外研版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Everyday economics 词汇精讲课堂课件（33张PPT）

(共33张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本：新外研 单元：选择性必修四 Unit 4
potential
熟词生义
purchase
正式用语
重难点词精讲
bug
词源义
一词多义
隐喻
mild
一词多义
熟词生义
hire
expense
一词多义
搭配义
distribution
一词多义
词根词缀
你不能选择你的潜能，但你可以选择去发挥潜能。
adj［只用于名词前］可能的 (possible)；潜在的 likely to become a particular type of person or thing in the future：
a potential disaster
potential resources / customers / bosses
n [U] 潜能；可能性：
achieve / fulfill / reach one’s (full) potential
He has the potential to become a world-class musician.
派生词：potentially adv 潜在地；可能地
potential
看图猜词
bug
bug
思考：
“虫子”和“故障”有什么关系吗？
bug 词源解读
bug的词源义是“令人害怕的东西”，后指昆虫（insects）。
1841 年衍生出释义“热衷 / 着迷 / 有某个想法的人”。
词义“故障”据说来自大发明家爱迪生（Edison）。他在检查机器故障时，发现故障原因是由于里面死了一个小虫子，这令人厌烦。
bug n
[C] 小虫子
[C] 小疾病；（尤指计算机的）故障：
a flu bug
catch / pick up / get a bug
a bug in the software
[U] [单数] [非正式用语] 热衷；着迷：
I’ve definitely been bitten by the gardening bug.
外研新选必④-4
根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。
Where did you ______________（买）the book
buy
/ purchase
正式用语
purchase
vt［正式用语］买；购买；（以努力等）换得：
Tickets may be purchased in advance from the box office.
They purchased freedom with their blood.
n [U] & [C]［正式用语］购买；购买的物品：
purchase and sale
That’s really a good purchase.
purchase
pur- (forth 向前) + chase (to run after 追赶) → 向前“追逐 / 追赶” → 得到 → 购买
distribution
配送中心 distribution centre
distribute v
分配：
The money was distributed among schools in the area.
分发：
Clothes and blankets have been distributed among / to the earthquake victims.
（商品）分销：
Who distributes our products in the UK
distribute: dis- (individually, apart 个别地、分开地) + tribute (to assign 分配) → 分配 (基本义)
distribution n
[U] & [C] 分配；分布；散布：
the distribution of wealth
population distribution
[U] 分发；分送；配送：
the distribution of aid supplies
[U]（商品）分销；经销：
marketing, sales and distribution
distribute + -tion
distribute语义网络图
分配；分布；散布
分销；经销
分发；配送
分配 distribute
基本义
“分配”
人口、财富等
“分配”物资
“分配”商品到各地
分配
分发
（商品）分销
distribution
看图猜词
mild spicy
微辣
a mild climate
温和的气候
（程度）轻微的 → 严重的
温和的；温柔的：
He has too mild a nature to get angry, even if he has good cause.
（天气）温暖的；暖和的（反：cold）：
a mild winter
轻微的；不严重的（slight） ：
mild sunburn
He looked at her in mild surprise.
He suffered from a mild heart attack.
味淡的；不浓的（反：hot） ：
mild cheese
mild adj
温和的
（基本义）
mild
疾病状况等“温和的”
天气“温和的”
食物“温和的”
温暖的；暖和的
轻微的；不严重的
味淡的；不浓的
mild 语义网络图
人性格、态度“温和的”
温和的；温柔的
hire
rent / hire a shared bike
v
vt (BrE)（短期）租用 (AmE rent) ：
hire a car / boat
vt & vi（临时）雇用：
the power to hire and fire
She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004. 2014 天津
hire sb to do sth:
I’ll hire a lawyer to handle the case.
hire out
The company hired out cars.
n [U] 租用；雇用：
let out sth on hire
cars on / for hire
hire
基本义
要留意细小的开支。小洞沉大船。
这句话是美国政治家、物理学家本杰明·富兰克林的一句名言。相当于中国的谚语“千里之堤溃于蚁穴”。他提醒我们不要忽视小的细节，也许就是这些被忽视的小细节会导致无法挽回的结果。
spare no expense
cut down on one’s expense
living / household expenses
cover one’s daily expenses
Running a car is a big expense.
