2023届高考英语复习语法专题词性转换课件(共51张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习语法专题词性转换课件(共51张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-06 08:48:30 | ||
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(共51张PPT)
2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★ 词性转换
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·全国乙卷)Provide (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
2．(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism often provides money for conservation and benefits the (develop) of the local areas.
3．(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their (day) routines.
financial
development
daily
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)To everyone's surprising，the ball went into the net.__________________
2．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.____________
surprising→surprise
coolly→cool
形容词变副词的后缀
变化形式 例词
直接加 ly slow→slowly缓慢地
变y为i加 ly happy→happily高兴地
去e加 ly true→truly真诚地；正确地
形容词变名词的后缀
后缀 例词
age short→shortage不足；短缺
cy efficient→efficiency 效率；功效
fluent→fluency 流利；流畅
accurate→accuracy 准确性
private→privacy 隐私；私密
后缀 例词
dom free→freedom自由；自主
wise→wisdom 明智；智慧
ce different→difference 差异
silent→silence 沉默
ness weak→weakness 虚弱；弱点
kind→kindness 仁慈；好意
careless→carelessness 粗心大意
dark→darkness 黑暗
后缀 例词
th strong→strength 力气；强项
warm→warmth 温暖；热情
true→truth 真相；真理
wide→width 宽度
后缀 例词
y
ty
ity difficult→difficulty 困难
cruel→cruelty 残酷；残暴
safe→safety 安全
disable→disability 无能；残疾
responsible→responsibility 责任
动词、名词变形容词的后缀
后缀 例词
able accept→acceptable 可接受的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
fashion→fashionable 时髦的
suit→suitable 合适的
reason→reasonable 有道理的
后缀 例词
al benefit→beneficial 有益的
music→musical 音乐的
origin→original 最初的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
form→formal 正式的
nation→national 全国的
后缀 例词
ing surprise→surprising 令人惊讶的
convince→convincing 令人信服的
satisfy→satisfying 令人满意的
worry→worrying 令人担心的
bore→boring 令人厌烦的
some tire→tiresome 令人厌倦的
trouble→troublesome 麻烦的
后缀 例词
ful doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
harm→harmful 有害的
hope→hopeful 有希望的
peace→peaceful 和平的
care→careful 细心的
use→useful 有用的
后缀 例词
ful success→successful 成功的
help→helpful 有帮助的
后缀 例词
ed scare→scared 感到恐惧的
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
puzzle→puzzled 迷惑的
worry→worried 担心的
bore→bored 感到厌倦的
excite→excited 激动的；兴奋的
underline→underlined 加下划线的
balance→balanced 均衡的
后缀 例词
ible access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的
后缀 例词
ive act→active 积极的；活跃的
effect→effective 有效的；生效的
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
expense→expensive 昂贵的
后缀 例词
ous continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious 十分小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
humor→humorous 幽默的
后缀 例词
y taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
health→healthy 健康的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的
rain→rainy 有雨的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
cloud→cloudy 阴天的
后缀 例词
ern east→eastern 东方的；向东的
west→western 西方的；向西的
ish child→childish 孩子气的
fool→foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的
self→selfish 自私的
后缀 例词
ic energy→energetic 精力充沛的
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
ary imagine→imaginary 想象中的
动词变名词的后缀
后缀 例词
ion/ sion/ ation correct→correction 改正
attract→attraction 吸引
conclude→conclusion 结论；结束
decide→decision 决定
admit→admission 接纳；准许入学
invite→invitation 邀请
后缀 例词
ion/ sion/ ation explain→explanation 解释
expect→expectation 期望
后缀 例词
er/ or teach→teacher 老师
announce→announcer 播音员
conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员
ment punish→punishment 惩罚
achieve→achievement 功绩；成就
argue→argument 辩论；论据
equip→equipment 装备；设备
后缀 例词
ance/ ence appear→appearance 出现；外貌
perform→performance 表演；节目
exist→existence 存在；生存
prefer→preference 偏爱
ing hear→hearing 听力；听觉
begin→beginning 开始
后缀 例词
ure/ ture fail→failure 失败
press→pressure 压力
