外研版（2019） 选择性必修第三册 Unit3 War and peace Using language 能力提升练（含解析）

Unit3 Using language 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2019河南南阳高二检测）
When people find themselves in difficult conflicts，they often turn to mediation（调解）. Mediators are advised to listen attentively，avoid favoring the ideas of one party，and make both sides feel at ease. Surprisingly，new research that my colleagues and I conducted shows that，to effectively help people settle their conflicts，mediators should adopt a hostile（敌意的）attitude rather than a calm one. A hostile mediator we find brings better results than a nice one.
Why would adding more negativity（消极性）to an already hostile situation prove beneficial？Consider how parents typically react when they can’t get their children to stop quarreling: “I don t care who started it. Both of you go to your rooms！” At first sight，a calm mediator seems likely to be more effective. But as anyone with brothers or sisters knows，parents seemingly unsympathetic treatment of the situation can have an unusual effect.
In our research , we created situations in which pairs of negotiators were part of a heated conflict. In some cases, the mediator had a “ nice” approach—calm and polite. In others, he was hostile—aggressive and somewhat rude. Across different types of conflicts, we found that negotiators were more willing and able to reach an agreement in the presence(在场)of a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one.
The main result of the test is not that hostility pays off. In fact, recent research has documented the social costs of negative behavior. For example, being the target of rude behavior reduces people’s performance on a variety of tasks. Other research shows the social benefits of positive behavior. People are more likely to close deals and become future business partners Even with the widespread social benefits of positive behavior and costs of negative behavior hostility can pay off in certain situations.
1. What can we learn about parents’ settlement of conflicts in Paragraph 2
A It’s calm and wise.
B. It’s arbitrary but effective.
C. It’s commonly adopted.
D. It harms family relationship.
2. How does the author support his viewpoints
A. By giving examples and experimenting.
B. By analyzing causes and effects.
C. By presenting facts.
D. By making comparisons.
3. Which best describes the authors attitude in the text
A. Concerned.
B. Doubtful.
C. Objective.
D. Positive.
4. What could be the best title of the text
A. The Significance of Effective Mediation
B. The Costs of Negative Behavior
C. The Benefits of Positive behavior
D. The Surprising Power of Hostility
Ⅱ. 七选五
（2020黑龙江、吉林、辽宁东北三校高三联考）
Last year in a cross-country race in the Sanqing Mountain，Gentian left everybody far behind，but unexpectedly he felt a sharp pain and saw that there were teeth marks and blood on his calf（小腿肚）. 1 But he didn’t know that it was a poisonous snake called “five-step snake” in Chinese that bit him.
Deep in the mountain，with no phone，Gentian kept running with the injury on his leg for 15 minutes and finally met a local farmer. 2 He happened to know about herbs and medicine. Immediately，he used some herbal medicines to deal with it. Later the organizing committees ambulance rushed to take him to the local hospital .
What should you do if you encounter a snake while outside Remember first of all.do not excite it. Data show that people who excite snakes are easily bitten. 3 Second，avoid the places where snakes like to stay. Snakes like to be bathed in sunshine during the day, and usually stay on gravel and cliff edges. Third, if you happen to see a snake crossing through the road, you must stop and wait for it to pass.
4 First, sit down and try to avoid the acceleration of blood circulation. Then tie the limb10-30 cm above the wound with a strong rope, and cut it open about I cm above the wound. The cut should be 1-2 cm wide, and squeeze blood from top to bottom. Generally, snakebites occur at the ankle 5 Also, be sure to call the ambulance asap.
He sensed that his situation was not good.
B. Then what to do if you' re bitten by a snake
C. So staying still can prevent you from meeting a snake.
D. He thought his high-end shoes could protect against the snake.
E. However, those who run immediately are less likely to be bitten.
F. In this case bending the knee for reducing blood flow can be helpful.
G. Despite the language barrier, he understood what had happened.
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______
Ⅲ.完形填空
[2020三省三校（贵阳一中、云师大附中、南宁三中）12月联考]
On Sept.11，2001，two men 1 the ticket counter late for American Airlines Flight 77.Allex checked them through 2 procedure. Those men were amongst the five hijackers who 3 that flight into the pentagon（五角大楼），killing 189 people.
