(共36张PPT)
动词被动语态
口诀解读及精讲精练
教学目标
1、能够记住被动语态口诀快板词，理解被动语态的概念。
2、能够记住被动语态谓语动词抽成。重点理解被动语态各种
时态中的be的不同形式。
3、掌握主动语态变成被动语态的方法。
4、能够利用被动语态快板词做各种题型的题目。
4、在实际生活中能够用所学的语言进行交际。
5、通过综合复习，让学生体验到成功的喜悦感，增强学好英语的
信心。
课堂导入
动词被动语态口诀
快 板 演 唱
课堂导入
动词被动语态口诀
快板演唱伴奏
你唱我唱大家唱
课堂导入
主动语态变被动语态口诀
快 板 演 唱
课堂导入
新知讲解
口诀：执行者，作主语，主动语态来表述，承受者，作主语，被动语态表处理。
解读：一、动词语态的定义及分类
语态是动词的一种形式，它用来表示句中主语同谓语动词之间的关系。
英语有两种语态， 主动语态和被动语态， 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。例如：
1.I have repaired the radio. 我修好了收音机。（主动语态）
The radio has been repaired. 收音机被修好了。（被动语态）
2.The students cleaned the classroom. 学生们打扫了教室。（主动语态）
The classroom was cleaned by the students. 教室被学生们打扫了。（被动语态）
3.They will build some buildings in two years.两年后他们将要建一些大楼。（主动语态）
Some buildings will be built in two years.两年后将要建一些大楼。（被动语态）
新知讲解
二、被动语态谓语构成
口诀：被动谓语变化巧，助动be后过分跑。
be随主语来变化，人称时态把握好。
时态变化全靠be，跟着be的时态跑，
一般现/过用be done，进行时态be being done
一般将来will be done，过去将来would be done ，
现完have/has been加 done,过去完成had been done，
情态动词情be done，时态变化情肩扛。
新知讲解
解读：二、被动语态的构成：
动词被动语态由“助动词be +动词过去分词”构成，它有各种时态的变化，动词被动语态的时态变化是通过助动词be的时态变化来完成的。初中阶段我们重点掌握一般现在时、一般过去时及情态动词的被动语态构成及用法，并对其他时态的被动语态构成及用法有大致的了解。
一般现在时被动语态构成：am(is, are)+动词过去分词
一般过去时被动语态构成：was(were)+ 动词过去分词
一般将来被动语态构成：will be+动词过去分词
过去将来时被动语态构成：would +动词过去分词
现在完成时被动语态构成：have/has been+动词过去分词
过去完成时被动语态构成：had been+动词过去分词
现在进行时被动语态构成：am/is/are+being+动词过去分词
过去进行时被动语态构成：was/were+动词过去分词
情态动词被动语态构成：情态动词+be+动词过去分词(情态动词有时态变
新知讲解
口诀：主动语态变被动，三步操作就搞定，首先宾语变主语，
被动形式作谓语，主语变宾格by连，译成汉语被字句。
解读：
1.将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：
将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；
将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；
将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。
I made the cakes last night.
The cakes were made by me last night.
三、主动语态变成被动语态的方法
新知讲解
口诀： 主动双宾变被动，只有一个作主语，间接宾语做主语，
被动变化不特殊，真金白银作主语，间宾前加for和to。
解读：2.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如：
①He gave the boy an apple．→
The boy was given an apple．
（或An apple was given to the boy．）
②Her father bought her a present．→
She was bought a present by her father．
（或A present was bought for her by her father．）
新知讲解
口诀：短语动词变被动，介词副词不可去。
解读：3.短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：
We must take good care of the young trees．→The young trees must be taken good care of．
口诀：主动使役或感官，省to不定作宾补，变成被动语态句，还原主动省去的to。
解读：4.不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：
They watched the children sing that morning．→The children were watched to sing that morning
新知讲解
口诀：复合宾语作被动，宾补变后成主补
解读：5.带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补 足语。如：
①We call him Xiao Wang．→He is called Xiao Wang． He cut his hair short．→His hair was cut short．
②They told him to help me．→He was told to help me．
口诀：宾语从句变被动，it 先行作主语，
解读：6.含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：
People believe that he is ill．→It is believed that he is ill．（或：He is believed to be ill．）
新知讲解
口诀：静态动词不及物，没有被动是规律，相互反身同源宾，没有被动也为真。
解读：
1)不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：
appear,die,disappear,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silence,lose heart,take place.
2) 某些表示“静态”的及物动词无被动语态（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch agree with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to.
