外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit2 Lessons in life易混易错点辨析学案（有答案）
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【名师原创】：Unit2 易混易错点辨析
●such as; for example
【教材原句】
While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都可用于表示举例事物或情况，有时可互换，有一定区别。
such as 意思是“例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类”, 相当于like, 可以用来列举一个事物或情况，这时可以和for example换用，但更多情况下用于列举两个或两个以上的事物或情况，而且不能放在句首和句尾，such as后也不跟逗号，有时such 和as可以分开。
for example意思是“例如，比如”，相当于for instance, 一般列举一个事物或情况，for和example不能分开，for example后常接逗号，也可不用逗号；for example或for instance可以放句首或句尾。
【例句呈现】
Organizations such as schools and clubs bind a community together.
诸如学校、俱乐部等机构使社区成为一个整体。
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land's slope.
速度由诸如地面坡度这样的内在因素决定。
Personal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken into account.
个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。
Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
She was involved in many New Age activities such as yoga and healing.
她参加了很多“新时代”活动，如瑜伽和康复法。
You have to type in commands, such as 'help' and 'print'
你必须输入命令，例如“帮助”或“打印”。
The report is incomplete; it does not include sales in France, for example.
这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没包括进去。
Have they, for example, demonstrated a commitment to democracy
例如，他们是否已表现出会致力于民主？
Let us suppose, for example, that you are married with two children.
比方说，我们假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。
Many factors are important, such as class, gender, age and ethnicity.
许多因素都很重要，如阶级、性别、年龄及民族。
It is possible to combine Computer Science with other subjects, for example Physics.
将计算机科学与其他学科，如物理学，结合起来是可能的。
There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and in Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
There's confusion and resentment, and it's almost never expressed out in the open. Take this office, for example.
有人迷惘，有人憎恨，可是几乎谁也没有公开表达过。就拿这个办公室的人来说吧。
【考点过关】
根据such as; for example填空
1. After talking about the job in general, we got down to the specifics, ________ the salary.
2. Carmakers use robots to do unpleasant jobs, ________ painting cars in hot conditions.
3. There is a real risk of injury in sports ________ climbing.
4. There are many big cities in Europe, ________, London, Paris and Rome.
5. ________, we are to have less clothes, coal and food even than we have had and less petrol than we expected.
6. I know many women who have a career and a family Alison ________.
7. Great men have risen from poverty—Lincoln and Edison, ________.
8. Many young people are taking radio courses in English. There is the boy next door, ________.
9. Some sports, _______ motor racing, can be dangerous.
10. My wife likes social activities, ______ tennis and golf.
11. Avoid unhealthy foods ______ hamburger and chips.
12. The disease attacks such animals _______ cats and dogs.
13. Each situation is different. ______, a man with a rich wife doesn't have to work.
14. You make too many mistakes—lots of spelling mistakes, ______.
15. One of the side effects may be to change the geographical distribution of parasitic diseases _______ malaria.
【参考答案】
1. such as / for example 2. such as / for example 3. such as / like 4. for example 5. For example 6. for example 7. for example 8. for example; 9. such as/for example; 10. such as/like; 11. such as/like; 12. as; 13. For example; 14. for example; 15. such as/for example
●keep/stay in touch with…; get in touch with….; lose touch with….
【教材原句】
I guess that’s one of the lessons of the book—always keep in touch with the good people you meet as you go through life. (教材P15)
Morrie’s reflections on love and friendship made me think about my life and all the good friends that I’ve lost touch with along the way. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都有“与人联系”的意思，但用法有区别。
keep in touch with…. 意思是“与某人保持联系”，强调原来已经有联系，而且这种联系没有间断，可以与表示时间段的时间状语联系。
get in touch with…. 意思是“与…..取得联系”，反义词组是lose touch with….，强调瞬间动作，一般不与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
温馨提示：句子中不出现具体时间状语时，两者可根据具体语境互换。
lose touch with….意思是“与….失去联系”，不能和时间段连用。
【例句呈现】
I'm definitely going to get in touch with these people.
