事。
句 　where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a point。　　　　
文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。一百个人走过一片田野，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而诗人驻足，看得更深，他看到了真与美，遂写下：“昨日之花即是我。”读了这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。
第二遍　精读提素养　
步骤一|先明文章主旨大意，知写了什么　
What's the main idea of the text
The text is mainly about .
步骤二|再逐段精读文章，看怎样写的　
阅读文章第一段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What's the purpose of the story of the man and the child
the qualities of literature
To introduce the topic of the text.
(2)What does the word “them” (in line 5) refer to
A．The sounds from a new world.
B．The sounds that seemed to be from another world.
C．The musical sounds from the shell.
D．The strange sounds from the shell.
答案：B
2．表达的技巧
(1)第5行中的 with wonder 用得恰到好处，该短语准确地表达了孩子听到奇妙的声音时的惊奇之情。with wonder 意为“惊奇地；惊讶地”。试完成下面的句子：
The little boy stared at me .
小男孩惊讶地盯着我看。
(2)第9行中使用了短语not ... but ...“不是……而是……”，着重指出真正使孩子感到惊讶的事物。注意“not ... but ...”连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数与最靠近的主语保持一致。试用be动词的正确形式填空：
①Not you but your brother to blame.
②Not your brother but you to blame.
with wonder
is
are
阅读文章第二段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)What should we do to enter and enjoy the new world
A．Determine literature's qualities.
B．Love literature and try to make an explanation of it.
C．Study literature and enjoy little songs or great books.
D．Understand the human race and the natural and social environments.
答案：B
(2)What's the first step to enjoy and understand literature
The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第14～15行中的名词短语 a world of dreams and magic 作同位语，对前面的名词短语 a new world 做进一步的解释说明。在写作中恰当使用名词(短语)作同位语是一大增分亮点。试完成下面的句子：
Zhong Nanshan， ，has become a household name in the battle against COVID -19.
钟南山，一位著名的专家，在抗击新冠肺炎中成为家喻户晓的名字。
a famous expert
我很幸福，因为父母给予我生命，老师给予我知识，朋友给予我友情，社会给予我温暖。
(2)第17～19行的“Behind ... environments.”使用了排比句，为文章增色不少。其中使用了特殊句式——完全倒装，也是写作中的一大亮点。behind 为表示方位的介词，位于句首时，句子要用完全倒装，即将谓语置于主语之前。试翻译/完成下面的句子：
①I am very happy because my parents give me life, my teachers give me knowledge, my friends give me friendship, and society gives me warmth.
______________________________________________________________________
__________
②Behind the door .
门后站着一个小男孩。
stands a little boy
阅读文章第三至六段，完成下列题目
1．文意的理解
(1)How many qualities of literature are mentioned
A．Two.　 B．Three.　　
C．Four.　　 D．Five.
答案：B
(2)The purpose of the example of a poet in Paragraph 3 is to tell us .
A．only who can see flowers can write the poem
B．the poet is good at writing poems
C．the poet can see the beauty of the flowers
D．some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention
答案：D
(3)What's the second quality of literature
(4)How can literature achieve the third quality
(5)What's the purpose of the last paragraph
Its appeal/attraction to our feelings and imagination.
It should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.
To make a summary of what literature is.
2．表达的技巧
(1)第31行中使用了连词but，准确地表达了前后两句话的对比关系，并强调了后者。试用and/but/instead完成下面语段：
Lily failed in the College Entrance Examination, ① she didn't give up hope.② ,she went to a big city to work in a restaurant ③ she decided to start her own business in the future.
(2)第37行中使用了more ... than ...这一短语来表达文学作品的魅力所在。 more A than B意为“与其说B倒不如说A”。试完成下面的句子：
Hearing the great news, the boy was .
