外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第三册 Unit5 Learning from nature拓展阅读专项训练（有答案）

Unit5 拓展阅读专项训练
刷阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：344 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[湖北宜昌部分示范高中教学协作体2020高二期中]Perhaps the cleverest trick in the animal world can be found in South Africa's Kalahari Desert.
At the heart of this trick is the drongo，a bird that likes to hang out with meerkats（a four-toed animal）. The meerkats search for insects. While they eat，a meerkat is on duty looking for danger. Drongos have sharp eyesight，and as they can fly and perch（降落）higher，they often spot the danger first. Martial eagles are a serious threat. The drongo's alarm alerts the meerkats. They，in turn，call and run for cover.
Having their own lookout bird helps the meerkats spend more time feeding. But there is a price to pay. The drongo isn't quite as selfless as he seems，and has learnt to turn this alarm to his advantage. He becomes an expert on the meerkats' habits，learning that when an adult finds food，it calls out to the youngsters to share. As the food is about to be exchanged，the drongo calls the alarm，but this time，it's a trick. As the meerkats abandon their food and flee，the drongo steals their meal.
Onto a good thing，the drongo tries again. But the meerkats know when they've been tricked. And this time，no one reacts at all. So the drongo takes it to the next level. But even screaming the alarm in their face doesn't work. The meerkats are smart enough to know a cheat when they hear one. Or are they？The drongo has another trick to pull. This time the drongo mimics（模仿）the meerkats' own alarm call. It's so accurate that the meerkats are tricked again.
Drongos get over a fifth of their daily meals by making false alarms and stealing. When a drongo has exhausted all his tricks，he tries a more brazen（厚颜无耻的）approach. But he's pushed his luck too far. He must try his tricks elsewhere.
The intelligence of animals is sometimes so extraordinary that it can be truly amazing.
1. What do drongos do when spotting danger
A. Run for cover.
B. Send out a signal.
C. Fly to a higher branch.
D. Protect the meerkats first.
2. What price do the meerkats have to pay according to Paragraph 3
A. Losing food to drongos.
B. Being attacked by drongos.
C. Sharing their food selflessly.
D. Abandoning their youngsters.
3. How do the meerkats feel when being tricked for the second time
A. Afraid.
B. Cautious.
C. Confused.
D. Depressed.
4. What are drongos good at according to the text
A. Copying.
B. Hunting.
C. Making friends.
D. Fleeing for their life.
B
体裁：说明文 题材：建筑与艺术 词数：272 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[辽宁六校协作体2021高二开学考试]At all，artistic structure called Vessel stands at the heart of Hudson Yards，a real-estate development in New York City that includes offices，residences and stores. Hudson Yards is currently the largest private development in the US and is built over the top of an active rail yard.
Vessel is a network of staircases and platforms that offers views of New York City from a variety of perspectives. The structure is meant to be a meeting point at the centre of the area as well as an attraction for tourists. It won't be called Vessel for long，however. There will soon be a competition to choose a permanent title.
The structure is currently called “Vessel” because of its shape: narrow at its base and then expanding up and out. To get to the structure's highest point on foot，visitors can climb 2，500 steps and cross 80 platforms. According to the developer, it's a one-mile climb.
To explore Vessel, visitors need free tickets that allow them to enter the structure at a set time of the day. The purpose of the set times on the tickets is to keep the number of people on Vessel within a safe limit at all times.
Since Vessel opened to the public, it has been applauded by some visitors and criticised by others. Some have made fun of its shape, comparing it to a pineapple or a waste-paper basket. Others have criticised its lack of benches. Since resting on the stairs is not allowed, there is not place to sit. Despite these issues, Vessel attracts many locals and tourists every day.
1. According to this article, what are beneath the Hudson Yards development
A. Trains and tracks.
B. Docks and small ships.
C. Freeway exchanges.
D. Waiting buses and taxis.
2. What is true about the structure's current, official name
A. It's universally praised.
B. It's only temporary.
C. It's been copied elsewhere.
D. Its meaning is unknown.
3. What does the article imply about people who visit Vessel
A. Their opinions about it vary quite a bit.
B. Their primary interest lies in shopping.
C. They're all asked to pay a small entrance fee.
D. They return to it on multiple occasions.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Advantages and Disadvantages of Vessel
B.A Unique Landmark in the Big Apple
C. Different Opinions on Vessel
D.A Mysterious Journey to Vessel
刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然 词数：229 难度：易 建议用时：6分钟
Ideas to Make Your School a Green Campus Universities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. But there are also items students can do to make your campus more eco-friendly.