“I didn’t know what I’d done.” Allex 4 .“I came to work the next day and people wouldn’t look me in the eye. Officials handed me the manifest（旅客名单），I just stared at it and then I looked up，“I 5 it，didn’t I？”
Once it became clear what had happened，people 6 talking to him. he began to have this wild thought that he was to blame for everything. Perhaps he could have changed it，if only done something 7 .
For Allex, knowing that many around him were 8 with the greater grief made him 9 . “How do I sit in a room with people that are mourning If they ask what my role is in this whole thing, what can I say Well, I 10 through two hijackers.”
Sometimes even a simple 11 of Sept. 11could trigger a wave of 12 . Once. when a customer told him her husband had been killed on that day, what he misheard was, “You killed my husband”
He has never been able to 13 forget the memory. It’s always there in some form. But with 14 . he has managed to start talking about it. “I feel like in some ways I’ve got rid of a 15 over the last 15 years, and I’m back in the light now.”
1. A. stood behind B. arrived at C. went to D. walked through
2. A. ruining B improving C changing D. following
3. A. crashed B. caught C. monitored D. cancelled
4.A. added B. announced C. recalled D. apologized
5. A. started B. reported C. did D. made
6. A. tried B. tolerated C. disliked D. stopped
7. A. careful B. immediate C. creative D. different
8. A. struggling B. deal C. meeting D. continuing
9. A. useless B. uncomfortable C. impractical D. unsuitable
10. A. brought B. engaged C. checked D. resulted
11. A. mention B. debate C. aspect D. experience
12. A. tiredness B. confusion C. guilt D. anxiety
13. A. exactly B. full C. quickly D. directly
14. A. regret B. practice C. help D. time
15. A. world B. shadow C. corner D. mess
参考答案：
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读: 本文是一篇说明文。当人们发现自己陷入难解的冲突时，他们往往求助于调解。建议调解员认真听取意见，避免偏袒一方的意见，使双方感到放心。即使积极行为有广泛的社会效益而消极行为具有一定的代价，敌意也能在某些情况下奏效。
1. B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I don’t care who started it. Both of you go to your rooms！” “…parents’ seemingly unsympathetic treatment of the situation can have an unusual effect.”可知，第二段中提到的父母的方法虽然有些武断，但是对孩子之间矛盾的解决很有效，故选B。
2. A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Consider how parents typically react when they can’t get their children to stop quarreling”和第三段中对所做实验的介绍可知，作者通过提供例子和做实验来证明观点，故选A。
3. C推理判断题。文中作者在第二、三段讨论了调解者采取敌意态度的这种消极行为的作用和力量，同时在第四段也指出了积极行为的好处以及消极行为的代价。所以作者的态度是客观的，故选C。
4. D主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A hostile mediator，we find，brings better results than a nice one.”第二段中的“Why would adding more negativity（消极性）to an already hostile situation prove beneficial？”，第三段段末的“…we found that negotiators…a hostile mediator than in the presence of a nice one”以及最后一段中的“hostility can pay off in certain situations”可知，作者主要介绍调解者采取的敌意态度的出乎意料的力量，所以 The Surprising Power of Hostility作文章的标题最佳，故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读: 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了去年，在三清山有一个越野跑。Gentian跑在最前面，突然被一条五步蛇咬了，他坚持跑步，后来碰见了一个当地农民，给他用了点草药，之后他被救护车接走了。文章还教给我们几个遇到蛇后以及被蛇咬后应对的方法。
