外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册 Unit5 Learning from nature词汇精讲课堂课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研
册别单元：选择性必修三 Unit 5
inspiration
employ
一词多义
一词多义
withdraw
一词多义
depress & depressive
一词多义
depart
reject
重难点词精讲
ease
attain
搭配义
熟词生义
一词多义搭配义
evaluate
正式用语
英语释义
inspiration
托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生（Thomas Alva Edison，1847—1931），美国人。发明家、企业家。他发明的留声机、电影摄影机和改进的电灯对世界有极大影响。
天才等于百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。
inspire vt
激励；鼓舞 to make sb want to do sth：
A sports role model is a sportsperson who inspires other people in a certain way.
inspire sb to do sth:
Her trust in me has inspired me to do things that I never
imagined possible. 2010 北京
激发；唤起 to make sb feel, think, etc. sth：
His driving hardly inspires confidence (= make people feel confident because they trust your ability).
[常用于被动语态] 启发；给……灵感 to give sb the idea for sth：
This piece of music was inspired by dolphin sounds.
inspiration来自inspire (in- + spir “to breathe”，见必修二U3) → 吸入活力 → 激励
使吸入
inspire
（基本义）
激励；鼓舞
激发；唤起
“使吸入”感受
启发；给……灵感
“使吸入”灵感
“使吸入”活力
inspire 语义网络图
inspiration n [U] 灵感；[C] 鼓舞人心的人 / 事：
Genius is one percent inspiration and
ninety-nine percent perspiration.
He gave me the inspiration to pick up
my pen again. 2015 江苏改
Many poets drew / took their inspiration from the nature.
Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family. 2020 山东
动机是短暂的，灵感可以持续一生。
动机来自外部，灵感来自内部。
动机推动你，灵感牵引你。
词源解读：em- (in 进入、使) + ploy (to fold 折叠、卷入) → 使卷入、成为其中的一份子 → 雇用、使用
employ
employ vt
［正式用语］使用；利用：
They are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity. 2008 湖南
雇用；聘请：
When did the company start to employ new people
Kelly is employed as a teacher.
employ sb to do sth:
Several specialists have been employed from overseas to solve the problem.
be employed in doing sth 忙于做某事：
She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
【词汇拓展】
employee n [C] 受雇者；雇员
employer n [C] 雇主；雇用者
employment n
[U] 雇用；聘用：
Mexican law prohibits the employment of children under 14.
[C] & [U] 职业；工作；就业：
out of employment
create employment opportunities
full-time / part-time employment
同族词：employ, employee, employer, employment,
unemployed, unemployment
词源解读：with (away) + drawen (to draw) → 基本义“拿回（to take back）”。
withdraw
withdraw (withdrew, withdrawn) v
vt 提取（存款等）：
I wanted to withdraw $4,000 from my bank account.
vi & vt 收回（发言、意见等）；退出：
The minister withdrew his statement later.
I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for my grandma. 2011 天津改
“拿回”存款等
“拿回”发言或身份等
收回（发言、意见等）
提取（存款等）
拿回withdraw
（基本义）
“拿回”发言、意见等
“拿回”存款等
退出
“拿回”身份等
withdraw 语义网络图
depress & depressive
看图猜词义
按下
踩下
depress的词义是：_______________
向下压
［正式用语］将（某物）压下；推下；拉下：
depress a button
使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉:
Rainy weather always depresses me.
使萧条；削弱：
Several factors combined to depress the housing market.
depress vt
from de-（down 向下）+ press（按；压），基本义为“向下压”
depress 词源
词族：depress, depressed, depressing, depression, depressive
depress 语义网络图
向下压
depress
（基本义）
“向下压”物体
“向下压”情绪
将（某物）压下；推下；拉下
使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉
“向下压”经济
使萧条；削弱
词汇拓展
depressed adj 抑郁的；沮丧的 very unhappy, often for a long period of time：
Don’t get depressed about the spilt milk.
