(共73张PPT)
Extended reading—乐读·浸润学科素养
4．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的；品行端正的
n. 品行，道德；寓意
5．intellectual adj. 脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的
n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者
6．mystery n. 神秘；神秘的人(或事物)；
悬疑作品
7．authority n. 权威，权力；官方
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1．________ n. 赞扬，认可；信用
vt. 存入金额；把……归于
2．_______ vt. 取消，使无效；否认，否定
3．________ n. 自由
4．____________ n. 责任，负责；职责，义务
5．_________ vt. 出版，发行；发表；公布
credit
negate
freedom
responsibility
publish
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1．_________ vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加→involved adj.有关的；卷入的 →involvement n．参与；牵连；包含
2．_________ adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
3．________ vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→application n．申请；应用 →applicant n．申请者
4．__________ n．无知→ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的
5．________ vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证→permission n．
许可；允许
involve
scientific
apply
ignorance
permit
6．_________ vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→declaration n．声明，宣告
7．____________ n．国籍；民族→nation n．民族；国家；国民→national adj.民族的；国家的；国有的
8．___________ n．进化；演变，发展→evolve v．进化
9．___________ n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→marry v．结婚，娶，嫁→married adj.已婚的
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1．_________ 致力于，研究
2．____________ 将……置于危险之中
3．_______________ 被卷入，与……有关系；专心于
nationality
evolution
marriage
work on
put ...at risk
(be) involved in
4．__________________ 换句话说
5．_____________ 归功于……
6．___________ 使某人失望
7．____________ 由于，幸亏
8．__________ 转向，求助于
9．________ 关于，至于
10．__________ 确信，对……有把握
11．__________ 怀疑
put another way
to the credit of
let sb.down
thanks to
turn to
as to
be sure of
in doubt
12．_________________ 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然
13．____________ 因……而产生
14．_____________ 给……留出空间
15．_____________ 提出，提议，建议
take it for granted
be born out of
leave room for
put forward
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 Such power has obvious value — even though the power may be negated by what one does with it.(even though引导让步状语从句)
这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
写佳句 ________________there isn't much hope of success, I do recommend giving it a try.
即使成功的希望不大，我还是建议你去试一试。
Even though
悟原句 The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance.(“be of＋抽象名词”结构)科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。
写佳句 (2022·全国乙卷)Many students believe _________________________
_____________________________________to improve their spoken English.
许多学生认为，听英语歌曲和看英语电影有助于提高他们的英语口语。
2.
it is of benefit to listen to
English songs and watch English movies
悟原句 ... to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed ...(not ...but ...“不是……而是……”)
……(我们有责任)教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨……
写佳句 It is _____________________________________________________that makes him a success.
他的成功不是因为聪明，而是因为勤奋。
3.
not because he is smart but because he is diligent
第一遍 泛读通文意
The Value of Science
When I was younger, I thought science would make good things for everybody. It was obviously useful; it was good. But then during the war I worked on the atomic bomb. This result of science was obviously very serious — it represented the destruction of people and it put our future at risk. I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science？”
Put another way, what is the value of the science I had long devoted myself to — the thing I had loved — when I saw what terrible things it could do It was a question I had to answer. I thought long and hard about this question, and I will try to answer it in this talk.
The first way in which science is of value is familiar to everyone: scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work. Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad — but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. Such power has obvious value — even though the power may be negated by what one does with it.
Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us with. When we look at any question deeply enough, we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again.With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still.Never concerned that the answer may let us down, with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries. Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all sorts of things more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.
I would now like to turn to a third value that science has. The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is of very great importance. When a scientist doesn't know the answer to a problem, he is ignorant. When he has an idea as to what the result is, he is uncertain. And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be, he is still in some doubt.
Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. But our freedom to doubt was born out of a deep and strong struggle against authority in the early days of science. In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt. Permit us to question — to doubt — to not be sure.
It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
(Adapted from a public lecture by Richard Feynman, an American scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965)
[参考译文]
科学的价值
在我还很年轻的时候，我以为科学会给每个人都带来好处。科学显然是有用的；有好的一面。但随后在战争期间，我从事了原子弹的研究。这个科学的成果又明摆着有很大危险性——它意味着人的毁灭，并使我们的未来岌岌可危。我不得不扪心自问：“科学之中是不是也包含罪恶？”
换言之，在我发现科学可能造成的恶果之后，我一直投身其中的科学，我曾经的挚爱，价值何在？这是一个我不得不回答的问题。关于这个问题，我苦思冥想了很久，我将试着在这次演讲中给出解答。
[句式释解]
句 画线部分是what引导的特殊疑问句，句中I had long devoted myself to是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the science; I had loved是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the thing; when I saw ... it could do是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句中又包含了what引导的宾语从句，作saw的宾语；it could do为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词things。
科学体现价值的第一种方式对每个人而言都耳熟能详：科学知识让我们能够做各种各样的事，造不同种类的东西。当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。科学知识是一种让我们可以行善也可以作恶的力量——但是该如何运用，它并未自带说明书。这样的力量其价值显而易见，尽管，这力量会被某人用它所做的事否定。
[句式释解]
句 in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词The first way。
句 本句是复合句，分号连接两个并列分句，其中if引导条件状语从句， which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the moral choice。
科学的另一种价值在于它能够给予我们以智力的享受。当我们足够深入地探究某个问题时，我们会感到兴奋和神秘不断地扑面而来。随新知而来的是更深刻、更精妙的奥秘，激励我们更深入地去探究。我们从不担心答案可能会令人失望，带着愉悦和信心，我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，它们指向更多精妙的问题与奥秘。有赖于在科学上付出的努力，我们在其引领下构想出形形色色的东西，远比过去任何一位诗人和梦想家的想象更加美妙。
[句式释解]
句 when引导时间状语从句；coming to ... again是现在分词短语作宾语补
足语。
现在，我要说到科学的第三种价值。科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定，而这种经历非常重要。当科学家不知道某个问题的答案时，他是无知的。当他对于结果是什么有主意时，他是不确定的。当他非常确信结果将会怎样时，他仍旧有所怀疑。
[句式释解]
句 when引导时间状语从句，从句中包含what引导的宾语从句。
如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。但是我们怀疑的自由，脱胎于早年间科学为对抗权威展开的深刻而强硬的斗争。为了进步，我们切不可忘记这场斗争的重要性；我们必须认识到自己的无知，并且为怀疑留出一席之地。要允许我们提问——怀疑——不确定。
作为科学家我们深知伟大的进步是思想自由的成果，我们有责任阐明这种自由的价值；我们有责任教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨；我们更有责任强烈要求拥有这一自由，这就是我们对后世的义务。
[句式释解]
句 这是一个复合句，句首It是形式主语，真正的主语是to declare ... freedom, to teach ... discussed, to demand ... generations三个并列不定式短语；knowing the ... freedom of thought是现在分词短语作状语，其中that is ... thought为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词progress; how doubt ... and discussed为how引导的宾语从句，该宾语从句中又包含“not ... but ...”结构，意为“不是……而是……”。
(改编自1965年诺贝尔物理学奖得主、美国科学家理查德·费曼的公开演讲)
What is the main idea of the text
A．Science is good and makes good things.
B．Science means destruction.
C．Science leads to wonderful questions and mysteries.
D．Science has its own values.
答案：D
Why did the author ask himself “Is there some evil involved in science？”
___________________________________________________________
Because he found science can bring humans destruction.
(1)第4行中的work on 使用贴切，表示“从事于，致力于”，生动形象地说明了主语的动作。
(2)第9行中put another way“换句话说”用来解释说明前面提到的内容。类似的表达还有：namely, that is to say, in other words等。试完成下面的句子：
The mobile library services have been reorganised —__________________, they visit fewer places.
流动图书馆服务重新做了安排——换句话说，他们去的地方减少了。
put another way
(1)What do we know most about science
A．It enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
B．It is too complex for people to understand.
C．It is negated by what one does with it.
D．It is to make a country stronger.
答案：A
(2)Whenever we make a deep breakthrough in science, what will we find then
A．Disappointing answers.
B．More knowledge.
C．Depression.
D．More questions and mysteries.
答案：D
(3)What does a scientist often go through
A．Experiment, ignorance and doubt.
B．Ignorance, doubt and uncertainty.
C．Problems, experiment and uncertainty.
D．Problems, doubt and effort.
答案：B
(1)第18～20行中的中使用了not only ... (but) also ...连接两个并列分句，注意如果not only位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
(2)第29～30行中的“With more knowledge comes a deeper, more wonderful mystery ...”为完全倒装句。完全倒装句起到平衡句式、避免头重脚轻的作用；此外，完全倒装句能与前文自然地紧密衔接，使语句更加流畅。试用完全倒装翻译下列句子：
①门开了，孩子们冲了出去。
__________________________________________
②参加今天会议的有来自世界各地的科学家。
____________________________________________________________________
The door opened and out rushed the children.
Present at the meeting today are the scientists coming from all over the world.
(3)第39～40行的“I would now like to turn to a third value that science has.”为过渡句，引出下文，使文章自然流畅。在写作中适当使用过渡句，可使文章出彩增分，彰显写作水平。试翻译下面的句子：
原因如下。
_________________________________
(4)第42行中使用了“be of＋抽象名词”结构，属于高级表达，相当于“be＋该抽象名词的形容词形式”。试改写下列句子：
①English is very important to us students.
→English is ____________________to us students.
②Playing computer games doesn't benefit you.
→Playing computer games is ______________ to you.
The reasons are as follows.
of great importance
of no benefit
(5)第46行中的still意为“仍然，依然”，充分说明了科学无止境，鼓励人们继续探索。
What are the responsibilities of scientists
①______________________________________________________
②_______________________________________________________________
③____________________________________________________________
To declare the value of the freedom of thought.
To teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed.
To demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
第52～54行使用了we must ...we must ...排比句。排比往往给人以一气呵成之感，节奏感强，增强语言气势，加强表达效果，多用于说理或抒情。用排比说理，可以把论点阐述得更严密，更透彻；用排比抒情可以把情感抒发得淋漓尽致。试翻译下面的句子：
This great nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper.
__________________________________________________________________
这个伟大的国家过去经得起考验，今后还将经得起考验，将复兴，将繁荣。
本语篇改编自著名科学家理查德·费曼的公开演讲，文本类型是演讲稿，主题鲜明、语言生动、结构清晰。演讲者首先通过设问抓住听众(读者)的注意力，接着分三段诠释了科学三个层面的价值所在：一是科学知识能让我们做各种各样的事；二是科学探究给予我们智力上的享受；三是科学家具有怀疑的自由。最后演讲者阐明了科学家的责任所在。
阅读技巧：演讲稿的首段通常会点明主题、交代背景或提出问题等，阅读时先细读首段有助于快速把握文章主旨。
本语篇的主题是科学的价值。作者通过自问自答，条理清楚、由浅入深地从三个层面回答了“科学价值何在”这一问题。“科学有无善恶”，或者说“科学价值何在”这个问题的提出，同作者参与美国原子弹研制的经历有关。作者一生为之奋斗的科学成果最后却成为毁伤无数生命的大规模杀伤性武器，这让作者开始深入反思“科学中是否也有罪恶的成分”这一问题，旨在提醒我们应该如何看待、如何运用科学知识，并强调“怀疑的自由”在科学研究中的重要价值。阅读下列语段，感悟如何正确看待、运用科学知识：
(一)
Science promotes the development of human society and improves people's life. The scientific and technological revolutions in human history have brought about rapid progress in our world. However, there are dark and ugly sides that science brings. Science has industrialized society, which also puts enormous pressure on natural resources and the environment.
