外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit3The world meets China 词汇精讲课堂课件(共34张PPT)

(共34张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
教材版本：新外研 册别单元：选择性必修四 Unit 3
重难点词
精讲
peak
一词多义
分词形容词
使役动词
后缀 -en
一词多义
熟词生义
隐喻
习语
cover & coverage
词根、词缀
tune
enormous
熟词生义
搭配义
搭配义
PEAK（匹克）运动品牌于1989年，在中国福建创立。在中国，匹克不仅是首个进入NBA赛场的中国体育品牌，更与NBA结成官方市场合作伙伴关系，已经成为中国当之无愧的篮球第一品牌。
匹克，由英文 PEAK 音译而来，寓意着不断攀越高峰的自我挑战精神！匹克三角形图形标志代表着山峰，象征着匹克不断攀越高峰的自我挑战和创造未来。以“更快、更高、更强”的奥林匹克精神，塑造出体育运动品牌崇高的形象。
词源解读：peak 的词源义和基本义是“尖”。
peak n [C]
尖形；尖头：
the peaks of a roof
山峰；山顶：
a mountain peak
［常用单数］高峰；顶峰 (height)：
at the peak of sb’s career
By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak.
Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the mornings.
peak
山峰的“尖”
物体的“尖”
抽象事物的“尖”
peak
adj 最高的；高峰的：
peak hours
a peak season
vi 达到最高点；达到高峰：
Wind speeds peaked at 105 miles per hour yesterday.
peak 语义网络图
物体的“尖”
山峰的“尖”
抽象事物的“尖”
尖形；尖头
山峰；山顶
高峰；顶峰
尖
（基本义）
peak
cover & coverage
覆盖；遮盖 to place sth over or in front of sth：
Low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. 2019 全国
I covered my face with my hands.
In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. 2012 全国
涵盖；包括；涉及；处理 to include or deal with sth：
Does the fee cover the charge for visiting the place
Journalism is a course for seniors, in which we will cover how to gather, write, and report the news.
We need some time to cover so many things.
cover sth with sth
cover vi
cover 基本义是“覆盖”
走完（一段路程）；占地：
Since he first started offering rides to the young
people, Wilson has covered 64,000 miles. 2019 北京
They went through a wheat-growing province and
saw farms that covered thousands of acres.
采访；报道 to report the details of an event：
A journalist was sent to cover the conference.
足以支付；够付 to provide enough money for sth：
To cover the cost of hiring a bus, each student will have to pay $10 each time. 2010 福建
覆盖范围：
Immunization coverage against fatal diseases
has increased to 99% in some countries.
（书、节目、课程等的）内容范围；信息范围：
magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics
新闻报道：
Now a special TV network gives live coverage of most race.
保险范围：
insurance coverage
coverage n [U]
(cover + -age)
覆盖 cover （基本义）
用某物覆盖某物
覆盖；遮盖
覆盖多个抽象事物
覆盖距离或空间
覆盖新闻事件
覆盖费用、花销
涵盖；包括；
涉及；处理
走完（一段路程）；占地
采访；报道
足以支付；
够付
cover & coverage 语义网络图
覆盖范围
（书、节目、课程等的）内容范围；信息范围
保险范围
新闻报道
coverage
tune
■ n
[C] 调子；曲调；旋律：
When I’m playing a sad tune, I am crying in my heart.
[U] 和谐
in tune 合调；协调：
sing in tune
be in tune with the times
out of tune 走调；不协调：
I have no ear for music. My singing is out of tune.
be out of tune with the times
■ vi 为（音乐）调音；调（收音机，电视频道）
tune in 收听；收看：
tune in to a radio station
enormous
adj 巨大的；庞大的 extremely large (huge)：
an enormous amount of time / money
He knows so much about the subject. His knowledge is enormous.
