(共39张PPT)
形容词副词及比较级
最高级原级比较
教学目标
1、能够记住形容词副词口诀快板词,理解副词形容词的概念。
2、能够记住形容词副词比较级最高级及原级比较句式结构。
3、能够利用形容词副词及形容词副词比较级最高级原级做各种
题型的题目。
4、在实际生活中能够用所学的语言进行交际。
5、通过综合复习,让学生体验到成功的喜悦感,增强学好英语的
信心。
课堂导入
形容词用法口诀快板演唱
课堂导入
你 唱 我 唱 大 家 唱
形容词口诀快板词
形容词作定语,不定后名前。
形容作词表语,系动词后边。
动宾形相连,宾补它来担。
名词化形容词,定冠形容前,
表示一类人,复数意义显。
数词单位形,连字符相连,
此处作定语,单位数为单。
数词单位形,不用字符连,
此时作表语,单位可复单。
形容词口诀
快板演唱伴奏
课堂导入
副词用法口诀快板演唱
课堂导入
副词用法口诀快板演唱
副词口诀快板
演唱伴奏
副词用法口诀快板词
修饰全句动形副,副词用法显力度,
修饰形副前边走,修饰全句放句首,
Enough 不一般,放在形副词后边,
频度副词最常见,系助情后实义前,
时间副词句尾按,强调时间句首添,
Sometimes不一般,句首句尾句中按。
already用于肯定句,否疑句用yet换。
多个副词在句中,程方地时顺序连,
句型动宾副相连,宾语补足它来担。
新知讲解
(一)形容词的定义及位置
说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态,常用来修饰名词或某些代词的词叫做
形容词。形容词一般放在名词前,在句子中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。
1、口诀:形容作定语,不定后名前。
解读:作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后。
如:The beautiful girl is my sister。这个漂亮女孩是我妹妹。
I have something important to tell you.。我有重要的事情告诉你。
一、形容词的用法位置
新知讲解
2、口诀:形容作表语,系动词后边。
解读:作表语,放在系动词之后。
如:Our school is big and clean. 我们的学校又大又干净。
I felt terrible this morning. 我今天早上感觉不舒服。
3、口诀:动宾形相连,宾补它来担。
解读:动词+宾语+形容词句型,作宾语补足语,放在宾动词语之后。
如:you must keep your eyes closed. 你必须闭上眼睛。
I find it hard to travel around the big city. 我发现环游这个城市很困难。
新知讲解
4、口诀:数词单位形,连字符相连,此处作定语,单位数为单。
数词单位形,不用字符连,此时作表语,单位可复单。
解读:(1)数词+单位+表示特征的形容词,并用连字符连接起来,单位用作单数
此结构用作作定语
(2)数词+单位+表示特征的形容词,没有连字符连接,单位根据需要有单
数和复数的变化。此结构用作作定语
例句 :(1)He is a month-year- old baby.
The baby is one month old.(how old)
(2)Thre is a 10-meter-tall tree.
The tree is 10 meters tall.(how tall)
(3)He is crossing a 150 -meter-wide river.
The river is 150 meters wide.(how wide)
新知讲解
5、口诀:复数一类人,The在形容前。
解读:某些形容词放在定冠词之后,变成名词,表示一类人。常见的有good/bad;rich/poor;young/old;deaf/blind;black/white; living/dead等。
如:The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。
The young should be polite to the old. 年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。
新知讲解
(二)形容词的构成
(1)名词+ful: helpful; careful thankful wonderful等。
(2)名词+y : rainy; cloudy; sunny windy snowy lucky healthy 等
(3)动词+ing : interesting; exciting, surprising等(用来指物)。
(4)动词+ed:worried,excited,interested,suiprized 等(用来指物)
(5)其它 wool---woolen; friend---friendly;
hundred-meter(race); kind-hearted
hard-working等。
新知讲解
(一)副词的定义及位置
是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词,主要用表示来动作复数的方式地点时间,对形容词或副词在程度上加以描绘,真实生动地反映动作行为及所陈述事情的性质特征。副词主要是作状语,有少数可以作表语、宾补和后置定语。
1、口诀:修饰全句动形副,副词用法显力度,
解读:副词主要用来修饰实义动词、形容词、副词,也客修饰整个句子。
2、口诀:修饰全句放句首,修饰形副前边走。
解读:修饰全句的副词一般只放在句首
Undoubtedly, he made a mistake. 无疑,他犯了一个错误。 Luckily, they survived the severe winter. 幸运的是,他们熬过了寒冬。
Very good ,,quite pretty ,very qickly ,quite well, rather early. 。
二、形容词的用法位置
新知讲解
3、口诀:副词亦可作表语,用于系动词后边,
解读:He will be back in two days.