听到这个好消息，与其说男孩高兴倒不如说他感到惊讶。
but
Instead
and
more surprised than delighted
(3)第三至六段分别使用了 the first ..., the second ..., the third ...以及 in summary 等表示顺序的过渡衔接词语，使文章表述条理清晰，衔接有序。在英语写作中，表示顺序的过渡衔接词语还有：firstly, first of all, secondly, what's more, besides, last but not least, all in all 等。试用besides/all in all/first of all/last but not least完成下面短文：
Dear Editor，
I am Li Hua, a high school student.Nowadays, with the development of our society, more and more cultural relics are facing the danger of disappearing.So we must attach importance to the problem and try our best to protect them.
① ,cultural relics represent our historic cultures, which offer us a great opportunity to learn about what happened in the past.② ,they are the roots of a city or a place.They can help us make our traditional cultures handed down from generation to generation.③ ,most of them have existed for a long time and they are usually very rare and valuable.
④ ,with the Cultural and Natural Heritage Day coming, we shouldn't hesitate to call on people to take action to save our treasures.I hope more and more people will be concerned about the protection of our cultural relics.
Sincerely，
Li Hua
First of all
Besides
Last but not least
All in all
步骤三|读后理层次结构，析有何逻辑　
本文是一篇议论文，通过摆事实、讲道理的方法来阐述观点，表明立场。作者用富有逻辑性的句子展现出鲜明的主题，并呈现了清晰的框架结构：第一段为导入段，用一则小故事以类比的方式引入本文主题；第二段正式进入主题——介绍阅读文学名著的重要意义，并提醒读者如果想要欣赏文学作品，首先要了解优秀文学作品的特点；第三至五段分别展现了优秀文学作品的三大特点，其中举例子、做比较、引用说明等写作技巧的运用，使相对抽象、复杂的概念变得通俗易懂，也使论证更具说服力；第六段为总结段，概括了文学作品的本质。
阅读技巧：本文使用了大量衔接词，如in a word, first, second, third, in summary等，读文章时根据这些词汇和短语可以迅速定位关键信息，把握文章架构。
步骤四|最后知选文意图，思有何价值　
阅读经典，陶冶情操
本文最后一段提到“In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.”，文学经典以其深刻的语言和厚重的内容凝聚着前人对宇宙、社会、人生的情感体验和深度思考，是超越时空的文化精髓。阅读文学经典不仅是陶冶情操、丰富情感、形成健全人格的途径，更是传承古老的中华文明的必然选择。
阅读下列句子，进一步体会这一内涵：
1．A literature book always reflects a country's history, so people can know about the country's culture in a certain time.
一本文学书籍总是能反映一个国家的历史，因此人们就能了解这个国家在一个特定时期的文化。
2．The stories told in the works can act as mirrors and help you adjust your own behaviors.
作品中的故事可以作为镜子，帮助你调整自己的行为。
第一板块　单词和短语——点点清
1．My meaning simply is that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely.
我的意思就是无论做什么，我都奉献了我的全部。
★devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身
[用法感知]
①If I am chosen, I will devote myself to being a qualified volunteer.
如果被选中，我将努力做一名合格的志愿者。
②Her whole life was devoted to caring for the sick and needy.
她一生致力于照顾贫病交迫的人。
③(以文化人助写作)Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education.
大家异口同声地称赞她献身教育事业的精神。
归纳点拨 (1)devote vt.　　　　　专心于；献身
devote ... to ... 把……奉献于……；把……专注于……
be devoted to ... 专心于……；奉献于……
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的
(3)devotion n. 忠诚；挚爱；奉献
名师点津 以上短语中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to (help) others.
⑤The dog had such (devote) to his master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.
helping
devotion
(2)句式升级
　She devoted herself to practicing and became one of the world's best swimmers.
⑥ ,she became one of the world's best swimmers.(用现在分词短语作状语)
⑦ ,she became one of the world's best swimmers.(用过去分词短语作状语)
Devoting herself to practicing
Devoted to practicing
2．Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic.
让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
★appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁
[用法感知]
①This book will appeal to anyone who insists on finding the deepest meaning for their existence.
这本书将吸引那些坚持寻找生命深刻意义的人。
②The government appealed to International Red Cross to help people suffering from the floods.
政府呼吁国际红十字会来帮助遭受水灾的群众。
③Therefore, we make an appeal to everyone to love our planet and protect the environment.
