外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit1 Looking forwards Starting out and Understanding ideas基础过关练（有答案）
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Unit1 Starting out and Understanding ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A________（记者）refers to a person who reports news from a particular country or on a particular subject for a newspaper or a television or radio station.
2.Sherlock Holmes, a famous________（侦探）in Doyle’s story，is always with a pipe in his hand or mouth.
3.Great knowledge，rich experience and strong perseverance help a man achieve his________（追求）to the fullest.
4.The boy lost his balance and fell________（向后），falling into the river.
5.Youd better pause on these matters for a time before you make a________（决定）.
Ⅱ.写出下列教材原句中黑体词的词性和词义
1. Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way？
（词性：________词义：________）
2. As many of us already know，having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
（词性：________词义：________）
3. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors，born 40 years apart.
（词性：________词义：________）
4. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
（词性：________词义：________）
5. The American author，Ernest Hemingway，born in1899，was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.
（词性：________词义：________）
6. On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
（词性：________词义：________）
7. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
（词性：________词义：________）
8. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing.
（词性：________词义：________）
9. However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead.
（词性：________词义：________）
10. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works.
（词性：________词义：________）
11. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
（词性：________词义：________）
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. Lie down ________ (comfortable) and close your eyes, enjoying the peaceful moment.
2. What I want to know is what he ________(do) at this time tomorrow.
3. ________ (read) the novel from cover to cover, he knows every plot in it now.
4. They longed________(escape) from the rush of city e. so they moved to the countryside.
5. Although my grandfather is over 70 years old, he is ________(energy) and takes exercise every day.
6. She is confident that she will ________(ultimate) overcome all the difficulties and realize her dream.
7. Though he worked very hard, his ________(perform) in the exam was far from being satisfactory.
8. She found it difficult to get on with her________(possible) because of the difference in their ages.
9. He was about ________(lose) his temper when he was stopped by his sister.
10. They all agreed she truly was the kindest girl that they________(see).
Ⅳ.介词填空
1. The movie, which is based ________the popular novel of the same name has received a lot of praise.
2. According to a recent survey, many children are anxious or depressed ________great pressure from their parents and school.
3. We are ________the face of difficulties，yet we still have faith in victory.
4. To the teacher’s delight, the students adopted a new approach ________solving the problems.
5. Mark Twain，one of the greatest writers in American literature, once worked ________a pilot on the Mississippi River.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.天太热了，我们不得不整天开着空调。
It is ________ ________ ________ we have to have the air conditioner on all day long.
2.我们必须现在采取行动，否则就来不及了。
We must ________ ________ now before it is too late.
3.当白雪公主醒来时，她发现自己躺在一个小房子里，被七个小矮人围着。
When Snow White woke up, she ________ ________ ________ in a small house，surrounded by seven dwarfs.
4.面对逆境她从未想过放弃。
When faced with adversity, she was never tempted to________ ________.
5.不管你做什么，不要半途而废！
________ ________ ________ ,don’t stop halfway!
Ⅵ.课文语法填空
Facing the Future
As mar already know，having plans in place for the future is no guarantee 1 .they will become reality. In this respect，some people are 2 (fortunate)than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors.
The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On 3 (leave)high school，he Joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
In his words, I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about. 4 (set) himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea 5 (win) the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.
By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle born in Scotland in 1859, had 6 (original) worked as a doctor. After Sherlock Holmes made him famous, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely 7 writing. He still wanted to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. So he killed off the famous detective in a novel 8 (publish) in 1893. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced 9 (bring) Holmes back from the dead.
