外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 A glimpse of the future 单元语法详解课件(共22张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册 Unit4 A glimpse of the future 单元语法详解课件(共22张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-06 18:43:00 | ||
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(共22张PPT)
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
单元语法详解
外研版版新教材选择性必修三
本单元重要语法
主谓一致
◆原句再现
a. It used to feel like 50 percent of my time was spent researching new
restaurants.（教材 P38）
b. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if
I will like a particular restaurant. (教材 P38）
c. As it is, almost 50 percent of US jobs are at risk from automation in
the next 20 years. (教材 P39)
d. The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. (教
材 P27)
e. A large number of clients have been attracted to it. (教材 P 41)
f. Some scientists say that more evidence is needed. (教材 P41)
g. His wife, Carolyn, was collecting her cereal from the breakfast robot.
(教材 P 47)
◆ 定义
a. We should protect our environment.
b. He always washes his clothes himself.
c. They all bought themselves umbrellas.
●呼应一致:句子成分之间或词语之间在人称，性别 和数保持一致
，请观察以下句子
●主谓一致:指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,即主语
是复数,谓语也用复数形式,例如 are , were, have等；主语是单数,
谓语要用单数形式，如：is , was , has , works等
◆ 语法一致原则：即句子主语是复数时，谓语动词必须用复数；主
语是单数时, 谓语动词必须用复数, 请观察以下句子
●谓语动词为单数的情况
a. We are all diligent students.
b. She has just finished her homework.
c. It is time for us to go to work.
d. These books are beneficial to the children.
◆意义一致原则
※ 由 and 接并列成分指同一概念或匹配出现，请观察以下句子
a. The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
(比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing.)
b. Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. (刀叉，马车，盐水)
※ Every … and (every)… ; each …and (each… ) ; no …and (no)… ; many
a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. Each of the students has a book.
b. Everyone is ready for the exam.
a. Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
b. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
※ one/every one /each/either/ the number + of +复数名词作主语,
请观察以下句子
※ clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等总称名词作主语,请观察以下句子
a. Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
b. His jewellery was lost at the party ten years ago.
※ 以 s 结尾的词表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. Physics is difficult to study.
b. The United States is a superpower .
c. “The New York Times” is published every day .
※ 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概 念
时, 请观察以下句子
a. Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.
b. Ten thousand dollars is a large sum of money.
c. 60 tons of water is enough.
※由 any-, some-, no-和 -one, -thing,-body等不定代词作主语,请观察
以下句子
a. There is something wrong with the machine.
b. Everything is perfect now.
※ 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语, 请观察以下句子
※单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语，请观察以下句子
a. Collecting stamps is what he likes.
b. To see is to believe.(= Seeing is believing.)
眼见为实
c. What he did was praised.
a. The boy is the top student in the class.
b. Paper is made from wood.
c. The water in the river is running fast and fluently.
●谓语动词为复数的情况
※ 由 and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念, 请观察以下句子
a. Both bread and butter are sold out.
b. Mary and Tom are all the workers in this factory.
c. Time and money are important for every one.
※ people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. The police are looking for the missing child.
b. All the people in the village are planting trees on the mountain.
c. The cattle are eating grass on the grassland.
※ goods, manners, stairs, arms 等名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. All the goods in the super market were sold out yesterday.
b. Good manners are important in every country.
c. Stairs are to be designed for the children and the old.
※由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等 s结尾的专有名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
b. The Huang Guo Shu falls are very beautiful.
※ a number of /quantities of /a group of + 名词作主语，但 a large quantity of + n. 做主语时谓语动词用单数，请观察以下句子
a. A large number of students are interested in these activities.
b. Quantities of water are polluted in the river.
c. A group of soldiers are advancing toward the front.
●谓语动词单、复数视情况而定
※ 集体名词 class, family, team, club, enemy, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数，请观察以下句子
a. His family is a great one.
b. His family are music lovers.
c. Class one is a small class in the school.
d. Class one are having English lesson.
※ means, works, pains等词, 根据主语表达的概念而定, 请观察以下句子
a. The steel works is near the station.
b. Two new steel works are being built.
※ all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定,请观察以下句子
a. All are present .
b. All the food tastes good.