The film has been on for 5 minites.
4、口诀:副词很少作定语,后置定语名后边。
解读: the students here
the trees there
5、口诀:Enough 不一般,放在形副词后边,
解读:He looks careful enough。
He writes carefully enough.
新知讲解
7、口诀:频度副词最常见,系助情后实义前,
Sometimes也不一般,句首句尾都可安。
解读:表频率,always, often, sometimes, usually, never, seldom,一般用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前,sometimes可用于句首或句尾。如:
The boys seldom eat chicken but the girls often eat it.
He usually goes to school at 6:00 in the morning.
I have ever seen the film.
Sometimes I go to work by bus./ I sometimes go to work by bus./ I go to work by bus sometimes.
新知讲解
8、口诀:时地方式常后边,强调他们句首添,
其他不确定时间,句首句尾句中安。
解读:表示地点、方式、时间的副词作状语大多数放在句尾,也可以放在句首,不过放在句首往往带强调口气。
We have many new friends here. 我们在这有很多新朋友。
They will call back tomorrow. 他们将明天回电话。
=Tomorrow they will call back. (强调tomorrow)
Mary packed the gift carefully. 玛丽小心地包好礼物。
=Carefully Mary packed the gift. (强调carefully)
新知讲解
9、口诀:时间副词常后边,强调时间句首添,
其他不确定时间,句首句尾句中安。
解读:表确定时间,today, yesterday, tomorrow,一般用于句尾,强调时用于句首。如:It’s Sunday today. Tomorrow morning I’ll go to the park.
②表不确定时间,recently, soon, already, yet,可用于句尾,用于句中(be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前),也可用于句首。如:Have you seen any films recently, Sandy I have already finished my homework. I have not heard from her yet.
新知讲解
10、口诀:多个副词在句中,程方式地时顺序连,
解读:副词连用的顺序:程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词;多个时间副词、地点副词连用时,按“由小到大”的顺序。如:The students all worked very hard there yesterday.
(1) 时间副词: today, yesterday, tomorrow
(2) 地点副词:home here, there, up, down, around,位于动词之后。如:I must stay home to look after my sister. He looked around, but saw nothing.
(3) 方式副词:fast, quickly, slowly, happily,不及物动词之后,句尾。如:Lily ran quickly and caught the bus. The children were playing happily.
(4) 程度副词:very, quite, rather, too,常用于所修饰词之前;enough,用于所修饰的形容词、副词之后。如:It is quite a nice horse. English is very useful. The little boy is old enough to go to school.
新知讲解
11、口诀:动词宾语副相连,宾语补足它来担。
解读:let him in.
An apple a day keep the doctor away.