因此，我们呼吁大家爱护我们的地球，保护环境。
[归纳点拨]
(1)appeal to sb.　　　　　　 对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣
appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求
appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④Whenever documentaries about China are broadcast, they appeal many foreigners.
⑤We're appealing to anyone who saw the old lady (contact) us.
(2)一句多译
　我们呼吁当地政府建立一座新图书馆。
⑥We a new library.(appeal v．)
⑦We a new library.(appeal n．)
to
to contact
appeal to the local government to set up
make an appeal to the local government to set up
3．The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
★determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
[用法感知]　
①She determined to go to college, so she determined on learning English.Finally she was successful.So if you are determined to do something, do it with determination.
她下定决心要上大学，所以她决定学英语。最后她成功了。所以，如果你下定决心做某事，就果断地去做吧。
[归纳点拨]
(1)determine to do sth. 下决心做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
(2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth. 　 决心做某事(表示状态)
(3)determination n. 决定；决心
with determination 果断地；坚定地
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
②I have determined upon (become) a volunteer.
③I'm determined (perform) well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it.
④It was her hard work and (determine) that got her into medical school.
⑤The (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
becoming
to perform
determination
determined
(2)一句多译
　因为决心按时完成这项工作，他们立即着手工作。
⑥ ,they set out to work immediately.(原因状语从句)
⑦ ,they set out to work immediately.(形容词短语作状语)
Because they were determined to complete the job on time
Determined to complete the job on time
★significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)No matter how the Spring Festival customs change, they are still very significant for the Chinese people.
无论春节习俗如何变化，它们对中国人民来说仍然有重大意义。
②The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.
这种新药对于这一疾病的治疗有重大意义。
③The two sets of figures are not significantly different.
这两组数字没有明显的差别。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be significant for　　　　 对……是重要的
be significant＝be of significance 有意义；重要
(2)significance n. 意义；重要性；重要意义
be of (great/little/no) significance 有(重大/很小/无)意义；
(非常/不太/不)重要
attach significance to ... 认为……重要
(3)significantly adv. 重要地；明显地
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
④The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant every Chinese because it is a special occasion for family reunion.
⑤In my view, practicing handwriting is very (significance) for the students' growth.
⑥National Day, which is of great significance, falls on October 1st every year.
→National Day, which ,falls on October 1st every year.
for
significant
is very significant
4．The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty.
文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。
★description n．描述，形容，说明
[用法感知]
①His vivid descriptions of country life quickly became popular, which established his reputation as one of America's greatest writers.
他对乡村生活的生动描述很快就变得流行起来，这奠定了他作为美国最伟大的作家之一的声誉。
②It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description.
人们认为西湖的景色美得无法形容。
③He is routinely described as the greatest scientist since Einstein.
他通常被认为是继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的科学家。
[归纳点拨]
(1)beyond description　　 无法形容，无法描述
(2)describe v. 描述；形容；把……称为
describe sth.to sb. 向某人描述某事
describe ... as ... 把……描述为/称为……
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/同义句转换)
④Can you describe your new school me
⑤China has been described an “emerging economic powerhouse”．
⑥It's quite hard to describe the view from the top of the mountain.
→The view from the top of the mountain was quite .
to
as
beyond description
5．Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
有些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。
★reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思；思考
[用法感知]
①As the small boat moved gently along the river, the mountains were silently reflected in the water.
当小船沿着河流轻轻地移动时，群山静静地倒映在水中。
②(以文化人助写作)Only if you spend time reflecting on/upon your life and work will you have a bright future.
你只有花时间反思自己的生活和工作，才会有一个光明的未来。
③I think you would spend more time in reflection.
我想你会花多一点时间来沉思。
归纳点拨 (1)reflect ... in ...在……中映出……的影像
reflect sth. from sth.从某物(表面)反射(声、光、热等)
reflect on/upon sth.　　思考某事
(2)reflection n．反映；反射；反照；影像；沉思
be lost in reflection 陷入沉思
轻巧识记
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④It is not the story itself but what (reflect) in the story that counts.