Recycle everything, especially paper!
There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester.1 We know that these things can't be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.
Buy green.
2 Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be purchased as recycled goods. They're slightly more expensive than the normal products, but it's worth it to make a green campus.
Walk and bike to school.
Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become a more eco-friendly campus, have pretty good public transit.3 Walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.
4
A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. This will protect the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus.
Buy used clothing.
It is usually thought of as something to do to save money.5 Recycling clothes minimises the use of resources to make clothing and puts a dent in the problem of worldwide sweatshops.
A. Carry a water bottle.
B. It is also good for the environment!
C. Buy recycled goods as much as possible.
D. Paper made of this kind of wood is much stronger.
E. On top of that, almost all universities are pedestrian friendly.
F. It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on.
G. Universities call on all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper.
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：276 难度：中 建议用时：13分钟
I grew up in three cultures: I was born in Pairs, my parents were from China, and I was 1 mostly in America. When I was young, this was very confusing: Everyone said that their 2 was the best, but I knew they couldn't all be right. I felt that there was an 3 that I would choose to be Chinese or French or American. For many years I was stuck among the three, trying on each but never being 4 comfortable. I hoped I wouldn't have to 5, but I didn't know what that meant and how exactly "not to choose".
However, the 6 of trying on each culture taught me something. As I struggled to 7, I came to understand what made each one unique. At that point，I 8 that I didn't need to choose one culture to get rid of another，but instead I could choose from all three. The values I selected would become part of who I was，but no one culture needed to 9.I could honour the cultural depth and longevity（持久）of my Chinese heritage，while feeling just as passionate about the deep artistic traditions of the French and the American commitment to 10 and the future.
So，rather than settling on any one of the cultures in which I grew up，I now choose to explore many more cultures and 11 elements to love in each. Every day I make a（n）12 to go towards what I don't understand. This wandering leads to the accidental learning that continually 13 my life.
As I work in music today, I try to carry out this 14—that the music I play, like me, doesn't belong to only one culture. Thanks to many musicians and their music, I have found new 15 in my own music making.
1. A. brought out B. brought in C. brought up D. brought back
2. A. culture B. country C. people D. environment
3. A. expectation B. explanation C. expression D. evidence
4. A. seriously B. wholly C. possibly D. necessarily
5. A. learn B. choose C. follow D. judge
6. A. meaning B. course C. process D. focus
7. A. belong B. betray C. behave D. bargain
8. A. promised B. swore C. realized D. predicted
9. A. beat B. defeat C. survive D. win
10. A. money B. wealth C. opposition D. opportunity
11. A. create B. find C. add D. combine
12. A. difference B. guess C. effort D. effect
13. A. shapes B. refuses C. destroys D. ruins
14. A. method B. experiment C. idea D. topic
15. A. work B. meaning C. information D. usage
参考答案
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，主要介绍了动物世界里最狡诈的骗局。在南非，卷尾鸟与狐猿这对“合作伙伴”彼此要斗智斗勇，才能填饱肚子。它们之间的较量让人忍俊不禁。
1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的Drongos have sharp eyesight，and as they can fly and perch higher，they often spot the danger first. Martial eagles are a serious threat. The drongo's alarm alerts the meerkats.可知，卷尾鸟发现危险时，会给狐蒙发出信号。故选B项。
