2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★形容词和副词课件(共53张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★形容词和副词课件(共53张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-06 08:48:16 | ||
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(共53张PPT)
2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★ 形容词和副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It will (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
2．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us ___________ (astonish)．
3．(2021·全国乙卷)What's more, doing housework can be a form of ________ (mentally) relaxation from study.
undoubtedly
astonished
mental
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.________________
2．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)I'm surely you'll have a good time.__________
3．(2021·全国甲卷)In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.____________
simply→simple
surely→sure
mostly→most
(一)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾补、主补或状语
1．以“a ”开头的形容词常作表语，如：afraid，alone，alive，ashamed，awake等；常作表语的形容词还有content，worth，ill，sure等。
The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。
形容词、副词的基本用法
2．形容词作状语表示原因、伴随、结果等，表示主语的状态和特征，逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and satisfied.
被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，非常高兴和满足。
(二)副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子
He is old enough to go to school.
他年龄足够大了，可以上学了。
[特别提醒] 常作评注性状语，置于句首修饰整个句子的副词有fortunately，luckily，surprisingly，honestly，personally，actually，thankfully等。
Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain paid off in the end.
谢天谢地，我打完了比赛，所有的付出都得到了回报。
?对点小练
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．The old people there were talkative and they told us their ________ (person) stories cheerfully.
2．Some students are so worried about the exam that they can't fall sleep at night._______________
personal
sleep→asleep
(一)形容词和副词的原级
基本结构：
(1)表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，可用以下三种形式表示：
①as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as
②as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词＋as
③as＋many/much＋复数名词/不可数名词＋as
形容词和副词的比较等级
Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．
＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．
亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
(2)表示双方不相等时，用“not so/as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”结构。
Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.
亨利的书不如我的多。
[特别提醒] 下列短语是固定用法：as long as “只要”；as far as “远至……，就……而言”；as well as “也”。
As far as I know，he is a reliable person.
就我所知，他是一个可靠的人。
(二)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1．比较级与最高级的构成
(1)规则变化：
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加 er或 est tall taller tallest
long longer longest
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 以e结尾的，只加 r或 st nice nicer nicest
fine finer finest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加 er或 est big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
fat fatter fattest
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 以“辅音字母＋ y”结尾的，先变y为i再加 er或 est happy happier happiest
easy easier easiest
其他双音节词
和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more
difficult most
difficult
beautiful more
beautiful most
beautiful
[特别提醒] 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect，favorite等，没有最高级，也不与比较级连用；有些词本身含有比较的意义，其后用to而不用than，如：superior to优/高于； inferior to次于； senior to年长于，地位高于； junior to地位低于等。
(2)不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad (badly)/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/ furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.比较级的用法
(1)比较级的常见结构
①“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”；“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方……”。
The breadth of education is more important than its length，and the length of life is less important than its depth.
教育的长度不及广度重要，人生的长度不及深度重要。
②表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时，用“the＋比较级．..the＋比较级...”，意为“越……就越……”。
The more you learn，the more you wish to learn.
你学的越多，你就越是想学。
③不与其他事物相比较，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们学校正变得越来越漂亮。
④表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。
You are no taller than I．你和我一样矮。
⑤“the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词”表示“两个中较……的那
个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
那两个男孩中较高的那个是我的哥哥。
⑥形式为比较级结构的习惯用语
短语及含义 例句
more than超过，不止，不仅仅；非常 Peace is much more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。
She is more than selfish.
她非常自私。
more...than...与其……不如…… She is more thoughtless than stupid.
与其说她笨，还不如说她粗心大意。
短语及含义 例句
not more than至多 I have not more than ten books in my bag.
我的书包里的书不多于10本。
no more than只有 I have no more than ten books in my bag.
我的书包里只有10本书。
less than少于 It had cost Tom less than five dollars.
汤姆花了不到五美元买了这件东西。
短语及含义 例句
no less than有……之多 No less than a thousand people came.
来的竟有一千人之多。
not less than不少于，至少 He is not less than 80 years old.
他至少80岁了。
(2)比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式
①“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before.
你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
②比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词。
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
3．最高级的用法
(1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class.
她是我们班最活跃的学生。
(2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
上海是我国最大的城市之一。
(3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.