⑤She was lost in (reflect) on seeing a moving scene in the movie.
⑥Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of .
如果你养成思考怎样有效学习的习惯，作为一名学生，你的表现将会是非常优秀的。
is reflected
reflection
reflecting on/upon how to learn efficiently
6．One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
读到这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。
★capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
[用法感知]
①Anyone keen on English writing and capable of word processing is expected to apply.
任何对英语写作有兴趣和具有文字处理能力的人都可以申请。
②The research shows that preschool children are capable of thinking in abstract terms.
研究表明，学龄前儿童具有抽象思维能力。
③He is too young to have the capability to care for himself.
他太年轻了，没有能力照顾自己。
[归纳点拨]
(1)be capable of ...　　　　 有能力……
(2)capability n. 能力；才能
the capability to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事的能力
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/一句多译)
④Every student in the class is capable passing the exam.
　动物园的动物已经丧失了自己捕食的能力。
⑤Animals in the zoo have lost for themselves.
⑥Animals in the zoo have lost for themselves.
of
the capability to catch food
the capability of catching food
7．To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.
要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。
★contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；控制
[用法感知]
①During the Spring Festival, a lucky charm and a red pocket which contains lucky money will be given to everyone.
春节期间，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着好运钱的红包。
②When he was told the story for the second time, he could not contain himself with anger.
当人们第二次把这件事告诉他时，他不禁火冒三丈。
[归纳点拨]
(1)contain oneself　　 克制自我；控制自己的情绪
(2)container n. 容器
[易混辨析]　contain, include
contain “包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指包含全部内容或数量，也可指里面所包含的成分，不用于进行时态，表示“容纳”时相当于 hold。
include “包含，连……在内；计入；算入；包括”，用于表示所包含事物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。including 为介词，放在所包括的事物之前，included为形容词，放在被修饰的名词之后。
[应用融会]
(1)选词填空(contain, include)
③The container many kinds of fruits, a pineapple/a pineapple .
(2)单句语法填空
④She could hardly contain (her) with delight when she opened the parcel.
⑤He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence (contain) the best advice I've ever received.
contains
including
included
herself
containing
8．One important feature of classic literature is that it often reflects an author's own experiences and can therefore help us understand the important issues of his or her time.
经典文学的一个重要特征是它经常反映作者的亲身经历，从而帮助我们理解他或她的时代的重要问题。
★feature n．特色，特征 vt.以……为特色，是……的特征
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)To respect the old and to love the young is a key feature of our country.
尊老爱幼是我们国家的一个主要特征。
②The exhibition features New Orleans' architecture and historic neighborhoods.
展览以新奥尔良的建筑和历史街区为特色。
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
③The film features the famous star a professor.
④Olive oil and garlic feature prominently his recipes.
⑤Being clean and tidy is the city.
干净、整洁是这座城市的一个特色。
feature sb./sth.as ...　 以……为特色；由……主演……
feature in sth. (在某物中)起重要作用；占重要地位
as
in
a feature of
第二板块　句式和语法——句句通
1．A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.
孩子和男人正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。
[归纳点拨]
be doing ...when ...意为“正在做……这时(突然)……”，when在本句中是并列连词，连接并列句，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。
when 用作并列连词的句型还有：
be about to do ...when ...正要做……这时(突然)……
be on the point of doing ...when ...正要做……这时(突然)……
had just done ...when ... 刚做完……这时(突然)……　
①I was watching the football match when he came in.
我正在看足球赛，这时他走了进来。
②She was on the point of going out when the telephone rang.
她正要出去，这时电话铃响了。
③I was about to go to bed when you rang.
我正要睡觉，这时你来电话了。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④I was about (set) out when it began to rain heavily.
⑤I was on the point of (phone) him when his email arrived.
⑥I had just finished my test paper ,announcing the exam was over.
我刚完成试卷，这时宣告考试结束的铃声响了。
to set
phoning
when the bell rang
(2)句式升级
⑦I was conducting a chemistry experiment and at that time there was a sudden power failure.