depressing adj 令人沮丧的
depressive
adj 患抑郁症的；抑郁的
n [C] 抑郁症患者
depression n
[C] & [U] 沮丧；消沉；抑郁（症）：
get into a state of depression
[C] 不景气；萧条期：
His family business was ruined in the Great Depression of
the early 1930s. 2011 山东
press词根记词汇
press
v 压
impress v 盖印；使留下深刻印象
im- 进 + press → 压进去 → 盖印 → 印入头脑 → 使留下深刻印象
express v 表达；特快
ex- 向外 + press → 思想向外压 → 表达
depress v 压下；使沮丧
de- 向下 + press → 向下压 → 使情绪低下
pressure n 压力
press + -ure 行为的结果 → 压的结果 → 压力
depart
词源解读：de- (from) + part (to part) → 彼此“分开”→ “离开”
depart vi 离开；启程；出发：
The train is due to depart from New York in ten minutes.
The flight departed for Paris.
part词根记词汇
part词根
apartment n 公寓；房间
a-: (= ad-) to + part: a part + -ment →（楼房）分出的一部分 →公寓、房间
participate v 参加；参与
part-: a part + -cip-: to take + -ate → 抓住机会成为其中的一部分 → 参与
depart v 离开；启程
de-: from + part: to part → 彼此分开 → 离开
departure n 离开；出发
de-: from + part: to part + -ure 行为的结果 → 分开的结果 → 离开
reject
词源解读：re- (back 往回) + -ject (to throw 扔) → 往回扔 → 拒绝
想一想，你还学过哪些由ject词根构成的单词？
object:
subject
ob- (against) + -ject (to throw)
→ 扔在对面的物体 → 目标、物体
→ 扔下去让人讨论 → 主题、话题
sub- (under) + -ject (to throw)
reject vt
拒绝；排斥 反 accept；抛弃：
reject an argument / a claim / an offer
I’ve been rejected by all the universities I applied to.
冷落；嫌弃；厌弃
rejection n [U] & [C] 拒绝；拒绝接受；否决：
I’ve applied for ten jobs, but all I’ve got is rejections / rejection letters.
1. 从语气上看：refuse 属普通用词；reject 则多用于较正式的场合。
2. 从意思上看：refuse 表示“拒绝”，强调态度的肯定和坚决；reject 则强调“摈弃”“不采用”或“不使用”。
They refused him a visa.
They rejected all the bad apples.
注：若不严格区分，有时（如表示拒绝接受时）两者也可换用。如：
He refused / rejected her offer of help.
The editors refused / rejected this article.
reject vs refuse
将句子译成英语。
我轻而易举地回答了这个问题。
___________________________
I answered the question easily.
ease
with ease
ease n [U]
舒适；悠闲；自在：
The retired couple lived a life of ease.
容易；不费力：
He passed the exam with ease (= easily).
at ease 放松；舒适；自在：
stand at ease
His mind was at ease knowing that the children were safe.
He is smart and humorous, and I feel at ease with him.
put sb at (one’s) ease 使某人放松：
He was nervous at first but her warm welcome soon put him at ease.
v
vi & vt 减轻；缓解：
ease the pain / stress / burden
The situation has eased.
It would ease my mind to know where he was.
vi & vt（使）小心缓慢地移动：
She eased her injured foot into her shoe.
vt 使容易；使顺利：
ease (sb / oneself) into（使某人）熟悉（新工作等）：
After the baby, she eased herself back into work.
同族词：ease, easily, easy, easy-going, uneasy
A和B，哪套穿着更适合正式场合？
A
B
C和D，哪套穿着更适合非正式场合？
C
D
attain vt & vi
[正式用语]（经过长时间努力）达到 (achieve)；得到；取得：
attain one’s goal
After several years of study and practice he attained fluency in English.
辨析：attain, obtain
attain是achieve的升级版，常跟表示“目标”“抱负”等相对高大上的词语搭配，主要指通过努力达到重要目标或得到珍贵的东西。
The scientist attained great fame by a new discovery.
obtain是get的升级版，多指凭努力或恳求得到、急需或很想得到具体的、实用的东西。
Howard failed to obtain a scholarship.