enormously adv 非常；极其
e- (= ex-, out ) 出、向外 + -norm- (normal) 正规 、常规 + -ous → 超出常规的 → 巨大的
使役动词后缀 -en
使役动词后缀 -en 可加在形容词和名词后构成动词，意为“使成为……；使变得……”。
将所给名词或形容词加上后缀 -en，变为动词，并写出其汉语释义。
1. strength __________ __________ 2. length __________ __________
3. straight __________ __________ 4. sharp __________ __________
5. weak __________ __________ 6. less __________ __________
7. broad __________ __________ 8. short __________ __________
加强 / 增强
（使）变长
（使）变直
（使）变得锋利
（使）衰弱
（使）减少
（使）变宽
strengthen
lengthen
straighten
sharpen
weaken
lessen
broaden
shorten
（使）变短 / 缩短
用括号内单词的正确形式填空，体会分词形容词。
1. 密封的信封 a _________ (seal) envelope
2. 冉冉升起的太阳 the _________ (rise) sun
3. 比萨斜塔 the _________ (lean) Tower of Pisa
4. 已故的朋友 the _________ (depart) friend
5. 引爆的炸弹 the _________ (explode) bomb
6. 虚线 the _________ (dot) line
7. 坍塌的建筑物 _________ (collapse) buildings
8. 合格的老师 a _________ (qualify) teacher
很多动词的 -ed 形式和 -ing 形式已经成为独立词条，称作分词形容词。
其中有一类分词形容词，
如动词的 _________ 形式表示动作已完成；
动词的 _________ 形式表示动作正在进行。
sealed
rising
Leaning
departed
exploded
dotted
collapsed
qualified
-ed
-ing
用括号内单词的正确形式填空，体会分词形容词。
1. This is by far the most _____________ (inspire) movie that I have ever seen.（2013 辽宁）
2. It’s more _____________ (stimulate) for performers to have an audience to play with.
3. There’s no reason to be ________________ (disappoint). As a matter of fact, this could be rather _________ (amuse).（2014 浙江）
4. To generate new money, the sport needs to be more ___________ (entertain).
5. For parents, it is an easy way of keeping their children _________________ (entertain), or simply out of harm’s way.
有一类分词形容词，如动词的 _________ 形式可用来表示人的感受；动词的 _________ 形式则可用来表示人 / 物给人带来的感受。
inspiring
stimulating
disappointed
amusing
entertaining
-ing
-ed
entertained
用括号内单词的正确形式填空，体会分词形容词。
1. The rise of the _________ (share) economy presents a new
challenge to corporate managers.
2. In recent years, _________ (share) bikes can be seen everywhere in China.
3. Other things being equal, my _________ (prefer) major is English.
4. Many people don’t realise that they are breathing _________ (pollute) air.
5. The shop, though small, has a variety of _________ (import) goods.
有一类分词形容词，如动词的 _________ 形式可用来表示主动关系；
动词的 _________ 形式则可用来表示被动关系。
sharing
shared
preferred
polluted
imported
-ing
-ed
根据所给提示，写出下列句子中画线单词或其词根词缀的汉语释义。
词根词缀
1. I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or quit his job.（2012 浙江）
department: de- (from, apart 离) + part (to part 分开) + -ment（名词后缀）→ 彼此 ______ 的部分 → ______
2. Things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey.（2016 江苏）
participation: part- (a part 一部分) + cip (to take 承担) + -tion（名词后缀）→ ______ 其中的一部分 → ______
分开
部门
承担
参与
3. At this stage we can’t really anticipate what will happen.
anticipate: anti- (= ante-: before 先于，在……前) + cip (to take / hold 抓住) + -ate (动词后缀) → ______ 抓住 → ______________