新知讲解
(二)形容词变副词的方法
1、以ue结尾的要去e加ly,例如:true-truly。
2、以le结尾的要去e加y,例如:
gentle-gently、possible-possibly。Terrible--terribly
3、其他以e结尾的直接加ly,例如:polite-politely、wide-widely。
其他形容词变副词的规则:
1、一般形容词变副词直接在其后接ly。比如quick的副词就是quickly。
2、以辅音字母y结尾的形容词变副词要变y为i再加ly。
比如happy的副词就是happily。Luicky------luickily
3、以ic结尾的形容词变副词在其后加ally。
比如economic的副词就是economically。
4、以ll结尾的形容词变副词,在其后加y即可。比如dull的副词就是dully。
新知讲解
三、形容词、副词的比较级与最高级
一)形容词、副词比较级与最高级的构成
1.规则变化
(1)单音节形容词和部分双音节词的变化规则
一般:一般在词尾加er 或est
去e:以不发音的字母e 结尾的加er 或est
双写.一元一辅结尾重
ier/iest:以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i加er 或est
练习.写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
long tall new cheap short young light Small old hard quick slow nice late safe big red hot wet fat easy heavy early thirsty happy busy
新知讲解
(2)部分双音节和多音节形容词、副词的变化规则:
在词前加 more 或most
练习、写出下列词的比较级和最高级
expensive beautiful interesting delicious quickly slowly strongly (由形容词加ly构成的副词在变比较级和最高级时用more或most)
新知讲解
2.不规则变化
good –better –best
well –better—best
bad—worse—worst
badly-worse –worst
ill-- worse –worst
many –more – most
much– more –most
few---fewer –fewest
little—less—least
Far—farther—fathest/ further---furthest
新知讲解
二)形容词、副词比较级的用法
用于两个人和事物相比较,常用than 连接比较的事物。如:
1.My pen is longer than your.
2.I have more apples than you .
3.the country is more beautiful than the city.
4.This lesson is easier than that one.
5.The picture in Lesson one is better than that in Lesson 2
6.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.
7.The pictures in Lesson 1 are better than those in Lesson 2
新知讲解
8.Which is bigger ,this apple or that one
9.Who runs fater,Li Ming or Li Lei
10.Which do you like better,dogs or chicks
11.Who is the taller of the two. (表示两者之中的较为突出者(通常有 of the two 结构),此时要在比较级前使用定冠词。)
12.He is taller than the other students in his class.
13.He runs more quickly than any other Student in his class.
新知讲解
(三)比较级前面的修饰语:
比较级的前面加much ,a lot、 a little、a bit, a little bit、far、rather、
still, even、等表示比较程度的加深
比较级前可用a little, a bit, a little bit, slightly等修饰,表示“稍微”、
“一点”。如:
It’s a little colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天稍冷一点。
They’re a little bit better now. 现在他们稍好一点儿了。
2. 比较级前可用much, far, by far, a lot, a good deal, a great deal, rather等修饰,表示“……得多”。如:
She’s a good deal better today. 她今天好多了。
There are far more people than we expected. 人比我们预计的多得多。
注意:quite 也可修饰比较级,表示“……得多”,但该比较级通常只限于 better。如:He’s quite better now. 他现在好多了。
新知讲解
3. 比较级前可用even, still修饰,表示“更……”。如:
It was even colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天还要冷。
The next day she got up still earlier. 第二天她起床更早些。
4. 当形容词比较等级修饰名词作定语时,其前通常加冠词(特指用定冠词,泛指用不定冠词);另外,有时要表示两者之中的较为突出者(通常有 of the two 结构),此时要在比较级前使用定冠词。如:
If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time. 要是没有考试的话,我们在学校玩得还会更开心。
Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the cheaper one. 我选定这两件中较便宜的那件衬衫。
新知讲解
1.这个箱子比那个箱子重多了。
2.这一课比那一课有趣多了。
3.他跑得比我快一点。
5、表示“比…大/老/长…”时,用“数词+名词+比较级+than...
如:I am three years older than you.我比你大三岁。
This tree is three meters longer than that one.这棵树比那棵高三米。
6、表示“两者之间较……一个(of the two)”时,常用“the +比较级”结构。
如:Mary is the taller of the twins.玛丽是双胞胎中较高的那个。
新知讲解
7、表示“越来越……”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”
多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and more+形容词原级”。 如:
It‘s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的家乡变得越来越漂亮
8、表示“越……就越……”时,用“the+比较级,the +比较级“结构
如:The warmer the weather is, the better I feel.天气越暖和我感觉越舒服
The more, the better. 越多,越好。
The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼的越多,你将会越健康。
The more you help others, the happier you feel. 你帮助别人越多,你就越快乐。
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心,你出的错儿就越少。
新知讲解
(四)形容词、副词最高级的用法
用于三个或三个以上的人或事物相比较。最高级后常跟in或 of短语,表示比较的范围,of 短语表示同类事物相比较,in 短语表示不同类事物相比较,只表示比较的地点范围.形容词最高级前面要加the ,副词最高级前可加 可不加.
