(共32张PPT)
英语八大时态之
现在完成时口诀解读及精讲精练
教学目标
1、能够记住现在完成时口诀快板词，理解现在完成时的概念。
2、能够记住现在完成时的谓语构成
3、能够记住动词现过去分词的变化规则口诀，确写出动词过去分词。
4、能够利用现在完成时做各种题型的题目。
5、在实际生活中能够用所学的语言进行交际。
6、通过综合复习，使学生体验成功喜悦感，增强学好英语的信心。
课堂热身
现在完成时口诀
快 板 演 唱
课堂导入
你唱我唱大家唱
现在完成时口诀快板演唱伴奏
新知讲解
对时态的理解
口诀：不同时间发生的事，对应不同的时态，时态不同意不同，动词形变来完成。
解读：不同的时间对应不同的时态，不同的时态是通过谓语动词的不同形式来表现。
和其他时态相比较，变化的只是动词谓语部分，其他成分没有发生变化。
新知讲解
现在完成时的概念（一）：
口诀：动作发生再过去，而且现在已完成，
时地方式不强调，影响结果它强调，
解读：现在完成时表示过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状
态，即动作发生在过去，而且已经完成，它强调对现
在造成的影响或结果，不强调动作发生的时间地点方式。
现在完成时的时间：
口诀：此种情况词眼多，already/yet常碰到，
ever/never/just/,recently 也遇到，
解读：现在完成时常与表示不确定的时间状语如already, ever,
never, recently,just, yet , before，as far等连用。
新知讲解
现在完成时的概念（二）：
口诀：现完用法另一条，for或since少不了，
动作发生再过去，延续至今（或）停不了，
延续性动词办得到，瞬间动词做不了，
解读：动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，并且有可能继续延续下去。
现在完成时的时间：
口诀：现完用法另一条，for或since少不了，
解读：从过去某个时刻（或时间）一直延续到现在的时间状语，由“for+
时间段”，“since+过去某个时间或since连接的一般过去时的从
句”,如for three years, since last autumn, since he came to
China, in the last three years, 及in the last three years 等。
新知讲解
现在完成时动词谓语的构成：
口诀：时态变化靠动词，have/has加过分错不了，
解读：现在完成时的谓语构成，
要写成 have或has加动词的过去分词
I have read the book already.
I haven’t read the book yet.
He has gone to London.
They have bulit 3 bulidings .
新知讲解
look looked looked, cook cooked cooked, ask asked asked ,
work worked worked , pass passed passed , watch watched watched,
wash washed washed, jump jumped jumped , laugh laughed laughed,
play played played , clean cleaned cleaned , call called called,
climb climbed climbed, join joined joined , hang（吊死） hanged , hanged,
cpen opened opened , visit visited visited , want wanted wanted,
like liked liked, love loved loved, dance danced danced,
move moved moved , smile smiled smiled
shop shopped shopped, prefer preferred preferred,
worry worried worried, try tried tried , hurry hurried hurried,
try tried tried, marry married married,
travel traveled/travelled traveled/travelled,
quarrel quarreled /quarrelled quarreled /quarrelled,
规 则 变 化
过分变化有两种，规则不规则要记牢
规则变化用ed，直加双写去哑e，辅加y来结尾，y变成ied，
新知讲解
cost（花费） cost cost, cut（割） cut cut , hit（打） hit hit,
hurt 伤害） hurt hurt, let（让） let let, set (安放) set set,
put（放） put put , read （读） read read,
(2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）
beat（跳动） beat beaten,
(3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）
become（变成） became become, come（来） came come , run（跑） ran run,
(4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）
dig（挖） dug dug, get（得到） got got, hang（悬挂） hung hung,
hold（抓住） held held, shine（照耀） shone shone, sit（坐） sat sat,
win （赢） won won, meet（遇见） met met,
keep （保持） kept kept sleep（睡） slept slept, sweep（扫） swept swept, feel（感觉） felt felt, smell（闻） smelt smelt, leave（离开） left left, build（建设） built built, lend（借出） lent lent, send （传送) sent sent, spend（花费） spent spent
不规则也有规律寻，课本上的表要记准
新知讲解
lose （丢失） lost lost, burn （燃烧） burnt burnt, learn（学习） learnt learnt
mean（意思是meant meant,
catch（抓住）caught caught, teach（教） taught taught, bring（带来） brought brought
fight （战斗） fought fought, buy（买） bought bought, think（想） thought thought
hear （听见） heard heard, sell（卖） sold sold, tell（告诉） told told
say（说） said said, find（找到） found found, have/has（有） had had
make（制造） made made, stand（站） stood stood, understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）
begin（开始） began begun, drink（喝） drank drunk, ring（铃响） rang rung,
sing （唱） sang sung, swim（游泳） swam swum,
blow（吹） blew blown, draw （画） drew drawn, fly（飞） flew flown,
grow（生长） grew grown, know（知道） knew known, throw（投掷） threw thrown, show（出示） showed shown ,break（打破） broke broken , choose（选择） chose chosen
forget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot),speak（说,讲） spoke spoken, wake（醒） woke woke
不规则也有规律寻，课本上的表要记准
新知讲解
drive（驾驶） drove driven, eat（吃） ate eaten, fall（落下） fell fallen
give（给） gave given, rise（升高） rose risen
take（取） took taken, mistake（弄错） mistook mistaken
ride（骑） rode ridden, write（写） wrote written