我肯定会跟这些人取得联系。
I want to explore and get in touch with my inner self
我想认真探寻、了解内心的自我。
I tried to get in touch with you last night, but I think you were out.
我昨晚想要和你联系，但好像你不在家里。
I will get in touch with solicitors about this.
我会就此事与律师联系。
You might get in touch with him.
你不妨同他联系一下。
I shall get in touch with him tomorrow.
我明天和他接头。
Don't forget to keep in touch with your teachers and classmates after you graduate.
毕业后别忘了和你的老师和同学保持联系。
He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
他需要随时和她保持联系。
It is important to keep in touch with the latest research.
及时掌握最新研究情况很重要。
Keep in touch with me.
随时跟我保持联系。
Would allow us to keep in touch with one another,
将会使我们与他人联系
You can keep in touch with your friends no matter where and when.
通过手机，你可以随时随地与朋友保持联系。
【考点过关】
用get in touch with…和keep in touch with…的适当形式填空。
1. Everyone is supposed ________ their feelings.
2. We must ________ each other all the time.
3. We have lost touch with Tom, so we are now sending Comrade Zhang along _______ him.
4. For a long time, it's the way they _________ their friends.
5. When you get to New York, you might ________ a friend of mine first.
6. Do you still _______ your parents regularly for these years
7. He promised to _______ us as soon as he returned from Europe.
8. We like the fact that our staff _______ each other all the time, through personal phone calls and emails.
9. Fortunately, I managed ________ Mary and sent her a photo.
10. I still _______ with my teachers, and this Chinese New Year I visited Mr. Dan.
11. If you are interested in volunteering, then _______ us at once.
12. I'm definitely going ________ these people.
13. I ________ the company's customer service for many years.
14. I think that you should ________ your relatives.
【参考答案】
1. to get in touch with/to keep in touch with; 2. keep in touch with; 3. to get in touch with; 4. keep in touch with; 5. get in touch with; 6. keep in touch with; 7. get in touch with; 8. keep in touch with; 9. to get in touch with; 10. keep in touch; 11. get in touch with; 12. to get in touch with/to keep in touch with; 13. have been keeping in touch with; 14. get in touch with/keep in touch with
●主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.; 主语 + be used to do sth.
【教材原句】
Most of the characters in his stories are animals, the qualities of which Aesop used to reflect human traits and wisdom. (教材P17)
【辨析】
主语 + used to do sth. 表示“过去常常”，说明过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不那样做或已经不存在了。其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。
主语 + be/get used to sth./doing sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，be是系动词,可以用于过去、现在、将来的多种时态, 还可以用get, become等词来代替。
主语 + be used to do sth. =主语 + be used for doing sth. 表示“被用来做某事”，是use sth. to do sth. 和use sth. for doing sth.的被动结构。
温馨提示：
①used to do sth. 的疑问式为Did … use to … 或Used … to … 构成；否定式为didn’t use to do sth. 或 usedn’t to do sth.
② there used to be… 表示“过去有….”
【例句呈现】
This powerful drug is used to tranquilize patients undergoing surgery.
这种强效药剂被用来麻醉手术病人。
The test is used to diagnose a variety of diseases.
此项化验可用于诊断多种疾病。
They used to buy ten kilos of beef in one lump.
他们过去常买10公斤重的整块牛肉。
The old-timers used to recall how hot 1886 was.
老人们常常回想起1886年的酷热。
I used to watch TV, but now I don’t like it.
我过去常常看电视,但现在不喜欢了。
He didn’t use / used not to go home by bus.
他过去不常坐公共汽车回家。
-- Did you use to be a teacher / Used you to be a teacher 你过去是老师吗
-- Yes, I did. 是的。
There used to be an old temple behind my house, didn’t there
过去我家房子后面有一个古寺，是吗？
He is used to air travel.
他习惯坐飞机旅行。
She is not used to eating Chinese food.
她不习惯吃中餐。
You’ll soon be/get/become used to our way of living.
你不久就会习惯我们的生活方式的。
Wood is often used to make desks and chairs.