Though both of these men were successful at last, their paths to success were very different. So, 10 twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10._______
参考答案：
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. correspondent 2. detective 3. ambition 4. backwards 5. decision
Ⅱ. 写出下列教材原句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.动词；影响…的发展句意：我们采取行动来影响它的发展还是我们应该接受我们所遇到的一切？
2.名词；保证，担保句意：正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订好计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
3.动词；说明，解释句意：在这个方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相隔40年的著名作家的人生来说明。
4.动词；展现句意：尽管他们有着同样雄心勃勃和充满活力的生活方式，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展现。
5.名词；（男子的）孩童期，青少年时代句意：美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从童年早期起就一门心思想写作。
6.名词；实习生 句意：高中一毕业，他就加入了一家当地的堪萨斯报社，担任见习记者。
7.动词；对……有影响句意：他后来成了《多伦多星报》的名外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来的古巴的非凡经历来影响他的写作。
8.形容词；家喻户晓的句意：在夏洛克·福尔摩斯使他成为家喻户晓的人物后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入写作。
9.形容词；巨大的，极大的句意：然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们如此愤怒以至于在巨大的压力下，道尔被迫将福尔摩斯起死回生。
10.动词；渴望句意：他仍然渴望在其他学术著作中以他的历史小说而闻名。
11.动词；遭遇，遇到句意：所以，不管你可能遇到什么曲折，效仿这两位作家，做好应对意外的准备。
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. comfortably 考查副词。句意：舒服地躺下来，闭上眼睛，享受这平静的时刻。本空修饰动词短语Lie down，故应用副词作状语。
2. will be doing 考查时态。句意：我想知道的是他明天这个时候将在做什么。根据时间状语 at this time tomorrow可知，本空应用将来进行时。
3. Having read 考查现在分词的完成式。句意：把这部小说从头读到尾后，他现在了解其中的每一个情节。本空在句中作状语，句子主语he和动词read之间为主动关系，且动词read发生在谓语动词 knows之前，故本空应用现在分词的完成式作状语。
4. to escape 考查不定式。句意：他们渴望逃离城市生活的忙碌，所以他们搬到了农村。long to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
5. energetic 考查形容词。句意：虽然我爷爷已经70多岁了但他仍然非常精力充沛，每天都在锻炼。本空在主句中作表语，故应用形容词 energetic，意为“精力充沛的，充满活力的”。
6. ultimately 考查副词。句意：她相信她最终会克服所有的困难，实现她的梦想。本空在句中作状语，故应用副词ultimately，意为“最后，最终”。
7. performance 考查名词。句意：尽管他学习很努力，但他在考试中的表现远不能令人满意。本空在主句中作主语，根据空前形容词性物主代词his可知，本空应用名词 performance“表现”。
8. possibly 考查副词。句意：她觉得很难与她相处，这可能是因为她们年龄上的差距。本空修饰原因状语，故应用副词possibly，意为“可能，或许”。
9. to lose 考查不定式。句意：他正要发脾气，这时他被妹妹拦住了。本句为 be about to do…when…句型，意为“正要做这时故本空应用不定式。
10. had seen 考查时态。句意：他们都一致认为她的确是他们见过的最善良的女孩。that they_______（see）为定语从句，修饰先行词girl，根据句意可知，本空应用过去完成时。
Ⅳ.介词填空
1. on 句意：这部根据同名人气小说改编的电影大受好评。be based on.意为“以…为基础/根据……”，为固定搭配，故本空应用介词on。
2. under 句意：根据最近的一项调查，在父母和学校的巨大压力下，许多孩子感到焦虑或沮丧。under pressure意为“在压力下”，故本空应用介词 under。
3. in 句意：虽然面临困难，但是我们仍对胜利充满信心。in the face of意为“面对……”，故本空应用介词in。
4. to 句意：令老师高兴的是，学生们采用了一种新的方法来解决这些问题。an approach to（doing）sth.意为“（做）某事的方法/途径”，故本空应用介词to。
5. as 句意：马克·吐温，美国文学中最伟大的作家之一，曾经在密西西比河上做过领航员。work as意为“担任…，从事”，故本空应用介词as。
Ⅴ.完成句子
1. so hot that 2. take action 3. found herself lying 4. give up 5. Whatever you do
Ⅵ. 课文语法填空
1. that 考查引导词。句意：正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订好计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。本空引导同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故填that。
2. more fortunate 考查形容词比较级。句意：在这个方面，有些人比其他人更幸运……。根据空后than可知，本空应用形容词 fortunate的比较级形式。
3. leaving 考查动名词。句意：高中一毕业，他就加入了一家当地的堪萨斯报社，担任见习记者。根据空前介词on可知，本空应用动名词形式。
4. Having set 考查现在分词的完成式。句意：在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己的经历写了小说和短篇小说。本空在句中作状语，句子主语he和动词set之间为主动关系，且动作set发生在谓语动词 wrote之前，故本空应用现在分词的完成式 Having set。
5. won 考查时态。句意：他的短篇小说《老人与海》于1953年获得普利策小说奖。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语i1953可知，本空应用一般过去时。
6. originally 考查副词。句意：相比之下，年轻的阿瑟·柯南道尔于1859年出生于苏格兰，原先做过医生。本空修饰谓语，故应用副词 originally，意为“原来，起初”。