3)带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：
She dreamed a bad dream last night.（同源宾语）
We help each other.(相互代词)
He teaches him English（反身代词）
新知讲解
四．被动语态改为主动语态的方法：
被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语），按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：
History is made by the people．?The people make history．
新知讲解
1.不知道谁是谓语动词动作的执行者时，或者没有必要说出谁是执行者时。
①The glass was broken last night.玻璃昨天被打破了。
②His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被偷了。
③He was asked to go there once more. 他被要求再去那儿一次。
④The bag was put into the box.袋子放在了箱子里。
五、被动语态的应用
新知讲解
2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。
①The plan has been sent to the headmaster. 计划已经送给校长了。
②Kilinton was elected the President of U.S.A.克林顿被选为美国总统。
③Five people were hurt in the explosion.五个人在这次爆炸中受伤。
④A new building was set up in a short time.新大楼短期就建成了。
3.被动语态也可以说出动作的执行者，构成如下：
动作承受者 + be + 过去分词 + by + 动作执行者。
①The picture was praised by everybody.照片得到了大家的好评。
②The classroom was cleaned by us.教室被我们打扫过。
③The bridge was built by workers from Shanxi. 这座桥是山西的工人建的。
④The little boy was found by the police.小孩被警察找到了
新知讲解
口诀：静态动词不及物，没有被动是规律，相互反身同源宾，没有被动也为真。
解读：①某些表示“静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have，fit，suit，hold（容纳），cost， suffer，last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。如：
They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。
My shoes don't fit me．我的鞋不合适。
My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。
How much ／What does it cost？这值多少钱？
Our holiday lasts 10days．我们的假期有十天。
This food will last（them）（for）3days．这食物足够（他们）（吃）三天。
②动词leave（离开），enter（进入），join（参加）不
可用于被动语态。如： The car left the road and hit a tree．车子离开了道路，撞上了树。
注：不能用于被动语态的情况
新知讲解
③某些及物动词可作不及物动词用，特别是后加副词（如well， easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write， wear，wash，cook，open，close，lock，read，record，act，break，catch，cut，clean，drive，draw， let，open，write，wash，wear等等。如：
His new novel is selling well．他的新小说很畅销。
The cloth washes well．这布很耐洗。
This material won't wear．这种材料不耐穿。
His play won't act．他的戏剧不会上演。
The window won't shut．这窗关不上。
The door won't open．这门打不开。
The door won‘t lock．这门锁不上。
This poem reads well．这首诗读来很好。
新知讲解
④feel，look，appear，sound，taste，smell等由实意动词演变而来的系动词，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。如：
Tell me if you feel cold．你要是感到冷就告诉我。
You're looking very unhappy—what's the matter？
你看来很不高兴———怎么回事儿？
The soup tastes wonderful．这汤味道好极了。
Those roses smell beautiful．那些玫瑰好闻极了。
She appears to be friendly．她看上去很友好。
⑤宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时，不可用于被动语态。
Peter hoped to meet her．彼得希望遇见她。
Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter．史密斯先生喜
欢看他的女儿。
新知讲解
⑥宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不可用于被动语态。如：
She can dress herself．她可以自己穿衣服
We could hardly see each other in the fog．在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见
⑦宾语是同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。如：
They live a happy life．他们过着幸福的生活。
The girl dreamed a sweet dream ．那女孩做了个甜美的梦。
⑧宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。如：
The old man broke his（＝the old man‘s）legs．那老人把自己的腿弄断了
The girl shook her（＝the girl's）head．那女孩摇了摇头。
课堂练习
( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year
A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build
( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.
A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened
( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are own C.grows D.grow
( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.
A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited
( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.
A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives
( )6.How many trees ____ this year
A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted
( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.
A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done
( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.
A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made
B
B
A
C
C
C
B
A
课堂练习
( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.
A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws
( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.
A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn
( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.
A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent
( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______ --Last year.
A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used
( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.
A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known
( )14.I ____ in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born
( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.
A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent
( )16.Who _____ this book _____
A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written
B
C
B
B
C
B
D
B
课堂练习
( )17.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.
A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to
( )18.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.
A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us
( )19.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.
A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump
( )20.The school bag ___ behind the chair.
A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put
( )21.Older people ____ well.
A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after
( )22.Our teacher ______ carefully.
A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened
B
B
D
B
B
A
课堂练习
二、把下列句子改写成被动语态
1.They make machines in that factory. __________________________________
2.Every body likes this song. __________________________________
3.He doesn't show the stamps to me. __________________________________
4.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan._____________________________
5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble._______________________________
6.Do the workers build many buildings __________________________________
7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses __________________________________
8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu __________________________________
9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do _________________________
10.How many desks do they buy every term _________________________________
11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.____________________
12.Cranny told us a story last night. __________________________________
_
Machines are made by them in that factory.
This song is liked by every body..
The stamps aren’t shown to me by him.
Rice isn’t grown in the west of Hapan.
Tom is often helped by him when he is in trouble.
Are many buildings built by the workers
Are glasses sometimes broken by Kate
Is a letter always sent to Mr Hu by you
What are the boys often told to do
How many desks are bought by them every term
This kind of shoes was sold by them in this
shop last week.