木材常常被用来制作桌椅。
Coal can be used to keep warm.
煤可以用来取暖。
I am used to getting up early.
我习惯早起。
【考点过关】
根据“主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.; 主语 + be used to do sth. ”用法填空
1. My cousin is used to ________ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
2. I never used to ___________ (eat) cakes, but I eat a lot now.
3. My mother is used to ________ (get) up early to cook breakfast for us.
4. I used to ___________ (go) swimming on Saturdays.
5. Jim has lived in Australia for two years. He is used to _________ (drive) on the left.
6. Didn’t she use to ____________ (live) in Germany
7. You’ll soon get used to ___________ (live) in the country.
8. I’m not used to _____________ (treat) like this.
9. My parents used to ________ (get) up at 7, but now they get up at 6 and cook breakfast for me.
10. Knives are used for _________ (cut) things.
【参考答案】
1. studying; 2. eat; 3. getting; 4. go; 5. driving; 6. live; 7. living; 8. being treated; 9. get; 10. cutting
●widely；wide (副词)
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrote many plays, but The Blue Bird was the most popular and has been widely translated and adapted all over the world Performed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first foreign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
【例句呈现】
The championship is still wide open.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what's wrong with your teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The door was wide open.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The most widely distributed is the Hui people.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The conversation ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The school is _______ admired for its excellent teaching.
4. He opened the window _______.
5. He is _______ acknowledged as the best player in the world.
6. I want to travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese folk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and become more and more celebrated with the passing of time.
9. The idea is now ________ accepted.
10. Those old people lay in bed _______ awake all night long.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide
●adapt, adopt
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrote many plays, but The Blue Bird was the most popular and has been widely translated and adapted all over the world Performed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first foreign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法完全不同。
adapt 修改，改装；改编，改写（使适应新用途或新情况）, 常构成以下结构：
adapt sth. for sth. 改编/改装/修改使用于……
adapt oneself to sth. 使某人适应….
adapt sth. from sth. 从….改编某物, 被动结构为: sth. be adapted from….
adapt to…. 适应…..
adopt 采纳，采用，采取；接受，批准；收养, 领养
【例句呈现】
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
They have had to adapt themselves to a war economy.
他们不得不适应战时经济。
The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change
世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
Shelves were built to adapt the library for use as an office.
为将图书馆改作办公室而做了一些架子。
Many corporate methods have been adopted by American managers in imitation of Japanese practice.
美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。
She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and adopted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
If you want to improve your situation you must adopt a positive mental attitude.
如果你打算改变自己的境遇，就必须树立一种积极的心态。
【考点过关】
用adapt和adopt的适当形式填空
1. Pupils should be helped to ________ a positive approach to the environment.
2. Recently, the film _______ from a play of the same title.
3. She produced a TV series about _______ children.
4. So far, he _______ the play for the screen.
5. She was forced to have her baby _______.
6. Mary has tried to _______ to local customs.
7. All three teams _______ different approaches to the problem yesterday.
8. It is through our nervous system that we _______ ourselves to our environment.
9. Obviously, a more objective method of description must _______.
10. Although these vegetables _______ well to our temperate climate, they tend to crop poorly.
【参考答案】
1. adopt; 2. has been adapted; 3. adopted; 4. has adapted; 5. adopted; 6. adapt; 7. adopted; 8. adapt; 9. be adopted; 10. adapt
●be composed of….= be comprised of….= be made up of….= consist of…;be made of….; be made from….;
【教材原句】
Despite its widespread recognition, my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated. (教材P15)
The Blue Bird is a typical full-length play, which means it has several acts and each act is composed of several scenes. (教材P22)
【辨析】
be composed of….= be comprised of….= be made up of….= consist of…意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成。
be made of…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made from… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
【例句呈现】
It may be composed of multiple person records from different source systems.
它可能会包含来自不同源系统的多人记录。
Each group should be composed of at least ten members.
这个团队应该组成一个三人团队。
Some composite applications may be composed of several pages.