非洲是世界上第二大洲。
(4)常用的最高级的修饰语有by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really以及序数词等。
It was by far the worst speech he had ever made.
这是他迄今发表过的最差的演讲。
[特别提醒] by far通常用来修饰最高级，但也可修饰比较级，修饰比较级时，一般放在比较级后面，若在前面，应在两者之间加the。
The book is better by far than that one.
这本书要比那本书好得多。
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
他是两兄弟中较高的那一个。
?对点小练
单句语法填空/单句改错
3．I have never met a (kind) teacher than Mrs. Smith before.
4．I have seldom seen my mother very pleased with my progress as she is now.____________
kinder
very→as/so
倍数表达法
Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
＝Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
＝Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。
The length of this road is four times what it was three years ago.
这条路的长度是三年前的四倍。
常见的易混词
beside在旁边(或附近) besides 此外，而且
late迟的，晚的 lately近来
later后来，以后
latest 最近的，最新的
ago以前(以现在为起点) before以前(以过去为起点)
somewhere某处 everywhere到处
high 在高处；高 highly 高度地；很；非常
wide广阔地；充分地 widely广泛地；普遍地
deep深深地 deeply深刻地；深沉地
free免费地 freely自由地；畅通地
close接近；紧挨着 closely仔细地；紧密地
hard努力地 hardly几乎不
near在附近 nearly几乎，差不多
[特别提醒] 下列单词以 ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly, timely等。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·浙江卷)When the house was built，it was much _________ (small) than it is today.
2．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ______ (fine) work，so that he could choose the best.
smaller
finest
3．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
4．Cars and other vehicles burn petrol in their engines，and electrical power plants most often burn fuels such as coal and oil in order to produce electricity. ，the more petrol and electricity we consume，the more carbon dioxide we are letting off.
gently
Therefore/Thus
5．Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a (health) baby and so on.
6．Thousands of computer enthusiasts find computer shows around the country so (attract) that they buy parts，take them home and assemble (组装) their own computers.
7．It is the (common) used language in China and among the largest languages in the world.
healthy
attractive
most commonly
8．Sometimes when a long time goes by without being recognized for the good we do，we start to get upset，but a simple statement of appreciation could make us become (energy) again for a good long time.
9．This August，MOE instructed local governments and schools to inform every child and their parents of “watching the show together”． ，the parents who stayed home for the yearly tradition disapproved of a range of content from Saturday's show.
10．You can (easy) jump from one website to another.
energetic
However
easily
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我坚信这也给了我一些生活和学习方面的动力。
it also has given me some other motivation of life and study.
2．更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和提升我的能力的好机会。
to promote Chinese culture and develop my ability.
I hold the firm belief that
More importantly，I consider it a good chance
3．我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明，以便他们能更好地理解它。
I explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail __________
__________________________________________.
4．“长江之行”和“泰山之旅”这两条旅行线路都很值得推荐。
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai，______________
______________.
so that/in order that they could understand it better
both are highly
recommended
5．我的确希望你能尽快地克服这些困难。
you can overcome these difficulties .
I really hope
as quickly as you can
Ⅲ.语法填空
Global efforts have been made to fight against AIDS. Several drugs have been developed that can 1. (success) control the HIV virus that causes AIDS. However, more than one drug is needed to fight the virus effectively. A combination of two 2. three drugs reduces the level of HIV in the blood of an infected person.This 3. (call) a drug program.
1．解析：考查词性转换。此处用于修饰动词control，故用success的副词形式successfully。
答案：successfully
2．解析：考查连词。结合句意可知，这里表示“两三种药物的结合”，故用连词or。
答案：or
3．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处是陈述一种客观事实，故用一般现在时；句子主语为this，与动词call之间构成动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态is called。
答案：is called
Several large international drug companies each developed one or more of the drugs used to control HIV.The companies hold legal 4._____
(right) over the sale of these drugs.
Brazil now produces an AIDS drug program 5. costs only about 3,000 dollars. It says the cost to make the drugs can be reduced
6. (far). However, international drug companies say they are being hurt by Brazil's method for reducing the cost of the drugs.