4. China exports tea and cotton to many foreign countries.
export: ex- (away, out 离开、去别处、出去) + port (to carry 运输) → 向外面 ______ 商品 → ______
5. Many countries import wool from Australia.
import: im- (into 向里) + port (to carry 运输) → 向里面 ______ 商品 → ______
提前
预期 / 预料
运输
出口
运输
进口
6. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.（2014 浙江）
predict: pre- (before 先于，在……前) + dict (to say 说) → 预先 ______ → ____________
7. We need to cooperate with each other to win the game.
cooperate: co- (with 与……一起、共同) + opera (to work 工作) + -ate（动词后缀）→ 与别人 ____________ → 合作
英语单词构词法的核心部分在于词根，词根决定单词的意思。词根可以单独构成单词，也可以通过添加前缀或后缀构成新词。
说
预言 / 预测
共同工作
英语习语
英语中有很多习语 (idioms)，是人们经过长时间的使用提炼出来的含有特殊意义的固定词语组合，其真正的意义和字面意义往往相差甚远，不好理解和记忆。学习时，可以借助习语背后的词源故事或文化内涵来理解和学习，加深对它们的认知深度。
英语习语
a stone’s throw
想把一块石头扔到远处不是件易事，因此，英语表达“a stone’s throw”用来比喻两个地点之间非常近，类似于汉语成语“一步之遥”“一箭之地”等。人们常用这个说法来描述相隔咫尺却无法用准确的数字形容的距离。
● The bookstore is within a stone’s throw of the school.
● The park is a stone’s throw from my house.
strike a chord
● The professor’s comments on the meaning of good life seemed to strike a chord with the students.
strike：击打；敲
chord：和弦
strike a chord 往往不是字面的意思“敲击和弦”，而是引申为“引起共鸣”，得到更多人的同情和理解。
take a leaf out of somebody’s book
leaf：（书的）一页
take a leaf out of somebody’s book 直译是“从人家的书里摘取一页”。这句成语本来是指学生抄袭同学笔记或作业、稿匠剽窃他人著作等不诚实行为，现在一般用于形容“模仿别人”。
● Why don’t you take a leaf out of David’s book and keep you room tidy as well
change one’s tune
change one’s tune 中 tune 意为“曲调”，所以 change one’s tune 的字面意思是“改换曲调”，后来引申为“改变主意或决定”“变卦”。
● You might have to change your tune in the face of industry changes.
英语中的metaphor（隐喻）来源于希腊语 metaphora，该词由 meta- (over) 和 pherein (to carry) 合成，合起来意思是 to carry over（拿过来）。因此，隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物，并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式，无处不在，它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。
隐喻 metaphor
选择性必修B4U1 —— 选择性必修B4U3典型词
单词 基本义 比喻义
shift (选必 B4U1) （使）转移 （使）改变
pure (选必 B4U2) 纯的 纯洁的；纯净的
gateway (选必 B4U3) 门口 途径
peak (选必 B4U3) 尖 山顶；高峰
crossroads (选必 B4U3) 十字路口 关键时期 / 转折点；
活动中心 / 汇集地
随堂检测
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The mountain peak was covered with snow. ___________
2. The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century. ___________
3. The athletes are all in peak condition. ___________
4. Hotel prices rise during the peak season. ___________
5. Oil production peaked in the early 1980s. ___________
山峰
处于全盛时期
处于巅峰状态
peak
旺季
达到了最高峰
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The waitress covered the table __________ a cloth.
2. The most attractive point of GPS is its 100% __________ (cover)
on the planet.
二、根据句意，用一个单词替换下列各句中的cover。
1. He laughed to cover his nervousness. __________
2. They walked for a long time and covered almost 20 miles.
__________
3. The course covers all aspects of business and law. __________
with
hide
travelled
includes
coverage
cover & coverage
三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. There’s little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.
__________
2. This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage. __________
3. This website provides good coverage of the subject. __________
4. More satellites are needed to provide telephone coverage in remote areas. __________
新闻报道
保险范围
信息范围
覆盖范围
tune
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It was just an ordinary voice, but he sang in tune. __________
2. The theme tune from the movie Titanic is My Heart Will Go On.
__________
3. The woman’s theories were out of tune with the scientific thinking of the time. __________
4. Wait until it happens to him — he’ll soon change his tune.
__________
5. People get their information by tuning in to foreign radio stations.
__________
合调
主题曲
不一致
改变主意
收听
enormous
一、选出能替换画线部分的单词。
Broadway district with its cafés, street performers and enormous and colourful signs really captures New York’s loud spirit! (various / huge)
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. The project generated __________________（浓厚的兴趣）.
2. He was always generous in sharing his _______________________（渊博的知识）.
3. ____________________________（大量的时间）has been spent on these problems.
enormous interest
An enormous amount of time
enormous knowledge
√
谢
谢
观
赏