某些复合应用程序可能由一些页面组成。
Facial perception can be composed of face analysis and synthesis.
人脸感知可由分析与合成人脸两部分构成。
In some conditions the new manufacture system can be composed of many atom enterprises.
它可以同其它原子企业在一定的外界条件下构成一种新的生产体系结构。
In an assembly, services can be composed of other services.
在装配中，服务可由其他服务组装而成。
Services can be composed of other services.
服务可由其它的服务来组成。
Navy must be composed of surface ship unit and submarine unit.
海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。
The traffic accident crime subjective element shall only be composed of fault.
The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices.
新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
The division will consist of two tank companies and one infantry company
这个师的组成部队将包括两个坦克连和一个步兵连。
The lungs consist of millions of tiny air sacs.
肺由数百万个小气囊组成。
A healthy diet should consist of wholefood.
健康饮食应由全天然食物构成。
All bodies consist of molecules and molecules consist of atoms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
Most of them consist of only one cell.
他们中大部分是单细胞生物。
In short, the building would consist of two floors.
简而言之，办公楼将由两层构成。
The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These houses are made of bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made from grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made from milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made into jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Road' is soon to be made into a television mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up of both new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plato conjectured each of these elements to be made up of a certain Platonic solid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first two seasons, the third will most likely be comprised of 10 parts, which will bring its overall count to 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be comprised of several different species of Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ various metals and elements so that they give off different colors.
2. The taps appeared to be made _______ solid gold.
3. They used to be made _________ pigskin.
4. But those piles of metals in the warehouses(仓库) are waiting to be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydration is an essential part of maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen to be made up ______ about 96 percent water-more than most solid foods, including watermelon.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavored, chocolate-coated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be comprised ______ either basic animal or human research or both.
8. The full text is supposed to be comprised ______ five parts in detailed elaboration.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. of; 3. of; 4. into; 5. of; 6. into; 7. of; 8. of
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●such as; for example
【教材原句】
While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都可用于表示举例事物或情况，有时可互换，有一定区别。
such as 意思是“例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类”, 相当于like, 可以用来列举一个事物或情况，这时可以和for example换用，但更多情况下用于列举两个或两个以上的事物或情况，而且不能放在句首和句尾，such as后也不跟逗号，有时such 和as可以分开。
for example意思是“例如，比如”，相当于for instance, 一般列举一个事物或情况，for和example不能分开，for example后常接逗号，也可不用逗号；for example或for instance可以放句首或句尾。
【例句呈现】
Organizations such as schools and clubs bind a community together.
诸如学校、俱乐部等机构使社区成为一个整体。
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land's slope.
速度由诸如地面坡度这样的内在因素决定。
Personal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken into account.
个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。
Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and flood
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
She was involved in many New Age activities such as yoga and healing.
她参加了很多“新时代”活动，如瑜伽和康复法。
You have to type in commands, such as 'help' and 'print'
你必须输入命令，例如“帮助”或“打印”。
The report is incomplete; it does not include sales in France, for example.
这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没包括进去。
Have they, for example, demonstrated a commitment to democracy
例如，他们是否已表现出会致力于民主？
Let us suppose, for example, that you are married with two children.
比方说，我们假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。
Many factors are important, such as class, gender, age and ethnicity.
许多因素都很重要，如阶级、性别、年龄及民族。
It is possible to combine Computer Science with other subjects, for example Physics.
将计算机科学与其他学科，如物理学，结合起来是可能的。
There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and in Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
There's confusion and resentment, and it's almost never expressed out in the open. Take this office, for example.
有人迷惘，有人憎恨，可是几乎谁也没有公开表达过。就拿这个办公室的人来说吧。
【考点过关】
根据such as; for example填空
1. After talking about the job in general, we got down to the specifics, ________ the salary.
2. Carmakers use robots to do unpleasant jobs, ________ painting cars in hot conditions.
3. There is a real risk of injury in sports ________ climbing.
4. There are many big cities in Europe, ________, London, Paris and Rome.
5. ________, we are to have less clothes, coal and food even than we have had and less petrol than we expected.