2.A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句As the meerkats abandon their food and flee，the drongo steals their meal.可知，狐猿付出的代价是食物被卷尾鸟偷走了。故选A项。
3.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的Onto a good thing，the drongo tries again. But the meerkats know when they've been tricked. And this time，no one reacts at all.可知，狐蒙第二次被骗时不会去回应。由此可见，狐蒙变得很谨慎。故选B项。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的This time the drongo mimics the meerkats' own alarm call. It's so accurate that the meerkats are tricked again.可知，卷尾鸟能模仿狐蒙自己特有的警报声，并且模仿得非常准确。由此可知，卷尾鸟很善于模仿。故选A项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了纽约一座名为Vessel的高大艺术建筑，介绍了它的外观、参观注意事项以及人们对这座建筑物的看法。
1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的Hudson Yards is currently the largest private development in the US and is built over the top of an active rail yard.可知，哈得孙城市广场建在一个活跃的铁路站场之上。由此可知，哈得孙城市广场下面是火车和轨道。故选A项。
2.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的It won't be called Vessel for long，however. There will soon be a competition to choose a permanent title.可知，很快会发起一场比赛来为它选择一个永久的名称。由此可推知，该建筑目前的官方名称只是暂时的。故选B项。
3.A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Since Vessel opened to the public，it has been applauded by some visitors and criticised by others. Some have made fun of its shape，comparing it to a pineapple or a waste-paper basket. Others have criticised its lack of benches.可知，自从Vessel向公众开放以来，它受到了一些游客的赞扬，也有
一些游客的批评。由此可推知，参观Vessel的人对该建筑的看法有很大不同。故选A项。
4.B主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A tall，artistic structure called Vessel stands at the heart of Hudson Yards，a real-estate development in New York City that includes offices，residences and stores.并结合文章主要内容可知，本文主要介绍了纽约一座名为Vessel的高大艺术建筑的外观、参观注意事项以及人们对这座建筑物的看法等。由此可知，B项（纽约的一个独特的地标）最适合作文章标题。故选B项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了大学生如何创建绿色校园。
1.F根据前一句中的a large amount of paper以及后一句中的these things可知，此空应该列举出一些校园中用到纸的地方，而F项列举了class notes，term papers，student newspapers，符合语境。故选F项。
2.C本空需要选一个总结句。本段的小标题为Buy green.。C项中的Buy recycled与标题相呼应，且本段第二句中的recycled goods和第三句中的green campus都与“绿色、环保”相关。故选C项。
3.E本段小标题为Walk and bike to school.，由此可知本段与校园交通有关。E项中的pedestrian（行人）与交通有关，故选E项。
4.A由该小标题下第一句话中的A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk 和第二句话中的plastic waste可知，本段主要讲“自己带水杯喝水，减少塑料废物”。故选A项。
5.B本段主旨清晰，即Buy used clothing.。第一句中说买二手衣服的一个好处是save money，结合设空后一句中的minimises the use of resources 可想到“环保”。B项中的is also good for the environment说明了买旧衣服的另一个好处是环保，承上启下，衔接紧密。故选B项。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍自己在三种文化中长大，每个人都希望他选择一种文化作为归属，但是作者经过尝试发现他可以不必选择，而是在更多的文化中探索。
1.C根据I was born in Pairs，my parents were from China可知，“我”主要是在美国被抚养长大的。bring up意为“养育”。故选C项。
2.A根据上文中的I grew up in three cultures可知，每个人都说自己的文化是最好的。故选A项。
3.A根据上文中的Everyone said that their _______ was the best，but I knew they couldn't all be right.可知，大家希望“我”去选择做中国人、法国人或美国人。expectation意为“期待”。故选A项。
4.B根据语境，作者被困在这三者中间，每个都尝试，但是不能全身心感到舒服。wholly意为“完全地”。故选B项。
5.B根据设空后的“但是我不知道那意味着什么，而且不知道怎样才是‘不选择’”可知，前文讲的是“我希望我不必选择”。how exactly “not to choose”中的choose为原词复现。故选B项。
6.C根据语境可知，作者表达的是尝试每种文化的过程教会了他一些事情。process意为“过程”。故选C项。
7.A根据上文中的I would choose to be Chinese or French or American和下文中的doesn't belong to only one culture可知，作者努力想归属（一种文化）。belong意为“适应；感到自在”。故选A项。
8.C根据上文中的I came to understand what made each one unique可知，作者意识到（realised）不必只选择一种文化。故选C项。
9.D根据上文中的Everyone said that their was the best以及下文的描述可知，没有一种文化需要赢。故选D项。
10.D设空处与the future并列，是说美国人对机会和未来的投入。故选D项。
11.B根据I now choose to explore many more cultures可知，作者选择探索更多的文化，并且找到每种文化中喜爱的元素。故选B项。
12.C根据语境可知，作者每天都努力探寻自己不了解的东西。make an effort to..….为固定搭配，意为“努力去……”。故选C项。
13.A根据上文的The values I selected would become part of who I was可知，这里是说，这种文化中的漫游促成了偶然的学习，这不断塑造着作者的生活。shape意为“塑造”。故选A项。
14.C根据设空后的that the music I play，like me，doesn't belong to only one culture可知，这是作者一直贯彻的理念。故选C项。
15.B根据that the music I play，like me，doesn't belong to only one culture可知，作者所演奏的音乐像作者本人一样不属于某个单一的文化，多亏了许多的音乐家和他们的音乐，作者在自己的音乐创作中找到了新的意义。故选B项。
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