Unit5 阅读技能突破
时文领读
主题：人与自然
语篇类型：说明文
词数：364
难度：难
阅读用时：8分钟
背景导入：伦敦皇家艺术学院的一名学生从自然物种获得灵感，设计出一种叫作AMPHIBIO的潜水装置。它可以取代沉重笨拙的水肺设备，使其更像自由潜水，而且时间更长。
阅读技巧：根据主旨概括标题。
原文：
If you could have a superpower, what would it be Other than flying and communicating with someone from his mind (which, let’s be honest, would probably actually be awful), breathing underwater is one of the favorites. You can hang out with Aquaman and Ursula, and when the end of the world comes and we’re all living underwater, you’ll be fine.
With this in mind, a student at the Royal College of Art in London has designed a 3-D printed amphibious garment called AMPHIBIO—essentially a set of gills(鳃)——for this very purpose. According to Jun Kamei, a biomimicry designer and materials scientist, it is “for a future in which humankind lives in the water”.
With the world set for a global temperature increase of 3.2°C (37.76°F) by 2100, rising sea levels are a very real threat to large coastal cities, potentially affecting up to2 billion people—or 26 percent of the current global population.
Kamei’s little device uses a specially designed porous(多孔的) material that fills with oxygen again in the water and releases carbon dioxide. It is inspired by water-diving insects that create their own little scuba diving set by creating a protective bubble of air around their body thanks to their water-repellent(防水的) skin.
The technology is easily 3-D printable too, which will be great when we need them together. These “gills” could replace heavy and clumsy scuba equipment, making it more similar to free diving but for longer. This could have immediate applications for underwater rescue circumstances—the 12 boys rescued by divers from a flooded cave in Thailand, for example, where it took weeks to work out how to get the boys and the vital breathing equipment through those narrow tunnels.
So far, the tech has only been tested as a working prototype(维形；原型), not actually on humans, so the dream may have to be on hold for now. And scaling up and testing on humans is Kamei’s next plan. This may sound unbelievable, but Kamei insists he has a much more optimistic vision for the future.
①current adj.现时的；当前的；现在的
②scale up增大；扩大
③vision n.[ C]设想；构想；念头
知识点击
Other than 除…之外
which引导定语从句
in which引导定语从句，先行词为future
that引导定语从句，先行词为porous material
that引导定语从句，先行词为water-diving insects
which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句
making it ...为现在分词短语作结果状语
rescued by...为过去分词短语作后置定语
where引导定语从句，修饰先行词cave
on hold推迟；使延期；搁置
【译文】
如果你可以拥有一种超能力，你想要什么？除了会飞和与某人心灵感应(说实话，这可能真的很糟糕)，在水下呼吸是最受欢迎的超能力之一。拥有这种超能力，你可以跟海王和乌苏拉一起遨游，当世界末日来临，我们都生活在水下时，你会安然无恙。
出于这种考虑，伦敦皇家艺术学院的一名学生为了实现这一目的设计了一个名为AMPHBO的3-D打印两栖服装——本质上是一组鳃。仿生学设计师和材料科学家Jun Kamei表示，这是“为了未来人类生活在水里时用的”。
到2100年，预计全球气温将上升3.2°C(37.76°F)，海平面上升对沿海大城市是实实在在的威胁，可能会影响多达20 亿人，即目前全球人口的26%。
Kamei的小装置使用了一个特别设计的多孔材料，这种材料在水中会再次充满氧气并释放二氧化碳。灵感来自潜水昆虫，它们通过创建一个保护自己身体的空气泡，形成自己的小型水肺潜水装置，这(装置的形成)多亏了它们自身的防水皮肤。
这项技术也很容易通过3-D打印实现，打印后的使用效果非常棒。这些“鳃"可以代替笨重的水肺设备，除了可以使潜水时间更长，也能使其更像自由潜水。这项技术可以直接应用于水下救援情况——例如，在泰国，12名男孩被潜水员从一个被淹没的洞穴中救出，他们在那里花了数周时间研究如何让男孩们和维持呼吸的设备可以通过那些狭窄的洞穴隧道。
到目前为止，这项技术只是作为一个产品雏形进行测试，还没有实际运用于人体，所以这个(用它在水下生活的)梦想可能要暂时搁置。Kamei的下一个计划是扩大生产规模并进行人体试验。这可能听起来不可思议，但Kamei坚持认为他对未来有更乐观的设想。Unit5 阅读技能突破-真题展示
[浙江2021年6月·B篇]We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where neighbourhood children gather toplay. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today’s children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s car without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director for Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
1. What is the problem with the author’s children
A. They often annoy the neighbours.
B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with.
D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
2. How did David Bond advocate his idea
A. By making a documentary film.
B. By organizing outdoor activities.
C. By advertising in London media.
D. By creating a network of friends.
3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2
A. records
B. predicts
C. delays
D. confirms
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Let Children Have Fun
B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children
D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了孩子们远离自然、沉迷屏幕的问题引起了包括大卫·邦德在内的家长们的重视。他建议引领孩子们走进自然，鼓励孩子们多在大自然中活动，进而远离屏幕。
1. D细节理解题。根据第一段中的However, what my children want to do after school is... an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.可知，放学后作者的孩子想做的事就是打开屏幕，并且能看好几个小时，该部分中的screen和for hours与D项中的screens和too long 相呼应。故选D项。
2. A细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand... The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which...可知，大卫·邦德决心像推销一个商品品牌一样，把大自然推销给小孩子，并将这一历程记录了下来，进而产生了一部纪录影片。故选A项。
3. A词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的He documented his journey...及The result was Project Wild Thing, a film...可知，他录制的历程所产生的结果就是诞生了一部电影。由此可推知，该电影应该是记录了一些组织的诞生，这些组织的共同目标就是让孩子们亲近大自然。record意为“记录;录制”，与画线词意义相近。故选A 项。
4. C主旨大意题。作者在本文首段用实例引出话题，进而在第二段倒数第二句给出解决方案，并抛出主题思想:像推销商品品牌一样把大自然推销给孩子们，即引领孩子们走进自然，让他们多在户外活动。故C项(向孩子们推销大自然)适合作为本文标题。
【长难句分析】There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.
句式分析：本句主干部分为There is a lot of really interesting evidence; which seems to...为定语从句，修饰先行词evidence; that引导的宾语从句作suggesting的宾语，if 在该宾语从句中引导的是条件状语从句。
句意：有很多很有趣的证据似乎表明，如果孩子们七岁之前一直被鼓励(多去户外)，那么户外活动将会成为(他们)终生的习惯。
【微技能】如何概括文章标题 选择文章标题，是考查文章主旨大意题型的一种。做此类题目，可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再选定标题。 首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性。要避免下列三种情况：概括不全(表现为只涉及文章部分内容)；过度概括(表现为脱离文章内容本身的描述)；以事实、细节替代抽象、整体的大意。 其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当、针对性强。标题的表述精确度要高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。 最后，要注意标题的可读性，标题要简洁、突出、新颖。
