北师大版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 1 Life Choices易混易错点辨析学案（有答案）

【名师原创】：Unit1 易混易错点辨析
●句型have some difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.和句型have some difficulty/trouble/problems with sth.
【教材原句】
What difficulties did you have in learning English (教材P4)
In Video 1, what difficulties did the boy have in learning English (教材P4)
【辨析】
两者意思相近，但用法有区别。
sb. have some difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth. 意思是“某人在做某事方面有困难/麻烦/问题”，这里的介词in可有可无。
have some difficulty/trouble/problems with sth. 意思是“某人在做某事方面有困难/麻烦/问题”，这里使用介词with，后面接名词。
温馨提示：
①两个句型中，difficulty, trouble 常用单数，偶尔也用复数，problem常用复数。
②两个句型中的some可根据句意换成little, no, much等。
【例句呈现】
I have some difficulty in understanding my English teacher in class.
我课堂上听不懂英语老师的讲解。
I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English.
我发某些单词的音有些困难。
90.8% of glaucoma patients have some difficulty in sleeping. 93.1% of cases have shallow sleeping.
90.8%青光眼病人存在入睡困难，93.1%病人睡眠不深。
But during the daily teaching, teachers have some difficulty in teaching and so do students in learning, which makes teaching and learning more difficult.
但在实际教学中，却也出现了不少问题，使得部分教师教学和学生学习存在困难。
I have some difficulty in dealing with the abstract-let's get down to some particulars.
我考虑抽象概念有些困难，让我们处理一些具体事情吧。
One person may have no difficulty with language development.
有的人可能有语言开发的困难。
Most of the girls have much difficulty with their families.
所以绝大多数的女孩都会与家庭关系紧张。
You may have some difficulty with this book at first, but you'll find it much easier as you go along.
开始时你或许会觉得这本书难读，但过些时候你便会觉得容易得多。
I have some trouble with the carburetor. The salesman fobbed the lady off with a faulty machine.
推销员把一部有毛病的机器冒充正品卖给了那位女士。
I have some trouble in reading her handwriting.
我认她的笔迹有些困难。
We have some trouble in spelling.
我们在拼写方面有困难。
He has some problems with his work in Canada, I'm afraid.
恐怕他在加拿大那边的事出问题啦。
Thelma& Louise Louise is working in a diner as a waitress and has some problems with her boyfriend Jimmy, who, as a musician, is always on the road.
路易丝是咖啡馆的服务生，她的男朋友杰米是个搞音乐的，经常在外演出，两人有点矛盾。
Levant thinks that Steinbeck has some problems in grasping the structure and materials.
这位评论家认为斯坦贝克在掌握结构与素材上仍有不足。
【考点过关】
请根据句型have some difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.和句型have some difficulty/trouble/problems with sth.的用法填空
1. He is likely to have some trouble _______ it, but he shouldn't be completely in the dark about it.
2. As I have some trouble _______ my leg, I can't move around easily, nor can I sit too long.
3. I have some difficulty in _______ (answer) the question.
4. His business has faced difficulty _______ debt.
5. I have some trouble in _______ (pronounce) this sound.
6. She has no difficulty _______ Italian.
7. He has some difficulty in ________ (give) shape to his ideas.
8. She has difficulty ________ English pronunciation.
9. He has some trouble _______ (work) out the problem, I think.
10. He has difficulty _________ (adjust) to group living.
11. He has some problems ________ the language.
12. Children with autism have difficulty ______ social skills and communication.
13. He has difficulty in ________ (identify) with the cause of the disease.
14. He has some problems ________ his teeth.
15. You shouldn't have much difficulty _______ your personal data files.
16. She has difficulty ________ (learn) English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress.
17. I have difficulty communicating _______ a stubborn man like him.
18. This article has discussed some problems in _______ (adjust) to the new requirements.
【参考答案】
1. with; 2. with; 3. answering; 4. with; 5. pronouncing; 6. with; 7. giving; 8. with; 9. working; 10. adjusting; 11. with; 12. with; 13. identifying; 14. with; 15. with; 16. learning; 17. with; 18. adjusting
●deal with; do with
【教材原句】
List the things he did to deal with the difficulties. (教材P4)
The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind, but he quickly gave up on the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都有“处理，对付/应付”的意思，这时可以换用，但其它意义和用法上有区别。
deal with 意思是“处理；应付/对付；涉及/论及/论述； 和…做生意”，常与疑问代词how 连用。
do with 意思是“处置/处理；对付/对待；忍受; 与….有关；与….相处”,常与疑问词what 连用。
【例句呈现】
We must take positive steps to deal/do with the problem.