He is the tallest in his class.
He is the tallest of all the students.
Liu Xiang runs most quickly in the world.
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
Who is the best,Lucy,Lily or Jim
新知讲解
(五)最高级前面的修饰语
最高级可用 by far, much, about, almost, nearly及序数词修饰,表示程度或顺序。如:
This is by far the best. 这一个显然是最好的。
This is much the most difficult. 这是最最难。
Hainan is China’s second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛。
(六)one of the 最高级+名词复数 最 …中的一个
1.上海是中国城市中最大的一个.
2.狗是世界上最有趣的动物之一
3.他是我们学校最高的学生之一.
新知讲解
(七)、比较级与最高级的互换
典型例句:1.He is the tallest in his class.
any other student(任何一个其他学生)
any other one (任何一个其他学生)
He is taller than the other students (其他的学生) in his
the others(其他的) class
anybody else(其他任何一个人)
新知讲解
1.Liu Xiang runs _______(fast)than the other runners in the world.
2.The man is much ______(strong)than the woman.
3.Which do you like ____(well), the country or the city
4.I have four apples, you have three apples, It means I have _______ apples than you.Or You have ______ apples than I.
5.The rain was________(heavy) last night.
There was ______(heavy) rain last night.
It rained ______(heavy)last night
练习.用所给形容词、副词的适当形式填空
faster
more stronger
better
fewer
more
heavy
heavy
heavily
新知讲解
6.He is much ______(quick) than I.
He runs much ______(quick)than I
7.How ______(heavy) the rain is!
How _______(heavy)it is raining!
What a _____(heavy) rain it is!
8.He looks ____(happy).
How _____(happy) the girl looks!
9.The girl looked at the panda __(happy)
How _____(happy)she is looking at it!
10.How ____(careful)his handwriting is!
How ____(careful)he wrote!
heavy
happy
happy
happily
happily
careful
carefully
heavily
heavy
more quickly
quicker
新知讲解
四、形容词、副词的原级比较
1、说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。
如:The flowers in the garden are beautiful . 花园里的花漂亮。
2、有表示绝对概念的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
如:The boy is too young. 这个男孩太小。
表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
as ----- as(中间加形容词副词原形),表示--- 和---- 一样----
not so/as ----- as(中间加形容词副词原形),表示--- 和---- 不一样----,或者---- 不如--- -------
新知讲解
(1)肯定句中的结构:“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B”,
如:English is as interesting as Chinese. 英语和语文一样有趣。
Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim. 小明和吉姆一样高。
(2)否定句中的结构:“A…+as /so+形容词原级+as+B”,
如:This book isn't as new as that one. 这本书不如那本书新。
I am not so careful as Lucy. 我没有露西仔细。
(3)表示“A是B的……倍”时,用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。
(一倍:once;二倍:twice; 三倍以上:数字+times)
如:Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
The table is twice as long as that one. 这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。
课堂练习
( )1. I found he looked ___ than last time when I went to see him.
A. better B. well C. good D. bad
( )2. She's already ___ her brother.
A. so tall than B. as tall than C. so tall as D. as tall as
( )3. It is said that it is ___ today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter
( )4. Shanghai is bigger than ___ in Japan.
A. any other city B. all the other cities C. any city D. the other cities
( )5. ___ you speak English, ___ you can speak. A. The more; better
B. More; the better C. More; better D. The more; the better
( )6. They have just cleaned the windows, so the room looks ___ .
A. more brighter B. more bright C. less brighter D. much brighter
针对性训练
A
D
D
A
D
B
课堂练习
( )7. Each of us was too tired to go any ___ .
A. far B. farer C. much farther D. farther
( )8. ---Dad, could you buy me a bike like this
--- Hmm, we can buy ___ one than this, but as good as this.
A. better B. the best C. a cheaper D. a cheap
( )9. Now it is ___ here, but it is even ___ in Jinan.
A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hottest
C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter
( )10. ---I can't afford the white dress. Can you show me something cheaper
---What about the orange one The price is a little ___ .
A. cheaper B. lower C. higher D. more expensive
D
C
D
A
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