7. to 考查介词。句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯使他成名后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入写作。devote oneself to意为“致力于，献身于”，故本空应用介词to。
8. published 考查过去分词。句意：所以他在1893年出版的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探。本空修饰名词 novel，被修饰词novel和动词 publish之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作定语。
9. to bring 考查不定式。句意：然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们如此愤怒以至于在巨大的压力下，道尔被迫将福尔摩斯起死回生。be forced to do sth.意为“被迫做某事”，故本空应用不定式形式。
10. whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意：所以，不管你可能遇到什么曲折，效仿这两位作家，做好应对意外的准备。本空引导让步状语从句，根据空后 twists and turns可知，本空应用whatever“无论什么”。
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基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.A________（记者）refers to a person who reports news from a particular country or on a particular subject for a newspaper or a television or radio station.
2.Sherlock Holmes, a famous________（侦探）in Doyle’s story，is always with a pipe in his hand or mouth.
3.Great knowledge，rich experience and strong perseverance help a man achieve his________（追求）to the fullest.
4.The boy lost his balance and fell________（向后），falling into the river.
5.Youd better pause on these matters for a time before you make a________（决定）.
Ⅱ.写出下列教材原句中黑体词的词性和词义
1. Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way？
（词性：________词义：________）
2. As many of us already know，having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.
（词性：________词义：________）
3. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors，born 40 years apart.
（词性：________词义：________）
4. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
（词性：________词义：________）
5. The American author，Ernest Hemingway，born in1899，was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.
（词性：________词义：________）
6. On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
（词性：________词义：________）
7. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing.
（词性：________词义：________）
8. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing.
（词性：________词义：________）
9. However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead.
（词性：________词义：________）
10. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works.
（词性：________词义：________）
11. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
（词性：________词义：________）
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. Lie down ________ (comfortable) and close your eyes, enjoying the peaceful moment.
2. What I want to know is what he ________(do) at this time tomorrow.
3. ________ (read) the novel from cover to cover, he knows every plot in it now.
4. They longed________(escape) from the rush of city e. so they moved to the countryside.
5. Although my grandfather is over 70 years old, he is ________(energy) and takes exercise every day.
6. She is confident that she will ________(ultimate) overcome all the difficulties and realize her dream.
7. Though he worked very hard, his ________(perform) in the exam was far from being satisfactory.
8. She found it difficult to get on with her________(possible) because of the difference in their ages.
9. He was about ________(lose) his temper when he was stopped by his sister.
10. They all agreed she truly was the kindest girl that they________(see).
Ⅳ.介词填空
1. The movie, which is based ________the popular novel of the same name has received a lot of praise.
2. According to a recent survey, many children are anxious or depressed ________great pressure from their parents and school.