mix→mixture 混合；混合物
depart→departure 离开；出发
y recover→recovery 恢复；痊愈
discover→discovery 发现
后缀 例词
其他 choose→choice 选择
vary→variety 多样化；种类
tend→tendency 趋向；趋势
变动词的前缀与后缀
前/后缀 例词
前缀 en able→enable 使能够
large→enlarge 扩大
rich→enrich 使充实；使丰富
danger→endanger 危及
courage→encourage 鼓励
前/后缀 例词
后缀 en broad→broaden 使变宽
ripe→ripen 使成熟
sharp→sharpen 使尖锐
wide→widen 加宽
short→shorten 变短
deep→deepen 加深
dark→darken 使变暗
hard→harden 使变硬
前/后缀 例词
后缀 ify class→classify 把……分类
just→justify 证明……正确
simple→simplify 简化
beauty→beautify 美化
ize apology→apologize 道歉
emphasis→emphasize 强调
memory→memorize 记住
real→realize 认识到；实现
表示否定意义或相反意义的前缀与后缀
前/后缀 例词
前缀 dis agree→disagree 不同意
advantage→disadvantage 缺点
appear→disappear 消失
comfort→discomfort 使不舒适
honest→dishonest 不诚实的
前/后缀 例词
前缀 il legal→illegal 不合法的
logical→illogical 不合逻辑的
im polite→impolite 无礼的
patient→impatient 不耐烦的
moral→immoral 不道德的
前/后缀 例词
前缀 in formal→informal 非正式的
convenient→inconvenient 不方便的
direct→indirect 间接的
ir regular→irregular 不规则的
responsible→irresponsible 不负责任的
mis understand→misunderstand 误解
lead→mislead 误导
前/后缀 例词
前缀 un usual→unusual 不寻常的
willing→unwilling 不愿意的
happy→unhappy 不高兴的
known→unknown 不出名的
前/后缀 例词
后缀 less hope→hopeless 绝望的
end→endless 没完没了的
care→careless 粗心的
help→helpless 无助的
use→useless 无用的
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．By the time of his (die)，he was the best selling Chinese author，and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world.
2．Almost all the fables he wrote are (humor) and entertaining，appealing to people of all ages.
death
humorous
3．His works have been (wide) translated into many languages including English，French，Korean and Japanese.
4．Flowering in May，peonies' large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.
5．If it is your first trip to China，we (sincere) suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing，Xi'an，Dunhuang，Urumqi and Kashi.
widely
richness
sincerely
6．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries，_________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art.
7．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) (certain) during the holiday period，this plant is a must.
8．Reading more can (rich) your knowledge.
9．Her dream is to become a (music)．
wealthy
Certainly
enrich
musician
10．Don't judge a person by his (appear)，which can be misleading.
appearance
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我志愿帮助参观者，介绍中国画，传播中国文化，加强世界文化交流。
I would like to volunteer to ，introduce ______________，spread Chinese culture，and .
2．但我们衷心希望您能给予我们指导和鼓励。
But we you will give us your ____________________
____________________.
help visitors
Chinese paintings
strengthen world cultural exchanges
sincerely hope
guidance and
encouragement
3．正是所谓的“不便”，展示了中国几千年历史文化的丰富、精致和浓厚的魅力。
It is just the so called that displays the ，__________ and great of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
4．最近，我发现呼吸干净的空气越来越难了。
Recently， .
inconvenience
richness
delicacy
fascination
I have found it increasingly hard to breathe in clean air
Ⅲ.语法填空
On May 9, James Givens was sitting in the car when he 1.________
(hear) what sounded like a knock. He turned around only 2. (find) a goose pecking (啄) at the car door. This was highly unusual given that the birds normally preferred to observe humans from a 3. ____________
(distant)．
1．解析：考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时。
答案：heard
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。only to do表示意外的结果，意为“却发现……”。
答案：to find
3．解析：考查词性转换。冠词a后面应该用名词，from a distance表示“从远处”。
答案：distance
But on this day, the goose appeared to be determined to get his attention and didn't stop pecking 4. Givens opened the car door and stepped out. Though the bird then began to walk away, it kept 5.____
(turn) around to make sure he was following. When they finally stopped, Givens realized 6. the mother goose did so—he needed help to free her baby goose that had got 7. (trap) in some balloon string.