I don’t think we can afford the expenses.
expense n [U] & [C] 支出；费用；代价：
at sb’s expense 由某人付费 / 负担费用:
I published a book at my own expense.
at the expense of 以……为代价:
He finished the job at the expense of his health.
本单元的词根词缀
1. manufacturer: manu- (hand 手) + fact (to make 做、制造) + -ure + -er（……的人）→ 用手“__________”的人 → __________
2. exceed: ex- (out 向外) + ceed (to go 走) → “__________ ”……的范围 → __________
3. purchase: pur- (forth 向前) + chase (to run after 追赶) → 向前“___________” → 得到 → __________
4. superior: super- (above 在……上) + -ior（形容词后缀）→ 在……“_______
___”的 → __________
制作
走出
追逐 / 追赶
上
制造商
超过
5. distribution: dis- (individually, apart 个别地、分开地) + tribute (to assign 分配) + -ion（名词后缀）→ 给每个人单独分开“___________”→ __________
购买
较好的
分发 / 分配
分配
英语中的 metaphor（隐喻）来源于希腊语 metaphora，该词由 meta- (over) 和 pherein (to carry) 合成，合起来意思是 to carry over（拿过来）。因此，隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物，并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式，无处不在，它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。
隐喻 metaphor
本单元隐喻典型词
单词 基本义 比喻义
flat 平的 （轮胎）瘪了的
blank 空白的 没表情的
superior 更好的 有优越感的
input （时间、知识、思想、建议等） 输入 （计算机信息） 输入
bug 小昆虫 故障
potential 可能性 潜能
bonus 奖金 意外收获
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities.（2018 北京改） ___________
2. The European marketplace offers excellent potential for increasing sales. ___________
3. They can help you start a business by supplying useful information of your potential buyers.（2020 天津改） ___________
二、根据汉语提示完成下面句子。
Theory Y is the view that everyone ________________（有潜力） to find satisfaction in work.（2016 上海）
可能
可能性
潜在的
potential
has the potential
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It just bugs me that I have to work so many extra hours for no extra money. ___________
2. We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.（2013 辽宁） ___________
3. She was never interested in fitness before but now she’s been bitten by the bug. ___________
4. We noticed tiny bugs that were all over the walls. ___________
使……厌烦
故障
bug
着迷
虫子
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. She paid for her purchases and left. ___________
2. This product should be consumed on the day of purchase.
___________
3. Keep your receipt（收据）as proof of purchase. ___________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The equipment can be purchased _________ your local supplier.
2. She purchased her first house _________ the money.
3. We haven’t been able to find a _________ (purchase) for our house yet.
购买的物品
购买当天
购物凭证
purchase
from
with
purchaser
根据句意写出distribution的汉语释义。
1. The volunteer group is in charge of the distribution of aid supplies. __________
2. I need a map showing the population distribution of Canada.
___________
3. The company has gradually expanded its distribution network to include Canada and Mexico. ___________
distribution
经销
分发
分布
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He has suffered a mild heart attack — nothing too serious.
___________
2. Most rain forests lie to the equator (赤道), where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine.（2007 辽宁）___________
3. She is a mild woman, who never shouted. ___________
4. Use a soap that is mild on the skin. ___________
5. This cheese has a soft, mild flavour. ___________
轻微的
温暖的
温和的 / 温柔的
mild
温和的
味淡的
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. If you hire me, you’ll get someone who is always willing to learn.
（2013 浙江） ___________
2. I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire a car. （2013 北京） ___________
3. The price includes the hire of the hall. ___________
二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. They hired a firm of consultants ______________________（设计新的系统）.
2. Helmets will be available __________（供出租） at all ski areas.
雇用
租
租金
hire
to design the new system
for hire
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Too often, when giving a speech, people focus on the “public” _____________（以……为代价）the “speaking”.（2020 山东改）
2. If the printer should break down within the first year, we would repair it ____________（由我们承担费用）. （2009 天津改）
3. To earn some money to pay the ____________（日常开支）, I started work in a local café as a waiter.（2014 上海）
4. The woman gave up her dream to be a gym teacher as she _______ _______________（负担不起费用）.（2009 湖北改）
expense
at the expense of
at our expense
daily expenses
afford the expense
couldn’t
谢
谢
观
赏