我们必须采取积极步骤处理这个问题。
The government must deal/do with this as a matter of urgency.
政府必须将此事当作紧急的事情来处理。
You need the patience of Job to deal/do with some of our customers.
和我们的一些顾客打交道需要有极大的耐心。
Moody people are very difficult to deal/do with.
喜怒无常的人很难打交道。
He has some unfinished business to deal/do with.
他还要处理一些尚未了结的事务。
How do you deal with persistent salesmen who won't take no for an answer
你怎么对付那些不轻言放弃、一直纠缠下去的推销员？
That has nothing to do with what we're discussing.
那与我们所讨论的问题毫不相干。
I'd have nothing to do with him, if I were you.
如果我是你，我就不会跟他有任何瓜葛。
They know what to do/deal with your kind.
他们知道怎样对付你这种人。
They found a way to do/deal with the elephant.
他们找到对付那头大象的办法了。
The top secret documents had to do with the most advanced military equipment
绝密文件涉及最先进的军事装备。
We are difficult to do with the new comer.
我们很难与新来的那个人相处.
【考点过关】
根据deal with, do with的用法用其适当形式填空
1. We discussed different ways of _______ the problem.
2. I don't know what ________ all the food that's left over.
3. She’s used to ________ all kinds of people in her job.
4. Her job has something _______ computers.
5. This book _______ the ancient history of China.
6. Why do we ________ it
7. In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _______.
8. I cannot ________ him and his insolence.
9. We must take positive steps _______ the problem.
10. Can you ________ what happened to me
11. David’s biggest headache is what _______ his money.
12. You need the patience of work _______ some of our customers.
13. Japan will have _______ America on rice imports.
【参考答案】
1. doing/dealing; 2. to do with; 3. dealing/do with; 4. to do with; 5. deals with; 6. do with; 7. to deal with; 8. do with; 9. to deal/do with; 10. do with; 11. to do/deal with; 12. to deal/do with; 13. to do deal with
●be different from…= differ from…; be different in….= differ in; be different from…in…= differ from…. in….
【教材原句】
Is it different from your previous school life (教材P6)
I’m a new senior secondary school student. My new school life is very exciting and it differs in many ways from my previous one…. (教材P7)
【辨析】
三者在意思和用法有一定区别。
be different in….意思是“在某方面不同，在某方面变化”。
be different from…. = differ from….意思是“与…..不同”。
be different from…..in….意思是“在某方面与….不同”。
【例句呈现】
So we believe that our target group will be very different from the existing devices out there.
所以我们认为我们的目标群体将和目前游戏机的使用者大不一样。
This could not be more different from the scenario described in 1961 in US trade magazine Today's Secretary.
这与美国行业杂志《当代秘书》（Today’s Secretary）在1961年描述的场景相差简直十万八千里。
I knew it would be very different from the last time I was in London ， when I was working at the warehouse.
我知道这一次与我上次到伦敦仓库工作时的情景会大不一样。
The future of the world economy will be very different from its past. But it will also be quite unlike Japan's present.
世界经济的未来将迥异于它的过去，但也将跟现在的日本大不相同。
I thought while I was a secretary that the people in the mail room must be fundamentally different from the people in the board-mom.
我当秘书时以为收发室的人和董事会的人有根本上的不同。
Fifty percent of one process may be radically different in time from 50% of the next process.
一个过程的前50%可能与接下来的50%在时间上差别很大。
The opening and closing ceremonies of the 2010 Expo will be spectacular-but different in style from those of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Shanghai's deputy mayor said yesterday.
昨日上海副市长说，世博会开闭幕式将十分精彩, 但与北京奥运会的风。
Jobs also insisted that Apple be different in how it treated customers.
乔布斯还坚持要改变对待顾客的方式。
Now while these findings are suggestive, countries can be different in so many different ways
现在虽然这些发现能说明问题，但是比较的国家之间在很多很多方面都有差异。
The court will be different in nature too.