3. We are ________the face of difficulties，yet we still have faith in victory.
4. To the teacher’s delight, the students adopted a new approach ________solving the problems.
5. Mark Twain，one of the greatest writers in American literature, once worked ________a pilot on the Mississippi River.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.天太热了，我们不得不整天开着空调。
It is ________ ________ ________ we have to have the air conditioner on all day long.
2.我们必须现在采取行动，否则就来不及了。
We must ________ ________ now before it is too late.
3.当白雪公主醒来时，她发现自己躺在一个小房子里，被七个小矮人围着。
When Snow White woke up, she ________ ________ ________ in a small house，surrounded by seven dwarfs.
4.面对逆境她从未想过放弃。
When faced with adversity, she was never tempted to________ ________.
5.不管你做什么，不要半途而废！
________ ________ ________ ,don’t stop halfway!
Ⅵ.课文语法填空
Facing the Future
As mar already know，having plans in place for the future is no guarantee 1 .they will become reality. In this respect，some people are 2 (fortunate)than others，as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors.
The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On 3 (leave)high school，he Joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.
In his words, I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about. 4 (set) himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea 5 (win) the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.
By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle born in Scotland in 1859, had 6 (original) worked as a doctor. After Sherlock Holmes made him famous, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely 7 writing. He still wanted to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. So he killed off the famous detective in a novel 8 (publish) in 1893. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced 9 (bring) Holmes back from the dead.
Though both of these men were successful at last, their paths to success were very different. So, 10 twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______
6. _______ 7. _______ 8. _______ 9. _______ 10._______
参考答案：
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. correspondent 2. detective 3. ambition 4. backwards 5. decision
Ⅱ. 写出下列教材原句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.动词；影响…的发展句意：我们采取行动来影响它的发展还是我们应该接受我们所遇到的一切？
2.名词；保证，担保句意：正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订好计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。
3.动词；说明，解释句意：在这个方面，有些人比其他人更幸运，这可以通过比较两位出生相隔40年的著名作家的人生来说明。
4.动词；展现句意：尽管他们有着同样雄心勃勃和充满活力的生活方式，但他们的事业却以截然不同的方式展现。
5.名词；（男子的）孩童期，青少年时代句意：美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，从童年早期起就一门心思想写作。
6.名词；实习生 句意：高中一毕业，他就加入了一家当地的堪萨斯报社，担任见习记者。
7.动词；对……有影响句意：他后来成了《多伦多星报》的名外国记者，并利用他在欧洲和后来的古巴的非凡经历来影响他的写作。
8.形容词；家喻户晓的句意：在夏洛克·福尔摩斯使他成为家喻户晓的人物后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入写作。