(二)
The essence of science is all kinds of knowledge, which has no good or evil in it. If the science is used to do something bad, it is not the science, but the man misusing it that should be blamed. Just as Feynman said, “Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad — but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it.”
1．I had to ask myself, “Is there some evil involved in science？”
我不得不扪心自问：“科学之中是不是也包含罪恶？”
★involve vt.包含；牵涉，影响；(使)参加
[用法感知]
①We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.
我们希望参加庆祝的人越多越好。
②200 students from all grades were involved in this running race.
来自各个年级的200名学生参加了这次赛跑比赛。
③Students should involve themselves in agricultural activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与农业活动，他们能从活动中获取成长的经验。
(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事；
将某人牵涉到(做)某事中
involve doing sth. 包括做某事
(2)get/be involved in 被卷入……之中；
参与；热衷于；专心于
be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人混在一起；和某事有密切联系
(3)involvement n. 参与；牵连；包含
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
④In a recent book, he advocated much more government ______________
(involve) in health care.
⑤Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves __________(spend) quite a lot of time with students.
⑥Children can benefit from ________________voluntary work.
孩子们能从参加志愿者工作中受益。
involvement
spending
being involved in
2．Of course, if we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice which led us to good work.
当然，如果我们做了好事，不仅归功于科学，还归功于引导我们行善的道德选择。
★credit n．赞扬，认可；信用；学分 vt.存入金额；把……归于
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)He never seeks credit for himself, but is always ready to take on difficult tasks.
他从来不为自己谋求赞扬，但总是乐于承担困难的任务。
②In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hard earned.
在他的介绍中，他明确表示，我们的学分来之不易。
③It's greatly to his credit that he gave back the money he found.
他拾金不昧是十分值得表扬的。
give sb.credit for ... 为……而赞扬某人
do sb.credit 使某人值得赞扬
to one's credit 某人值得赞扬的是
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)写出下列句中credit的含义
④We don't mind who gets the credit as long as we don't get the blame. ______
⑤Borrowers need to provide the credit history, which the lenders will use as the criteria when evaluating a loan. ______
⑥During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. ______
赞扬
信用
学分
(2)完成句子
⑦_____________, the workers managed to complete the project on time in spite of the bad weather.
值得赞扬的是，尽管天气恶劣，工人们还是设法按时完成了工程。
⑧We need to _______________________their attitude and performance today.
我们需要对他们今天的态度和表现给予赞扬。
To their credit
give them credit for
3．Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad — but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it.
科学知识是一种让我们可以行善也可以作恶的力量——但是该如何运用，它并未自带说明书。
★apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关；努力学习，勤奋工作
[用法感知]
①Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write.
后来我决定把我先前的经验应用到学习如何读和写上。
②Learning that your gallery will hold a Chinese painting exhibition, I am more than glad to apply to be a volunteer for the event.得知你们美术馆要举办中国画展览，我非常高兴申请成为这次活动的志愿者。
(1)apply ...to ... 把……应用于……；把……涂到……
be applied to ... 被应用于……
apply (to) ...for ... (向……)申请……
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply oneself/one's mind to (doing) sth. 致力于/专心于(做)某事
(2)application n. 申请
applicant n. 申请人
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class ____our future professions.
④When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply _____the one that reflected my interest.
⑤To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of __________(apply) to attend the opening ceremony.
⑥Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the _____________(apply)．
to
for
applicants
application
(2)句式升级
⑦If you apply yourself to your study, you will pass your exam.
→___________________________, and you will pass your exam.(祈使句)
→________________________________, you will pass your exam.(现在分词短语作状语)
Apply yourself to your study
Applying yourself to your study
4．The scientist has a lot of experience with ignorance and doubt and uncertainty ...
科学家经常会经历无知、怀疑和不确定……
★ignorance n．无知
[用法感知]
①It is reported that most untrained drivers do not know some of the road signs and symbols and are in ignorance of these traffic laws.
据报道，大多数未经过训练的司机不知道一些道路标志和符号，也不了解这些交通法规。
②In respect of your children, please listen attentively to them instead of ignoring them.
关于孩子们，请认真倾听他们的声音，而不是忽视他们。
(1)be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事
(2)ignore vt. 忽视，对……不予理会；不予理睬
(3)ignorant adj. 不了解的，无知的；愚昧的
be ignorant of/about sth. 不知道/没有意识到某事
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③Many people in the city are often __________(ignore) of farm life.
④In fact, the participation of kids should not ____________(ignore) to the development of community.
⑤Sometimes __________(ignore) and negative outlooks on situations can create anger.
⑥Do you mean you were ________________________the fact
你是说这件事你完全不知情？
ignorant
be ignored
ignorance
in complete ignorance of
5．Now, we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly possible to live and not know.
如今，我们科学家理所当然地认为，生而有所不知是完全有可能的。
★take it for granted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Children shouldn't take their parents' help for granted.
孩子们不应该把父母的帮助视为理所当然。
②I take it for granted that he is a native Italian because he speaks Italian so well.
他意大利语说得好极了，所以我就理所当然地把他当成了土生土长的意大利人。
归纳 点拨 take it for granted that ... 想当然地认为……
take ...seriously 认真对待……
take ...into account/consideration 把……考虑在内
take it easy 放轻松
take one's time 慢慢来，不紧张
名师 点津 take ... for granted 后接that引导的宾语从句时，常用it作形式宾语，构成take it for granted that ...结构。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③I keep telling myself never to take anything _____granted.
④We shouldn't take __for granted that parents should give their children money.
(2)完成句子
⑤______________.There is still one more week left before the exam begins.
别这么紧张。离考试开始还有一周的时间呢。
⑥______________ and choose the one you like most.
慢慢选吧，选一个你最喜欢的。
⑦I sincerely hope that you will___________________________________________.
我衷心希望你能考虑我的建议。
for
it
Take it easy
Take your time
take my suggestions into account/consideration
6．Permit us to question — to doubt — to not be sure.
要允许我们提问——怀疑——不确定。
★permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n．许可证
[用法感知]
①Students and teachers are not permitted to cycle on the campus.
学生和老师都不允许在校园内骑自行车。
②Without permission, children are not allowed to swim alone here.
未经允许，儿童不得单独在此游泳。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③The rules of the school do not permit _________(park) near the school gate.
④Employees are permitted _________(use) the golf course during their free hours.
⑤When you are in, please don't touch the machines without ______________(permit)．
(2)一句多译
时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间与朋友在一起度过，以便于提升我们的友谊。
⑥_______________, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can promote our friendship.(条件状语从句)
⑦__________________, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can promote our friendship.(独立主格结构)
parking
to use
permission
If time permits
Time permitting
7．It is our responsibility as scientists ... to declare the value of this freedom ...
作为科学家……我们有责任阐明这种自由的价值……
★responsibility n．责任，负责；职责，义务
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Through this activity, the students developed a strong sense of responsibility and gratitude.
通过这次活动，学生们培养了强烈的责任感和感恩之心。
②He is so humorous, responsible and selfless that I respect and love him very much.
他如此幽默、有责任心和无私，以至于我非常尊重和喜欢他。
(1)responsibility for sth. 对某事的责任
bear responsibility for ... 对……负有责任
take the responsibility for/of doing sth. 负起对(做)某事的责任
(2)responsible adj. 负责的，可靠的；有责任的
be responsible for 应对……负责；对……有责任
be responsible to sb. 对某人负责
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (完成句子)
③I ________________________losing the money.
我对丢失这笔钱负有全部的责任。
④Doctors and nurses _______________________tending the infected patients.
医生和护士有责任照顾受感染的病人。
⑤Mike _________________designing the entire project.
迈克负责设计全部工程。
⑥All the ministers ____________________the president.
所有的部长都向总统负责。
★declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报
take full responsibility for
bear responsibility for
is responsible for
are responsible to
[用法感知]
①He declared his intention to become the best golfer in the world.
他表明了要成为世界上最佳高尔夫球手的意愿。
②The residents nearby declared against the building of the factory which is likely to pollute the water and air.
附近的居民宣布反对建立该工厂，因为它可能会污染水和空气。
③Hearing the sports meeting declared open, all the students burst into cheers.
听到运动会被宣布开幕，所有学生都欢呼起来。
declare 指正式和明确地向公众“宣布，宣告，声明”，侧重当众发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。
announce 指正式地“公开，发表，宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指发布新闻、消息等。常见用法：announce sth.to sb.＝announce to sb.sth.，其中to不可以省略
[易混辨析] declare, announce
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/句型转换
④He declared __________the plan because it wasn't practical.
⑤In the ______________(declare), they declared _____the government's decision to strengthen traditional Chinese festivals.
⑥Our school declared that the girl was head of our department.
→Our school ______________________head of our department.
(2)选词填空(declare/announce)
⑦The President is preparing to __________his new plan on Tuesday.
⑧The country had no other choice but to ________war on their enemy.
against
declaration
for
declared the girl to be
announce
declare
8．...to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed ...
……(我们有责任)教导人们怀疑不可怕，它值得欢迎和探讨……
[归纳点拨]
(1)not ...but ...意为“不是……，而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。
(2)当not ...but ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的还有or, not only ...but also ..., either ...or ..., neither ...nor ...等。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
①It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destination _____ in the journey itself.
②In my opinion, it is not the passengers but the driver who _________(blame)．
③Not you but the interpreter ____(be) to answer for it.
④It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that ____________(benefit) our work most.
but
is to blame
is
benefits
(2)完成句子
⑤It is _____________________________________that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow.
是你做的事情而不是你现在说的话对你今后的生活有重大影响。
⑥My experience tells me that it is ______________________________________
_________that determines your value.
我的经验告诉我，决定你的价值的不是你得到了什么，而是你奉献了什么。
⑦My teacher told me not to depend on fortune,___________________.
老师告诉我不要依赖运气，而是要靠努力工作。
not what you say now but what you do
not what you are given but what you have
devoted
but on hard work
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．According to our rules, smoking is not __________(允许) in our office.
2．The scientist was determined to make a great breakthrough in ______________
(科学的) research.
3．Children often behave badly out of ___________(无知)．
4．Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he ____________(出版) his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
permitted
scientific
ignorance
published
5．The volunteers' primary _________________(责任) is to help people with learning disabilities to realize their own importance.
6．In our country, everyone has the right and ___________(自由) to express his thoughts and ideas.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Due to the _____________(apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.