→I there was a sudden power failure.
was conducting a chemistry experiment when
2．Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。
[归纳点拨]
本句为“介词＋系动词＋主语”构成的全部倒装句。全部倒装句式的结构为：
(1)表示地点的介词(短语)/表示时间、地点的副词/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语。
(2)表示方位、时间、地点的副词(out, in, up, away等)＋动词＋主语。
(3)There be句型也是一种完全倒装句，be动词可用stand, live, exist, lie, remain, seem, appear等来代替。　　
①Present at this year's music festival were the school headmaster, teachers, students and some of the students' parents.
出席本年度音乐节的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生家长。
②Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year.
然后年终颁奖典礼终于来临了。
③Once upon a time there lived a doctor known by the name of Hua Tuo.
从前有个名医叫华佗。
[名师点津]　在全部倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数由其后的主语决定。
[应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
④Present at yesterday's party (be) our English teacher.
⑤There (stand) a lot of statues of famous historical figures in the public square.
⑥ a farm which is surrounded by green trees with a small river flowing through it.
山脚下有一个农场，四周绿树成荫，有一条小河流过。
was
stand
At the foot of the hill lies
第三板块　拓展语言技能——握规律
课文中出现了几组同义词：attraction—appeal, look—see, find—discover, in a word—in summary，及几组反义词：new—old, love—hate, joy—sadness。
一、同义词
同义词是意义几乎相同的一组词，它们词性相同。如 attraction 与appeal, look与 see等。同义词虽然意义相同，但由于语义、感彩、语体色彩、词的搭配和位置分布的不同，在用法上是有差异的，因此在不同场合要注意它们的运用。例如：
①find 指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得失去的东西。
②discover 指某种客观存在被人发现，针对以前未被发现的事物或未被人所知的东西。
[对点训练]　(写出下列单词的同义词)
①encourage—— (促使)
②weak—— (脆弱)
③given—— (考虑到)
④grasp—— (抓住)
⑤claim—— (主张)
⑥wisdom—— (智力)
prompt
fragile
considering
capture
remark
intelligence
⑦component—— (部分)
⑧lift—— (提升)
⑨admit—— (承认)
⑩probe—— (探测)
gain—— (获得)
skeptical—— (怀疑的)
portion
elevate
acknowledge
explore
acquire
doubtful
二、反义词
语义相对或者相反的词叫做反义词。和同义词一样，它们词性相同。
1．换位反义词
换位反义词指一方的存在以另一方的存在为前提，双方形成一个对立的统一体。例如：
If A sells a watch to B, B buys a watch from A.
If A gives a pen to B, B receives a pen from A.
2．固定搭配中的反义词
英语中有许多由一对反义词构成的固定搭配。例如：
here and there, now and then, day and night, up and down等。
3．反义词在谚语中的使用
此时，通常用对偶句，它们结构相似，意思相反。例如：A white lie is better than a black lie.
一个善意的谎言总比一个恶意的谎言要好。
As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.
只要思想被奴役，身体就永远不能自由。
Pain past is pleasure.
苦尽甘来。
4．词根加上前缀/后缀构成的反义词
表示否定的前缀有im-， in-， ir-， non-， dis-， un- 等，后缀有 -less 等。例如：impossible (不可能的), incorrect (不正确的), irregular (不规则的), disadvantage (缺点)。
[对点训练]　(写出下列单词的反义词)
①big (大的)—— (小的)
②bad (坏的)—— (好的)
③bright (明亮的)—— (黑暗的)
④black (黑的)—— (白的)
⑤beautiful (美的)—— (丑的)
small
good
dark
white
ugly
⑥cold (冷的)—— (热的)
⑦cool (凉爽的)—— (温暖的)
⑧come (来)—— (去)
⑨cry (哭)—— (笑)
⑩clever (聪明的)—— (笨的)
different (不同的)—— (相同的)
difficult (难的)—— (容易的)
dirty (脏的)—— (干净的)
day (白天)—— (夜晚)
hot
warm
go
laugh
stupid
same
easy
clean
night
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．While the conversation was going on, I was listening with (非常认真的) attention.