4．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，母鹅一直啄车门直到Givens下车，表示动作一直持续到某个时刻，所以填until或till。
答案：until/till
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。keep doing意为“持续做……”。
答案：turning
6．解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。此处指Givens明白了母鹅找他的原因，所以填why。
答案：why
7．解析：考查非谓语动词。get trapped表示“被困”。trap和the baby goose是动宾关系。
答案：trapped
Worried that the mother goose would attack him if he got close
8. the baby, Givens called the local SPCA chapter. Unfortunately, they were 9. (able) to help right away. Concerned that the baby goose would not survive the delay, Givens decided to take on the task himself.
The mother goose watched 10. (patient) as Givens saved the little bird. As soon as the little goose was free, it ran to its mom.Givens said this was the most unforgettable incident in his life!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只母鹅求助人类去解救小鹅的感人故事。
8．解析：考查介词。get close to表示“靠近”，为固定搭配。
答案：to
9．解析：考查派生词。根据本句中的unfortunately以及下句中的delay可知，此处表示“不能……”，所以填unable。
答案：unable
10．解析：考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，此处需要用形容词patient的副词形式patiently修饰动词watched。
答案：patiently
Ⅳ.短文改错
I am a Grade Three student in China. I hope to go to your university to learn English after finish my high school.English played an important part in our daily life but I like it so much that I want to be a teacher of English. I have some difficult in learning English. But I will study hardly to improve it if I have an opportunity go to your university. Besides, I like your city because it has an environment which differs with my city. And I will make many friend and communicate frequently with him. I will appreciate it if you take my application into the consideration.
2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★ 词性转换
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·全国乙卷)Provide (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
2．(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism often provides money for conservation and benefits the (develop) of the local areas.
3．(2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their (day) routines.
financial
development
daily
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)To everyone's surprising，the ball went into the net.__________________
2．(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.____________
surprising→surprise
coolly→cool
形容词变副词的后缀
变化形式 例词
直接加 ly slow→slowly缓慢地
变y为i加 ly happy→happily高兴地
去e加 ly true→truly真诚地；正确地
形容词变名词的后缀
后缀 例词
age short→shortage不足；短缺
cy efficient→efficiency 效率；功效
fluent→fluency 流利；流畅
accurate→accuracy 准确性
private→privacy 隐私；私密
后缀 例词
dom free→freedom自由；自主
wise→wisdom 明智；智慧
ce different→difference 差异
silent→silence 沉默
ness weak→weakness 虚弱；弱点
kind→kindness 仁慈；好意
careless→carelessness 粗心大意
dark→darkness 黑暗
后缀 例词
th strong→strength 力气；强项
warm→warmth 温暖；热情
true→truth 真相；真理
wide→width 宽度
后缀 例词
y
ty
ity difficult→difficulty 困难
cruel→cruelty 残酷；残暴
safe→safety 安全
disable→disability 无能；残疾
responsible→responsibility 责任
动词、名词变形容词的后缀
后缀 例词
able accept→acceptable 可接受的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
fashion→fashionable 时髦的
suit→suitable 合适的
reason→reasonable 有道理的
后缀 例词
al benefit→beneficial 有益的
music→musical 音乐的
origin→original 最初的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
form→formal 正式的
nation→national 全国的
后缀 例词
ing surprise→surprising 令人惊讶的
convince→convincing 令人信服的
