高中英语 选择性必修三(人教2019版)
第二单元 用单词的适当形式完成句子 专项练习50题
1.It is difficult to __________(breath)at these altitudes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2.Food webs may________ (dominate) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3.This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. (用适当的词填空)
4.She used to be pessimistic ________ her life,but now she has changed. (用适当的词填空)
5.Coming out of this experience, I realize it is OK ________(be) different from others…(所给词的适当形式填空)
6._________(absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice night approaching. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7.My parents had trouble adjusting to ________(live)in an apartment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8.They decided not to mention what had just happened in an attempt ________ (avoid) embarrassment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9.I’m sorry ________(disturb) you so late, but my car’s broken down and I don’t have my phone with me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ________ (not make) it more difficult. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11.How ________ (facilitate) the cooperation between the two cities is still a problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12.The number of smokers, _________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (用适当的词填空)
13.What will the new actor do in________(respond) to the funny news (所给词的适当形式填空)
14.Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point (临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them _________ (return). (所给词的适当形式填空)
15.The seats are__________; that is to say, you can__________ them to a certain angle or height. The __________is not difficult to make. (adjust) (所给词的适当形式填空)
16.Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach how ________ (read ) fast. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17.Above all, I have come to understand that ________ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18.________ (reach) a goal you have set, you have to show some discipline and take small steps every day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19.It is necessary___________(examine)how the proposals can be carried out. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20.It is wrong for you ________(skip) breakfast. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21.Tom delayed his composition, for the first sentence was so hard ________(compose). (所给词的适当形式填空)
22.It is difficult ________ (figure) out a global population of polar bears…(所给词的适当形式填空)
23.They asked him to give a speech, but he made no ________(respond).(用适当的词填空)
24.The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise ________ (skip) eating first. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25.Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, __________ is quite unexpected. (用适当的词填空)
26.He had been a ________(dominate) figure in her life. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.It is difficult ________(understand) why she barks every minute. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28.Neither his parents nor he_________(know) anything about it now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
29. _________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30.In this situation,you must manage to inform him straight ________.(用适当的词填空)
31.Mary could do nothing but ________ (rely) on other people to solve the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
32.It took us half an hour ________(arrive) there by plane. (所给词的适当形式填空)
33.Get ready. You will be the next one ________ (examine) by the doctor. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34.________ (facilitate) cooperative learning, the school advises students work in groups and assigns a tutor to each group. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35.________ (abuse) children is a common phenomenon in some countries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36.It is easy for me ________(learn)how to drive.(所给词的适当形式填空)
37.Five doctors and ten nurses, ________(compose) the rescue team, were sent to the earthquake-hit area this morning. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38.A healthy lifestyle is in fact a ________ (combine) of good eating habits and regular exercise. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39._________ (bring) together Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, rather than in competition is where the potential for great effects lies.(所给词的适当形式填空)