9.形容词；巨大的，极大的句意：然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们如此愤怒以至于在巨大的压力下，道尔被迫将福尔摩斯起死回生。
10.动词；渴望句意：他仍然渴望在其他学术著作中以他的历史小说而闻名。
11.动词；遭遇，遇到句意：所以，不管你可能遇到什么曲折，效仿这两位作家，做好应对意外的准备。
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. comfortably 考查副词。句意：舒服地躺下来，闭上眼睛，享受这平静的时刻。本空修饰动词短语Lie down，故应用副词作状语。
2. will be doing 考查时态。句意：我想知道的是他明天这个时候将在做什么。根据时间状语 at this time tomorrow可知，本空应用将来进行时。
3. Having read 考查现在分词的完成式。句意：把这部小说从头读到尾后，他现在了解其中的每一个情节。本空在句中作状语，句子主语he和动词read之间为主动关系，且动词read发生在谓语动词 knows之前，故本空应用现在分词的完成式作状语。
4. to escape 考查不定式。句意：他们渴望逃离城市生活的忙碌，所以他们搬到了农村。long to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语。
5. energetic 考查形容词。句意：虽然我爷爷已经70多岁了但他仍然非常精力充沛，每天都在锻炼。本空在主句中作表语，故应用形容词 energetic，意为“精力充沛的，充满活力的”。
6. ultimately 考查副词。句意：她相信她最终会克服所有的困难，实现她的梦想。本空在句中作状语，故应用副词ultimately，意为“最后，最终”。
7. performance 考查名词。句意：尽管他学习很努力，但他在考试中的表现远不能令人满意。本空在主句中作主语，根据空前形容词性物主代词his可知，本空应用名词 performance“表现”。
8. possibly 考查副词。句意：她觉得很难与她相处，这可能是因为她们年龄上的差距。本空修饰原因状语，故应用副词possibly，意为“可能，或许”。
9. to lose 考查不定式。句意：他正要发脾气，这时他被妹妹拦住了。本句为 be about to do…when…句型，意为“正要做这时故本空应用不定式。
10. had seen 考查时态。句意：他们都一致认为她的确是他们见过的最善良的女孩。that they_______（see）为定语从句，修饰先行词girl，根据句意可知，本空应用过去完成时。
Ⅳ.介词填空
1. on 句意：这部根据同名人气小说改编的电影大受好评。be based on.意为“以…为基础/根据……”，为固定搭配，故本空应用介词on。
2. under 句意：根据最近的一项调查，在父母和学校的巨大压力下，许多孩子感到焦虑或沮丧。under pressure意为“在压力下”，故本空应用介词 under。
3. in 句意：虽然面临困难，但是我们仍对胜利充满信心。in the face of意为“面对……”，故本空应用介词in。
4. to 句意：令老师高兴的是，学生们采用了一种新的方法来解决这些问题。an approach to（doing）sth.意为“（做）某事的方法/途径”，故本空应用介词to。
5. as 句意：马克·吐温，美国文学中最伟大的作家之一，曾经在密西西比河上做过领航员。work as意为“担任…，从事”，故本空应用介词as。
Ⅴ.完成句子
1. so hot that 2. take action 3. found herself lying 4. give up 5. Whatever you do
Ⅵ. 课文语法填空
1. that 考查引导词。句意：正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制订好计划并不能保证它们会成为现实。本空引导同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故填that。
2. more fortunate 考查形容词比较级。句意：在这个方面，有些人比其他人更幸运……。根据空后than可知，本空应用形容词 fortunate的比较级形式。
3. leaving 考查动名词。句意：高中一毕业，他就加入了一家当地的堪萨斯报社，担任见习记者。根据空前介词on可知，本空应用动名词形式。
4. Having set 考查现在分词的完成式。句意：在为自己设定了这个目标之后，他根据自己的经历写了小说和短篇小说。本空在句中作状语，句子主语he和动词set之间为主动关系，且动作set发生在谓语动词 wrote之前，故本空应用现在分词的完成式 Having set。
5. won 考查时态。句意：他的短篇小说《老人与海》于1953年获得普利策小说奖。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语i1953可知，本空应用一般过去时。
6. originally 考查副词。句意：相比之下，年轻的阿瑟·柯南道尔于1859年出生于苏格兰，原先做过医生。本空修饰谓语，故应用副词 originally，意为“原来，起初”。
7. to 考查介词。句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯使他成名后，道尔放弃了医学，全身心地投入写作。devote oneself to意为“致力于，献身于”，故本空应用介词to。
8. published 考查过去分词。句意：所以他在1893年出版的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探。本空修饰名词 novel，被修饰词novel和动词 publish之间为被动关系，故本空应用过去分词作定语。
9. to bring 考查不定式。句意：然而，福尔摩斯的粉丝们如此愤怒以至于在巨大的压力下，道尔被迫将福尔摩斯起死回生。be forced to do sth.意为“被迫做某事”，故本空应用不定式形式。
10. whatever 考查让步状语从句。句意：所以，不管你可能遇到什么曲折，效仿这两位作家，做好应对意外的准备。本空引导让步状语从句，根据空后 twists and turns可知，本空应用whatever“无论什么”。
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