4．解析：考查名词的单复数。right在句中作名词，表示“权利”，为可数名词，由于前面没有不定冠词，故此处需要用right的复数形式。
答案：rights
5．解析：考查定语从句的引导词。本句为限制性定语从句，先行词为program，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故用that或which。
答案：that/which
6．解析：考查比较级。此处表示“生产药品的成本可以进一步降低”，由于这里表示的是抽象概念，指“在程度上更深层次或更进一步”，故用further。
答案：further
Drug companies in other countries are also making AIDS drugs
7. a reduced cost. Last year, an Indian company 8. ____________
(announce) plans to sell a one year AIDS drug program for 350 dollars to a doctors' group 9. (work)in Africa. The group, Doctors Without Borders, has led a campaign to force international drug companies 10. (reduce) prices on drugs for the world's poorest people.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。艾滋病是一个世界级的难题，全世界都在为攻克这一难题而努力。
7．解析：考查介词。at a reduced cost表示“以较低的成本”，为固定搭配。
答案：at
8．解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语last year可知，需要用一般过去时。
答案：announced
9．解析：考查非谓语动词。该词在句中作后置定语，且group与work之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
答案：working
10．解析：考查非谓语动词。force sb.to do sth.意为“逼迫/迫使某人做某事”，为固定用法。
答案：to reduce
Ⅳ.短文改错
My mother is sixty five year old, that devotes herself to the whole family and us three daughters. Today I still remember clearly that there was the time when life was really hard in a remote mountain village. People there had a strong prejudice that girls should not go to school and stay at home doing housework. However, my mother held a total opposite view that her three daughters should get educated no matter what others thought and no matter what hard life was. My mother got
little education because the poverty and she decided not to let the same thing to happen to her girls. To his delight, we three sisters went to college and got well educated. And now, we all have our jobs and our own happy families. We are such grateful for what Mum has done for us.
2023届高考英语复习语法专题★★ 形容词和副词
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)It will (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
2．(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)But that's how nature is—always leaving us ___________ (astonish)．
3．(2021·全国乙卷)What's more, doing housework can be a form of ________ (mentally) relaxation from study.
undoubtedly
astonished
mental
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.________________
2．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)I'm surely you'll have a good time.__________
3．(2021·全国甲卷)In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.____________
simply→simple
surely→sure
mostly→most
(一)形容词在句中可作定语、表语、宾补、主补或状语
1．以“a ”开头的形容词常作表语，如：afraid，alone，alive，ashamed，awake等；常作表语的形容词还有content，worth，ill，sure等。
The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。
形容词、副词的基本用法
2．形容词作状语表示原因、伴随、结果等，表示主语的状态和特征，逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
Having been praised by the teacher，the little girl ran back home，happy and satisfied.
被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，非常高兴和满足。
(二)副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子
He is old enough to go to school.
他年龄足够大了，可以上学了。
[特别提醒] 常作评注性状语，置于句首修饰整个句子的副词有fortunately，luckily，surprisingly，honestly，personally，actually，thankfully等。
Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain paid off in the end.
谢天谢地，我打完了比赛，所有的付出都得到了回报。
?对点小练
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．The old people there were talkative and they told us their ________ (person) stories cheerfully.
2．Some students are so worried about the exam that they can't fall sleep at night._______________
personal
sleep→asleep
(一)形容词和副词的原级
基本结构：
(1)表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，可用以下三种形式表示：
①as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as
②as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词＋as
③as＋many/much＋复数名词/不可数名词＋as
形容词和副词的比较等级
Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．
＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．
亨利和彼得一样都是好工人。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
(2)表示双方不相等时，用“not so/as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”结构。
Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.
亨利的书不如我的多。
[特别提醒] 下列短语是固定用法：as long as “只要”；as far as “远至……，就……而言”；as well as “也”。
As far as I know，he is a reliable person.