do（做） did done, go（去） went gone,
lie（平躺） lay lain, see（看见） saw seen, wear （穿） wore worn
be ( am,is,are )（是）was,were been
不规则也有规律寻，课本上的表要记准
新知讲解
典型示例
㈠口诀：动作发生再过去，而且现在已完成，时地方式不强调，影响结果它强调，此种情况词眼多，already/yet常碰到，ever/never/just/,recently 也遇到
解读：过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状态，即动作发生在过去，而且已经完成，它强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常于already, ever, never, recently, just, yet , before,so far 等表示不确定的时间状语连用。
1.I have already sent him a letter.我已经给他寄去信了。（对现在造成的影响是他可能收到信了或者不久有可能收到信）
2.She has ever seen the film.她曾经看过这个电影。（对现在造成的影响是她有可能知道这个电影的一些内容）
3.They have bought a new house.他们买了新房子了。（对现在造成的影响是他们有新房子住了）
4.We have just eaten our meals.我们刚刚吃过饭了。（对现在造成的影响是我们现在不饿）
新知讲解
典型示例
口诀：现完用法另一条，for或since少不了，动作发生再过去，
延续至今（或）停不了，延续性动词办得到，瞬间动词做不了，
解读：㈡表示从过去某个时刻（或时间）一直延续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作，常与“for+时间段”，“since+过去某个时间或since连接的一个一般过去时的从句”连用,这时的动词必须是延续性的。
新知讲解
注：⑴不延续性动词，可以用于完成时中，表示动作的完成，肯定句中不能和for及since连接的表示一段时间的状语连用。不延续性动词在完成时中要与for及since连接的表示一段时间的状语连用，须转化成表示状态和延续的动词与短语，如：
come here--------be here, come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in
open--------be open close -----be closed
leave--------be away (from) fall (get) ill----be＋ill
fall (get) asleep---be＋asleep wake/wake up-----be＋awake
lose-----be＋missing(gone,lost) die---------be dead
begin------ be on finish----be over
Marry-----be＋married go out----be out
buy------have put on ------wear
borrow------keep catch a cold-------have a cold join in the army-----be in the army----be a soldier, etc.
典型示例
新知讲解
例句:①He has come to China.他到中国来了。(∨)
He has come to China for ten years.他到中国来了10年了。(×)
He has been in China for ten years. 他到中国来了10年了。(∨)
He came to China ten years ago.10年前他来到了中国。(∨)
②I have bought the pen.我买了这支钢笔了。(∨)
I have bought the pen for three days. 我买了这支钢笔三天了。(×)
I have had the pen for three days. 我买了这支钢笔三天了。(∨)
I bought the pen three days ago.三天前我买了钢笔(∨)
注⑵：不延续性动词完成时的否定句可以和for及since连接的表示一段时间的状语连用。
例句:①I haven’t bought books from the school library for three days.
②He hasn’t caught a cold since he took this medicine.
典型示例
新知讲解
口诀：次数总和或经历，你用现完错不了
解读：
㈢表示从过去某一时间到说话时这一过程中动作发生次数、数量的总和或经历。
①He has read many books in the last two weeks.在过去的两周里他读了许多书。
②They have built 3 bridges since they came here .自从他们来到这里他们已建了
3座桥。
③ It has rained many times this summer.今年夏天天已下了多次雨了。（
④I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。
典型示例
新知讲解
㈣have / has been与have / has gone 的区别
1.have / has been 表示去过某地，说明有某种经历。
①I have been to Beijing before.以前我去过北京。
②He has been to Beijing three times.他去过北京三次了。
③Where have they been 他们去过哪里？
④They have been to England many times.他们去过英国多次了。
2.have / has gone到某地去了。（在途中或已经到了目的地）
①Where has he gone 他到哪里去了？
He has gone to Qingdao.他去青岛了。
②Where are they 他们在哪里？
They have gone to Japan.他们到日本去了。
③She isn’t here, she has gone to Russia.她不在这里，她去俄国了
典型示例
新知讲解
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1.动作发生在过去，而且已经完成，它强调对现在造成的影响或结果，句中没有具体的过去时间。而一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，他强调动作发生的时间、地点、方式等。
①I have just had breakfast.我刚刚吃过早饭。（现在不须再吃了）
I had breakfast a moment ago.我刚才吃的早饭（强调动作发生的时间）
②She has finished her homework .她完成她的作业了。（作业完成，不再做了
She finished her homework five minutes ago.她5分钟以前完成的作业。（强调动作发生的时间）
③We have been on the farm for a month, we have learnt a lot from them.我们在农场里呆了一个月，我们从他们身上学了很多。
We have just come from the farm, we learnt a lot there.我们刚从农场回来，在那里我们学了很多。强调动作发生的地点）
新知讲解
2.现在完成时和一般过去时都可以和this morning, this month , his spring, 等时间状语连用，但两种时态表达的时间概念不一样。用于现在完成时，表示的是包括现在在内的时间状语；用于一般过去时，则表示的是具体的过去时间，不包括现在。
①It has rained many times this summer.今年夏天天已下了多次雨了。（说话时还在夏天）
I saw this film this summer.今年夏天我看的这个电影。（说话时已不在夏天）
②I have done many exercise this morning.今天早晨我做了许多练习。（说话时还是今天早晨）
I did many exercise this morning. 今天早晨我做了许多练习。（说话时不是今天早晨，有可能是下午或者晚上 ）
新知讲解
现在完成时的句型变换
口诀： have/has 是助动词，变疑问，往前提，
变否定，更容易，后加not别忘记。
例句①I have already planted three trees .