2．Your dad will go bananas if he knows you often drive his car without _______________ (permit)．
responsibility
freedom
application
permission
3．I take ___for granted that you have already checked the answer.
4．No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get __________(involve) in various activities on Earth Day.
5．____ their credit, they managed to solve the difficult problem.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．____________________, I will try again.(even if)
即使我这次失败了，我还会再尝试。
2．The main problem________________________________________________.
(not ... but ...)
主要问题不是水太热，而是它不干净。
it
involved
To
Even if I fail this time
is not that the water is too hot, but that it is not clean
3．I treasure this as a good chance and it ________________in many ways.(be of＋抽象名词)
我珍惜这个好机会，它在许多方面对我有益处。
4．____________________ you missed the World Robot Conference held in Beijing.(it作形式主语)
很遗憾你错过了在北京举办的世界机器人大会。
is of benefit to me
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
What is the value of science The first value is that scientific knowledge enables us 1._________ (do) and make all kinds of things.Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad — 2.______ it does not carry instructions on how to apply it.Such power 3._____ (have) obvious value.Another value of science is the intellectual enjoyment it can provide us 4.______.Thanks to the scientific effort, we have been led to imagine all 5.______ (sort) of things which are more fantastic than poets and dreamers of the past ever could.Let's turn to a 6.______ (three) value that science has.The scientist has a lot of experience with 7.__________ (ignorant) and doubt and uncertainty, and this experience is 8.__________ (great) important.Scientists take it for granted that 9._____ is perfectly possible to live and not know.
to do
but
has
with
sorts
third
ignorance
greatly
it
10．_____________ (know) the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, we as scientists have the responsibility to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
Knowing
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（四）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共30张PPT)
Grammar and usage—语法·提升语言能力
①The United Nations Children's Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations (UN) organisation based in New York.②It offers help needed by children all over the world.③Founded on 11 December 1946, UNICEF aimed to provide food and healthcare for children in countries damaged in World War Ⅱ at first.Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world.④Now, UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families and makes its work carried out across 190 countries and territories.,句①中的过去分词known及based在句中作定语；
句②中的过去分词needed在句中作定语，修饰help；
句③中的founded在句中作状语，可改写为时间状语从句；damaged在句中作定语，修饰countries；
句④中的过去分词短语carried out在句中作宾语补足语，为make sth.done结构。
慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通
动词 ed形式具有形容词、副词的作用，在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词 ed形式作定语
[先感知]
①(教材典句)The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria.
②(教材典句)As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune favours the prepared mind.”
③There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
④Is there anything unsolved
⑤The risen sun is shining brightly at noon.
[会发现]
(1)句①中的加黑部分为过去分词短语，在句中作______定语；句②中的加黑部分为单个过去分词，在句中作前置定语；句③中的left和concerned及句④中的unsolved则是单个过去分词作后置定语。
(2)______动词(短语)作定语，一般表示被动和完成；不及物动词作定语，如句⑤，只表示动作的完成。
[明规则]
1．一般情况下，单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。
(1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的), given(所给的), concerned (有关的)等。
后置
及物
(2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。
2．过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
3．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。
4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别：
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2022·全国甲卷) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ________(hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
held
②(2022·全国乙卷)“... It can help to build a community with a _______(share) future for mankind，” he said.
③(2021·浙江6月高考)As cool as it may be to receive a postcard ________(write) in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.
④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)A study __________(conduct) in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.
⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)I like eating ________(fry) tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.
⑥The cars _____________(sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
⑦There are still many problems _____________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
shared
written
conducted
fried
being sold
to be solved
(2)同义句转换
⑧He is a teacher loved by his students.
→He is a teacher________________________________.
二、动词 ed形式作状语
[先感知]
①Completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
＝When it was completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
who is loved by his students
②Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
＝Because John was absorbed in painting, he didn't notice evening approaching.
③Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
＝If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
④Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
＝Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
⑤She accepted the gift, deeply moved.
＝She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.
⑥Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
[会发现]
(1)句①中过去分词作时间状语，相当于__________从句。可在其前加上连词when, while, until等，使其时间意义更明确。
(2)句②中过去分词作原因状语，相当于___________从句，可加because, since等转换成原因状语从句。
(3)句③中过去分词作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句。可加连词__________等转换成条件状语从句。
时间状语
原因状语
if, unless
(4)句④中过去分词作让步状语，相当于_________从句。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ...or等连词转换成让步状语从句。
(5)句⑤中过去分词作伴随状语，相当于______________________。
(6)句⑥中过去分词spent的主语并不是主句的主语office workers，而是much time，这种情况被称为_____________结构。
让步状语
and连接的并列句
独立主格
[明规则]
1．过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
2．有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost; seated; hidden; lost/absorbed in; dressed in; tired of。
3．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致，如果不一致，则应在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。
[对点练]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)That didn't go as ___________(plan)．But, I tried my best.
②____________ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)It is said that about 20% of 25－34 year olds live with their parents, ______________(compare) with 16% in 1991.
④____________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
⑤________________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
planned
Raised
Founded
Translated
(2)用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
⑥After the lecture was given, a lively question and answer session followed.
→_________________, a lively question and answer session followed.
⑦The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars, ___________________________
_____________.
⑧Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→__________________________, he felt very happy.
The lecture given
none of them shipped to foreign
countries
Extra money given to the poor
三、动词 ed形式作宾语补足语
[先感知]
①He got up late and hurried to his office, leaving the breakfast untouched.
②Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
③While they were on holiday, they had their house broken into.
④They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
⑤The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
[会发现]
以上结构中，过去分词在句中作_________________，补充说明宾语所发生的动作或存在的状态。
宾语补足语
[明规则]
1．过去分词用在表示某种状态的keep, leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。
2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
3．感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, expect, order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
5．用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
[对点练] (用所给词的适当形式填空)
①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is — always leaving us ____________
(astonish)．
②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They make great gifts and you see them many times __________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
③Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________(wash)．
④Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues _________
(amuse) with her stories.
⑤With the problem __________(solve), the quality has been improved.
astonished
decorated
washed
amused
solved
用所给词的恰当形式填空
1．___________ (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also 2._________ (call) the Spring Festival, is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals, 3.________ (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip 4.__________ (visit) their friends or to spend their long holiday.It is also a children's festival.The elders will hand out red packets to the younger generation with some money 5.______ (put) into them.And children used to set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival.Chinese people think the loud sound of the firecrackers makes devils 6.________ (drive) away.
Observed
called
cooked
to visit
put
driven
新知进补——学用结合方能“融会通”
1．The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria.
结果表明，这种霉菌所产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。
★indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出
[用法感知]
①The achievements in recent years have fully indicated that we Chinese people have great wisdom.
近几年的成就已充分表明，我们中国人有大智慧。
②Research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.
研究表明，这些数字已经上升了一段时间。
(1)indicate sth.to sb. 向某人表明或暗示某事
indicate that ... 表明或暗示……
(2)indication n. 迹象，暗示
indication of (doing) sth. ……的暗示
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
③She gave no __________(indicate) of hearing us.
④Progress _____________________________to change the way he is living.
进步表明一个人改变目前生活方式的能力。
⑤A red sky in the evening _____________________the following day.
傍晚天边红，明朝天气好。
⑥________________________ it is human activity that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village.
文章表明是人类活动对村庄造成了环境破坏。
indication
indicates a person's ability
indicates fine weather
The passage indicates that
2．As Louis Pasteur said，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.”
正如路易·巴斯德所说：“机遇眷顾有准备的人。”
★favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
[用法感知]
①Of the three plans I favour the first, which I think is the most practical.
这三个计划中，我赞同第一个，我认为这个最实用。
②We are all in favour of this kind of races, and hope that our school can often hold this kind of activities.
我们都支持这种赛跑活动，并希望我们学校可以经常举办这类活动。
③(以文化人助写作)It is also meaningful to make use of what I have learned to do others a favour.
利用我学的东西帮助他人也是很有意义的。
(1)in favour of 支持，赞同；有利于
in sb.'s favour 有利于某人
(2)do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb. 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人
ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
(3)favourable adj. 有利的；赞同的；支持的
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
④And I hate to disturb you, but I'd like to ask ____favour.
⑤Personally, I am _____favour of the new policy that will come into effect next month.
⑥We could have done better under more _____________(favour) conditions.
(2)一句多译
请帮个忙把我刚刚收到的这封信处理掉行吗？
⑦Would you __________________and get rid of this letter I've just received
⑧Would you _________________and get rid of this letter I've just received
a
in
favourable
do me a favour
do a favour for me
3．When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key.
当雷雨来临，闪电就会给钥匙充电。
★charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管
[用法感知]
①Suppose you are in charge of a small society, what will you do to help your partner
假设你负责一个小社团，你会做些什么来帮助你的伙伴？
②Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge us for the six week course.
第三，我想知道你们六周的课程要收多少钱。
(1)free of charge 免费
on charge 充电中
in charge of 主管/负责……
in the charge of 由……负责/掌控
take charge of 掌管/负责……
(2)charge sb.some money for sth. 为某物向某人索价
charge sb.with/doing sth. 指控/控告某人(做)某事
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)介词填空
③The man who had taken charge____ the company was charged ________taking drugs.
④They charged me five dollars _____ a cup of coffee.
(2)一句多译
他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。
⑤He can't _______________the programme because it is beyond his ability.
⑥He can't _______________the programme because it is beyond his ability.
⑦The programme can't __________________him because it is beyond his ability.
of
with
for
be in charge of
take charge of
be in the charge of
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（二）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共44张PPT)
Integrated skills—语用·融会语言技能
bang
4．___________ 发生；走近；被提出
5．_________ 上交
6．_________ 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
7．___________ 根据
8．________ 由于
come up
hand in
show off
according to
due to
二、背经典句式
1.
悟原句 The most popular experiment was “Planets in a bottle”， in which students tried to create the conditions of different planets inside glass bottles.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)
最受欢迎的实验是“瓶子里的星球”，学生们尝试在玻璃瓶里营造不同行星的情况。
写佳句 It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ______________________how people manage their lives.
我们希望在未来几十年里，科学的进步将提供新的视角，让我们能够研究人们如何管理自己的生活。
from which we can study
悟原句 The experiment allowed students to get a taste of what it was like to live in outer space.(what it be like ...)
这项实验让学生们体验到了在外太空生活的感受。
写佳句 I took part in a seven day activity to get a taste of _____________to live without mobile phones and the Internet.
我参加了一个为期七天的活动，为了体验一下没有手机和网络的生活是什么样的。
2.
what it is like
1．Science Festival goes off with a bang!
科学节举办极为成功！
★go off(以某种方式)发生；爆炸；开火；(警报器等)突然发出巨响；熄灭，中断；离开；变质
[用法感知]
①The street lights will go on when it gets dark and go off at midnight.