就我所知，他是一个可靠的人。
(二)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1．比较级与最高级的构成
(1)规则变化：
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般加 er或 est tall taller tallest
long longer longest
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 以e结尾的，只加 r或 st nice nicer nicest
fine finer finest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写该辅音字母再加 er或 est big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
fat fatter fattest
词形分类及变化构成 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 以“辅音字母＋ y”结尾的，先变y为i再加 er或 est happy happier happiest
easy easier easiest
其他双音节词
和多音节词 在前面加more或most difficult more
difficult most
difficult
beautiful more
beautiful most
beautiful
[特别提醒] 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect，favorite等，没有最高级，也不与比较级连用；有些词本身含有比较的意义，其后用to而不用than，如：superior to优/高于； inferior to次于； senior to年长于，地位高于； junior to地位低于等。
(2)不规则变化：
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad (badly)/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/ furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2.比较级的用法
(1)比较级的常见结构
①“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”；“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”结构，表示“一方不及另一方……”。
The breadth of education is more important than its length，and the length of life is less important than its depth.
教育的长度不及广度重要，人生的长度不及深度重要。
②表示一方程度随另一方程度平行变化时，用“the＋比较级．..the＋比较级...”，意为“越……就越……”。
The more you learn，the more you wish to learn.
你学的越多，你就越是想学。
③不与其他事物相比较，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.
我们学校正变得越来越漂亮。
④表示“和……一样不……”时，用“no＋比较级＋than”结构。
You are no taller than I．你和我一样矮。
⑤“the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词”表示“两个中较……的那
个”。
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
那两个男孩中较高的那个是我的哥哥。
⑥形式为比较级结构的习惯用语
短语及含义 例句
more than超过，不止，不仅仅；非常 Peace is much more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。
She is more than selfish.
她非常自私。
more...than...与其……不如…… She is more thoughtless than stupid.
与其说她笨，还不如说她粗心大意。
短语及含义 例句
not more than至多 I have not more than ten books in my bag.
我的书包里的书不多于10本。
no more than只有 I have no more than ten books in my bag.
我的书包里只有10本书。
less than少于 It had cost Tom less than five dollars.
汤姆花了不到五美元买了这件东西。
短语及含义 例句
no less than有……之多 No less than a thousand people came.
来的竟有一千人之多。
not less than不少于，至少 He is not less than 80 years old.
他至少80岁了。
(2)比较级形式表示最高级意义的表达方式
①“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before.
你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
②比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词；
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词；
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词。
The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/than all the other rivers/than any of the other rivers in China.
长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。
3．最高级的用法
(1)形容词最高级(＋名词)＋表示范围的状语
She is the most active student in our class.
她是我们班最活跃的学生。
(2)one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in our country.
上海是我国最大的城市之一。
(3)序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.
非洲是世界上第二大洲。
(4)常用的最高级的修饰语有by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really以及序数词等。
It was by far the worst speech he had ever made.
这是他迄今发表过的最差的演讲。
[特别提醒] by far通常用来修饰最高级，但也可修饰比较级，修饰比较级时，一般放在比较级后面，若在前面，应在两者之间加the。
The book is better by far than that one.
这本书要比那本书好得多。
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
他是两兄弟中较高的那一个。
?对点小练
单句语法填空/单句改错
3．I have never met a (kind) teacher than Mrs. Smith before.
4．I have seldom seen my mother very pleased with my progress as she is now.____________
kinder
very→as/so
倍数表达法
Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
＝Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
＝Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
我们的教室是他们教室的三倍大。
The length of this road is four times what it was three years ago.
这条路的长度是三年前的四倍。
常见的易混词
beside在旁边(或附近) besides 此外，而且
late迟的，晚的 lately近来
later后来，以后
latest 最近的，最新的
ago以前(以现在为起点) before以前(以过去为起点)
somewhere某处 everywhere到处
high 在高处；高 highly 高度地；很；非常
wide广阔地；充分地 widely广泛地；普遍地
deep深深地 deeply深刻地；深沉地
free免费地 freely自由地；畅通地
close接近；紧挨着 closely仔细地；紧密地
hard努力地 hardly几乎不
near在附近 nearly几乎，差不多
[特别提醒] 下列单词以 ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly, timely等。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2021·浙江卷)When the house was built，it was much _________ (small) than it is today.
2．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ______ (fine) work，so that he could choose the best.
smaller
finest
3．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)As the small boat moved (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
4．Cars and other vehicles burn petrol in their engines，and electrical power plants most often burn fuels such as coal and oil in order to produce electricity. ，the more petrol and electricity we consume，the more carbon dioxide we are letting off.
gently
Therefore/Thus
5．Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a (health) baby and so on.