2．Some of us are (敏感的) to smells, others find colours easier to remember.
3．He dedicated himself body and (内心) to the education of young men.
4．When the sun's rays hit the earth, a lot of the heat is (反射) back into space.
earnest
sensitive
soul
reflected
5．The country (发动) a national campaign against air pollution.
6．Although this drink doesn't (包含) any alcohol, it isn't fit for children.
7．The teacher asked the students to write down the (总结) of the class on paper.
8．The most distinguishing (特色) of Korean food is the spiciness.
9．The (作者) earned his fame through several popular tales of adventure.
launched
contain
summary
feature
author
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Spending the holidays in Britain wasn't particularly (appeal) to me.
2．He was (determine) to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
3．It is the first drug that seems to have a very (significance) effect on this disease.
4． (describe) of the moon is one of the unique characteristics in ancient Chinese poems.
appealing
determined
significant
Description
5．The idea that software is capable any task is broadly true in theory.
6．The aim of the activity was to (awake) an interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.
7．The spoken word is immediate but lacks (permanent)．
8．This question must be brought up time and again in the hope of attracting _________(universe) attention.
9．It was (specific) observed that the left side of the brain was more active during deep sleep.
of
awaken
permanence
universal
specifically
Ⅲ.选词填空
1． ,China should become a major economic powerhouse in the future.
2．The shy child was in a little nervous state the new teacher.
3．Sound engineers make use of techniques to enhance the quality of the recordings.
4．With the development of science and technology, my hometown has a new look.
devote oneself to， a range of， in store for， appeal to， contain oneself， in summary，draw on， reflect on/upon， take on， in the presence of
In summary
in the presence of
a range of
taken on
5．In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would a mass audience.
6．She could now no longer ,and was convinced that some disaster was impending.
7．People can often look back and happy childhood memories.
8．She gladly gave up her part-time job to her art entirely.
9．He his childhood memory for the material of his novel.
10．Nobody can exactly predict what the future holds us.
appeal to
contain herself
reflect on/upon
devote herself to
drew on
in store for
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换
1．As we all know, water is vital for .(keep＋宾语＋宾补)
众所周知，水对维持一切生物的生存很重要。
2．He someone knocked at the door.(be doing ... when)
他正在看电视，这时突然有人敲门。
3． I will not let you down.(祈使句＋并列连词＋简单句)
给我一次机会，我不会让你失望的。
keeping every living thing alive
was watching TV when
Give me a chance, and
4．Although they were tired, they stayed up preparing the report.(改为倒装句)
→ ,they stayed up preparing the report.
5．I devote myself to learning English, so I am capable of communicating with foreigners fluently.
① ,I am capable of communicating with foreigners fluently.(用现在分词短语作状语)
② ,I am capable of communicating with foreigners fluently.(用过去分词短语作状语)
Tired as/though they were
Devoting myself to learning English
Devoted to learning English
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The wonder of literature
While 1. (walk) on the beach, a child found a shell, from which he heard strange, low, musical sounds 2. seemed to be from another world, and the child listened to them with wonder.Actually, 3. amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
Such experience as this 4. (lie) in store for us when we begin the study of literature.But if we want to enter and enjoy a new world, we need to love literature and try our best to explain it.Only when we know the background of literature can we reach a point 5. we wish to enjoy and understand literature.The first step is 6. (determine) some significant qualities of it.
walking
that
what
lies
where
to determine
The first quality of literature is its 7. (describe) of truth and beauty, and it is not until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention that we can see the unnoticed truth and beauty.The second quality is its attraction 8. ___our feelings and imagination, which lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.The third quality is its permanence.9. (achieve) this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style.