法庭也改变了性质。
The optimum solution will be different in each shop.
不同环境中的最佳解决方案是不同的。
What should be different in resolving work issues
解决工作问题有何不同？
The methods must be different in applying law if you have the different concept of law.
不同的法律概念下，法律适用技术必然不同。
Besides, the factors affecting the level of satisfaction will be different in various service industries.
此外，服务行业各品牌中，满意度水平的影响因素也会有所不同。
【考点过关】
根据be different from….; be different in…; be different from…in…用法填空。
1. The preferences of Chinese consumers tend to be different _____ from those of American buyers.
2. Legal requirements that may be different _____ in various countries or regions.
3. We are interested in how that online behavior might be different _____ from how they operate offline when they go to the shops.
4. In other words, the true treatment effect will be different _____ in different studies.
5. People would be quite different _____ from one another.
6. The answers will be different _____ in different countries.
7. However, this shirt will be very different _____ from the others.
8. The court will be different _____ in nature too.
9. What should be different ______ in resolving work issues
10. So, their conclusions may be very different ______ from the state's autopsy.
11. The nature of the credit infringement liability may be different _____ in some situations.
12. I had a dream my life would be so different ______ from this hell I'm living
13. Besides, the factors affecting the level of satisfaction will be different _____ in various service industries.
14. Tom is different from Alice ______ in character.
15. He wants to push himself forward and be different ______ from the others.
16. This restaurant is different from that one _____ in food.
17. Henan Province is different _____ from Guangdong Province in climate.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. in; 3. from; 4. in; 5. from; 6. in; 7. from; 8. in; 9. in; 10. from; 11. in; 12. from; 13. in; 14. in; 15. from; 16. in; 17. from
●act as; serve as; work as
【教材原句】
Zhuge Liang (181-234), a Chinese politician and military strategist who served as the prime minister of the State of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. (教材P7)
【辨析】
三者都有“充当，担任”的意思，多数情况下可以换用，但有些微的区别。
act as 意思是“充当，担任，扮演，起作用”，后接人或物，一般可以与serve as和work as 换用，但act as作“扮演”时，一般不可换用。
serve as意思是“充当，担任，起作用”，后接人或物。
work as 意思是“充当，是….身份；做…..工作”，后一般接人，跟表示职业的名词居多。
【例句呈现】
You are going to act as our sole agent in Brazil.
你将要担任我方在巴西的总代理。
This kind of system can act as part of the operating system.
这种系统能充当操作系统的一部分。
Dust bags act as a filter and suction will be reduced if they are too full
集尘袋起着过滤的作用，所集的灰尘太多时其吸附作用就会减小。
I asked my boss to act as a go-between.
我请我的老板当中间人。
Alcoholic drinks act as a poison to a child.
酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。
He volunteered to serve as the manager of our department store.
他自荐当我们商场的经理。
America cannot indefinitely serve as the breadbasket for the world
美国不可能无限期地作为世界的粮仓。
A group of piers on a commercial waterfront that serve as a general landing area for ships or boats.
作船只靠岸用的商业港口上的一组码头.
Trees give off large quantities of water and serve as cooling agents.
树木释放出大量的水分，可以起到降温的作用。
she was elected to serve as secretary of the local party.
她当选为地方党组织的书记。
After that, he moved to Seattle to work as an engineer with Boeing
之后他到西雅图为波音公司担任工程师
The Chinese account for 461 and work mostly as translators or general service providers.
其中中国人有461个，主要担任翻译或者提供一般性服务。
When she grows up, Millie would like to attend Penn State and then work as a detective in law enforcement.
米莉长大后想要进入宾州大学，随后在执法部门担任侦探。
I work as a programmer in the software company.
我在那间软件公司担任程式员。
【考点过关】
根据act as, serve as, work as.的用法填空
1. I was hired by the Personnel Section and told to ______ a secretary.
2. Now, small towns in South India ______ economic and cultural centers for the surrounding villages.
3. In my summer holidays, I used to _______ a part-time interpreter in several foreign companies.
4. But the 24-year-old Harry Potter star was attending a very different type of photo call as she continued to ______ a UN Goodwill Ambassador.