※ “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数 + of + 名词”作主语: 谓语动词和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致，请观察以下句子
a. Half of the milk goes bad.
b. Most of paper is perfectly made in the paper factory.
c. 65 percent of the students are from the countryside.
d. One third of the villagers are taking an physical examination.
e. Two fifths of water is polluted in the country.
◆就近原则
●由 …or… ; either …or…; neither…nor…;not only…but also… , not …but
…连接两个主语时，谓语动词一般与最近的主语保持一致，请观察以下句子
a. Not only he but also I am invited.
b. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.
● there be 句型接并列主语谓语动词常和靠近的名词单复数保持一致, 请观察以下句子
a. There is a pen and three books on the desk.
b. There are two schoolbags and a pencil on the table.
●趁热打铁
1. You or he _____ to blame．_____ you or he to blame
A. is; Is B. are; Are C. is; Are D. are; Is
2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___ tired of one examination after
another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
3. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
4.When and where to build the new factory _______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
5.The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them
_____ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
6.E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily life.
is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
7.__ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
8.One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
9.Neither my wife nor I myself ______ able to persuade my daughter to
change her mind．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
10.Not only the teacher, but the students ________ looking forward to
seeing the film．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
◆ 特殊用法集锦
● “the +adj.”
※ 若表示一类人或事物作主语，如 old , rich , young , poor , deaf , blind , dead , wounded , 谓语动词用复数, 请观察下面句子
The old are taken good care of in China .
※ 若表示某个具体的人或事物，谓语动词用单数，请观察下面句子
The unknown is to be studied .
● One and a half + 复数名词作主语谓语常用单数，请观察以下句子
One and a half apples is left on the table.
● Many a + 单数名词作主语谓语动词用单数，请观察下面句子
More than one teacher in our school has been to Beijing .
●定语从句中的 one of + n 要视具体情况而定,请观察以下句子
a. He is the (only/very)one of the boys who is often late.
b. He is one of the boys who are late for class.
● clothes , scissors (剪刀）,trousers , socks , glasses , shoes , gloves作 主语时分两种情况
※ 直接做主语时，用复数，请观察下面句子
My shoes are on the floor.
※ 有 a pair of 修饰时,谓语根据 pair的数量来定, 请观察下面句子
a. A pair of shoes is on the floor.
b. Pairs of shoes are on the floor.
●谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致 请观察下面句子
We Chinese _______ a hard-working people．
A. is B. are C. is being D. are being
此题应选 B. 我们通常说的是主谓一致而不是表谓一致.本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族
请观察以下类似例子
a. These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim.
b. The planets were the object of his study.
c. The most important thing I need is books.
● 有些情况下，be的单复数动词要根据后面的表语来确定,请观察以下句子
a. Who is your brother？谁是你的兄弟？
b. Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？
c. Such is the fact.
d. Such are the facts.
●主语从句作主语谓语一般用单数形式,请观察以下句子
a. What he said is quite correct.他所说的完全正确。
b. Where she lives is still unknown now.
但是，有时也要根据后面的表语来确定，请观察下面句子
What he left me are only a few old books.
● 向前看齐
※ “with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / as well as / besides / rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致, 请观察以下句子
a. Tom together with his mother has come here.
b. Kobe as well as Jordan has become a superstar in NBA.
◆考点训练
1.Nobody but Betty and Mary ______ late for class yesterday.
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
2.A woman with some children _________ soon．
A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come
3.No one except my parents _________ anything about this.
A. know B. knows C. is known D. are known
4.The teacher as well as the students _____ the book already.
A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading
5.All but one __________ in the accident．
A. was killed B. were killed
C. will be killed D. are killed
1. Fish/sheep/deer ___________ friends of human beings.
2. Every means _________ been tried to rescue the hostage.
3. Two thirds of the population _________ farmers.
4. 70﹪ of the surface of the earth ______ covered by sea.
5. None/neither of the students __________ from China.
6. Neither/either daughter __________ come to celebrate his birthday.
7. They each _____________ a dictionary.
8. Each of them ____________ a dictionary.
9. This kind of books __________ not worth reading.
10. There _________ many kinds of people in our life.
11. Women of this kind ______ dangerous.
12. There ____ a large quantity of people in the street.
13. Large quantities of water _______ been polluted.
are
has
are
is
is/are
has
have
has
is
are
are
is
have
That’s all!
Thank you!