街上的灯天黑时亮起，午夜熄灭。
go on 灯亮，通电；继续下去
go against 反对；违背；对……不利
go in for 参加；爱好
go over 检查；复习
go through 浏览，翻阅；通过；经历，经受
go by 经过，过去
go wrong 出毛病，出错
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (选用上述短语填空)
②Before examinations, the students are always busy ___________their lessons.
③The central heating in the building ____________at 10：00 p．m.
④If human beings ___________nature, they will sooner or later be punished.
⑤With the help of my friends, I ______________that hard times.
going over
goes off
go against
went through
2．This year's “Space” theme was truly excellent and showed off all of the students' creative talent.
今年的“太空”主题非常精彩，也展示出了学生们所有的创造天赋。
★show off显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
[用法感知]
①The little girl showed up on the stage and showed off her music talent.
小女孩出现在舞台上，展示了她的音乐天赋。
(1)show sb.sth.＝ show sth.to sb. 给某人展示某物
show up 露面，出席，到场
show sb.in/out 领某人进来/出去
show sb.around 领某人巡视/参观
(2)be on show 展览
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会] (完成句子)
②Please ________________________！
请给我看看你的票！
③The new version of the car_______________.
新款汽车正在展览中。
④He agreed to come, but hasn't ______________until now.
他同意来了，但是到现在还未露面。
⑤This morning I __________________________________the school.
今天上午我领着外宾参观了学校。
show me your ticket
is on show
showed up
showed the foreign guests around
教材为基——课内听力4遍过
Step 1 过词块(英汉互译)
1．一年一度的科学节 _______________________
2．科学俱乐部成员 __________________________
3．想起；考虑 _________
4．第一件事 _________________
5．give a lecture _________
6．come up with _________
7．a huge Science Fair _____________
8．make a final decision _____________
annual Science Festival
members of the Science Club
think of
for the first event
作报告
想出
大型科学展
做出最终决定
Step 2 过句式(完成句子)
1．It _________________________________an interest in science and develop skills that may help them in their future lives.
它的目的是鼓励学生培养对科学的兴趣，发展对他们的未来生活有帮助的技能。
2．_____________________________________________ is to think of a theme for this year's festival.
你们需要做的第一件也是最重要的事情就是为今年的科学节想出一个主题。
aims to encourage students to take
The first and most important thing you need to do
3．Then we'll have a Science Workshop, __________________________different experiments.
然后我们还会组建一个科学工作室，在那里学生可以尝试不同的实验。
4．... and you should give some suggestions on __________________in your plan.
……在你的计划中，关于如何实施这些活动，你应该给出一些建议。
where students can try
how to do these
Step 3 过关键信息[判断正(T)误(F)]
1．The Science Festival is coming up next week. ( )
2．It aims to teach students how to conduct different experiments. ( )
3．A famous scientist will give a lecture at the Science Festival. ( )
4．Students can try different experiments in the Science Workshop. ( )
5．The final decision about the theme and events will be made by this Friday. ( )
F
F
F
T
T
Time come up 1.___________ and last 2.____________
purpose encourage students to take an interest in 3._________ and develop skills
events suggestions to be given
the school Science Festival the 4._________ of the festival
a lecture by a famous scientist the scientist to be invited; the time and place for the lecture; the 5._______ of the lecture
a ScienceWorkshop 6.___________ to be done; 7.__________ and materials needed
8.________ ____________ some activities; the decoration of each classroom
Step 4 过文意理解(听力填空)
next month
three days
science
theme
topic
experiments
equipment
a huge
Science Fair
训练为重——能力提升多听说
Ⅰ.基础听力
听下面5段材料，回答第1至5题。
1．What are the speakers talking about
A．Zhang Heng's invention.
B．Zhang Heng's calculator.
C．Zhang Heng's walking speed.
2．What are the speakers talking about
A．Hobbies. B．Sports. C．Arts.
3．When will the woman arrive at the office tomorrow
A．At 8：00 a．m. B．At 8：30 a．m.
C．At 9：00 a．m.
4．Who does the man like
A．Edison. B．Einstein. C．Nobel.
5．What is the man's research field
A．Education. B．Finance. C．Insects.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What might be the relationship between the two speakers
A．Workmates. B．Friends.
C．Mother and son.
7．What are they talking about
A．The man's major in college.
B．The man's favorite subject.
C．The man's future job.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where and when was Hypatia born
A．In Egypt, in 370 AD.
B．In Athens, in 415 AD.
C．In Rome, in 370 AD.
9．What was Hypatia
A．A physicist. B．A historian.
C．A mathematician.
10．How did Hypatia die
A．She was killed in a car accident.
B．She was murdered.
C．She died of an illness.
答案：1～5 AAABC 6～10 BCACB
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: Do you know the great ancient scientist ①Zhang Heng invented a vehicle
M: I know.①It can calculate how many lis you travel.
(Text 2)
W: David, ②what do you usually do in your spare time
M: ②I have lots to do, reading, swimming and writing.But I'm mad about science experiments most of the time.
(Text 3)
W: What time is tomorrow's meeting Is it at 8：30
M: No, ③it's scheduled for 9：00 in the morning.
W: Good.③That gives me an hour to prepare after getting to the office.
(Text 4)
W: I like the scientist Edison because he brought so much to our life.
M: ④But I like Einstein.Do you know what made him famous
W: His theory of relativity in 1905.Did he get the Nobel Prize
M: Of course, he received the Prize in 1921.
(Text 5)
W: Did you want to become a scientist when you were young
M: No.⑤I became interested in insects only after I entered university.
W: Are you happy with the working conditions in this university
M: Yes.It provides me with excellent equipment and enough funding to do my work.
(Text 6)
W: ⑥⑦So what do you think you are going to do when you graduate, John
M: I'm not sure.My dad says I should work on information technology.I know something with computers.
W: Is that what your dad does
W: Is that what your dad does
M: Not really.He is an engineer.
W: ⑥How about you What are you interested in doing
M: Well, I'm interested in science.⑦I'd love to be a scientist.
(Text 7)
Hello, everybody！Today, we'll talk about a woman scientist named Hypatia.⑧Hypatia was born in Alexandria, Egypt, in 370 AD. For many centuries she was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books.Hypatia's father was a mathematician and she studied mathematics under the instruction of her father.After studying in Athens and Rome, Hypatia returned to Alexandria where she began teaching mathematics.She soon became famous for her knowledge and new ideas.⑨Although she was also a great mathematician, we have no copies of her books today.Hypatia was also interested in technology and invented several scientific tools to help with her work.At that time, many rulers were afraid of science, and anyone connected with it was in danger.One day in March in 415 AD, ⑩Hypatia was attacked in the street and was killed.
?加练新题型
再听第7段材料，判断下列各题的正(T)误(F)。
1．Hypatia was the only woman scientist to have a place in the history books for a long time. ( )
2．Hypatia studied mathematics in a university of Rome. ( )
3．Hypatia invented several scientific tools to help with her work. ( )
4．Hypatia died of a deadly disease. ( )
T
T
F
F
Ⅱ.根据情景补全对话
根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整。选项中有两项为多余选项。
W: 1
M: For most stars, we find its age from how big it is.We can know its size from the amount of light it puts out, and its color.Then the size tells us how long a star will live. 2
W: I've always wondered if there is an end in space. Do you think scientists have found the answer
M: This is a difficult question. The truth is that we have no idea! 3 But some scientists will come up with a way in the future.I have faith in it.
W: The last question is from our readers: 4
M: There are so many planets in the universe. 5 But will we ever find or research them I think that's very unlikely.
A．What's the matter
B．Do you believe there's other life in different parts of the universe
C．Big stars live a short life while small stars live much longer.
D．We currently don't have a way of testing it.
E．I've been wanting to see one for a long time.
F．How do you know how old a star is
G．Life may exist on other planets.
答案：1～5 FCDBG
写作项目——Write a plan for the school Science Festival
本单元的写作任务是为科学节制订一个计划，属于活动安排类应用文。写作时应交代清楚活动主题和活动安排，特别是有关活动内容及相关的时间、地点应详细叙述。
学常规写作范式
(一)提炼写作范式
(二)点拨写作要点
1．活动安排按照时间顺序进行描述，有代表性的活动应详细介绍，做到详略得当、主次分明；
2．各项活动涉及的时间、地点应一一交代清楚；
3．句式多用祈使句，表达应做到简洁明了；
4．时态以将来时为主，根据情况灵活使用现在时。
学课文亮点表达
?学语言运用
文章第一段的两句话中使用了三个描述性单词：amazing, excellent, creative，这些词的使用使得描写的对象更形象、更立体化。在写人叙事时，加入合适的描述性词语可以让人物更鲜活，事例更典型。下面从多角度来练习一下描述性词语的使用：
①The tramp, a________, __________man with a moustache, wore ________trousers, __________shoes and a ________________hat.(用下划线标出句中的描述性词语)
②Jane Goodall is worldwide known for her groundbreaking studies on primates.(翻译句子)
______________________________________________________________
poor
homeless
large
worn out
small round black
简·古道尔以她对灵长类动物的开创性研究而闻名于世。
③Ieoh Ming Pei, ___________________________________(伟大的现代主义建筑家之一), died on Thursday at the age of 102.He was _____________________
(第一位外国建筑家) to work on the Louvre in its long history, and ____________
(initial) his design was ___________(猛烈地) opposed.But in the end, the French — and everyone else — were won over.(根据提示完成片段写作)
?学修辞手法
文章第四段中的“who made their classroom look like a space station”使用了明喻的修辞手法。比喻的运用营造一种画面感，引发读者的阅读兴趣。试用比喻的修辞手法翻译下列句子：
one of the great modernist architects
the first foreign architect
initially
fiercely
①人们忙得像蜜蜂一样为节日做准备。
_____________________________________________________________
②中国人民像巨人一样站起来了。
_____________________________________
③我第一次读到一本好书时，就好像得到了一个新朋友。
________________________________________________________________________________________
People were as busy as bees, making preparations for the festival.
The Chinese people stood up like a giant.
The first time I read an excellent book, it is to me just as if I had gained a new friend.
积素材充盈写作“语料库”
(一)背写作词汇
1．organize v． 组织
2．improve v. 提高，改善
3．science building 科学楼
4．the school gym 校体育馆
5．school lecture hall 校报告厅
6．build up 增进，加强
7．kinds of/varieties of 各种各样的
8．with the aim of 目的是
9．be intended to 意图是
10．make a difference 起作用；产生影响
11．a good knowledge of 对……的全面了解
12．take an active part in 积极参加
13．be ready to/be prepared to 准备好
(二)背写作佳句
1．常用开头句
(1)With the aim of ..., our school is going to hold an activity ...
(2)The selection will take place at ...on ...
(3)As scheduled, the competition is to be held on ...
(4)In order to improve ..., ...is going to be held in ...from ...to ...
2．常用主体句
(1)There will be many activities such as ...
(2)First, the theme of the activity is to know more about ...
(3)The exam is to begin on the morning of March 27th.
(4)As is posted, the class begins at ... and ends at ... in ...
(5)Many photos will be taken as a memory of ...
(6)．.. will surely impress you ...
