2023年中考英语二轮复习专题三：冠词(含答案)

Chapter 02 冠词
命题趋势： 就考查题型而言，以完形和语篇填空为主。从命题意图看，以考查不定冠词a 和an 的用 法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。 重难点： 1.a 和 an 的选择 2.定冠词 the 的选择
什么是冠词
冠词是虚词，不能单独使用。
冠词的分类
分为不定冠词 a/ an 、定冠词 the 和零冠词。不定冠词一般表示泛指；定冠词一般表示特指。
考点 1 不定冠词 a/ an
1. 概念：冠词的一种，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
2. 用法：
(1) “a ”用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前, “an”用在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。 ★口诀：不见元音不施 an ，不看字母看发音。
e.g. an easy going girl; an exam; an outgoing customer; an astronaut
(2) 表示“每一”的概念。( ＝ every)
(3) 用于固定短语【记忆】 have a look 看一看 = look have a rest 休息一下 = rest have a talk 谈话 = talk
have a cold make a living a great deal have a good time once in a while
for a time in a hurry in a loud voice take an interest in … make a promise
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考点 2
定冠词the
1. 口诀：特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级； 某些专有名，习语及乐器；姓氏复数前，表示一家人。
2. 用法：
(1) e.g. Close the window, please. 请把窗户关上吧。 (说话双方都知道指的是哪扇门)
(2) e.g. I found a picture in the box. The picture was very beautiful.
我在箱子里发现了一幅画。那幅画非常漂亮。
(3) e.g. the sun; the earth; the moon
(4) e.g. I live on the second floor. 我住在第二层。
He is the cleverest among them. 他们中他是最聪明的。
It was the best of times. It was the worst of times. 那是最美好的时代，也是最糟糕的时代。
(5) e.g. the Whites 怀特一家人 the Browns 布朗一家人
(6) e.g. A word is enough to the wise. 对智者一言足已。
(7) e.g. He likes playing the violin. 他喜欢拉小提琴。 She is good at playing the drum. 她擅长敲鼓。
(8) e.g. Shenzhen is in the south of China. 深圳在中国南部。 We can’t predict the future. 我们无法预知未来。
(9) e.g. in the nineteenth century 在十九世纪 in the 1870’s/ 1870s 在 19 世纪 70 代
(10)
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all the same (完全一样)
by the way (顺便说)
on the whole (总之)
all the time (一直)
at the age of (在……岁时)
at the moment (立刻，马上)
at the same time (同时)
on the way to (在去……路上) at the back of (在……后面)
考点 3 零冠词
1. 口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭； 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
2. 举例
e.g. Luoyang is in Henan Province. 洛阳在河南省。
When will lunch be ready 午餐什么时候准备好？
Do you like to play football or baseball 你喜欢踢足球还是打棒球？
3. 特殊: ① 三餐前不用冠词，但三餐前有形容词修饰则在其前用不定冠词。
e.g. a big dinner
② 特指某一年的季节前用the
e.g. She went to Shanghai in the summer of 1979.
③ 某些农历节日前用the
e.g. the Spring Festival 春节 the Dragon Boat Festival 端午
考点 4 冠词的其他用法
1. a/ an + 序数词，表示“又一，再一”；the + 序数词，表示“第……”
e.g. I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one. 你已经有三本书了，我想再买一本。
2. ① the number of + 可数名词复数，表示“……的数量”，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. The number of staff in this company is very large. 这所公司的职员数量很多。
The number of staffhas declined from 217,000 to 114,000. 员工人数从 21.7 万减少到 11.4 万。
② a number of + 可数名词复数，表示“许多，大量” ，谓语动词用复数。 e.g. A number of students were waiting for you. 许多学生在等着你。
They traveled under the protection of a number of soldiers. 他们在一些士兵的护卫下旅行。 A number of boys like playing the model plane. 许多男生喜欢玩飞机模型。
3. 有无定冠词固定搭配
(注：无 the 表状态，有 the 表地点)
at school 上学 at the school 在学校 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院
at church 做礼拜 at the church 在教堂 at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌旁
in bed (生病) 卧床 in the bed 在床上 by day 白天 by the day 按天计算
in prison 坐牢 in the prison 在监狱里 in place of 取代 in the place of 在…位置上
一、单项选择
( ) 1. We had quite ________ good time in Beijing. We toured ________ city by bus and by taxi.
A. /; the B. a; / C. a; the D. /; /
( )2. --Jack, you missed ________ “u” in ________ word “usually”？
--Sorry, sir.
A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a D. the; the
( )3. He is ________ eighteen-year-old boy who has entered ________ university.
A. an; a B. a; / C. /; an D. an; an
( )4. Although there is ________ ugly wound on Nancy’s face, she doesn’t care about it.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
( )5. We can’t see ________ sun at night.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
二、根据中文提示，填入适当的冠词 (a/ an/ the/ 零冠词)
1. What ____________ unusual school trip we had! I will never forget it.
2. Zhong Nanshan is not only ____________ excellent doctor but also a brave fighter.
3. I enjoy having ____________ breakfast with my family at home.
4. What _____________ good advice you’ve given me to keep healthy !
5. Beijing, ____________ capital of China, is ____________ city with a long history.
6. ____________ Greens are my relatives.
7. Lily practices playing ____________ piano after school every day.
8. Don’t tell a lie. You are ____________ honest boy.
9. He is a kind man because he often helps ____________ poor.
10. Look! The bank is on ____________ right.
参考答案：
1-5:CAABC
1.an 2. an 3. /4. / 5. the, a 6. The 7. the 8. an 9. the 10. the
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