人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
I Love New Words
/ k l r /
cholera
n.霍乱
adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的
severe
/s v (r)/
diarrhoea
/ da r /
n.腹泻
dehydration
/ di ha dre n/
n.脱水
infection
/ n fek n/
n.感染;传染
water pump
/ w t p mp/
水泵
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Reading and Thinking:
Understand the questioning mind
The changes covid-19 has brought to us in the past two years.
coronavirus[k r n va r s]
Wear masks
Wash hands
frequently
run nucleic acid tests
[nu kle k s d test]
（核酸检测）
get vaccinated
[ v ks ne t d]
（接种疫苗）
Are you familiar with these situations
We are taking measures to fight against coronavirus!
[k r n va r s]
④
Besides coronavirus, what other kinds of epidemics （流行病）do you konw
bird-flu（禽流感）
malaria [m leri ]（疟疾）
plague[ple ɡ]
（鼠疫）
Ebola [ b l ] (埃博拉)
①
②
③
Who Helped Defeat Malaria
Draw a conclusion
Collect data
Ask a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Think of a method
Tu Youyou followed the scientific stages to find out the cure for malaria. Can you put them in the right order
MALARIA
Who Defeated Cholera
Activity 1 : Predicting: What will be talked about
John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”
Who
How
What
/ k l r /
cholera
What does “ King ” imply in the title
The name of cholera
The causes of cholera
Cholera spread fast
Cholera is powerful and hard to cure
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Cholera
dehydration(脱水)
diarrhoea(腹泻)
This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.
Activity 2 : Read for the Structure
John Snow desired to ________ cholera.
John Snow decided to prove __________ theory.
Snow began his study by ___________________.
________________ of the infection of cholera.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
The results and the _____________of Snow’s work.
Para. 5
What & Who
How
Truth
Results
destroy
the second
marking on a map
The truth
significance
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
Para1
John Snow desired to ________ cholera.
Para. 1
What & Who
destroy
Activity 3 : Read for information
Para 1 Who & What
John Snow
Cholera
a ______________________ doctor
became _________
never ________________________ _________ once and for all
British, young and famous
_____________ Queen Victoria
attended to
frustrated
lost his desire to destroy cholera
one of __________________ deseases
causes severe _____________ _________________________
millions of people __________
the disease in the early 19th century
the most feared
diarrhoea, dehydration and even death
died from
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
Para2
germ
/ m/
n.微生物;细菌;病菌
John Snow decided to prove __________ theory.
Para. 2
the second
Activity 3 : Read for information
Para 2-3 How
Para 2:
1. What problem did the two theories try to solve
2. What were the two theories and which did John Snow agree with
3. How did he prove it
1. What problem did the two theories try to solve
problem
2. What were the two theories and which did John Snow agree with
Two contradictory theories
Theory one:
caused by ________
Theory two:
caused by _______
bad air
germs
Snow subscribed to the second theory.

3. How did he prove it
question
Para3
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. What is more, in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. As a result of this evidence, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used. Through this intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.
Snow began his study by ___________________.
Para. 3
marking on a map
Para 3
What method did he use
How did he finally find out why
marking on a map
Analyze the map with your group member
Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
Which houses had no death in Broad Street
What result did he get
A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”
What method did Snow use
1) Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
2) Which houses had no death in Broad Street
Multiple deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame.
Evidence
Read Para.3 carefully and answer questions.
？
These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
？
It seemed that the woman liked the water so much that she had it delivered to the house every day.
He was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.
He had the handle of the pump removed.
2. Read Para.2 and 3 carefully and activity 3 and 4 on P3.
A. It was believed that cholera was caused by _______ or germs in ______________.
D. The pump water carried _______________.
C. Many deaths occurred near the ______________ in Broad Street.
Some people _________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after
__________________________.
B. Snow began by __________________ the places where people _____________.
E. The _________ of the pump was removed.
bad air
food or water
marking on the map
died had lived
water pump
had not
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
1. conclusion__
2.evidence__
3.process__
4.solution__
5.theories__
D
C
B
E
A
handle
Activity 4 : Read Para 2-3 again for scientific stages
Find a problem
Ask a question
Think of a method
Collect data
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion
Find a solution
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
Para4
1. What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854
Water companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste, causing people who drank this water to get cholera.
Truth
What happened to the pump water
The water which came from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
Para5
2. What contributions did John Snow make
1. What caused the outbreak of cholera in London
A. Bad air B. Water infected by raw waste
C. Polluted air D. Water polluted by the air
2.Why was John Snow considered the father of modern epidemiology [ ep di mi l d i]
1. He helped people know how to prevent cholera .
2. He transformed the way scientists study diseases in use of map and statistics.
Task 3 Read Para.4 and Para.5 carefully to answer the two questions.
Activity 5 : Read for information
Water companies began to sell clean water.
The threat of cholera around the world decreased.
He helped people know how to prevent cholera.
Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
2. What contributions did John Snow make
The Father of Modern Epidemiology
Para 5
戴手套
How to prevent the cholera
Was cholera defeated completely
How to prevent the cholera
To prevent cholera from
spreading, we'd better drink
pure or boiled water and
eat clean food.
Activity 5 : Read for thinking
1. His professional knowledge.
2. His strong determination.
4. His scientific mind-set.
(questioning mind / creative mind)
Why was it John Snow, not other doctors, who defeated
King Cholera
3. Scientific methods: the use of map and statistics
discovered artemisnin to treat malaria,
was awarded the Nobel Prize
the father of hybrid rice,
rid the world of hunger
Despite the danger of infection, devoted to the research of COVID-19
What qualities and scientific spirits do they have in common
the Father of Modern Epidemiology,
defeated King
Cholera
strong sense of social responsibility
face the challenge bravely
committed
knowledgeable
creative
critical thinking
hard work
devotion
determination
passion
creativity
selflessness
strict attitude
Common characteristics
Task 5 What qualities do you need to be a scientist .
4. Retell the story
In the early 19th century 1.________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, million of people died from the disease. John Snow ,who subscribed 2._____ the theory that cholera 3.____________ (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water , 4._________(desire) to destroy cholera. 5._________(use) maps and statistics, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water 6.________(carry) cholera germs.
Through Snow's tireless 7.__________ (effort), the disease was stopped in its tracks. Now we have known how 8.___________(prevent) cholera. Transforming 9._____ way scientists study diseases, John Snow 10.___________________(consider) the father of modern epidemiology .
when
to
was caused
desired
Using
carried
efforts
to prevent
the
is considered
No one understood 1._________ and every time it came, thousands died. Queen Victoria’s doctor, John Snow, wanted to 2.___________ how it was caused. When the disease came to 3. ________ again in 1854, Snow noticed that most of the 500 people who 4.________ had drunk the water from a 5.______________ in Broad Street. He concluded that the water was to 6._________ and found that the pump’s water came from a dirty
7. ________. After he had the 8._________ of the pum removed, people gradually stopped dying. Snow suggested all 9. ________ of water be checked and water companies take care not to supply people with dirty water. In this way, cholera was 10.__________.
Summary
cholera
find out
London
died
water pump
blame
river
handle
sources
defeated
6. Who is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of China to receive a Nobel Prize
Tu Youyou
She was awarded the Nobel Prize because she discovered the ______________ to cure __________.
artemisinin
malaria
7. Who invented the hybrid rice
Yuan Longping
He was called __________________________.
“the father of hybrid rice”