注：只有obtain good grades才能attain positions of power。
根据提示在右栏填入适当的单词。
非正式用语 正式用语
get information __________ information
achieve my goal __________ my goal
go to a lecture __________ a lecture
woman __________
man __________
deal with a problem __________ a problem
happen __________
female
attend
obtain
male
address
occur
attain
evaluate
词源解读：
来自evaluation：e- (= ex, out 出来) + -value + -tion → 将价值说出来 → 评价。evaluate的释义与名词对应。
evaluate vt 评价；评估 to judge how good, useful, or successful sth is (assess)：
The scientists were evaluating the experiment.
We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
【词汇拓展】
evaluation n [C] & [U] 评价；评估
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He received his inspiration in his dream. __________
2. He says my sister was the inspiration for his heroine（女主角）. __________
inspiration
灵感
给人以灵感的人
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an ___________ (inspire) for Western creative.（2019 全国）
2. I’m always ___________ (inspire) by things of beauty and harmony.
（2016 全国）
inspiration
inspired
三、根据所给汉语，将下列句子译成英语。
1. 他的坚持激励我更加努力学习。____________________________________________
2. 许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得他们的灵感。_____________________________________________
Many poets and artists drew / took their inspiration from nature.
I was inspired to work harder by his perseverance.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Different artists employ different painting techniques. __________
2. We employ her as an English teacher. __________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. We employ English __________ a common language.
2. The boss employed ten workers __________ (sell) computers.
3. The man was employed __________ watering the garden.　
4. Most __________ (employ) do care about the personal appearances of their __________ (employ), because those people represent the companies to their customers.（2012 陕西）
5. Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find __________ (employ).
使用
雇用
employ
as
to sell
in
employers
employees
employment
withdraw
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I’d like to withdraw some money from my account. ___________
2. The troops have been withdrawn from the danger area. ___________
3. I want to withdraw a statement I made earlier. ___________
4. Britain has successfully withdrawn from the EU. ___________
提取
撤退
收回 / 撤回
退出
depress
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The thought of taking the exam again depressed him. ______________
2. A war will depress the global economy. ______________
3. High interest rates may depress share prices. ______________
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. She felt very __________ (depress) about the future.
2. Looking for a job these days can be very __________ (depress).
3. The patient is suffering from __________ (depress).
4. Many people with a __________ (depress) illness never seek treatment.
depressed
depressing
depression
使沮丧
使萧条
降低
depressive
depart
在空白处1个填入适当的单词。
1. I’ll depart Washington ________ London tomorrow.
2. The train to Beijing will depart _______ platform 3 in half an hour.
3. In the morning Mr McDonald departed _______ Sydney _____ London.
for
from
from
for
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The supermarket rejected all spotted apples. ___________
2. He tried to join the army but was rejected because of poor health. ___________
3. The patient rejected the transplanted heart. ___________
4. It is hard for me to reject religious beliefs. ___________
5. Be prepared for lots of rejections before you find a job. ___________
reject
丢弃
拒绝
排斥
放弃
拒绝
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Lisa told me that she felt at ease with Bernard. ___________
2. The computer is popular for its good design and ease of use.
___________
3. I did my best to make him feel at ease before the interview. ___________
4. I will give you something to ease the pain. ___________
5. He eased slowly forwards. ___________
6. It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely. __________
ease
感到自在
简单易用
使他感到放松
减轻疼痛
小心缓缓地移动
使我放心
用高级词替换下列句子中的画线词。
1. I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.（2014 江西） __________
2. Andy is content with the toy. It is the best he has ever got.（2015 四川） __________
attain
obtained
attain
evaluate
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work. ___________
2. The school has only been open for six months, so it’s hard to evaluate its success. ___________
3. Don’t always demand others and not evaluate yourself. ___________
4. We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system. ___________
评估
估计
评价自己 / 自我检讨
评价
谢
谢
观
赏