6．Thousands of computer enthusiasts find computer shows around the country so (attract) that they buy parts，take them home and assemble (组装) their own computers.
7．It is the (common) used language in China and among the largest languages in the world.
healthy
attractive
most commonly
8．Sometimes when a long time goes by without being recognized for the good we do，we start to get upset，but a simple statement of appreciation could make us become (energy) again for a good long time.
9．This August，MOE instructed local governments and schools to inform every child and their parents of “watching the show together”． ，the parents who stayed home for the yearly tradition disapproved of a range of content from Saturday's show.
10．You can (easy) jump from one website to another.
energetic
However
easily
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我坚信这也给了我一些生活和学习方面的动力。
it also has given me some other motivation of life and study.
2．更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和提升我的能力的好机会。
to promote Chinese culture and develop my ability.
I hold the firm belief that
More importantly，I consider it a good chance
3．我对茶的传统制作过程做了详细的说明，以便他们能更好地理解它。
I explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail __________
__________________________________________.
4．“长江之行”和“泰山之旅”这两条旅行线路都很值得推荐。
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai，______________
______________.
so that/in order that they could understand it better
both are highly
recommended
5．我的确希望你能尽快地克服这些困难。
you can overcome these difficulties .
I really hope
as quickly as you can
Ⅲ.语法填空
Global efforts have been made to fight against AIDS. Several drugs have been developed that can 1. (success) control the HIV virus that causes AIDS. However, more than one drug is needed to fight the virus effectively. A combination of two 2. three drugs reduces the level of HIV in the blood of an infected person.This 3. (call) a drug program.
1．解析：考查词性转换。此处用于修饰动词control，故用success的副词形式successfully。
答案：successfully
2．解析：考查连词。结合句意可知，这里表示“两三种药物的结合”，故用连词or。
答案：or
3．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处是陈述一种客观事实，故用一般现在时；句子主语为this，与动词call之间构成动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态is called。
答案：is called
Several large international drug companies each developed one or more of the drugs used to control HIV.The companies hold legal 4._____
(right) over the sale of these drugs.
Brazil now produces an AIDS drug program 5. costs only about 3,000 dollars. It says the cost to make the drugs can be reduced
6. (far). However, international drug companies say they are being hurt by Brazil's method for reducing the cost of the drugs.
4．解析：考查名词的单复数。right在句中作名词，表示“权利”，为可数名词，由于前面没有不定冠词，故此处需要用right的复数形式。
答案：rights
5．解析：考查定语从句的引导词。本句为限制性定语从句，先行词为program，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故用that或which。
答案：that/which
6．解析：考查比较级。此处表示“生产药品的成本可以进一步降低”，由于这里表示的是抽象概念，指“在程度上更深层次或更进一步”，故用further。
答案：further
Drug companies in other countries are also making AIDS drugs
7. a reduced cost. Last year, an Indian company 8. ____________
(announce) plans to sell a one year AIDS drug program for 350 dollars to a doctors' group 9. (work)in Africa. The group, Doctors Without Borders, has led a campaign to force international drug companies 10. (reduce) prices on drugs for the world's poorest people.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。艾滋病是一个世界级的难题，全世界都在为攻克这一难题而努力。
7．解析：考查介词。at a reduced cost表示“以较低的成本”，为固定搭配。
答案：at
8．解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语last year可知，需要用一般过去时。
答案：announced
9．解析：考查非谓语动词。该词在句中作后置定语，且group与work之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
答案：working
10．解析：考查非谓语动词。force sb.to do sth.意为“逼迫/迫使某人做某事”，为固定用法。
答案：to reduce
Ⅳ.短文改错
My mother is sixty five year old, that devotes herself to the whole family and us three daughters. Today I still remember clearly that there was the time when life was really hard in a remote mountain village. People there had a strong prejudice that girls should not go to school and stay at home doing housework. However, my mother held a total opposite view that her three daughters should get educated no matter what others thought and no matter what hard life was. My mother got
little education because the poverty and she decided not to let the same thing to happen to her girls. To his delight, we three sisters went to college and got well educated. And now, we all have our jobs and our own happy families. We are such grateful for what Mum has done for us.