We were told a story by Granny last night. / A story was told to us by granny last night
课堂练习
13.He didn't give the dictionary to me yesterday.__________________________
14.He didn't buy anything there before he left.____________________________
15.Did he clean the blackboard just now __________________________________
16.When did she cook supper yesterday __________________________________
17.Where did she make them __________________________________
18.Whose ruler did you borrow __________________________________
19.We must tie the young tree to the stick.________________________________
20.They can't mend the bike in that shop.__________________________________
21.You should take good care of her baby.__________________________________
22.You may take it back home. __________________________________
23.May I look after the baby at home __________________________________
24.Must we hand in our exercise-books now _________________________________
25.Can you mend this radio here __________________________________
The dictionary wasn’t given to me by him yesterday.
Anything wasn’t bought by him there before he left.
Was the blackboard cleaned by him just now
When was supper cooked by her yesterday
Where were they made by her
Whose ruler was borrowed by you
The young tree must be tied to the stick by us.
The bike can’t be ment by them in that shop.
Her baby should be taken care of by you.
It may be taken back home by you.
May the baby looked after at home by me
Must our exercise-books be handed in now
Can this radio be mended here by you
课堂练习
一、 将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。
1. We can finish the work in two days. The work _____ _____ _____ in two days.
2. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk ____ ______ in Suzhou.
3. The children will sing an English song.
An English song ____ ____ ___ by the children.
4. You needn't do it now. It ____ _____ _____ by you now.
5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.
A New Year Card ____ ____ ____ her by me last week.
6. Peole use metal for making machines.
Metal ____ ____ for making machines.
7. He made me do that for him. I ____ ____ ____ that for him.
8.I have given this book to the library.
This book ___ ____ ____ to the library.
9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago
____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago
can be finished
is produced
will be sang
needn’t be done
was sent to
is used
was made to
has been given
Was
built
课堂练习
10.We'll put on an English play in our school.
An English play ____ ____ _____ on in our school.
11.More and more farmers buy colour TV sets.
Colour TV sets ___ ___ ___ more and more farmers.
12.My brother often mends his watch. His watch ____ ____ ____ by my brother.
13.We must water the flowers every day. The flowers must ___ ___ (by us) every day.
14.They use knives for cutting things. Knives ___ ___ for cutting things.
15.He made the farmers work for a long time.
The farmers ____ ____ ____ ____ for a long time.
16.Did he break the window yesterday ____ the window ___ ____ ___ yesterday
17.They have sold out the light green dresses. The light green dresses ____ ___ ____ out.
18.We clean the classroom every day. The classroom ____ ____ every day.
19. You must not plant trees in very dry earth.
Trees ___ ____ _____ _____ in very dry earth.
20.You can dig a hole in the earth. A Hole ____ ____ _____ in the earth.
will be put
are bought by
is often mended
be watered
are used
were made to work
Was
broken by him
have been sold
is cleaned
must not be planted
can be dug
二、 用动词的正确语态填空。
1. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
2. That play ________(put) on again sometime next month.
3. The old man is ill. He __ ____ (must send) to the hospital.
4. Vegetables,eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop.
5. What ___ a knife ______ (make) of
It _______________(make) of metal and wood.
6. A Piano concert _____________(give) here last Friday.
7. ______ the magazine ____(can take) out of the bibrary
8. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day.
9. The stars _____________ (can see) in the daytime.
10. Some flowers __________________(water) by Li Ming already.
11. These kinds of machines __________(make) in Japan.
12. Apples _________ ________(grow) in this farm.
are
told
will be put
must be sent
are sold
was
made
was made
was given
Can
be taken
is cleaned
can be seen
have been watered
are made
are geown
课堂练习
13. Russian _______ ______ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.
14. Planes,cars and trains _____ _____ (use) by business people for travelling.
15. The cinema ______ _____ (bulid) in 1985.
16. The bike ___ ____ ____ ___ (must not put) here.
17. A beautiful horse ____ ____ ___ (draw) by John next day.
18. This kind of machine ______ _____(can made) by uncle Wang.
19. Mr. Green ___ ___ (open) two new school.
20. The PLA ______ ______ (found) on August 1st,1927.
21. By the time he was ten, the boy ________(learn)English and French.
22. How long _____ your uncle ____(be) in the city
23. ______ you ____(see) the film yet
Yes, I _______(see) it last week.
24. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980
25. Listen! Someone _________(sing).
26. Tom ________(not have) breadfast yesterday morning.
is learnt
areused
was built
Must not be put
will be drawn
can be made
has opened
was founded
had been learnt
has
been
Have
seen
saw
has lived
Is singing
hasn’t had
课堂总结
动词被动语态口诀
快 板 演 唱
课堂总结
动词被动语态口诀
快板演唱伴奏
你唱我唱大家唱
课堂总结
主动语态变被动语态口诀
快 板 演 唱
课堂总结
谢谢
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