6. I know many women who have a career and a family Alison ________.
7. Great men have risen from poverty—Lincoln and Edison, ________.
8. Many young people are taking radio courses in English. There is the boy next door, ________.
9. Some sports, _______ motor racing, can be dangerous.
10. My wife likes social activities, ______ tennis and golf.
11. Avoid unhealthy foods ______ hamburger and chips.
12. The disease attacks such animals _______ cats and dogs.
13. Each situation is different. ______, a man with a rich wife doesn't have to work.
14. You make too many mistakes—lots of spelling mistakes, ______.
15. One of the side effects may be to change the geographical distribution of parasitic diseases _______ malaria.
【参考答案】
1. such as / for example 2. such as / for example 3. such as / like 4. for example 5. For example 6. for example 7. for example 8. for example; 9. such as/for example; 10. such as/like; 11. such as/like; 12. as; 13. For example; 14. for example; 15. such as/for example
●keep/stay in touch with…; get in touch with….; lose touch with….
【教材原句】
I guess that’s one of the lessons of the book—always keep in touch with the good people you meet as you go through life. (教材P15)
Morrie’s reflections on love and friendship made me think about my life and all the good friends that I’ve lost touch with along the way. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都有“与人联系”的意思，但用法有区别。
keep in touch with…. 意思是“与某人保持联系”，强调原来已经有联系，而且这种联系没有间断，可以与表示时间段的时间状语联系。
get in touch with…. 意思是“与…..取得联系”，反义词组是lose touch with….，强调瞬间动作，一般不与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
温馨提示：句子中不出现具体时间状语时，两者可根据具体语境互换。
lose touch with….意思是“与….失去联系”，不能和时间段连用。
【例句呈现】
I'm definitely going to get in touch with these people.
我肯定会跟这些人取得联系。
I want to explore and get in touch with my inner self
我想认真探寻、了解内心的自我。
I tried to get in touch with you last night, but I think you were out.
我昨晚想要和你联系，但好像你不在家里。
I will get in touch with solicitors about this.
我会就此事与律师联系。
You might get in touch with him.
你不妨同他联系一下。
I shall get in touch with him tomorrow.
我明天和他接头。
Don't forget to keep in touch with your teachers and classmates after you graduate.
毕业后别忘了和你的老师和同学保持联系。
He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.
他需要随时和她保持联系。
It is important to keep in touch with the latest research.
及时掌握最新研究情况很重要。
Keep in touch with me.
随时跟我保持联系。
Would allow us to keep in touch with one another,
将会使我们与他人联系
You can keep in touch with your friends no matter where and when.
通过手机，你可以随时随地与朋友保持联系。
【考点过关】
用get in touch with…和keep in touch with…的适当形式填空。
1. Everyone is supposed ________ their feelings.
2. We must ________ each other all the time.
3. We have lost touch with Tom, so we are now sending Comrade Zhang along _______ him.
4. For a long time, it's the way they _________ their friends.
5. When you get to New York, you might ________ a friend of mine first.
6. Do you still _______ your parents regularly for these years
7. He promised to _______ us as soon as he returned from Europe.
8. We like the fact that our staff _______ each other all the time, through personal phone calls and emails.
9. Fortunately, I managed ________ Mary and sent her a photo.
10. I still _______ with my teachers, and this Chinese New Year I visited Mr. Dan.
11. If you are interested in volunteering, then _______ us at once.
12. I'm definitely going ________ these people.
13. I ________ the company's customer service for many years.
14. I think that you should ________ your relatives.
【参考答案】
1. to get in touch with/to keep in touch with; 2. keep in touch with; 3. to get in touch with; 4. keep in touch with; 5. get in touch with; 6. keep in touch with; 7. get in touch with; 8. keep in touch with; 9. to get in touch with; 10. keep in touch; 11. get in touch with; 12. to get in touch with/to keep in touch with; 13. have been keeping in touch with; 14. get in touch with/keep in touch with
●主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.; 主语 + be used to do sth.