否定句:I haven’t planted three trees yet.
疑问句: Have you planted three trees yet (already用于肯定句中，yet用于否定句和一般疑问句中)
肯定回答：Yes, I have.
否定回答：No, I haven’t.
对three提问:How many trees have you planted already.
②He has been here since he left Beijing.
划线提问：How long has he been here
课堂练习
1. I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. He __ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparing D. has been preparing
2.Li Hong has ___ the army for 2 years.
A. joined B. be in C. been in D. joined in
3. Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ___what's happened to him .
A. knew B. have known C. must know D.will know
4. So far this year we __ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen
5.Over the past 12 months the company ___ a 10 percent improvement.
A.managed B.manages C.had managed D. has managed
D
C
B
D
D
6. —______ my glasses —Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A.Do you see B. Had you see C. Would you see D. Have you seen
7. I wonder why Jenny ____ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written
8. John and I ______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we ______ each other a couple of times before that.
A. had been; has seen B. have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen
9. —How long ______ David and Vicky ______ married —For about four years.
A. were; being B. have; got C. have; been D. did; get
10. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.
A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying
D
A
D
C
D
课堂练习
11.You possibly miss the news It ______ on TV all day long.
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
12. Danny ______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked
13. --I have got a headache. No wonder.
--You_________ in front of that computer too long.
A. work B. are working C. have worked D. worked
14. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet
—Yes. We had a great time there.
A. Have shown B. Do show C. Had; shown D. Did; show
15. —Hi, Tracy，you look pale.
—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. paint
A
C
C
A
C
课堂练习
1._______you ever______(be)to the Summer Palace Yes I __________(be)there many times.
2.He ____________(not take) the books to the library, they are still there.
3._____you ever _____(read)the story about Miss Evens
Yes. I ________(read)the story about her last term. I ________(learn)a lot from it.
4.How long _______you _______(live)in this city I ______(live)here for 15years.
5.When ____you ______ (come) I _______(come)here in 1980. In fact I may say that I _________(live)here since I was born.
6.They_______(like）collecting stamps,they ________________(collect)more than 100 wonderful stamps.
7.Our scientist _____________(not visit)the moon yet. They ______(fly)to the moon some day.
8.I ______never________(hear)from him since he _______(leave) school.
have been
been
Have
haven’t taken
read
Have
read
have learnt
have
lived
have lived
did
come
came
have lived
like
have collected
haven’t visited
Will fly
have
heard
left
课堂练习
9.He ________(give) up smoking last year, He _______(not smoke)for about a year.
10.I _________ ( be) to Beijing twice.
11.Where is Jim He ________(go)to London.
12.I ______(lose)my pen, ______ you ________(see)it
13._______you________(find)your science book
Yes,I ________. I _______(find)it a moment ago.
14.The film _____(begin )five minutes ago, it ______(be)on for five minutes.
15.His grandpa _____(die)20years ago. He ________(be)dead for 20years.
16. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night
gave
Hasn’t seen
have been
has gone
lost
have
seen
Have
found
have
found
began
hasbeen
diede
have been
havewaited
课堂练习
17.They ________(arrive)in Beijing 20 minutes ago.
18.They ______________(be)in Beijing for 20 minutes.
19.He______(lose)his key; He can’t remember where he last__(see)it.
20. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my
first formal interview.
21. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months .
22. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning.
23. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 24.I_______already____(see)the film.I________(see)it last week.
25. Have you ever ___(take) a train
26. It ___(be ) more than three years since Jim ___(leave) here.
.
have been
saw
has lost
have looked
has stayed
have played
h ave woandered
Have
seen
saw
taken
has been
left
arrived
课堂练习
1.I have already seen the film.变成 否定句，疑问句：
I haven’t seen the film yet.
Have you seen the filmyet
2. I have already seen the film twice.划线提问
How many times have you seen the film
3.They have been in Beijing for 20 minutes.划线提问
How long have they been in Beijing
4. They have collected more than 100 wonderful stamps.划线提问
How many wonderful stamps have they collected
5. We have waited for him since last night划线提问
How long have you waited for him
课堂总结
作业布置
理解记忆现在完成时记忆口诀，
用现在完成时写出五个句子。
谢谢
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