To sum up, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, 10. the history of the human soul.
description
to
To achieve
and
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共13张PPT)
Welcome to the unit—开篇·把握单元目标
单元素养解读
一、语言能力
听 能体会文学语言的韵律，感受文学之美；理解和感悟人物性格，并感受文学作品中的人物塑造。
说 能就单元话题“文学作品”与同伴交流讨论，并能向同伴简要介绍自己最喜欢的文学作品。
读 能读懂关于文学作品主要特征的语篇，并能欣赏文学作品的选段。
写 能用得体的语言完成正式信函——推荐信的写作。
看 能获取并整合视频材料中有关学校各图书类型受欢迎程度以及学校购书打算的相关信息。
二、文化意识
1．了解著名文学家及其成就、贡献等，学习和借鉴人类文明的优秀成果；
2．发现并理解文学语篇中所包含的不同的文化元素，理解其中的寓意。
三、思维品质
1．通过对优秀文学作品的比较分析，加深对文学作品本质的理解；
2．在优秀文学作品与自己的生活实践之间建立联系，运用理性思维审视所读作品；
3．通过同学间对优秀文学作品的观点交流，培养多元化思维。
四、学习能力
1．通过阅读文学作品，掌握阅读文学作品的方法，认识优秀文学作品的特征，并体验其魅力；
2．结合语篇类型、特点，收集和整理语篇的信息，强化对语篇的解读，加深对语篇的深层理解。
教材名言赏析
教材 名言 Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. —Ezra Pound
深意 解读 本名言意为：“伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度上承载意义的语言。”说明文学语言承载着丰富的内涵，阅读文学作品时我们要认真揣摩和体会。
文化 微语 该句出自美国诗人和文学评论家埃兹拉·庞德(1885－1972)的《如何阅读》。埃兹拉·庞德是意象派运动的主要发起人，英美现代诗坛的一位巨将。他谙熟古今，善于旁征博引，撷取各国文明之长以为己用。在这本教导式的小书中，庞德遵循了“一切批评都是一种界说古典作家的尝试”，附以从经典中精心挑选的展示作品。结尾的“格律论”对于任何渴望读诗和写诗的人来说都是一篇富于启迪的论文。
?名言警句拓展
1．A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight. —Percy Bysshe Shelley
伟大的诗篇即是永远溢出智慧和欢欣之水的喷泉。 ——珀西·比希·雪莱
2．A novel is a mirror walking along a main road. — Stendhal
一部小说犹如一面在大街上行走的镜子。 ——司汤达
3．When one loves one's art, no service seems too hard. —O.Henry
当一个人热爱自己的艺术时，什么奉献也不难。 ——欧·亨利
多读时鲜美文
Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones.There were many famous poets living in the Tang period such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin.①Quan Tangshi edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of about 48,900 poems that were written by over 2,200 poets.But it doesn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight.Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield.People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.
In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets.Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people.Poets recited poems; women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems.This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time.As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature.It's a miracle in the cultural history of mankind.The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory.②It inherited Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, and was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world.Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by people of the Tang Dynasty.Philosophy, handwriting, painting, music and dance all gained new peaks of development.Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and the greatest achievement in the Tang Dynasty.
?读后积累
生僻词汇 ①fair /fe (r)/ n．　　　　　　　集市
②rank /r k/ n. 阶层
③atmosphere /' tm sf (r)/ n. 气氛，氛围
④adjacent / 'd e snt/ adj. 与……毗连的，邻近的
⑤territory /'ter tri/ n. 领土；版图
⑥inherit / n'her t/ v. 继承
常用词汇 ①collection n．作品集 ②cover v. 涵盖；涉及
③scholar n. 学者 ④miracle n. 奇迹
⑤go back to 追溯到 ⑥adopt v. 采取，采纳
长难句式 ①Quan Tangshi edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of about 48,900 poems that were written by over 2,200 poets.
分析：该句是主从复合句。句中edited in the Qing Dynasty是过去分词短语作后置定语；that were written by over 2,200 poets是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词poems。
译文：《全唐诗》是清代编纂的一部诗集，共收录约48 900首诗，由
2 200余位诗人创作。
续表
长难句式 ②It inherited Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, and was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world.
分析：该句是主从复合句。句中that went back to ancient times是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese civilization。
译文：它继承了源远流长的中华文明，融合了其他文化的精华，吸收了世界上其他民族的优秀之处。
续表