外研版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Lessons in life单元考点突破学案（含答案）

名师原创：Unit2 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. compare to 与……相比，和……比起来
【原句再现】
What is life compared to in this story (教材P13)
【词块积累】
comparison n. 比较；比拟
compare A with/to B.　把A同B作比较
compare A to B. 把A比作B
compare A and B 对比A和B
beyond/without compare. 无与伦比的，不可比的
compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见
make a comparison between sb./sth. 对某人/某物进行比较
【精品例句】
We often made decisions by comparing information.
我们经常通过对比信息来做决定
Compare this to that, and you’ll see which is better.
把这个和那个对比，你能看出哪个更好
By/In comparison with last year, the price of beef has increased.
与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了
She is tall，compared to most of her classmates.
与她大多数同学相比，她算很高了。
Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting.
电影的历史相对较短，尤其是和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比。
Compared to cars，bicycles cause no environmental problems.
与汽车相比，自行车不会造成环境问题。
【高考链接】
Film has a much shorter history, especially when ______ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting. (全国课改卷) (compared)
Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of home work, ________ (compare). (福建卷) (compared)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Nothing can compare _____ mother’s love. (with)
2. far from…. 远非
【原句再现】
In fact, far from being a book about death, it's a book about life. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
far from＋n./adj.　离……很远；远离；远非……
far from doing sth. 决不会做某事
far from it 完全相反；远非如此
【精品例句】
If you get to know him, you will find he is far from a fool.
如果你和他熟悉了，就会发现他一点也不傻
So far we have done a lot to build a low carbon economy, but it is far from ideal. We have to work still harder.
到目前为止，我们已经做了很多工作来建立一个低碳经济，但它离理想还很远。 我们还要更努力地工作。
It is far from the truth.
事实远非如此。
【高考链接】
Your exam results are far from satisfactory. It's time for you to double your effort. (江苏卷) (from)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Far from ______ (improve)the situation, you have just made it worse. (improving)
3. anticipate vt. 预料；预见；期望
【原句再现】
As Morrie anticipates his own death, he observes everything as though through new eyes — the things around him seem more beautiful than ever before and hold new meanings. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
anticipate doing sth.　期待(期盼)做．....
anticipate＋n./that... 期待(期盼)
It is anticipated that... 据预测……
in anticipation 预先地；期待地
in anticipation of …..预期……，期待……
【精品例句】
At the time we couldn't have anticipated the result of our campaigning.
那时我们不可能预料到我们这项运动的结果。
I anticipated(that there would be) trouble.
我预料会有麻烦。
I anticipated the rain by taking an umbrella.
我预料会下雨，所以带了雨伞。
The directors anticipated a fall in demand.
董事们预感需求会降低。
I anticipate that the result will be a draw.
我预料结果会打成平局。
It turns out that we were more successful than we had anticipated.
结果比我们原先设想的还要好。
【高考链接】
We anticipate ________ (see) you again soon. (河北卷) (see)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It is widely _________ (anticipate) that she will resign. (anticipated)
He bought extra food in _______ (anticipate) of more people coming than he had invited. (anticipation)
4. result n. 结果，成果，成绩；vi. 发生，导致
【原句再现】
The weekly conversations between Mitch and Morrie result in a series of lessons on the meaning of life and how best to live it. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
the football results 足球比赛结果
get good results 取得好成绩
as a result 因此
as a result (of) 作为…的结果
result from 由…引起/发生/产生
result in 造成，导致=lead to = bring about
【精品例句】
If you believe in yourself and work hard, you can achieve great results.
如果你相信自己并付出努力，你就会得到好结果
This book is the result of 25 years of research. 这本书是25年的研究成果
Alice overslept this morning. As a result, she was late for work.
爱丽丝今早上睡过了，结果上班迟到了
About 21million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking.
二十世纪九十年代，大约有2100万人死于吸烟
Pollution and other serious problems have resulted from human progress.
人类的发展引起了污染和其它严重问题
I learned that shouting and threats of punishment would result in a disaster.
我认识到，叫嚣和威胁惩罚会导致祸端
【高考链接】
Jenny nearly missed the flight _____ doing too much shopping. (全国卷)
A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of (A)
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
My friend Martin was very sick with a stranger fever, ____, he could neither eat nor sleep.
A. as a result B. after all C. anyway D. otherwise
5. observe vt &vi. 察觉到; 注意到; 观察; 观测；遵守/奉行(法律、习俗等); 庆祝(节日)
【原句再现】
As Morrie anticipates his own death, he observes everything as though through new eyes—the things around him seem more beautiful than ever before and hold new meanings. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
observation n. 观察
observatory n.天文台;观象台;气象台
observer n.观察者;观察员
observe the law遵守法律
observe the local customs遵循当地习俗
observe ... doing sth. 注意/观察到某人在某事
observe ... do sth. 注意/观察到某人做了某事
observe + that从句 据观察…
observe + wh-从句 观察…
【精品例句】
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observe d a surprising behaviour:在猫和狗和平共处的家庭中，研究者们观察到一个奇怪的行为
The police officer observed him driving at l00 miles per hour.