40.Either you or one of your students___________(be) to attend the meeting tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41.Apparently, it is not right ________(skip)class. You’d better not do that. (所给词的适当形式填空)
42.What do you intend________(do) when you graduate (所给词的适当形式填空)
43.Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went________ all. (用适当的词填空)
44.It took the doctor about half an hour ________(examine) the eyes of the baby. (所给词的适当形式填空)
45.It bothers me________(think)of her alone in that big house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
46.The boy has been making the same mistakes ________(repeat), which is almost driving me mad. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47.It is a precious opportunity ________(enhance) the reputation of the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48.Water________(compose)of hydrogen and oxygen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is ______ (gather) a group of the most talented individuals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50.It is no use ________(argue) with him,for he is so stubborn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
参考答案:
1.breathe
【详解】考查动词。句意:在这些高海拔的地方呼吸困难。此处it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语,动词breathe意为“呼吸”符合句意。故填breathe。
2.be dominated
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:食物网可能被许多薄弱环节所主导,因为这种安排在长期内更稳定。分析句子可知,空格处是主句谓语动词,根据句意和空格后介词by可知,此处用被动语态,又因空格前有情态动词may,所以谓语动词用原形。故填be dominated。
3.what
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:这就是我父亲教给我的——总是面对困难,抱着最好的希望。在表语从句中缺少taught的宾语,根据“to always face difficulties and hope for the best”可知,此处是指道理,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
4.about
【详解】考查介词。句意:她以前对自己的生活很悲观,但是现在她已经改变了。be pessimistic about表示“对……悲观”,所以应填about。故填about。
5.to be
【详解】考查不定式。句意:从这次经历中,我意识到与众不同是可以的……。it是形式主语,此处是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。故填to be。
6.Absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:约翰全神贯注于绘画,并没有注意到夜幕降临。句子谓语动词是didn’t notice,且无连词,可知空格处填入非谓语动词;主语John和absorb之间是被动关系,用过去分词作状语符合题意,放在句首,首字母大写。故填Absorbed。
7.living
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我父母很难适应住在公寓里。动词短语adjust to doing sth,意为“适应做……”,为固定搭配,to后接动名词,作宾语。故填living。
8.to avoid
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们决定不提刚才发生的事,以免难堪。分析可知,空处为非谓语动词,在句中作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。故填to avoid。
9.to disturb
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:很抱歉这么晚才打搅你,我的车坏了,手机也没带。be sorry to do sth. (对做某事感到抱歉),disturb用动词不定式形式。故填to disturb。
10.not to make
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:新技术的目的是使生活更容易,而不是使生活更困难。根据句意和句中“to make life easier”可知,设空处应用不定式作表语,根据句意可知,应用不定式的否定形式“not to do”,“make”意为“使”,动词词性。故填not to make。
11.to facilitate
【详解】考查特殊疑问词+动词不定式结构。句意:如何促进这两个城市之间的合作仍然是一个问题。分析句子可知,句中“How_____ the cooperation between the two cities”为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构,在句中作主语,“facilitate”意为“促进”,动词词性,故空格处应填“to facilitate”。故填to facilitate。
12.as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:据报道,吸烟者的数量在短短一年内就下降了17%。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句,引导词在从句中作主语,意为“正如”,应用关系代词as引导。故填as。
13.response
【详解】考查名词。句意:新来的演员对这个有趣的消息会作何反应?空处作宾语,表示“对……有反应”短语为in response to。故填response。
14.to return
【详解】考查不定式作主语。句意:科学家们说,预防是关键,因为生态系统一旦超过了它们的临界点,恢复就相当困难。it做形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填to return。
15. adjustable adjust adjustment
【详解】考查形容词、动词原形和名词。句意:座椅可调节;也就是说,你可以将它们调整到某个角度或高度。调整并不困难。第一空用形容词adjustable作表语;情态动词can后接动词原形,第二空adjust用动词原形形式;第三空用不可数名词adjustment作主语。故填①adjustable ②adjust ③adjustment。
16.to read
【详解】考查特殊疑问词加不定式作宾语。句意:20名学生想参加这个旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。依据空前的动词teach及结合句意可知此处为特殊疑问词+to do做宾语的结构。故填to read。
17.bringing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最重要的是,我开始明白,给别人带来幸福就是让自己幸福。分析可知,空处为动名词作主语,表示一种经验、习惯,和表语getting表达一致。故填bringing。
18.To reach
【详解】考查不定式。句意:为了达到你设定的目标,你必须表现出一些自律,每天都要迈出一小步。分析句子可知,设空处应填不定式作目的状语,故填To reach。
19.to examine
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有必要考查如何实施这些建议。分析句子,本句使用了固定句式:It+ is/was + 形容词 + to do,it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式短语,所以空白处应填不定式to examine。故填to examine。
20.to skip
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你不吃早餐是不对的。此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.,不定式作真正主语。故填to skip。
21.to compose
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:汤姆推迟了交作文,因为第一句话太难写了。sth. be adj. +to do,compose用动词不定式,主动表被动。故填to compose。
22.to figure