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
单元语法详解
外研版版新教材选择性必修三
本单元重要语法
主谓一致
◆原句再现
a. It used to feel like 50 percent of my time was spent researching new
restaurants.（教材 P38）
b. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if
I will like a particular restaurant. (教材 P38）
c. As it is, almost 50 percent of US jobs are at risk from automation in
the next 20 years. (教材 P39)
d. The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI. (教
材 P27)
e. A large number of clients have been attracted to it. (教材 P 41)
f. Some scientists say that more evidence is needed. (教材 P41)
g. His wife, Carolyn, was collecting her cereal from the breakfast robot.
(教材 P 47)
◆ 定义
a. We should protect our environment.
b. He always washes his clothes himself.
c. They all bought themselves umbrellas.
●呼应一致:句子成分之间或词语之间在人称，性别 和数保持一致
，请观察以下句子
●主谓一致:指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致,即主语
是复数,谓语也用复数形式,例如 are , were, have等；主语是单数,
谓语要用单数形式，如：is , was , has , works等
◆ 语法一致原则：即句子主语是复数时，谓语动词必须用复数；主
语是单数时, 谓语动词必须用复数, 请观察以下句子
●谓语动词为单数的情况
a. We are all diligent students.
b. She has just finished her homework.
c. It is time for us to go to work.
d. These books are beneficial to the children.
◆意义一致原则
※ 由 and 接并列成分指同一概念或匹配出现，请观察以下句子
a. The worker and writer is from Wuhan.
(比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing.)
b. Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. (刀叉，马车，盐水)
※ Every … and (every)… ; each …and (each… ) ; no …and (no)… ; many
a …and (many a)…连接两个单数名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. Each of the students has a book.
b. Everyone is ready for the exam.
a. Every desk and every chair is made of wood.
b. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.
※ one/every one /each/either/ the number + of +复数名词作主语,
请观察以下句子
※ clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等总称名词作主语,请观察以下句子
a. Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.
b. His jewellery was lost at the party ten years ago.
※ 以 s 结尾的词表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. Physics is difficult to study.
b. The United States is a superpower .
c. “The New York Times” is published every day .
※ 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概 念
时, 请观察以下句子
a. Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.
b. Ten thousand dollars is a large sum of money.
c. 60 tons of water is enough.
※由 any-, some-, no-和 -one, -thing,-body等不定代词作主语,请观察
以下句子
a. There is something wrong with the machine.
b. Everything is perfect now.
※ 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语, 请观察以下句子
※单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语，请观察以下句子
a. Collecting stamps is what he likes.
b. To see is to believe.(= Seeing is believing.)
眼见为实
c. What he did was praised.
a. The boy is the top student in the class.
b. Paper is made from wood.
c. The water in the river is running fast and fluently.
●谓语动词为复数的情况
※ 由 and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念, 请观察以下句子
a. Both bread and butter are sold out.
b. Mary and Tom are all the workers in this factory.
c. Time and money are important for every one.
※ people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. The police are looking for the missing child.
b. All the people in the village are planting trees on the mountain.
c. The cattle are eating grass on the grassland.
※ goods, manners, stairs, arms 等名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. All the goods in the super market were sold out yesterday.
b. Good manners are important in every country.
c. Stairs are to be designed for the children and the old.
※由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等 s结尾的专有名词作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. The Olympic Games are held once every four years.
b. The Huang Guo Shu falls are very beautiful.
※ a number of /quantities of /a group of + 名词作主语，但 a large quantity of + n. 做主语时谓语动词用单数，请观察以下句子
a. A large number of students are interested in these activities.
b. Quantities of water are polluted in the river.
c. A group of soldiers are advancing toward the front.
●谓语动词单、复数视情况而定
※ 集体名词 class, family, team, club, enemy, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数，请观察以下句子
a. His family is a great one.
b. His family are music lovers.
c. Class one is a small class in the school.
d. Class one are having English lesson.
※ means, works, pains等词, 根据主语表达的概念而定, 请观察以下句子
a. The steel works is near the station.
b. Two new steel works are being built.
※ all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定,请观察以下句子
a. All are present .
b. All the food tastes good.
※ “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数 + of + 名词”作主语: 谓语动词和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致，请观察以下句子
a. Half of the milk goes bad.
b. Most of paper is perfectly made in the paper factory.
c. 65 percent of the students are from the countryside.
d. One third of the villagers are taking an physical examination.
e. Two fifths of water is polluted in the country.