警察发现他以100英里的时速驾车行驶
One student performs the experiment, while his partner observes.
一个学生做实验，他的同伴则观察。
The teacher required the students to observe how the people in the group interacted.
老师让学生们观察这个组内的人是如何交流互动的
Do you observe Christmas in your country 你们国家庆祝圣诞节吗
【高考链接】
______carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(北京卷)
Observe B. To observe C. Observed D. Observing (A)
Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still the traditional customs. (湖北卷)
A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The police observed the man ______ (enter) the bank. (enter/entering)
It was ______ (observe) that successful people spent a lot more time reading than they did watching. (observed)
6. appreciate vt. 欣赏/赏识；重视；感激/感谢；领会/理解；vi.增值
【原句再现】
This encourages us to appreciate what we have，and to make the most of each day. (教材P14)
【词块积累】
appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if...假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate the significance/value of sth. 理解某事的重要性/意义
appreciate + that/wh-从句 意识到/理解/明白某事
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；鉴赏
have a deep appreciation of literature 对文学有很高的鉴赏力
express one's appreciation to sb.for sth.表达因某事对某人的感激之情
【精品例句】
I really appreciate your handwriting.你字写得真好
His talents aren't appreciated by his boss, which makes him depressed.
他的才干不为老板赏识，这使得他很沮丧
I appreciate your help very much and what you have done means something to me.
非常感谢你的帮助， 你所做的对我来说意义非凡
I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.
我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事
We would appreciate you letting us know of any problem.
有任何问题请告诉我们，我们将不胜感激
I'd appreciate it if I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑的话，我将不胜感激
We didn't fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.
我们没有充分意识到他病得很严重
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 我用了很长时间才完全理解父母为我所做的一切
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
非常感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这件礼物
I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.
我向所有人表示诚挚的感谢!
【高考链接】
Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China. (北京课改卷)
A. enjoyment B. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I really appreciate ______ (have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
We appreciate your (help) us. (helping)
I would appreciate ___ if you would send me the postcard as soon as possible. (it)
Our house (appreciate) by 50% in the last two years. (has appreciated)
7. tend vt & vi照料; 护理; 倾向; 趋向
【原句再现】
While we are living, we tend to get distracted by unimportant things, such as gathering material possessions. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
tendency n. 趋势; 倾向
tend to/toward(s) sth. 倾向于; 有…的趋势
tend to do sth. 易于做某事;往往会做某事
tend (to) the sick 护理病人
display artistic tendencies 显示出对艺术的偏好
criminal tendencies 有犯罪倾向
【精品例句】
The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends toward light music.
我所听的音乐形形色色，不过 一般都是轻音乐
I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
在读或听的时候，我往往会在头脑中形成图像
I would like to tend the store for you while you're away.你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。
a tendency towards/to regional cooperation地区性合作的趋势
He has a tendency to forget things.他好忘事。
【高考链接】
The Swiss tend ____ (be) formal and address each other by last name. (浙江) (to be)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
There is a tendency _____ regional cooperation. (towards/to)
8. establish vt. 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足
【原句再现】
It’s up to us to find out what is important in our lives and establish our own values. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
established adj. 确立的；确定的
establishment n. 建立；设立；确立
an education establishment 一个教育机构
establish contact/a relationship with…与…建立联系、关系
establish sb./sth. as…把….确立为….
【精品例句】
The company was established in 1980. 这家公司成立于1980年
By then she was established as a famous star. 那时她的明星地位已得到确立
This unit is an established part of the course. 这个单元是本课程既定的一部分
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college. 发言人宣布了新学院的成立
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
至二十世纪二十年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟
【高考链接】
By 1909, Picasso had established himself _____ a painter of great talent in Paris . (陕西卷)
(as)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This novel established the reputation he still enjoys today _______ one of America’s greatest writers. (as)
9. recommend vt. 推荐; 介绍; 建议
【原句再现】
I’d still recommend that people read it—after all, it is something that’s a bit different. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
recommendation n.推荐;介绍
follow sb's recommendations听从某人的劝告
a letter of recommendation推荐信
recommend sb/sth to sb. 把某人某物推荐给某人
recommend (that)主语+(should) do sth= advise (that) 主语+(should) do sth.