【教材原句】
Most of the characters in his stories are animals, the qualities of which Aesop used to reflect human traits and wisdom. (教材P17)
【辨析】
主语 + used to do sth. 表示“过去常常”，说明过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不那样做或已经不存在了。其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。
主语 + be/get used to sth./doing sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，be是系动词,可以用于过去、现在、将来的多种时态, 还可以用get, become等词来代替。
主语 + be used to do sth. =主语 + be used for doing sth. 表示“被用来做某事”，是use sth. to do sth. 和use sth. for doing sth.的被动结构。
温馨提示：
①used to do sth. 的疑问式为Did … use to … 或Used … to … 构成；否定式为didn’t use to do sth. 或 usedn’t to do sth.
② there used to be… 表示“过去有….”
【例句呈现】
This powerful drug is used to tranquilize patients undergoing surgery.
这种强效药剂被用来麻醉手术病人。
The test is used to diagnose a variety of diseases.
此项化验可用于诊断多种疾病。
They used to buy ten kilos of beef in one lump.
他们过去常买10公斤重的整块牛肉。
The old-timers used to recall how hot 1886 was.
老人们常常回想起1886年的酷热。
I used to watch TV, but now I don’t like it.
我过去常常看电视,但现在不喜欢了。
He didn’t use / used not to go home by bus.
他过去不常坐公共汽车回家。
-- Did you use to be a teacher / Used you to be a teacher 你过去是老师吗
-- Yes, I did. 是的。
There used to be an old temple behind my house, didn’t there
过去我家房子后面有一个古寺，是吗？
He is used to air travel.
他习惯坐飞机旅行。
She is not used to eating Chinese food.
她不习惯吃中餐。
You’ll soon be/get/become used to our way of living.
你不久就会习惯我们的生活方式的。
Wood is often used to make desks and chairs.
木材常常被用来制作桌椅。
Coal can be used to keep warm.
煤可以用来取暖。
I am used to getting up early.
我习惯早起。
【考点过关】
根据“主语 + used to do; 主语 + be/get used to doing sth.; 主语 + be used to do sth. ”用法填空
1. My cousin is used to ________ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
2. I never used to ___________ (eat) cakes, but I eat a lot now.
3. My mother is used to ________ (get) up early to cook breakfast for us.
4. I used to ___________ (go) swimming on Saturdays.
5. Jim has lived in Australia for two years. He is used to _________ (drive) on the left.
6. Didn’t she use to ____________ (live) in Germany
7. You’ll soon get used to ___________ (live) in the country.
8. I’m not used to _____________ (treat) like this.
9. My parents used to ________ (get) up at 7, but now they get up at 6 and cook breakfast for me.
10. Knives are used for _________ (cut) things.
【参考答案】
1. studying; 2. eat; 3. getting; 4. go; 5. driving; 6. live; 7. living; 8. being treated; 9. get; 10. cutting
●widely；wide (副词)
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrote many plays, but The Blue Bird was the most popular and has been widely translated and adapted all over the world Performed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first foreign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
【例句呈现】
The championship is still wide open.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open your mouth wide, so that I may see clearly what's wrong with your teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The door was wide open.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The most widely distributed is the Hui people.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is now widely used for cooking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt to save her had failed soon became widely known.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The conversation ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely from shop to shop.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The school is _______ admired for its excellent teaching.
4. He opened the window _______.
5. He is _______ acknowledged as the best player in the world.
6. I want to travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese folk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and become more and more celebrated with the passing of time.
9. The idea is now ________ accepted.
10. Those old people lay in bed _______ awake all night long.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide
●adapt, adopt
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrote many plays, but The Blue Bird was the most popular and has been widely translated and adapted all over the world Performed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first foreign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法完全不同。
adapt 修改，改装；改编，改写（使适应新用途或新情况）, 常构成以下结构：
adapt sth. for sth. 改编/改装/修改使用于……
adapt oneself to sth. 使某人适应….
adapt sth. from sth. 从….改编某物, 被动结构为: sth. be adapted from….
adapt to…. 适应…..
adopt 采纳，采用，采取；接受，批准；收养, 领养
【例句呈现】
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
They have had to adapt themselves to a war economy.