(7)You'll be deeply impressed by ...
(8)We will invite ... to give a lecture on/about ...
(9)The most amazing part of the festival is ...
(10)At about ..., we'll visit ...following a guide.
(11)During ..., the students will experience ...
(12)The visit will be over at ..., and then we'll return ...
(13)Last, everyone is called on to ...
写作专项提能训练
Ⅰ.基础写作
根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文
Dear David，
I'm glad to invite you to 1._______________________________________ (将要在我校举行的科技节) next Monday to enjoy the students' technology gadgets.
the Science Festival to be held in our school
The Science Festival 2.________________________________________ (被安排在操场举行) from 8：00 a．m. to 11：00 a．m., lasting three hours.Its purpose is 3.______________________________________ (鼓励我们学生创造性地思考) as well as share our works with others.At this festival, you can enjoy various gadgets 4.__________________________________ (它们在我们的现实生活中是很有用的). What's more, some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their technology gadgets and perform them on the spot, 5.______ __________________________________(我认为这将是最激动人心的部分)．
I would appreciate it if you could join in the coming Science Festival.Looking forward to your reply and your coming.
Yours，
Li Hua
is scheduled to take place on the playground
to encourage us students to think creatively
which are of great use in our daily life
which I
think will be the most exciting part
Ⅱ.读后续写(基础性)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为80左右。
A few years ago I worked in an international company that sold computer devices. I had to travel a lot over the country as a part of my work.I remember that I was at a stage of my life where I only cared about how to make more money.
On one of my trips, I came to the airport to take a bus to downtown, as usual.It was the same routine: get into the city, take the bus to the hotel, visit the customer, work late, take the bus back to the airport and fly back ...That day, for some reasons, I decided to take the stairs down to a different exit, where I came across a beautiful garden I had never seen before.I waited there, enjoying the scenery.Finally the bus came.
Usually I always took the seat behind the driver. That day I sat down somewhere in the middle. A boy was seated next to me, carrying a lot of suitcases.Suddenly, he turned to me and gave me one of the most sincere smiles I had ever seen from a stranger. Warmly, he said, “Hi, the perfect day in the perfect place, huh？”
I remember thinking to myself — this must be one of those typical people who is young and naive and just thinks everything is beautiful and easy.Why was he annoying me when I just wanted to enjoy the bus ride But out of politeness, I replied, “Perfect! Did your parents pay for you to have some vacations on the beach？” “No, I'm not here for vacation, and I don't have parents，” he shook his head.“I'm here because I want to achieve my biggest dream.I'm on the way to the army school where my grandfather studied a long time ago.”
“I lost my dad 10 years ago then my mom married again.My stepfather threw me out of the house.Since then, I've been living all over the country. I've met many people who were kind to me. And I've learnt a lot from life through these years，” he said softly. At that point I couldn't say a word. I felt the tears coming. Fortunately, he continued talking.
He smiled and told me that for 10 years, he had only one thing on his mind to join the army school like his grandfather.__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
He smiled and told me that for 10 years, he had only one thing on his mind to join the army school like his grandfather. “My grandpa was a general of the army. He left me this，” he said proudly.He showed me a golden knife and said this was the best memory of his childhood. “The only thing I know is that I will follow my dream and every day I will be happy.” Soon, the bus reached his stop, he stood up, took all his suitcases, and said goodbye with a big smile. From that day on, I always try to do everything with my best smile on my face.
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共42张PPT)
Project & Assessment & Further study—实践·注重应用评价
对接“单元活动”——让活动有效开展
本课时要求结合所学语言知识和文化知识，以小组合作的形式，完成以“一位改变世界的科学家”为主题的生平介绍。学生可通过小组讨论，在明确具体任务要求的基础上，就所选定的科学家的个人基本信息、突出成就、影响力、有趣的事实等方面收集、汇总并整理信息，然后用英语对该科学家进行介绍。
[活动“助手”]
讨论伟大科学家的常用佳句：
1．Majoring in medical science, he graduated from Sun Yat Sen University with a bachelor's degree in 1989 and four years later, he went abroad for further studies.
他主修医学，1989年毕业于中山大学并获得学士学位。四年后，他出国深造。
2．Born in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province in December 1930, Tu Youyou showed a strong interest in medicine while she was young.
屠呦呦1930年12月出生于浙江省宁波市，年轻时就对医学表现出了浓厚的兴趣。
3．During all her life, she worked very hard and discovered the element radium. She received the Nobel Prizes in 1903 and in 1911.
在她的一生中，她努力工作，发现了元素镭。她分别于1903年和1911年获得了诺贝尔奖。
4．He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his scientific achievements.
他因在呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾科学方面的成就被授予诺贝尔化学奖。
5．Despite severe disability, he faced life bravely, making great achievements in physics and astronomy, which contribute greatly to the development of society.
尽管严重残疾，但他勇敢地面对生活，在物理和天文学方面取得了巨大的成就，这极大地促进了社会的发展。
6．He was an outstanding scientist, whose courage, talent and humour inspire people all over the world.
他是一位杰出的科学家，他的勇气、才华和幽默激励着全世界的人。
[活动任务]
假定你是李华，你校英语报正在征稿介绍一位改变世界的科学家，请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文介绍霍金并投稿。
1．他于1942年1月8日出生在英国，从小就对科学感兴趣；
2．他毕业于牛津大学(University of Oxford)，在剑桥大学(University of Cambridge)获得博士学位并留校做教学研究工作；
3．他有很多著作，其中包括《时间简史》(A Brief History of Time)，《果壳中的宇宙》(The Universe in a Nutshell)，《大设计》(The Grand Design)等。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．尽量使用到[活动“助手”]中的表达。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Stephen Hawking was one of the greatest scientists with international fame.He was born on 8 January, 1942 in the UK.Stephen Hawking showed great interest in science as a child.He graduated from the University of Oxford, and got his doctor's degree in the University of Cambridge, where he worked as a professor and did some research, making great achievements.
He published many books, among which A Brief History of Time, The Universe in a Nutshell, The Grand Design are very famous.
Stephen Hawking was an outstanding man, whose courage, talent and humour inspire people all over the world.
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How long does it take the man to drive from his house to the university during rush hour
A．25 minutes. B．40 minutes. C．50 minutes.
2．Where are the speakers
A．At home. B．In a museum.
C．In the city square.
3．How much should the man pay
A．$15. B．$24. C．$30.
4．Who does the wallet belong to
A．Mrs Johnson. B．Bill.
C．Mr Miller.
5．What do we know about Frank
A．He likes staying indoors.
B．He plans to join a camp.
C．He likes outdoor adventure activities.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What is Jane busy doing
A．Preparing for her exam.
B．Planning a trip.
C．Looking for a hotel.
7．What does Jane think of camping in Mount Wuyi
A．It's cheap. B．It's close to nature.
C．It's unsafe.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What are the two speakers talking about
A．Beautiful subways in the world.
B．Public transportation in Shanghai.
C．The woman's travel experiences.
9．When did the woman go to Shanghai
A．Two days ago. B．Last week.
C．Last month.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why did the man go to Africa
A．To provide medical care.
B．To operate on his brother.
C．To have fun.
11．What does the woman want the man to do
A．Do some volunteer work.
B．Recommend her to Arthur.
C．Share his experience.
12．What is the woman
A．A doctor. B．A patient. C．A journalist.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What does the woman suggest at first
A．Contact Jeremy.
B．Search on the phone.
C．Ask a passer by.
14．Why does the woman plan to go to the service area
A．To refuel the car.
B．To find out where they are.
C．To have a rest.
15．What is the probably relationship between the two speakers
A．Teacher and student.
B．Driver and passenger.
C．Husband and wife.
16．How long have the speakers been late so far
A．Thirty minutes.
B．Two hours.
C．Two and a half hours.
听第10段材料， 回答第17至20题。
17．Where can students find information about the week's activities
A．In the library.
B．In the dining hall.
C．Outside the classroom.
18．Who will invite the selected student to practise for the show
A．Mr Smith. B．Mr West. C．Mrs Gill.
19．When will the talent show be held
A．On September 21.
B．On October 12.
C．On October 18.
20．What did they buy with the money raised last year
A．A sofa. B．Books. C．Food.
答案：1～5 CBCCA 6～10 ACACA
11～15 CAABC 16～20 ACBCA
附：听力材料
(Text 1)
W: How far do you live from the university, John
M: ①It takes about 25 minutes to drive.But during rush hour, it will take twice the time.
(Text 2)
W: ②Why not enjoy such a beautiful day outside
M: ②Well, it was you who wanted to spend the day in a museum.
W: Shall we leave now and take a walk outside in the city square
(Text 3)
M: We want to take a train to New York.How much do I have to pay for the express train
W: First class is $24, and ③second class is $15.
M: ③We'd like two second class tickets.
(Text 4)
M: Mrs Johnson, I found this wallet in the school's parking area.
W: Good boy, Bill.Let's see whose it is.There's a $50 note, no coins, and look — there's a driving license and an ID card.④Ah! It's Mr Miller's.
(Text 5)
W: Look! There's a camp designed for those aged 13 to 19 to have outdoor adventure activities.
M: ⑤I think Frank can go to it.He spends too much time indoors.
W: That's exactly what I was thinking about.
(Text 6)
M: Hello, Jane! Long time no see.
W: Hi, Tom! ⑥I am busy with my final exam.
M: I see.It's normal that we are busy at the end of the term.By the way, do you have any plans for the summer holiday
W: Yes.I'd like to travel to Mount Wuyi.But I'm afraid the hotels will be very expensive.
M: What about camping there
W: Camping I've never thought about that.
M: Oh, you will like it.It's cheaper, and closer to nature.
W: ⑦But it's not safe enough, I think.
(Text 7)
M: Jane, have you ridden the subway
W: Yes, I go to work by underground every day.
M: ⑧On the Internet, there are 9 most beautiful subways in the world.
W: Is the Shanghai Bund Tourist Tunnel included in it
M: Yes, have you been there
W: ⑨Yes, I went to Shanghai last month.The Bund Tourist Tunnel connects two best attractions of Shanghai: the Bund and Lujiazui.The tunnel itself is like a light show.You will see the flashing lights, colorful lines and circling images projected onto the real walls.
M: Yes, it is so magical!
W: Can you show me other subways
M: Of course, they are so fascinating.
(Text 8)
W: Hi, Harry! Welcome back.I heard you traveled to Africa.Did you have a good time
M: I didn't go there for fun.You remember my brother Arthur, also a doctor
W: I remember.
M: ⑩He works in Doctors Without Borders, a non profit organization, and he persuaded me to join him to work in Africa for a while.
W: Oh really What an experience! You must share with me what you have been through these days.
M: Why don't you have a try as a volunteer yourself I think we all need to do something.
W: You are right. But our hospital is really short handed these days. I don't think I will be allowed to take a leave.
(Text 9)
W: How about calling Jeremy now？We've been circling for twenty minutes.
M: It would be embarrassing to call and ask how to reach a friend's home.Maybe I should search on the phone first.You can look at this map, too.