= suggest(建议) (that) 主语+should do sth.
recommend sb. to do sth.= advise sb. to do sth.
recommend (sb) doing sth. = advise (sb) doing sth. 建议某事/某人…
【精品例句】
I don't know what to read. Can you recommend anything
我不知道该读些什么，你能推荐点什么吗 (上海卷)
This hotel is highly recommended.强烈推荐这家酒店。
She was recommended for the post by a colleague
一位同事推荐她担任这个职位
It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked e very year.
强烈建议将这些机器每年检查一次
The doctor recommended me to take a long rest.医生劝我长期休养
I recommend (you) meeting him first.我建议(你) 先见见他，
【高考链接】
Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam _______ at the age of six months old. (浙江卷)
A. was B. be C. were D. is ( B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I recommend this book _____ anyone with an interest in art. ( to)
We all strongly recommended that the meeting ___ (hold) at once. (be held)
My teacher suggested ___ (go) to school. (going)
10. reflection n. 反映；映像；反射；深思
【原句再现】
Morrie’s reflections on love and friendship made me think about my life and all the good friends that I’ve lost touch with along the way. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
the reflection of the trees in the lake湖面上树的倒影
the reflection of a sound wave声波的反射
reflective adj. 反射的，反映的；沉思的；深思的；(指物体表面)反光的
reflect vt. 反映；反射(声、光、热等)；显示；表达　vi. 深思
reflect on/upon sth. 认真思考……
【精品例句】
Her face was reflected in the mirror: 镜子中映出她的脸
Mid-Autumn celebrations reflect Chinese cultural traditions.
中秋节庆祝活动反映了中国的文化 传统
On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.
在回家的路上，他想这次面试进行得很顺利
On some level, a student’s grades are a reflection on the teacher.
在某种程度上，学生的成绩是老师水平的反映
Her facial expression reflected how she really felt.
她的面部表情反映出了她的真实感受
Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community.
我们的报纸力求表达当地人民的心声
Before I decide, I need time to reflect.
在作出决定以前，我需要时间认真考虑
The manager needed more time to reflect on/upon what to do.
经理需要更多的时间来思考做什么
【高考链接】
1. Without the forest cover, these areas would _____more heat into t he atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. (安徽卷) (reflect)
2. The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end , all the young people in our group began to reflect ___ what it had meant. (浙江卷) ( on/upon )
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
1. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats，the friends with whom he spends his time and his house _____ his personality. (湖北卷)
resembles B. strengthens C. reflects D. shapes ( C )
2. Usually a child's behavior is a ______ of his family environment. (山西卷)
A. recognition B. reflection C. return D. record ( B )
11. adapt vt&vi. 使适应，使适合；改编，改写
【原句再现】
Maeterlinck wrote many plays, but The Blue Bird was the most popular and has been widely translated and adapted all over the world. (教材P20)
【词块积累】
adaptation n. 适应；改编，改编的作品
adapt sth. from sth.根据……改编……
be adapted from ….由…改编而来
adapt to…适合，适应
adapt oneself to sth./doing sth.…. 使自己适应
adapt...to... 使……适应……
adapt...for/into... 将……改编为……
adaptable adj. 能适应的；可修改的
【精品例句】
I had difficulty adapting myself to life in the city. 我难以适应城市生活
All animals have to adapt to their environment. 所有动物必须适应环境
This new film is said to be adapted from a novel by Jane Austen.
这部新电影是根据简.奥斯汀的一部小说改编的
Three of the novels have been adapted for television.
他有三部小说已被改编成了电视剧
【高考链接】
The good thing about children is that they____ very easily to new environment.（浙江卷）
A. adapt B. appeal C. attach D. apply (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He can’t adapt himself to ______ (do) this kind of work. (doing)
12. compose vt.&vi. 组成；作曲；撰写
【原句再现】
The Blue Bird is a typical full-length play, which means it has several acts and each act is composed of several scenes. (教材P22)
【词块积累】
be composed of…＝ be made up of…＝consist of…= be comprised of…由……组成
composer n. 作曲家
composition n.作品；作曲；作文
【精品例句】
Ten men compose the committee.
委员会由十人组成。
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.
莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。
She composed a letter of protest.
她写了一封抗议信。
【高考链接】
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German ____ (compose) and pianist. (福建卷)(composer)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The sea water is mainly composed _____ water and salt. (of)
The teacher singled out one ______ (compose) for class discussion. (composition)
13. possession n．财产；财物
【原句再现】
While we are living，we tend to get distracted by unimportant things，such as gathering material possessions. (教材P15)
【词块积累】
be possessed of… 具有(某种品质、能力等)
possession n. 拥有，占有；(pl.)个人财产，私人物品
in possession of …. 拥有……(主语是人)
in the possession of…. (某物)为……所有
take/have possession of…. 拥有……；占有……
【精品例句】
The ring is one of her most treasured possessions.