◆就近原则
●由 …or… ; either …or…; neither…nor…;not only…but also… , not …but
…连接两个主语时，谓语动词一般与最近的主语保持一致，请观察以下句子
a. Not only he but also I am invited.
b. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.
● there be 句型接并列主语谓语动词常和靠近的名词单复数保持一致, 请观察以下句子
a. There is a pen and three books on the desk.
b. There are two schoolbags and a pencil on the table.
●趁热打铁
1. You or he _____ to blame．_____ you or he to blame
A. is; Is B. are; Are C. is; Are D. are; Is
2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ___ tired of one examination after
another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
3. A library with five thousand books ______ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered
4.When and where to build the new factory _______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
5.The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them
_____ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were
6.E-mail, as well as telephones, ______ an important part in daily life.
is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
7.__ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
8.One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
9.Neither my wife nor I myself ______ able to persuade my daughter to
change her mind．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
10.Not only the teacher, but the students ________ looking forward to
seeing the film．
A. is B. are C. am D. be
◆ 特殊用法集锦
● “the +adj.”
※ 若表示一类人或事物作主语，如 old , rich , young , poor , deaf , blind , dead , wounded , 谓语动词用复数, 请观察下面句子
The old are taken good care of in China .
※ 若表示某个具体的人或事物，谓语动词用单数，请观察下面句子
The unknown is to be studied .
● One and a half + 复数名词作主语谓语常用单数，请观察以下句子
One and a half apples is left on the table.
● Many a + 单数名词作主语谓语动词用单数，请观察下面句子
More than one teacher in our school has been to Beijing .
●定语从句中的 one of + n 要视具体情况而定,请观察以下句子
a. He is the (only/very)one of the boys who is often late.
b. He is one of the boys who are late for class.
● clothes , scissors (剪刀）,trousers , socks , glasses , shoes , gloves作 主语时分两种情况
※ 直接做主语时，用复数，请观察下面句子
My shoes are on the floor.
※ 有 a pair of 修饰时,谓语根据 pair的数量来定, 请观察下面句子
a. A pair of shoes is on the floor.
b. Pairs of shoes are on the floor.
●谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致 请观察下面句子
We Chinese _______ a hard-working people．
A. is B. are C. is being D. are being
此题应选 B. 我们通常说的是主谓一致而不是表谓一致.本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族
请观察以下类似例子
a. These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim.
b. The planets were the object of his study.
c. The most important thing I need is books.
● 有些情况下，be的单复数动词要根据后面的表语来确定,请观察以下句子
a. Who is your brother？谁是你的兄弟？
b. Who are your brothers？哪些是你的兄弟？
c. Such is the fact.
d. Such are the facts.
●主语从句作主语谓语一般用单数形式,请观察以下句子
a. What he said is quite correct.他所说的完全正确。
b. Where she lives is still unknown now.
但是，有时也要根据后面的表语来确定，请观察下面句子
What he left me are only a few old books.
● 向前看齐
※ “with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / as well as / besides / rather than +名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致, 请观察以下句子
a. Tom together with his mother has come here.
b. Kobe as well as Jordan has become a superstar in NBA.
◆考点训练
1.Nobody but Betty and Mary ______ late for class yesterday.
A. was B. were C. has been D. have been
2.A woman with some children _________ soon．
A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come
3.No one except my parents _________ anything about this.
A. know B. knows C. is known D. are known
4.The teacher as well as the students _____ the book already.
A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading
5.All but one __________ in the accident．
A. was killed B. were killed
C. will be killed D. are killed
1. Fish/sheep/deer ___________ friends of human beings.
2. Every means _________ been tried to rescue the hostage.
3. Two thirds of the population _________ farmers.
4. 70﹪ of the surface of the earth ______ covered by sea.
5. None/neither of the students __________ from China.
6. Neither/either daughter __________ come to celebrate his birthday.
7. They each _____________ a dictionary.
8. Each of them ____________ a dictionary.
9. This kind of books __________ not worth reading.
10. There _________ many kinds of people in our life.
11. Women of this kind ______ dangerous.
12. There ____ a large quantity of people in the street.
13. Large quantities of water _______ been polluted.
are
has
are
is
is/are
has
have
has
is
are
are
is
have
That’s all!
Thank you!