5. I agree to _______ chairman of the meeting.
6. Let these words of mine ________ a warning to you.
7. Every Christmas I used to _______ a temporary postman in my village, helping to deliver the seasonal avalanche of parcels and greeting cards.
8. The table used to ______ a hotel desk.
9. My mom can ________ a guard.
10. Tom will _______ the chief actor in the film.
11. The large box can _______ serve as a desk too.
12. I’ll ______ assistant editor on a trade journal in the food field, where my tasks included a great deal of interviewing and personal contact with members of the industry.
13. A trained dog can _______ a guide to a blind person.
14. But a typewriter was too limited to _______ a model.
15. I'll ________ interpreter.
【参考答案】
1. work as/act as/serve as; 2. act as/serve as; 3. work as/act as/serve as; 4. work as/act as/serve as; 5. work as/act as/serve as; 6. serve as/act as; 7. work as/act as/serve as; 8. act as/serve as; 9. work as/act as/serve as; 10. act as; 12. work as/serve as/act as; 13. act as/work as/serve as; 14. serve as/act as; 15. work as/act as/serve as
●in front of…., in the front of…..
【教材原句】
I’m Joe, a student from London. You’ll often find me sitting in front of my laptop. (教材P8)
In front of the classroom, there was a playground which got dusty on wind days and muddy on rainy days. (教材15)
【辨析】
两者都有“在…..前”的意思，但是在实际含义上有本质区别。
in front of…意思是“在……前面”，相当于before, 指一个事物在另外一个事物外部的前面，两者互不包括，其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。
in the front of…. 意思是“在某一事物内部的前部”，即一事物在另一事物的范围之内，其反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。
【例句呈现】
I didn't want to humiliate her in front of her colleagues.
我不想当着她同事们的面令她难堪。
I'm surprised at you, behaving like that in front of the kids.
我真想不到，当着孩子们的面你竟做出这种举动。
There are some flowers in front of the house.
房子前面有些花卉。
She bawled at him in front of everyone.
她当着大家的面冲他大喊大叫。
There's a bus stop in front of the house.
房子前面有一个公共汽车站。
I’d like to sit in the front of the plane
我想坐在飞机比较靠前的位置。
There is a big desk and a blackboard in the front of our classroom.
我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。
There is a table of contents in the front of a dictionary.
词典的开头有目录表。
About 50 teeth lie in the front of a great white's jaws.
大白鲨颚片前端有约50颗牙齿。
A list of phonetic symbols is given in the front of the dictionary.
在词典前面给出了音标表。
【考点过关】
用in front of…., in the front of …..填空
1. The teacher’s desk (讲台) is ________ the classroom.
2. We walked out of the hotel and had our picture taken ________ it.
3. The no - smoking seats are ________ the plane
4. They ate everything that was set________ them.
5. The introduction is always ________ the book.
6. I made a complete fool of myself ________ everyone!
7. She got a seat __________ the bus.
8. When I walked out of the house, I found that a red van was parked _________ the house.
9. Write your name ________ the book.
10. She sat and stared at the letter ________ her.
【参考答案】
1. in the front of; 2. in front of; 3. in the front of; 4. in front of; 5. in the front of; 6. in front of; 7. in the front of; 8. in front of; 9. in the front of; 10. in front of
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
Actually, I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes, especially because real life can be just as interesting. (教材P8)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encouraged by the strong representation, this year, of women in information technology disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fond of a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the innocent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially for children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every two hours, especially if you have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The committee is concerned about players' behavior, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many women, especially as they get older, develop lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made for her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially for radio.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The compost is specially formulated for pot plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thought he had escaped through a specially constructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs to use specially adapted computer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially to learn from you.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
用especially, specially填空
1. I made this _______ for your birthday.
2. Their main exports are textiles, _______ silk and cotton.
3. She came to London ________ to see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are not _______ interested in watching movies.
5. You can borrow my laptop for you exam, and you don’t need to buy one ______.
6. She was _______ fond of collecting stamps.
7. The smart-phone is ________ designed for software professionals.
8. It’s __________ hot today.
9. Patrick needs to use _______ adapted computer equipment.
10. Millions of wild flowers color the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ to say sorry to her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned to her hometown _________ to see her sick mother
14. These books will be __________ helpful to those who wish to improve their English.
15. I came here __________ to ask for your advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added to, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially
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