这枚戒指是她最珍贵的财产之一。
They are all my personal possessions.
这些都是我的私有财产。
People had lost their homes and all their possessions.
人们失去了自己的家园和所有的财物。
【高考链接】
We need to repair our ______ (possession)instead of throwing them away. (福建卷)(possessions)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Although he doesn't have much money，he is___________ (possess)of good health. (possessed)
The oil painting is ______ the possession of a private collector. (in)
14. warn vt. 警告，告诫，提醒
【原句再现】
Warning! A box of tissues will be needed to get through this book! (教材P15)
【词块积累】
warning n．警告，警示，告诫
warn (sb.) about/of sth. 提醒某人某事
warn (sb.) against sth/doing sth. 提醒某人防止某事
warn sb. o do sth. 告诫/提醒某人做某事
warn sb. + that/wh- 从句 警告/告诫某人某事
give sb.a warning 向(某人)发出警告
without (any) warning 没有(任何)先兆
【精品例句】
She warned us about/of the serious situation. 她提醒我们要注意严峻的形势
He warned us against pickpockets. 他提醒我们要提防扒手
We warned them not to skate on such thin ice.
我们警告过他们，不要在那么薄的冰上滑冰
She was warned that if she was late for work again, she would lose her job.
她被警告过，如果再上班迟到就会被解雇
There is a warning on the cigarette packet that says “Smoking does harm to your health”．
在烟盒上有一个警示“吸烟有害健康”
An earthquake comes like a thief in the night，without warning.
地震像黑夜里的贼，毫无警告，突然来临
【高考链接】
My father warned me _____ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. (天津卷)
A. by B. on C. for D. against (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He warned me not to leave without permission，but I didn't accept his ____ (warn). (warning)
●本单元其它重要词组
15. live life to the full 充实地享受生活；把生命活到尽头；努力生活；过着充实的生活
Like Mitch, Morrie Makes you aware that you want to die feeling that you have lived life to the full, knowing that you are loved and have lived others as much as you could. (教材)
He lived life to the full and was always happy.
16. burst out laughing 突然大笑起来
All the other HAPPINESSES burst out laughing. (教材)
She looked at him and burst out laughing.
17. no more… than 和….一样不
THE HAPPINESS He doesn’t know: well, what do you expect He is no more than absurd than the majority of then. (教材)
He’s no more fit to be a teacher than I am!
●句型点拨
1. as if/though引导表语或状语从句
【原句再现】
Reading this book made me feel as if I'd been woken up from a long sleep and finally opened my eyes to the world! (教材P15)
句式分析：本句中的as if 跟在系动词feel 的后面引导表语从句。由于该表语从句表示的并非事实，所以用了虚拟语气。
【能力拓展】
※as if/though意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句和状语从句。在be，look，seem，sound，smell，feel等系动词之后的as if/though 引导的是表语从句。
※当as if/though引导的上述从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气。
※as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句主语和主句主语一致，且其中又含有be动词的某种形式，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【精品例句】
It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.
看起来好像除了我之外，所有人都交了朋友而且很快乐。
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had done it
打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说的好像是我打破的似的？
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
I felt as if I had made a mistake.
我觉得自己似乎犯了个错误。
The little girl dressed as if she were a fairy.
这个小女孩打扮得像个仙女一样。
【高考链接】
The boy is running impatiently here and there as if________ (search)for something lost on the sports ground. (陕西卷) (searching)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The woman loves the children deeply as if they _______ (be) her own. (were)
2. “do/does/did ＋ 动词原形” 强调谓语动词，意为 “的确；确实”
【原句再现】
But thinking back，it did teach me a lesson or two. (教材P15)
句式分析：本句中的did 是对teach 的强调，意思是：的确教给了我……
【能力拓展】
※“did＋动词原形”强调过去的动作；
※“does＋动词原形”强调现在的动作；
※“do＋动词原形”强调现在的动作。
注意：对谓语动词的强调须符合以下两个条件：
※句子是肯定句；
※句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。
若强调主语/宾语/表语/状语等则应用强调句型：It is/was ＋被强调的部分＋that/who...。
【精品例句】
She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.
她的确刚到达了车站就看到了火车。
Some experts say with more practice，small talk does get easier.
一些专家说多练习，闲聊就会确实变得更加容易。
She does help her mother with some housework every day.
她确实每天帮她妈妈做一些家务。
【高考链接】
If you have a job，do _________ (devote) yourself to it and finally you will succeed. (陕西卷) (devote)
【考点训练】
She ______ (do) tell me about her address but I forgot all about it. (did)
It was not until he saw his mother that the boy burst into laughter. (that)
●被动语态（详见语法课件）
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