satisfy→satisfying 令人满意的
worry→worrying 令人担心的
bore→boring 令人厌烦的
some tire→tiresome 令人厌倦的
trouble→troublesome 麻烦的
后缀 例词
ful doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
harm→harmful 有害的
hope→hopeful 有希望的
peace→peaceful 和平的
care→careful 细心的
use→useful 有用的
后缀 例词
ful success→successful 成功的
help→helpful 有帮助的
后缀 例词
ed scare→scared 感到恐惧的
confuse→confused 感到困惑的
puzzle→puzzled 迷惑的
worry→worried 担心的
bore→bored 感到厌倦的
excite→excited 激动的；兴奋的
underline→underlined 加下划线的
balance→balanced 均衡的
后缀 例词
ible access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的
后缀 例词
ive act→active 积极的；活跃的
effect→effective 有效的；生效的
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
expense→expensive 昂贵的
后缀 例词
ous continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious 十分小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
humor→humorous 幽默的
后缀 例词
y taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
health→healthy 健康的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的
rain→rainy 有雨的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
cloud→cloudy 阴天的
后缀 例词
ern east→eastern 东方的；向东的
west→western 西方的；向西的
ish child→childish 孩子气的
fool→foolish 愚蠢的；可笑的
self→selfish 自私的
后缀 例词
ic energy→energetic 精力充沛的
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
ary imagine→imaginary 想象中的
动词变名词的后缀
后缀 例词
ion/ sion/ ation correct→correction 改正
attract→attraction 吸引
conclude→conclusion 结论；结束
decide→decision 决定
admit→admission 接纳；准许入学
invite→invitation 邀请
后缀 例词
ion/ sion/ ation explain→explanation 解释
expect→expectation 期望
后缀 例词
er/ or teach→teacher 老师
announce→announcer 播音员
conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员
ment punish→punishment 惩罚
achieve→achievement 功绩；成就
argue→argument 辩论；论据
equip→equipment 装备；设备
后缀 例词
ance/ ence appear→appearance 出现；外貌
perform→performance 表演；节目
exist→existence 存在；生存
prefer→preference 偏爱
ing hear→hearing 听力；听觉
begin→beginning 开始
后缀 例词
ure/ ture fail→failure 失败
press→pressure 压力
mix→mixture 混合；混合物
depart→departure 离开；出发
y recover→recovery 恢复；痊愈
discover→discovery 发现
后缀 例词
其他 choose→choice 选择
vary→variety 多样化；种类
tend→tendency 趋向；趋势
变动词的前缀与后缀
前/后缀 例词
前缀 en able→enable 使能够
large→enlarge 扩大
rich→enrich 使充实；使丰富
danger→endanger 危及
courage→encourage 鼓励
前/后缀 例词
后缀 en broad→broaden 使变宽
ripe→ripen 使成熟
sharp→sharpen 使尖锐
wide→widen 加宽
short→shorten 变短
deep→deepen 加深
dark→darken 使变暗
hard→harden 使变硬
前/后缀 例词
后缀 ify class→classify 把……分类
just→justify 证明……正确
simple→simplify 简化
beauty→beautify 美化
ize apology→apologize 道歉
emphasis→emphasize 强调
memory→memorize 记住
real→realize 认识到；实现
表示否定意义或相反意义的前缀与后缀
前/后缀 例词
前缀 dis agree→disagree 不同意
advantage→disadvantage 缺点
appear→disappear 消失
comfort→discomfort 使不舒适
honest→dishonest 不诚实的
前/后缀 例词
前缀 il legal→illegal 不合法的
logical→illogical 不合逻辑的
im polite→impolite 无礼的
patient→impatient 不耐烦的
moral→immoral 不道德的
前/后缀 例词
前缀 in formal→informal 非正式的
convenient→inconvenient 不方便的
direct→indirect 间接的
ir regular→irregular 不规则的
responsible→irresponsible 不负责任的
mis understand→misunderstand 误解
lead→mislead 误导
前/后缀 例词
前缀 un usual→unusual 不寻常的
willing→unwilling 不愿意的
happy→unhappy 不高兴的
known→unknown 不出名的
前/后缀 例词
后缀 less hope→hopeless 绝望的
end→endless 没完没了的
care→careless 粗心的
help→helpless 无助的
use→useless 无用的
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．By the time of his (die)，he was the best selling Chinese author，and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world.