W: OK.Anyway, I'm the driver. I'll stop and ask a passer by where we're now.
M: But this is a highway, you can't just get out of the car to ask.
W: Of course, I know. That's why I'm going to a service area.
M: And refuel the car.Kill two birds with one stone.
W: This oil meter tells me the tank is full.See, I'm smarter than you.
M: Well, but at school I got straight A's while you only got B's.
W: I'm not jealous at all.Could you tell me what time it is now
M: Oh, my goodness！ It's already 10：00.And we were supposed to arrive at 9：30.I don't think we can meet Jeremy even at 12：00.
(Text 10)
Good morning, Hillwood High. This is Principal Smith. This week promises to be a busy one for us, so pay attention to the posters outside your classroom.I'm happy to announce that selections for the talent show will be at the end of next week, on September 21 and 22.This is your chance to show off your music, comedy or magic talent.You can sign up for one of the performance times this week in the dining hall.If you're chosen, Mr West will invite you to practise on October 12. The talent show will be on Wednesday night, on October 18.And remember, this show usually helps us raise money for the senior class's gift to the school.Last year, we raised enough for a sofa for the reading area in our library.Speaking of the library, Reasor's Grocery will give a dollar for every book read — fifty cents to the school and fifty cents to the students. See Mrs Gill in the library for more information.We've got a lot going on, don't we
W: Hi, Tom! What are you doing
M: Hello! 1._______________________________ (我正在读一本关于发明的书)．
W: Great! Tom，can you name some foreign inventors
M: I know Thomas Edison.
W: Do you know what he invented
M: He invented lamps 2.___________________________________ (为整个世界带来了光明)．
W: Do you know what else he invented
M: For example, telegraphic machine, gramophone, telephone.
I'm reading a book about inventions
which bring light to the whole world
W: Wow! 3.______________ (他真伟大)! By the way, among Edison's inventions, which one do you like
M: 4._________________________ (我喜欢他发明的电影). People can lively appear in the screen.What about you
W: I like his electric bulb. 5._____________ (它太有用了). Can you imagine how colorful our night life is with it
M: You are right.
How great he is
I like films that he invented
It's so useful
1．Do you know who the man is in the above pictures
_________________________________________________
The famous scientist and educator Huang Danian.
2．What do you know about him
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To pursue his value of life, Huang Danian gave up his well paid job in Britain and returned to China when his country needed him.As a professor, he tried to analyse and meet his students' distinct needs.As a researcher, he committed himself to developing many devices needed for deep earth exploration. No wonder people conclude that he was a scientist and educator who is worth our admiration.
Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their search for the truth.
Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but that didn't stop him from doing some pretty stupid things.In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments.Once, while testing how light passes through lenses (晶状体), he put a long needle into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen.Luckily, nothing long lasting did.On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight.Again he escaped suffering permanent damage, though he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.
In the 1750s the Swedish chemist Karl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus (磷). He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine (氯), though he didn't get any praise for them.He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting a little of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have been responsible for his death.
Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist.He spent a large part of his life studying craters on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter.In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth.While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot.Some of his ashes (骨灰) were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left there — he is the only person who has had this honor.
Questions：
1．What does the underlined word “permanent” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Brief. B．Slight.
C．Lasting. D．Ordinary.
答案：C
2．The text is mainly about three great scientists' .
A．special honors
B．great achievements
C．famous experiments
D．suffering in their research
答案：D
3．What did Karl Scheele like doing when performing experiments
__________________
4．What special honor was Shoemaker given after his death
________________________________________
Tasting chemicals.
Some of his ashes were placed on the moon.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The most important change in a person's life is the change of his or her attitude.Right attitudes produce right actions.Have you ever met someone who gave you a different view of life
On a Sunday morning, I saw something very interesting as I went to the greengrocer's.To get there, I had to cross a bridge over railway tracks.The bridge was pretty high.A steep set of steps had to be climbed; then the bridge flattened out (变平), followed by coming down another set of steps.On my way back from the greengrocer's, I saw an elderly gentleman running up the steps.After watching him run up the steps so fast, I thought that he must be in a rush.
Before I knew it, he had crossed the bridge, and then he ran back to where he started.To my surprise, he did not stop.He turned around, and then went up and down the bridge again.He was not struggling, and seemed to enjoy going up and down the bridge.Being a fitness fanatic (热衷于健美的人) myself, I admired his ability to cross the bridge so quickly.My curiosity got the better of me, and I came up to him to have a chat with him.
“Excuse me, sir.Are you training for an event？” I asked.
He stopped and smiled，“No, not training for an event.Well, I am training for life，”he said with a broad smile on his face as sweat rolled down his cheeks.
I told him that I had been looking for a role model of fitness, and that I hoped to be as strong as he is when I get to his age.He said that everyone has a choice about what they do with their life.“I am not different，” he added.With much admiration, I asked，“What drives you to maintain good health？”
Then he told me the accident he met when he was young.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph 1：
“I used to be a cyclist，” he said. _________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again.____________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
“I used to be a cyclist，” he said.“Competing in cycling events is what I loved and enjoyed.”Then he told me why he stopped cycling.While cycling one day, he was hit by a car.The doctor told him that he might never walk again.He refused to believe that.So, he was determined not to let the accident prevent him from walking again.
Paragraph 2：
His great determination paid off, and he was able to walk again.His love for life and fitness is what makes him cross the bridge many times.Moved by his story, I told him that it was an honour to meet a role model like him and that I wanted to make friends with him.He agreed happily. I shook his hand, thanked him for having a chat with me, and let him continue with his exercise. As I walked away, my admiration for him grew even more because of his attitude to life.
“单元验收评价（一）单元语基温故”
(单击进入电子文档)
“单元验收评价（二） 仿真高考检测”
(单击进入电子文档)(共73张PPT)
Reading—读思·发展思维品质
5．extract n. 提取物；选录
vt. 提取；选录；取出；设法得到
6．herb n. 药草，香草；草本
7．data n. 数据，资料，材料
8．error n. 错误，差错
9．illustrate vt. 说明，解释；加插图于
二、背重点单词——写对才行
1．___________ n. 实验，试验；尝试，实践
vi. 做实验，进行实验；尝试
2．_____ n. 试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验
vi.& vt. 测试，试验
3．__________ adj. 家庭的，家用的，家务的
n. 一家人，家庭
4．__________ vt. 延迟，延期
5．__________ adj. 足够的，充足的
6．_________ vt.& vi. 组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
experiment
trial
household
postpone
sufficient
conduct
三、背拓展单词——活用才行
1．__________ n．生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→survive v．幸存，存活 →survivor n．幸存者
2．_________ vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指→intention n．意图，目的
3．__________ adj.有限的→limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limitation n．范围；限制
4．_____________ n．容器；集装箱，货柜→contain v．包含；含有；容纳
5．________ n．智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智→wise adj.聪明的，有智慧的，明智的→wisely adv.聪明地，明智地
6．_________ adj.有益的，有用的→benefit v．受益，得益；有益于
survival
intend
limited
container
wisdom
beneficial
四、背短语、词块——多积更行
1．__________________ ……的发现
2．_____________ ……的机会
3．______________ 打算做……，想要做……
4．____________ 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
5．__________ 成功，奏效，达到目的
6．______________ 对……有益，有益于……
7．________________ 因……而获奖
the discovery of
the chance of
intend to do ...
refer to
pay off
be beneficial to
be awarded for
8．____________ 由于，因为，幸亏
9．_________________ 对……的了解
10．____________ 日日夜夜，夜以继日
11．___________ 放弃
12．_____________ (使)加速
13．_____________________ 反复试验
14．____________ 利用，动用
thanks to
a knowledge of
day and night
give up
speed up
through trial and error
draw on
五、背重点句式——不背不行
1.
悟原句 Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955.(过去分词短语作状语)
1930年，屠呦呦出生于浙江宁波。1951年至1955年，屠呦呦在北京读大学，学习药学。
写佳句 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)________________________________, the show is committed to enhancing students' understanding of domestic and international affairs.
该节目定于下周五举行，旨在增进学生对国内和国际事务的了解。
Scheduled to be held next Friday
悟原句 However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.(It is＋adj.＋to do ...)
然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。
写佳句 ______________________a healthy and balanced diet.保持健康均衡的饮食很重要。
2.
It is important to keep
悟原句 Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem.(with复合结构)
然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。
写佳句 (2022·全国甲卷)_______________________________________________
________, more and more people have been aware of the importance of protecting oceans.
随着全球气候问题日益严重，越来越多的人意识到保护海洋的重要性。
3.
With the global climate problem becoming increasingly
serious
悟原句 The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data.(be likely to ...)
由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会推迟。
写佳句 If you study hard, you ____________________________your dream university.
如果你努力学习，你就有可能考入理想的大学。
4.
are likely to be admitted to
第一遍 泛读通文意
Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
By Dina Conner
11 December 2015
Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival.
Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After graduation, she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, acquiring a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.
Tu's education was soon to prove very useful.In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs.When they failed to produce any promising results, Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.Inspired by an over 1,600 year old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.
However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the problem.When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers.They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up.
Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem. The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972, through trial and error, they successfully discovered qinghaosu — the most effective part of the qinghao extract. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. More than 40 years after its discovery, Tu was eventually awarded a Nobel Prize for her work.In her Nobel Lecture, she encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.
[参考译文]
中国科学家荣获2015年诺贝尔奖
迪娜·康纳
2015年12月11日
屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她为抗击疟疾所做出的贡献——疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。得益于她发现的青蒿素，如今全世界疟疾患者的存活率大大提高。
[句式释解]
句 此句是简单句。不定式短语to receive a Nobel Prize作the first female scientist的后置定语；过去分词短语awarded for ...malaria作伴随状语；one of the ...history作malaria的同位语。
1930年，屠呦呦出生于浙江宁波。1951年至1955年，屠呦呦在北京读大学，学习药学。毕业后，她在中医研究院工作。她完成了中医领域的培训课程深造，获得了广泛的中西医知识。
[句式释解]
句 Born in 1930 ... Province为过去分词短语作状语。
句 acquiring ... medicine为现在分词短语作结果状语。
屠呦呦接受的教育很快被证明非常有用。20世纪60年代，许多人死于疟疾，于是1969年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组组长。她收集了2 000多种治疗疟疾的中药配方，并从不同的草药中获取了数百种提取物。当这些未能取得任何有希望的效果时，屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。在一本1 600多年前的典籍中，关于用冷水制备青蒿提取物的记载给了屠呦呦启发，她重新设计了试验，并尝试在低温下对这种草药进行提取，以不损害其有效成分。1971年10月4日，在历经190次失败之后，她成功制备出可以治疗老鼠疟疾的青蒿提取物。
[句式释解]
句 that引导定语从句，修饰先行词qinghao extract，在从句中作主语。
然而，由于研究资源有限，很难制造出足够的青蒿提取物用于大规模试验。屠呦呦团队成功找到了解决这个问题的方法。当时没有研究设备，他们只能用家用储水的容器来提取草药。他们夜以继日地工作，由于条件恶劣，他们的健康开始受损，但却从未放弃。
[句式释解]
句 it作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正主语。
然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会推迟。为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
[句式释解]
句 be likely to ...句型，意为“可能会……”。
句 To speed up ... safety为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。1972年11月，经过反复试验，他们成功发现了青蒿素——青蒿提取物中最有效的成分。作为许多抗疟药物中的关键成分，青蒿素迄今已经造福了近2亿疟疾患者。在发现青蒿素40多年后，屠呦呦终于因此获得了诺贝尔奖。在她的获奖演讲上，屠呦呦鼓励科学家们进一步探索中医这座宝库，并让其更上一层楼。也许新一代的科学家汲取中医的智慧，确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。
[句式释解]
句 本句使用了现在完成时，表示“从那以后到现在已有2亿疟疾患者受益”。
What's the main idea of the text
A．The Nobel Prize in 2015.