1.A Ex but unexpectedly he felt a sharp pain and saw that there were teeth marks and blood on his calf（小腿肚）.与A. He sensed that his situation was not good.承接自然，因为腿肚子有牙印且在流血所以感到情况不妙，故选A项。
2.G 上文 Deep in the mountain，with no phone，Gentian kept running with the injury on his leg for 15 minutes and finally met a local farmer.与G. Despite the language barrier，he understood what had happened.接自然，选项提到的语言障碍，是指当地农民不懂 Gentian的语言，故选G项。
3.E 上文 Remember：first of all，do not excite it. Data show that people who excite snakes are easily bitten.与E. However those who run immediately are less likely to be bitten.承接自然，立刻走掉就不会与蛇对峙、激怒它，且上下文是明显的转
折关系，故选E项。
4.B根据上文的 What should you do if you encounter a snake while outside？可知，上段主要讲述遇到蛇应该采取的措施，再结合后文，故推测本段讲述被蛇咬了应该采取什么措施。B. Then what to do if you're bitten by a snake？符合以上推测，故选B项。
5.F上文 Generally，snakebites occur at the ankle.与F. In this case bending the knee for reducing blood flow can be helpful 7K接自然，故选F项。
Ⅲ.完型填空
语篇解读: 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Alex由于工作原因，使911劫机犯罪分子登机，而怀有负罪感，一直难以释怀的故事。
1. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：2001年9月11日，美国航空公司77次航班的两名男子检票迟到了。stand behind站在后面；arrive at到达；go to去；walk through穿过。根据句意，B项符合语境。
2. D考查动词辨析。句意：Alex按照程序仔细检查他们ruin破坏，糟蹋；Improve提高；change改变；follow遵循。follow procedure遵循步骤。故选D。
3. A考查动词辨析。句意：那些人在五名劫机者之中，他们将那架飞机撞向五角大楼，造成189人死亡。crash撞击；catch抓住；monitor监控；cancel取消。飞机坠毁，应当使用 crash。故选A。
4. C考查动词辨析。句意：Alex回忆说：“我不知道我做了什么，第二天我来上班，人们不会直视我。”add补充说；announce宣布；recall I忆；apologize道歉。根据句意，Alex在回忆当时的情况，故用 recall故选C。
5. C考查动词辨析。句意：官员们把舱单递给我，我只是盯着它，然后抬起头来，“都怪我，是不是？”start开始；report报道；do做；make制造。此处指是“我”做的这件事，“我”有责任。故选C。
6. D考查动词辨析。句意：一旦已经发生的事情弄清楚了，人们就不再和他说话了。ty尝试；tolerate容忍；dislike不喜欢；op停止。故选D。
7. D考查形容词辨析。句意：但愿他做了不同的事情，也许他本可以改变它。careful小心；immediate立即的；creative创造性的；different不同的。根据句意，Allex后悔当时自己的做法，希望自己没有那么做。故选D。
8. A考查动词辨析。句意：对于 Allex来说，知道身边的许多人都在为巨大的悲痛而挣扎让他感到于心难安。struggle挣扎，抗争；deal处理；meet会见；continue继续。失去亲人的悲痛使人难过，挣扎。故选A。
9. B考查形容词辨析。句意同上一题。useless无用的uncomfortable不舒服的；impractical不切实际的；unsuitable不合适的。根据句意可知选B。
10.C考查动词辨析。句意：嗯，我仔细检查了两名劫机者。根据前文“checked them through”可知选C。
11. A考查名词辨析。句意：有时，即使是简单地提到911事件，也可能引发一波内疚。mention提及；debate辩论；aspect方面；experience经验。别人一提及911事件他就感到内疚，故选A。
12. C考查名词辨析。句意：有时，即使是简单地提到911事件，也可能引发一波内疚。tiredness劳累；confusion困惑；guilt内疚，负罪感；anxiety焦虑。故选C。
13. B考查副词辨析。句意：他永远无法完全忘记那段记忆exactly准确地；fully完全地；quickly迅速地；directly直接地。从上文看，别人一提及911事件，自己就被负罪感所笼罩，没办法完全走出阴影。故选B。
14. D考查名词辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，他设法开始谈论这件事。后悔；practice练习；help帮助；time时间。根据下文 over the last l5 years可知，是随着时间的推移。故选D。
15. B考查名词辨析。句意：“我觉得好像在某种程度上，我在过去的15年里摆脱了阴影，现在又恢复了光明。”根据空后的 I'm back in the light now可知15年来他一直活在阴影中。world世界；shadow阴影；corner角落；mess混乱。 故选B。
2 / 2