2．Almost all the fables he wrote are (humor) and entertaining，appealing to people of all ages.
death
humorous
3．His works have been (wide) translated into many languages including English，French，Korean and Japanese.
4．Flowering in May，peonies' large petals and strong colors are linked to prosperity and (rich) in traditional Chinese culture.
5．If it is your first trip to China，we (sincere) suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing，Xi'an，Dunhuang，Urumqi and Kashi.
widely
richness
sincerely
6．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries，_________ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art.
7．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) (certain) during the holiday period，this plant is a must.
8．Reading more can (rich) your knowledge.
9．Her dream is to become a (music)．
wealthy
Certainly
enrich
musician
10．Don't judge a person by his (appear)，which can be misleading.
appearance
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我志愿帮助参观者，介绍中国画，传播中国文化，加强世界文化交流。
I would like to volunteer to ，introduce ______________，spread Chinese culture，and .
2．但我们衷心希望您能给予我们指导和鼓励。
But we you will give us your ____________________
____________________.
help visitors
Chinese paintings
strengthen world cultural exchanges
sincerely hope
guidance and
encouragement
3．正是所谓的“不便”，展示了中国几千年历史文化的丰富、精致和浓厚的魅力。
It is just the so called that displays the ，__________ and great of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
4．最近，我发现呼吸干净的空气越来越难了。
Recently， .
inconvenience
richness
delicacy
fascination
I have found it increasingly hard to breathe in clean air
Ⅲ.语法填空
On May 9, James Givens was sitting in the car when he 1.________
(hear) what sounded like a knock. He turned around only 2. (find) a goose pecking (啄) at the car door. This was highly unusual given that the birds normally preferred to observe humans from a 3. ____________
(distant)．
1．解析：考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时。
答案：heard
2．解析：考查非谓语动词。only to do表示意外的结果，意为“却发现……”。
答案：to find
3．解析：考查词性转换。冠词a后面应该用名词，from a distance表示“从远处”。
答案：distance
But on this day, the goose appeared to be determined to get his attention and didn't stop pecking 4. Givens opened the car door and stepped out. Though the bird then began to walk away, it kept 5.____
(turn) around to make sure he was following. When they finally stopped, Givens realized 6. the mother goose did so—he needed help to free her baby goose that had got 7. (trap) in some balloon string.
4．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，母鹅一直啄车门直到Givens下车，表示动作一直持续到某个时刻，所以填until或till。
答案：until/till
5．解析：考查非谓语动词。keep doing意为“持续做……”。
答案：turning
6．解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。此处指Givens明白了母鹅找他的原因，所以填why。
答案：why
7．解析：考查非谓语动词。get trapped表示“被困”。trap和the baby goose是动宾关系。
答案：trapped
Worried that the mother goose would attack him if he got close
8. the baby, Givens called the local SPCA chapter. Unfortunately, they were 9. (able) to help right away. Concerned that the baby goose would not survive the delay, Givens decided to take on the task himself.
The mother goose watched 10. (patient) as Givens saved the little bird. As soon as the little goose was free, it ran to its mom.Givens said this was the most unforgettable incident in his life!
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只母鹅求助人类去解救小鹅的感人故事。
8．解析：考查介词。get close to表示“靠近”，为固定搭配。
答案：to
9．解析：考查派生词。根据本句中的unfortunately以及下句中的delay可知，此处表示“不能……”，所以填unable。
答案：unable
10．解析：考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知，此处需要用形容词patient的副词形式patiently修饰动词watched。
答案：patiently
Ⅳ.短文改错
I am a Grade Three student in China. I hope to go to your university to learn English after finish my high school.English played an important part in our daily life but I like it so much that I want to be a teacher of English. I have some difficult in learning English. But I will study hardly to improve it if I have an opportunity go to your university. Besides, I like your city because it has an environment which differs with my city. And I will make many friend and communicate frequently with him. I will appreciate it if you take my application into the consideration.