他们不得不适应战时经济。
The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change
世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
Shelves were built to adapt the library for use as an office.
为将图书馆改作办公室而做了一些架子。
Many corporate methods have been adopted by American managers in imitation of Japanese practice.
美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。
She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and adopted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
If you want to improve your situation you must adopt a positive mental attitude.
如果你打算改变自己的境遇，就必须树立一种积极的心态。
【考点过关】
用adapt和adopt的适当形式填空
1. Pupils should be helped to ________ a positive approach to the environment.
2. Recently, the film _______ from a play of the same title.
3. She produced a TV series about _______ children.
4. So far, he _______ the play for the screen.
5. She was forced to have her baby _______.
6. Mary has tried to _______ to local customs.
7. All three teams _______ different approaches to the problem yesterday.
8. It is through our nervous system that we _______ ourselves to our environment.
9. Obviously, a more objective method of description must _______.
10. Although these vegetables _______ well to our temperate climate, they tend to crop poorly.
【参考答案】
1. adopt; 2. has been adapted; 3. adopted; 4. has adapted; 5. adopted; 6. adapt; 7. adopted; 8. adapt; 9. be adopted; 10. adapt
●be composed of….= be comprised of….= be made up of….= consist of…;be made of….; be made from….;
【教材原句】
Despite its widespread recognition, my first impression was that Tuesdays with Morrie is just made up of a collection of over-emotional thoughts and messages, many of which are repeated. (教材P15)
The Blue Bird is a typical full-length play, which means it has several acts and each act is composed of several scenes. (教材P22)
【辨析】
be composed of….= be comprised of….= be made up of….= consist of…意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成。
be made of…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made from… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
【例句呈现】
It may be composed of multiple person records from different source systems.
它可能会包含来自不同源系统的多人记录。
Each group should be composed of at least ten members.
这个团队应该组成一个三人团队。
Some composite applications may be composed of several pages.
某些复合应用程序可能由一些页面组成。
Facial perception can be composed of face analysis and synthesis.
人脸感知可由分析与合成人脸两部分构成。
In some conditions the new manufacture system can be composed of many atom enterprises.
它可以同其它原子企业在一定的外界条件下构成一种新的生产体系结构。
In an assembly, services can be composed of other services.
在装配中，服务可由其他服务组装而成。
Services can be composed of other services.
服务可由其它的服务来组成。
Navy must be composed of surface ship unit and submarine unit.
海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。
The traffic accident crime subjective element shall only be composed of fault.
The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices.
新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
The division will consist of two tank companies and one infantry company
这个师的组成部队将包括两个坦克连和一个步兵连。
The lungs consist of millions of tiny air sacs.
肺由数百万个小气囊组成。
A healthy diet should consist of wholefood.
健康饮食应由全天然食物构成。
All bodies consist of molecules and molecules consist of atoms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
Most of them consist of only one cell.
他们中大部分是单细胞生物。
In short, the building would consist of two floors.
简而言之，办公楼将由两层构成。
The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These houses are made of bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made from grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made from milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made into jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Road' is soon to be made into a television mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up of both new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plato conjectured each of these elements to be made up of a certain Platonic solid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first two seasons, the third will most likely be comprised of 10 parts, which will bring its overall count to 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be comprised of several different species of Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ various metals and elements so that they give off different colors.
2. The taps appeared to be made _______ solid gold.
3. They used to be made _________ pigskin.
4. But those piles of metals in the warehouses(仓库) are waiting to be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydration is an essential part of maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen to be made up ______ about 96 percent water-more than most solid foods, including watermelon.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavored, chocolate-coated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be comprised ______ either basic animal or human research or both.
8. The full text is supposed to be comprised ______ five parts in detailed elaboration.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. of; 3. of; 4. into; 5. of; 6. into; 7. of; 8. of
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