北师大版（2019）必修第一册 Unit3 Celebrations单元语法详解课件(共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
Unit 3 Celebrations
单元语法详解
北师大版新教材必修一
动词的被动语态
本单元重点语法
◆原句再现
a. It is celebrated on the 1sth day of the eighth lunar month.(教材 P52)
b. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. (教材 P52)
c. first, the house was cleaned from top to bottom. (教材 P52)
d. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our
front door. (教材 P52)
e. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. (教
材 P52)
f. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi
accents. (教材 P53)
g. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made.
(教材 P53)
◆被动语态结构：be + 动词的过去分词(done), 被动语态是由主动语
态变来的，也就是把主动语态中的宾语变成主语，谓语动词变为 be
+ done 即可，请观察以下句子
a. The workers make machines in the city.
→ Machines are made (by the workers) in the city.
b. Mary bought a car yesterday.
→ A car was bought (by Mary) yesterday.
◆不同时态中的被动语态
●一般现在时的被动语态: 主语 + am/ is / are +过去分词，请观察以下句子
a. They often sweep the floor after work.
→ The floor is often swept (by them) after work.
b. He usually buys some English books.
→ Some English books are usually bought (by him).
c. Peasants grow wheat in North China.
→ Wheat is grown (by peasants) in North China.
● 一般过去时的被动语态:主语 + was/were +过去分词, 请观察以下句子
a. We made 40 tables for the restaurant last week．
→ 4o tables were made for the restaurant (by us) last week.
b. The boy bought a kite yesterday in the market.
→ A kite was bought (by the boy) yesterday in the market.
c. The workers thought of two good ideas in the factory.
→ Two good ideas were thought of by the workers in the
factory.
d. Did our mother sold those books
→ Were those books sold (by our mother)
e. The boss wished Tom to do the job.
→ Tom was wished to do the job (by the boss).
●一般将来时的被动语态: 主语 + will + be + 过去分词，或 be going
to be + 过去分词，请观察以下句子
●过去将来时态的被动语态：主语 + would / was (were) going to+ be
+ 过去分词，请观察以下句子
a. We shall hold a meeting in a week.
→ A meeting shall be held (by us) in a week.
b. He is going to buy a bike this afternoon.
→ A bike is going to be bought (by him) this afternoon.
c. They will plant plenty of trees on the mountain.
→ Plenty of trees will be planted (by them) on the mountain.
a. They would grow more rice then.
→ More rice would be grown (by them) then.
b. They were going to buy many English books.
→ Many English books were going to be bought (by them).
c. My father would post the letter at that time.
→ The letter would be posted (by my father) at that time.
●含有情态动词被动语态:主语 + can/may/must/should + be +过去分
词，请观察以下句子
a. Many workers are repairing those machines now．
→ Those machines are being repaired (by many workers) now.
b. They are building a bridge this year.
→ A bridge is being built (by them) this year.
● 现在进行时的被动语态: 主语 + am/ is /are + being + 过去分词,请
观察以下句子
●过去进行时的被动语态: 主语 + was/were + being +过去分词, 请观察以下句子
a. He was playing computer games at 9:00 last night．
→ Computer games were being played (by him) at that time.
b. They were building a house then.
→ A house was being built (by them) then.
●过去完成时的被动语态: 主语 + had + been + 过去分词, 请观察以下句子
● 现在完成时的被动语态: 主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词, 请观
察以下句子
a. They have finished two tasks so far．
→ Two tasks have been finished (by them) so far.
b. I have visited the famous scientist.
→ The famous has been visited (by me).
a. He had visited ten countries by the end of last year.
→ Ten countries had been visited (by him) by the end of last year.
b. The boy had remembered 10000 English words until last month.
→ 10000 words had been remembered (by the boy) until last month.
c. We will hold a meeting tomorrow.
→ A meeting will be held tomorrow.
d. The local government built a new teaching building last year.
→A new teaching building was built last year by the local government.
e. We have read the three book recently.
→ The three books have been read recently.
◆几种值得注意的被动语态
●带复合宾语的动词的被动语态
※ make sb. do sth.→ sb. be made to do sth. 请观察下面句子
We made Mary do her homework at home.
→ Mary was made to do her homework (by us) at home.
● feel/hear/listen to/see/notice/look at, watch/observe + sb. do sth. 变被动时定要加上 to，请观察以下句子
We often hear her sing this song.
→ She is often heard to sing this song (by us).
→ This song is often heard (by us) to be sung (by her).
● see/watch/notice/observe/look at/hear/listen to/feel sb. doing sth. → sb. be seen/watched/noticed/observed/looked at/heard/listened to/felt doing sth. 请观察下面句子
I saw him playing football at that moment.
→ He was seen playing football at that moment.
●含有动词短语的被动语态
一般情况下,只有及物动词才能跟宾语,而不及物动词不能跟宾语,所以只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词则没有被动语态。但有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后,变成一个动词短语,相当于一个及物动词,就可以构成被动语态，请观察以下句子
a. She gave up her dream.
→ Her dream was given up (by her).
b. They turned off all the lights in the classroom.
→ All the lights were turned off in the classroom (by them).
温馨提示: 千万不要遗漏介词或副词。
◆不用被动语态的几种情况：
●不及物动词没有被动语态，如: belong to, happen, take place, last,
come true, break out, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, appear等, 请观
察以下句子
a. A big fire broke out last night.
b. Great changes have taken place in our country.
c. That English book doesn’t belong to me.
●表示静态的及物动词have, cost, hold (容纳) , lack (缺乏), fit等不用
被动语态,请观察以下句子
a. They have many English books.
b. The skirt doesn’t fit her.
● 某些动词形式是主动, 但含有被动的意思，请观察以下
句子
a. The book sells well.这书很好卖。
b. This kind of cloth washes very well.这种布很好洗。
c. That pen writes quite smoothly.那支笔写起来很流畅。
d. The fish tastes good.这鱼味道很好。
e. The flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来好香。
f. The muffler feels soft.这条围巾摸上去很软。
g. The car drives fast.这辆小车开得很快。
◆考点训练
1.The boy ________ to get supper ready after school.
A. were told B. is telling C. was told D. tells
2. A lot of new roads _________ built in the west of China.
A. must B. must be C. has D. have
3. This dictionary mustn’t _________ from the library.
A. take away B. taken away
C. are taken away D. be taken away
4. My shoes _________. I went out for a new pair.
A. is worn out B. wore out
C. were worn off D. were worn out
C
B
D
D
5. His car _______ tomorrow.
A. will be repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
6. Computers are useful. For example, they can _____ sending e-mail.
A. use for B. be used of C. be used for D. use of
7. The strong wine is made _________ rice.
A. of B. from C. with D. in
8. People must _______ waster water into the river.
A. stop from pouring B. stop to pour
C. be stopped from pouring D. stop to be poured
A
C
B
C
9. All these field ________ with water in three years.
A. cover B. are covered C. will be covered D. will cover
10. They ________ day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
11. The dog ________ the big tree, or it’ll run away.
A. has to tie it B. must be tied on
C. should tie to D. should be tied to
12. We can’t use the bridge now, because it ________.
A. has been repaired B. is repairing
C. is repaired D. is being repaired
C
B
D
D
13. Always give an answer when you’re ________.
A. speaking B. speaking to C. spoken to D. spoken
14. Dinosaurs ______ about 65 million years ago.
A. were disappeared B. are disappeared
C. disappeared D. disappear
15. The accident ______ last week.
A. was happened B. happened
C. is happened D. are happened
C
C
B
That’s all for today
Goodbye