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:很难计算出全球北极熊的数量……。分析句子结构可知此处为it作形式主语,不定式作真正主语的结构。故填to figure。
23.response
【详解】考查名词。句意:他们请他发表演讲,但他没有回答。空处作宾语,表示“不回答”短语为make no response。故填response。
24.to skip
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些结果表明,要想从运动中获得最大的健康益处,最好先不吃东西。分析句子结构可知此处为it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语的结构。故填to skip。
25.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:到现在为止,我们已经为贫穷的孩子募捐到五万英镑了,这一点十分出乎意料。分析可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代前面主句的内容,并在从句中做主语,所以用which引导。故填which。
26.dominant
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他一直是她生活中举足轻重的人物。根据空前的a和空后的名词figure可知,空处用形容词作定语,修饰名词。dominant意为“支配的”,符合题意。故填dominant。
27.to understand
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:很难理解为什么她每分钟都要叫。此处为it is+adj.+to do句型,it为形式主语,to do为真正的主语,故填to understand。
28.knows
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他的父母和他现在都不知道这件事。结合now可知,用一般现在时,neither...nor...采取就近原则,即此处谓语动词know的数要与nor后的he保持一致,谓语单数形式。故填knows。
29.Basing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:把一个重要的决定更多地建立在感情上而不是理智上,你迟早会后悔的。分析可知,句中谓语是“will regret”,空格处用非谓语动词,you和base之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,作状语,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Basing。
30.away
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:在这种情况下,你必须马上通知他。straight away表示“立刻,马上”,所以空格处应填away。故填away。
31.rely
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:玛丽只能依靠别人来解决这个问题。此处为短语could do nothing but do sth.,表示“只能做某事”。故填rely。
32.to arrive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们乘飞机花了半个小时到达那里。此处为it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故填to arrive。
33.to be examined
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动形式。句意:做好准备。你将是下一个接受医生检查的人。分析句子可知, (examine) by the doctor.是定语修饰one。由will可知,examine这个动作还未实现,因此用动词不定式作定语。又因one与examine之间是被动关系,因此要用动词不定式的被动形式to be done。故填to be examined。
34.To facilitate
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了促进合作学习,学校建议学生分组学习,并为每个小组指派一名导师。根据句意及分析句子结构可知,句子已有并列谓语动词advises and assigns,所以设空处应用非谓语动词即不定式作目的状语,且设空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填To facilitate。
35.Abusing
【详解】考查动名词。句意:在一些国家,虐待儿童是一种普遍现象。分析句式结构可知,此处应用所给词的动名词形式作主语。故填Abusing。
36.to learn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:学开车对我来说很简单。分析句子可知,此处考查固定句型It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.,意为“做某事对某人来说是……”,此句型中的It是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,故此处应填动词不定式,即to do结构。故填to learn。
37.composing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:今天上午,组成救援队的五名医生和十名护士被派往地震灾区。本句已有谓语were sent to且无连词,动词compose用非谓语形式,逻辑主语Five doctors and ten nurses与动词compose是主谓关系,compose用现在分词(doing)表主动,作后置定语。故填composing。
38.combination
【详解】考查名词。句意:健康的生活方式实际上是良好的饮食习惯和定期锻炼的结合。分析句子结构及句前冠词a可知,设空处应填可数名词单数作表语,故填combination。
39.Bringing##To bring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:西医和中医结合,而不是相互竞争,才是发挥巨大作用的潜力所在。分析句子结构可知,设空处应填非谓语动词做主语,可用to do和doing形式。故填Bringing或To bring。
40.is
【详解】考查就近原则。句意:要么你或者你的一个学生要去参加明天的会议。either...or连接2个并列主语时,谓语动词和较近的主语保持一致,本句be和one of your students中的one保持一致,所以用单数形式。故填is。
41.to skip
【详解】考查不定式。句意:显然,逃课是不对的。你最好不要那样做。此处为it作形式主语,不定式作真正主语的结构。故填to skip。
42.to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你毕业以后打算干什么?由句意以及动词intend(打算,计划)可知此处应填入动词不定式to do作宾语,固定搭配“intend to do sth”表示“打算/计划做……”,故填to do。
43.after
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:鲍勃以为他不能去参加晚会,因为他要写一份报告,但他毕竟还是去了。固定短语:after all“毕竟,终究”。故答案为after。
44.to examine
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:医生花了大约半个小时检查婴儿的眼睛。It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth. (花费某人多少时间干某事),examine用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to examine。
45.to think
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一想到她独自一人在那所大房子里,我就心烦意乱。分析句子结构,it作形式主语,此处用不定式短语to think作真正主语,故填to think。
46.repeatedly
【详解】考查副词。句意:这个男孩一直重复犯同样的错误,这几乎使我发疯了。修饰动词短语making the same mistakes要用副词。故填repeatedly。
47.to enhance
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是提高公司声誉的宝贵机会。所给词enhance,动词,意为“增强,提高,改善”。此题考查an opportunity to do sth,意为“做某事的机会”,动词不定式作后置定语。故填to enhance。
48.is composed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:水是由氢气和氧气组成的。短语:be composed of意为“由……组成”,句子主语为water,为单数形式,本句讲述的为客观事实,所以时态用一般现在时,be用 is;故填is composed。
49.to gather
【详解】考查不定式。句意:大多数人认为组建一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。根据句子分析及句意可知,设空处位于be动词后,其主语为the best way,设空处非谓语动词用来说明主语的具体内容,在句中作表语,故用其不定式形式。故填to gather。
50.arguing
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:跟他争论没有用,因为他很固执。It is no use doing sth.为固定搭配,表示“做什么事情没有用”。故填arguing。