B．Malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in history.
C．The efforts of Tu Youyou and her team.
D．Tu Youyou's contribution to the fight against malaria.
答案：D
What can we conclude from this paragraph
A．Malaria broke out many times in China.
B．Tu Youyou was the first winner of the Nobel Prize.
C．Malaria is a worldwide spreading disease.
D．The discovery of qinghaosu can thoroughly cure patients of malaria.
答案：C
英文报刊上新闻报道的标题通常用现在时态，从形式上增强报道的新鲜感、现实感；语言通常具有用词精准、主题明确、简明扼要等特征。试体会下面标题：
Olympics Begin in Style; Swimmer Takes 1st Gold
奥运盛装开幕；泳将喜夺首金
(1)Where did Tu Youyou study Western medicine
____________________________________________________
(2)How old was Tu Youyou when she began her job
___________
At the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
25.
(1)What inspired Tu Youyou to extract qinghaosu correctly
_______________________________________
(2)Why was it difficult to produce enough qinghao extract
___________________________________
(3)How did they speed up the process and ensure its safety
_________________________________________
An over 1,600 year old text.
Because of limited research resources.
By testing qinghao extract on themselves first.
(1)第三至五段主要介绍了屠呦呦带领团队发现并提取青蒿素的过程。语篇内容客观、准确，并使用具体数据说明了屠呦呦及其团队科学研究过程的艰辛。第15行的“Tu's education was soon to prove very useful.”起到承上(教育)启下(理论用于实践)的作用，使文章脉络清晰连贯。试翻译下面的过渡句：
As to a healthy diet, different people have different opinions.
______________________________________________
至于健康饮食，不同的人持有不同的观点。
(2)第38行中的Even强调了句中的让步状语，与39行中的another一起描写了屠呦呦团队在研究过程中虽然遇到了许多困难，但他们不畏艰难，勇于挑战，且与上文中的“never gave up”相呼应。试翻译下列句子：
①这种机器人即使在水下也能正常工作。
_______________________________________________________
②这个勇敢的女孩又尝试了一次，并成功通过了测试。
_____________________________________________________________
This kind of robot can function/work even under the water.
The brave girl had another try and succeeded in passing the test.
(1)What can we infer from Paragraph 6
A．Qinghaosu is effective.
B．The Nobel Prize came late.
C．Traditional Chinese medicine is broad and profound (博大精深)．
D．Millions of people have been cured of malaria since 1972.
答案：C
(2)Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False(F)．
①Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize as soon as she found the cure for malaria. ( )
②Only qinghaosu can cure malaria. ( )
③We have a long way to go in the study of traditional Chinese medicine. ( )
F
F
T
(1)本文注重通过描述人物的具体事迹来刻画人物形象。最后一段间接引用了屠呦呦的获奖演说，讲述发现青蒿素对向世界传播传统中医药的积极影响，升华了主题。第45行中的finally和第51行中的eventually形象地说明了提取青蒿素的艰辛，同时刻画出了屠呦呦及其团队坚持不懈、迎难而上的科学精神，并阐明了一个道理：有志者，事竟成。
(2)第47行中的破折号在此起补充说明的作用。破折号的用法主要有：解释说明、补充、强调、语义的转折、递进、中断、延长、总结等。试写出下列句子中破折号的作用：
①Give your secretary what she needs — pencil, paper and a good typewriter.
____________
②The only person that he admires is — Tom. ________
③He is the exact person — the person that I respect. _______
④English, Chinese and math — all these are the subjects that he should study. __________
解释说明
强调
递进
总结
本语篇的文本类型是人物报道，内容围绕中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家屠呦呦展开。 本文具有新闻体裁的特点。第一是具备新闻导语言简意赅的特点，通过阅读新闻导语可准确把握文章的核心信息；第二是文章中段与段之间过渡句的使用很好地让全文形成了一个整体；第三是运用了下定义的手法：用通俗的语言给复杂的专有名词作出清晰的解释，比如本文中对于“疟疾”“青蒿素”等医学名词的定义就是典型的例子。
阅读技巧：在一些科普类、社科类及与专业内容相关的文章中，作者有时会通过给某些词汇下定义来帮助读者理解词义，常使用的信号词语有：i.e., is, are, is/are called, mean, refer to, known as等。识别这一写作手法有助于我们对文意的理解以及一些词义猜测题的解答。
本文介绍了屠呦呦及其团队发现青蒿素的过程，重点介绍了他们的不懈努力，以及从传统中医药学中所汲取的智慧。语篇向读者传递了两重深层含义：第一是中国的传统中医药学是个巨大的宝库，如果善加利用，可以对人类健康事业做出巨大的贡献；第二是以屠呦呦为杰出代表的科学家们所体现出来的坚韧不拔的意志、无私奉献的品质，是值得我们敬佩和学习的。阅读下列句子，进一步领会这两重内涵：
1．Nowadays, traditional Chinese medicine is becoming more and more popular around the world.
如今，传统中医药在全世界越来越受欢迎。
2．Tu Youyou addressed the world: traditional Chinese medicine is a vast treasure house, so we really ought to fully explore and improve.
屠呦呦面向全世界发表了讲话：传统中医药学是一个巨大宝库，我们应当努力发掘，加以提高。
3．Scientists must have patience to undergo the years of work that might be required to make a new discovery in a scientific field.
科学家必须要有耐心，才能承受多年的辛苦工作以获取科学领域的一项新发现。
第一板块 单词和短语——点点清
1．... and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.
……于是1969年屠呦呦担任了一个旨在找到疟疾疗法的小组组长。
★intend vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指
[用法感知]
①I intend to take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.
我想借此机会谈谈我是如何在互联网上学习英语的。
②China will launch several cooperation projects with other developing countries intended for climate change.
中国将与其他发展中国家开展多个应对气候变化的合作项目。
归纳点拨 (1)intend doing/to do sth. 打算做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事
(2)be intended for ... 专为……而设计；
专供……使用的
be intended to do ... 打算做……
(3)intention n. 意图，目的，打算
with an/the intention of ... 打算……
名师点津 had intended to do sth.＝ intended to have done sth.，都表示“本打算做某事(但没有做)”。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③Last weekend, our class took part in a picking activity, which _____________(intend) for experiencing the joy of doing farm work in person.
④I had no intention _______becoming an artist when I was young.
⑤They intended a large sum of money ________the development of the tourist industry.
⑥The activity is intended ____________(expose) students to a wide range of English reading materials.
is intended
of
for
to expose
(2)句型转换
⑦He apologizes for his comments and says he didn't intend offending the community.
→He apologizes for his comments and says he ___________________offending the community.
⑧They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by the traffic jams.
→They ________________________into the country for the day, but were put off by the traffic jams.
had no intention of
intended to have gone
2．...Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again.
……屠呦呦就再次查阅中医典籍。
★refer to查阅，参考；提到，谈及
[用法感知]
①If you don't know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary.
如果你不知道这个单词的确切含义，你可以查查字典。
②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are preparing for a test.
当你备考时，你的笔记是很好的参考材料。
归纳点拨 (1)refer sb.to ... 把某人推荐给……
refer to ...as ... 把……称为……
(2)reference n. 提到；查阅；参考书目；
推荐信；介绍人
in/with reference to 关于
without reference to sth. 没有参考某物
名师点津 “查词典”可表达为：refer to the dictionary; consult the dictionary; look up a word in the dictionary; search through a dictionary等。
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
③The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ____________(refer) to his notes.
④People who work in offices are usually referred to ____“white collar workers”．
⑤As the situation was unusual, he referred the matter ____the editor.
reference
as
to
(2)完成句子
⑥The fighters ______________________________during the Long March.
那些战士提到他们在长征中的经历。
⑦People ________________one of the most beautiful villages of China.
人们把它称为中国最美乡村之一。
⑧I have nothing to say__________________________.
关于那次事件，我无可奉告。
referred to their experiences
refer to it as
in reference to that incident
3．The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data.
由于没有足够的安全数据，对患者的试验可能会推迟。
★postpone vt.延迟，延期
[用法感知]
①The military training for the freshmen in the new term was postponed until/to the next Sunday.
新学期的新生军训被推迟到了下个周日。
②I'm sorry to say that I have to postpone going to the bookstore with you.
很抱歉，我不得不推迟和你去书店的时间。
归纳点拨 postpone ...to/till/until ... 把……推迟到……
postpone doing sth. 推迟做某事
名师点津 postpone后可接名词、代词和动名词作宾语，但不接不定式作宾语。
[应用融会]
(1)词汇复现(替换加黑词汇)
③It rained and therefore the football match was put off. _____________
(2)完成句子
④Let's __________________________until we have more information.
我们等有更多信息之后再做决定吧。
⑤The match _____________________________the following Saturday because of the bad weather.
比赛因天气不好而延期到下周六。
postponed
postpone making a decision
was postponed to/till/until
4．To speed up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
为了加快进度并保证其安全性，屠呦呦和她的团队自愿先在他们自己身上试验青蒿提取物。
★speed up(使)加速
[用法感知]
①(以文化人助写作)Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到目标。
归纳点拨 (1)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at a speed of ... 以……速度
(2)reduce speed ＝ slow down 减速
pick up speed 逐渐加速
联想发散 常见的“动词＋up”的短语：
hold up 举起；耽搁；延迟
keep up 保持；维持
set up 建造；创立
bring up 教育；培养
build up 逐步建立
turn up 出现；露面
clear up 整理；收拾；(天空)放晴
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
②They are broadening the bridge ___________(speed) up the flow of traffic.
③After driving _____top speed, he arrived half an hour earlier.
④Modern inventions ______________________________amazingly.
现代发明大大加快了人们的生活。
to speed
at
have speeded up people's lives
5．The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.
屠呦呦团队的努力最终得到了回报。
★pay off成功，奏效，达到目的；付清，偿清
[用法感知]
①When I passed the exams of all the subjects I did feel that my efforts paid off.
