Unit3 阅读技能突破
时文领读
主题：人与社会——物质与非物质文化遗产
语篇类型：议论文
词数：305
难度：中
阅读用时：8分钟。
背景导入：从一百多年前开始，中国大量的珍贵文物流失海外，且多为精品上乘之物。据悉，全世界有40多个国家藏有中国文物100多万件。这些文物有些是外国侵略者直接夺走的，有些是走私出去的，还有一些是国家赠送的。如何让流落在海外的文物回国？这件事很复杂，却是我们的最终目标。因为它们属于中国这片土地，在这里才能完整地体现它们的文化价值。
阅读技巧：训练学生的理解归纳能力、长难句分析能力和利用上下文猜测词义的能力。
原文：
More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas, most of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949. About 1.67 million pieces are housed in more than 200 museums in 47 countries, which account for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics, and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States, Japan, European and Southeast Asian countries. There are more than 23,000 pieces in the British Museum, most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back. In some cases, private collectors donated the relics to the government. Also the government can turn to official channels to demand the return of relics.
In 2003, a priceless bronze pig’s head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Force over 140 years ago. Entrepreneur Stanley Ho donated over 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying-back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures, limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years, the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas. It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database collecting relevant information. It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter, and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organisations.
①treasure n.珍宝
②channel n.渠道
③bronze adj.青铜制的
④the Anglo-French Allied Force英法联军
⑤entrepreneur n.企业家
⑥precious adj.珍贵的
⑦database n.数据库
知识点击
most of which引导非限制性定语从句
house vt.存放；收藏(熟词生义)
which引导非限制性定语从句
account for占(一定数量或比例)
in the hands of sb在某人手上
most of which引导非限制性定语从句
donate sth to...将某物捐赠给…
turn to...向…求助
dating from...为现在分词短语作后置定语
to buy it back...为不定式短语作目的状语
Although引导让步状语从句
lost overseas为过去分词短语作后置定语
collecting relevant information为现在分词短语作后置定语
sign agreements with...与…签署协议
【译文】
1，000多万件中国文物流失海外，其中大多数是在1949年以前的战争时期被盗或被非法运离中国的。约167万件文物被收藏在47个国家的200多家博物馆内，占到所有丢失的中国文物的10%，其余的都在私人收藏家手中。
这些珍宝大多数归美国、日本、欧洲和东南亚国家的博物馆或私人收藏家所有。大英博物馆内藏有23，000多件中国文物，其中大多是100多年前偷盗而来或花几便士买来的。
让这些国宝回归的主要方式是将它们买回来。在某些情况下，私人收藏家把文物捐献给了政府。政府也可以通过求助官方渠道要求其返还文物。
2003年，140多年前被英法联军搬走的一尊价值连城的青铜猪首回到了它在北京的家，其历史可追溯至清朝。企业家何鸿桑捐出600多万元从一位美国艺术收藏家手中购回了它，并将其捐赠给了位于北京的保利艺术博物馆。
尽管买回文物是收回这些丢失文物最可行的方式，但是有限的资金仍是一大令人头疼的问题。
近些年来，中国政府已加大力度找回流失海外的珍贵文物，开启了一项关于珍宝追回的国家项目，并建立了收集相关信息的数据库。中国已就此事与许多国家签署了一些国际协议，同时也正在通过与一些国际组织的紧密联系寻求国际合作以找回文物。Unit3 阅读技能突破-真题展示
[课标全国Ⅲ 2019·B篇] For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It’s no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today’s top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China—its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
1. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
A. It promoted the sales of artworks.
B. It attracted a large number of visitors.
C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
2. What does Hill say about Chinese women
A. They are setting the fashion.
B. They start many fashion campaigns.
C. They admire super models.
D. They do business all over the world.
3. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean
A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D. competing against
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World
B. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York
C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics
D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
【语篇导读】本文通过A＋E网络公司的首席创意官阿曼达·希尔的评述，从国外视角介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响。
1. B细节理解题。根据本文第三段中的 he exhib1tonhad record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.可知，这场在纽约举行的“中国：镜花水月”的展览吸引了大量参观者，参观人数创下了历史新高。
2. A细节理解题。根据本文第四段中的Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.可知，在希尔眼中，中国女性不只是潮流的消费者，还是潮流的中心，是时尚的引领者、定义者。
3. D词义猜测题。根据画线词后的and beating them hands down in design and sales可知，王薇薇(Vera Wang)、王大仁(Alexander Wang)，吴季刚(Jason Wu)这类顶级的中国设计师在设计和销售方面正在击败加利亚诺、马克·雅可布这些西方顶级设计师，由此可推知，take on...表示“与…竞争”。
【微技能】词义猜测题的考查类型及解题思路 (1)考查类型： ①考查超纲词汇：选项中一般会给出词语的解释或近义词，将其代回原文，要符合逻辑，文意通顺。 ②考查未超纲词汇或短语：这类题目往往是考查熟词生义，考查该词在特定场合或语境下的含义，一般需要根据上下文推测。 (2)干扰项的特点： ①对于考查熟词生义的词，干扰项会列出它的字面意思或常规含义。 ②干扰项中还常有凭空杜撰出来的其他意思，但只要将此意思代入原文，不符合逻辑就能够排除。 (3)解题思路： ①返回原文，结合上下文语境，理解该词的意思。 ②解题时应注意上下文中画线词的同位语、特殊标点、定语从句和表示上下文之间逻辑关系的关键词，特别要注意应根据和画线词处于同一位置的词去推测。
4. D主旨大意题。根据文章第一段For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.可知，长久以来，中国和它璀璨的文化都是西方创作者的灵感来源。再根据第三段中的China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries ，第四段中的they are central to its movement和第五段中的China as the leading player when discussing fashion等可知，文章旨在肯定中国与中国文化正在引领国际时尚潮流。故D项(中国文化正在推动国际时尚潮流)最适合作为本文标题。
【长难句分析】Earlier this year，the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.
句式分析：本句中Earlier this year为时间状语，主语是the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York, exhibited为本句谓语，with the aim of ...为伴随状语，of后为动名词短语exploring...作宾语，其中包含一个 how引导的宾语从句。
句意：今年年初，一场名为“中国:镜花水月”的展览在纽约展出了140件受中国元素启发而设计的时装以及中国艺术作品。此次展览的目的是探索中国美学对西方时尚的影响以及中国几百年来是如何为时尚提供源源不断的灵感的。