当我顺利地完成了所有科目考试的时候，我的确感到自己的努力得到了回报。
[归纳点拨]
pay for ... 为……付款；为……付出代价
pay sb.for sth. 因某事/物给某人报酬
pay back 偿还(欠款)；回报；报复
[应用融会] (单句语法填空/完成句子)
②The athlete's years of hard training paid ____when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
③That I can pay _________the help people give me makes me happy.
④I'd also like to know how much I have to pay ______the course and whether accommodation is included.
⑤What made him happy was that after all these years he at last _____________
______.
使他高兴的是经过这些年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。
off
back
for
paid off all his
debts
6．Perhaps the next generation of scientists ...will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care.
也许新一代的科学家……确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。
★beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
[用法感知]
①(2021·全国乙卷)Hopefully my suggestion can be beneficial to you.
希望我的建议能对你有用。
②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The race was of great benefit to the participants, physically and mentally.
这次比赛对参加者的身体和精神都有很大的好处。
③If I am lucky enough to be elected, I will make every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club.
如果我有幸当选，我会尽一切努力为同学们和我们的俱乐部的利益服务。
(1)be beneficial to ...＝ be of benefit to ... 对……有益
(2)benefit v. 有利于，对……有益
n. 益处，好处
benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于
for the benefit of sb.＝ for one's benefit 为了某人的利益
bring benefit to 给……带来好处，有益于
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空/完成句子
④Many of the things we now benefit _________would not be around but for him.
⑤China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _______the benefit of all its citizens.
⑥Anger is rarely looked upon as a ___________(benefit) character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
⑦Doing morning exercises ______________your health.
做早操对你的健康有益。
(2)词汇升级
⑧This new English Chinese dictionary will be very useful to your English learning. _____________
from/by
for
beneficial
is beneficial to
beneficial
第二板块 句式和语法——句句通
1. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955.
1930年，屠呦呦出生于浙江宁波。1951年至1955年，屠呦呦在北京读大学，学习药学。
[温故已学语法]
Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province为过去分词短语，在句中作状语。
(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；
(2)过去分词的逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致；
(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。
[强化小练] (单句语法填空/句式升级)
①__________ (locate) on Yangtze River, this beautiful old city has become a popular tourist attraction now.
②Because I was worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of diets.
→______________________, I tried many different kinds of diets.
③Once it is published, this book will be popular with the students.
→_______________, this book will be popular with the students.
Located
Worried about my health
Once published
2. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem.
然而，即使制造了大量的青蒿提取物，他们仍然面临着另外一个问题。
with large amounts of qinghao extract produced为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。该结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。常见的with复合结构：
with＋宾语＋宾补
[归纳点拨]
[应用融会]
(1)单句语法填空
①With a guide __________(show) us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time.
②With several problems __________(remain) to be solved, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
③With more and more forests __________(damage), some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
to show
remaining
damaged
(2)完成句子
④(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)______________________________ to leave home and the old at risk of isolation, more families are choosing to live together.
由于年轻人离不开家，老年人独自居住又孤独，所以更多家庭选择住在一起。
⑤Last year was the warmest year on record, ______________________________
_________________.
去年是有史以来最暖和的一年，全球温度比平均值高出0.68摄氏度。
With the young unable to afford
with global temperature 0.68℃
above the average
(3)句式升级(用with复合结构)
⑥The girl came in and there were tears in her eyes.
→The girl came in _____________________.
⑦As they have lots of difficult problems to settle, the bosses have no time to go on a holiday.
→____________________________________________, the bosses have no time to go on a holiday.
with tears in her eyes
With lots of difficult problems to settle
第三板块 拓展语言技能——握规律
文中出现了派生词wisdom, effectiveness, survival, appearance, failure, shortage等，这些词的词根分别是wise, effect, survive, appear, fail, short。
1．后缀 dom, ness常放在形容词之后，构成名词，表示某种条件、状态或状况。 例如：
free→freedom n． 自由
happy→happiness n. 幸福
2．后缀 al, ance, ure常放在动词之后，构成名词。例如：
arrive→arrival n． 到达
perform→performance n. 表演
please→pleasure n. 高兴
3．后缀 age常放在形容词、动词之后，构成名词。例如：
marry→marriage n． 结婚
[对点训练] (写出下列单词的名词形式)
①refuse→__________ ②bore→____________
③kind→_________ ④propose→___________
⑤annoy→____________ ⑥remove→_____________
⑦use→_________ ⑧expose→____________
refusal
boredom
kindness
proposal
annoyance
removal
usage
exposure
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Officials claim that the outbreak of the ________(致命的) disease has been contained.
2．If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of
__________(生存)．
3．Chinese people are creative and passionate, creating their wonderful future with _________ (智慧) and diligence.
4．A __________(宽阔的) valley opened up leading to a high, flat plateau of cultivated land.
deadly
survival
wisdom
broad
5．Is he good at gardening We might ____________(做试验) with him.
6．By the end of 2023, every ___________(家庭) is well provided for.
7．The old _____________(容器) dates back to the Han Dynasty and is of great value for research.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The __________(intend) of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
2．___________ (inspire) by the famous scientist's inspiring speech, he made up his mind to devote himself to space exploration.
experiment
household
container
intention
Inspired
3．It was an unpopular decision to postpone __________(build) the new hospital.
4．____________ (eventual) your child will leave home to lead his/her own life as a fully independent adult.
5．This new policy will be greatly ___________(benefit) to the farmers.
6．They haven't found a more _____________(effect) way to produce products of high quality.
refer to， set a limit to， pay off， a good knowledge of， speed up， be beneficial to
Ⅲ.选词填空
building
Eventually
beneficial
effective
1．I had already taken steps to ___________a solution to the problem.
2．When giving the lecture, he ______________his note from time to time.
3．I also hope that the great effort I am making will_________.
4．As we all know, reading a lot ______________improving our English.
5．In my opinion, you had better _____________the expense of your trip.
6．You should have _______________________the old town, since you've lived here for almost 2 years.
speed up
referred to
pay off
is beneficial to
set a limit to
a good knowledge of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．That means the price __________________because of the competition.
那意味着，因为竞争价格可能会降下来。
2．They _______________________to go swimming, but had to cancel it because of the bad weather.
他们本来打算去游泳的，但因为天气不好不得不取消了。
3．_________________ so much work in such a short time.
在这么短的时间里很难完成这么多的工作。
4．_____________________________, I felt colder and colder.
因为风一直吹，我感觉越来越冷了。
is likely to go down
intended to have gone out
It is hard to finish
With the wind keeping blowing
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Because of her contribution to the fight against malaria, Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People's Republic of China 1.___________ (receive) a Nobel Prize.
Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu 2.________ (study) medicine at university in Beijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.In 1969 she became head of a team that intended to find a cure 3._____ malaria.4._________ (inspire) by an over 1,600 year old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, she tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its 5.__________ (effect) part.She finally succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.6.____________, the trials on patients were likely to 7.______________ (postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data.To speed up the process and ensure its 8.________ (safe), Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.
to receive
studied
for
Inspired
effective
However
be postponed
safety
The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off.In November 1972, they successfully discovered the most effective part of 9.______ extract and named it qinghaosu, 10.________ is now a key part of many malaria medicines.Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a higher level.
the
which
“课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（一）”
(单击进入电子文档)(共15张PPT)
Welcome to the unit—开篇·把握单元目标
单元素养解读
一、语言能力
听 1.借助课文录音，有选择、有重点地记录关键信息；
2.根据说话者的重音、语气和语调理解语义。
说 1.能就单元话题“科学家、科学发现和科学精神”与同伴交流讨论；
2.能向同伴简要介绍自己喜欢的科学家。
读 1.能抓住新闻语篇中的主要内容和关键细节；
2.能把握人物介绍类语篇的结构及语言特征。
写 1.能借助所给提示，采用得体语言完成校园科学节方案的设计任务；
2.能合理布局，条理清晰地完成有关科学家介绍的事实档案。
看 在观看介绍科学家生平视频的过程中，能提取关键信息点。
二、文化意识
1．了解我国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家屠呦呦的生平和她发现青蒿素的主要研究过程，分析和探讨屠呦呦获奖的原因，理解我国传统中医药对人类健康和世界发展的贡献；
2．了解国内外取得重大成就的人物及其经历、贡献等，探讨这些人物的共同品质，深入理解“伟大”的含义；
3．认识科学技术的两面性。
三、思维品质
1．能够主动收集、整合、总结人物信息和人物经历，分析其获得成功的原因，归纳杰出人物的共同品质；
2．能多角度、多层次地认识、分析具体人物，并形成自己的观点；
3．正确认识、理解“个人成就”与“社会价值”之间的辩证关系，对照自身的成长经历，思考成长的意义和未来努力的方向。
四、学习能力
1．能在听录音或观看视频时，根据重音、语调、节奏的变化感知说话者的意图和态度；
2．学习并掌握新闻报道和演讲的语篇结构、标题特征、语言特点；熟悉人物生平简介的格式和文本特征；
3．针对“科学家、科学发现和科学精神”这一话题，能进行得体的口头表述和书面表达；
4．准确把握“下定义”这一写作技巧，并能在真实语境中正确运用。
教材 名言 The scientist is motivated primarily by curiosity and a desire for truth. —Irving Langmuir
深意 解读 该名言出自欧文·朗缪尔，意为“科学家的驱动力主要是好奇心和对真理的渴望。”这句话意在说明科学家应保有一颗好奇心，勇于追求真理。
文化 微语 欧文·朗缪尔是美国化学家、物理学家，因其建立的“表面分子定向说”于1932年获得诺贝尔化学奖。
教材名言赏析
?名言警句拓展
1．Try to become not a man of success, but try rather to become a man of value.
—Albert Einstein
努力不是为了功成名就，而是为了成为有价值的人。——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
2．The pursuit of science needs special courage.
追求科学需要特殊的勇气。
3．Surprise is the seed of science.
惊奇是科学的种子。
多读时鲜美文
①Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.②Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion，Qian was an extremely well respected man.
Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.
Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion, and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA's leading space exploration centres.
After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China.Nevertheless, Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was a determined “Why not We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”
Under Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In 1970, China successfully launched its first man made satellite, Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian's research, Qian earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”．
On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qian's death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
生僻词汇 ①patriotic / p tri' t k/ adj. 爱国的
②aviation / e vi'e n/ n. 航空；航空制造业
③missile /'m sa l/ n. 导弹；发射物
④nevertheless / nev 'les/ adv. 然而；不过；尽管如此
⑤aerospace /'e r spe s/ n． 航空航天(工业)；航空航天技术
常用词汇 ①have an impact on 对……有影响
②in charge of 负责；掌管
③discourage sb.from 劝阻某人(不要做某事)打断某人(做某事的念头)
④trace back to 追溯；追溯到
?读后积累
长难句式 ①Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.
分析：本句为“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。
译文：也许再也没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。
②Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion, Qian was an extremely well respected man.
长难句式 分析：本句的主干句为Qian was an extremely well respected man；Described by ...为过去分词短语作状语，其中又含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a man；介词短语with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit”作a man的定语，且分割了a man与其定语从句。
译文：钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然。
续表
