外研版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Everyday economics五年高考练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit4 Everyday economics五年高考练（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-07 11:12:34 | ||
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Unit4 五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2018浙江，C）
As cultural symbols go，the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago，with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线）or September 27，1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture the roadside diner，the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century，the car represented what it meant to be American--going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie these are the most typical American ideas，born of abundant petrol，cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system，the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then，this society has moved onward looking back，as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption，climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst，but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design，build and export green technologies for producing clean water，clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.
1.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2？
A. To explain Americans love for travelling by car.
B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D. To praise the effectiveness of America's road system.
2. What has the use of cars in America led to
A. Decline of economy.
B. Environmental problems.
C. a shortage of oil supply.
D. A farm-based society.
3. What is Friedman’s attitude towards Americas future
A. ambiguous. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Tolerant.
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2020新高考Ⅰ）
Many people have the hobby of collecting things，e.g. stamps，postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries， 1 （wealth）people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died，and then it was given to a museum. The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example， 3 （form） collection of the British Museum 4 opened in1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 （call）galleries or rooms. Often，only a small part of a museum’s collection 6 （be）on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine 7 （they）living at a different time in history or 8 （walk）through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York，the city’s Viking settlement is recreated，and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town historical 9 （accurate） is important but so is entertainment Museums must compete 10 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
1._________ 2.________ 3._________ 4.________ 5.__________
6._________ 7.________ 8._________ 9.________ 10._________
答案：
Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国汽车的发展及其对美国社会和文化发展的影响。
1.B 细节理解题。从文章第二段的 The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture..可知，此处提到“hamburger”的目的是证明美国的汽车对美国文化的影响。因此B项正确。
2.B 细节理解题。从第四段的 The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.可知，汽车的使用导致了美国的环境问题。故选B项。
3.C 推理判断题。从文章的最后一段可知，Friedman指出绿色经济是保持美国强大的机会。因此他对美国的未来是“充满希望的”。故选C项。
Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会，主題语境内容为文化遗产。本文介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、藏品的展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。本文旨在拓宽学生的知识层面，让学生了解更多的外界事物。
1. wealthy 考查形容词。句意：在18世纪和19世纪，富裕的人们旅游的同时也收集植物、有历史意义的东西和艺术品。设空处作 people的定语，此处用形容词作定语，故填 wealthy。
2.or 考查连词。他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到藏品变得太大或者他们去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据句意可知，设空处前后两个时间状语从句为选择关系，故用or。
3.formed 考查动词时态。句意：例如，Hans Sloane爵士收集的八万件藏品成了大英博物馆的核心藏品，该博物馆于1759年开放。设空处的动词作谓语，根据语境可知应使用一般过去时态，主语 objects与动词form之间为主动关系，故填formed。
4. which/that 考查定语从句。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词，先行词是 the British museum，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The British Museum opened in1759，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 which或that。
5. are called 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展览室。设空处的动词作谓语，因为陈述客观事实，所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语 the parts of a museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念，故填 are called。
6.is考查时态和主谓一致。句意：通常，只有一小部分博物馆的藏品被展出。设空处的动词作谓语，因为陈述客观事实，所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语为单数概念，故填is。
7.themselves 考查代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客（还）可以玩电脑模拟（游戏），想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或漫步在热带雨林中。设空处作 imagine的宾语，当主语visitors和宾语是同一群人时，要用反身代词作动词 image的宾语。故填 themselves。
8. walking 考查非谓语动词。设空处与前面的 living是并列结构。故填 walking。
9.accuracy 考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要但是娱乐也很重要。设空处在句中作主语，故填 accuracy。
10.for 考查介词。句意：为了（获取）人们的闲暇时间和金钱博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动展开竞争。compete for意为“竞争；对抗”。故填for。
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2018浙江，C）
As cultural symbols go，the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago，with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线）or September 27，1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them.
Modern America was born on the road behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture the roadside diner，the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century，the car represented what it meant to be American--going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie these are the most typical American ideas，born of abundant petrol，cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system，the largest public works project in history.
In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then，this society has moved onward looking back，as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power.
The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990.
The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption，climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst，but hopes for the best.
Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design，build and export green technologies for producing clean water，clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.
1.Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2？
A. To explain Americans love for travelling by car.
B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.
C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.
D. To praise the effectiveness of America's road system.
2. What has the use of cars in America led to
A. Decline of economy.
B. Environmental problems.
C. a shortage of oil supply.
D. A farm-based society.
3. What is Friedman’s attitude towards Americas future
A. ambiguous. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Tolerant.
Ⅱ.语法填空
（2020新高考Ⅰ）
Many people have the hobby of collecting things，e.g. stamps，postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries， 1 （wealth）people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died，and then it was given to a museum. The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example， 3 （form） collection of the British Museum 4 opened in1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 （call）galleries or rooms. Often，only a small part of a museum’s collection 6 （be）on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟）and imagine 7 （they）living at a different time in history or 8 （walk）through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York，the city’s Viking settlement is recreated，and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town historical 9 （accurate） is important but so is entertainment Museums must compete 10 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
1._________ 2.________ 3._________ 4.________ 5.__________
6._________ 7.________ 8._________ 9.________ 10._________
答案：
Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国汽车的发展及其对美国社会和文化发展的影响。
1.B 细节理解题。从文章第二段的 The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture..可知，此处提到“hamburger”的目的是证明美国的汽车对美国文化的影响。因此B项正确。
2.B 细节理解题。从第四段的 The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.可知，汽车的使用导致了美国的环境问题。故选B项。
3.C 推理判断题。从文章的最后一段可知，Friedman指出绿色经济是保持美国强大的机会。因此他对美国的未来是“充满希望的”。故选C项。
Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会，主題语境内容为文化遗产。本文介绍了博物馆藏品的由来、藏品的展览方式以及博物馆给人们提供的各种体验。本文旨在拓宽学生的知识层面，让学生了解更多的外界事物。
1. wealthy 考查形容词。句意：在18世纪和19世纪，富裕的人们旅游的同时也收集植物、有历史意义的东西和艺术品。设空处作 people的定语，此处用形容词作定语，故填 wealthy。
2.or 考查连词。他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到藏品变得太大或者他们去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据句意可知，设空处前后两个时间状语从句为选择关系，故用or。
3.formed 考查动词时态。句意：例如，Hans Sloane爵士收集的八万件藏品成了大英博物馆的核心藏品，该博物馆于1759年开放。设空处的动词作谓语，根据语境可知应使用一般过去时态，主语 objects与动词form之间为主动关系，故填formed。
4. which/that 考查定语从句。设空处为引导定语从句的关系词，先行词是 the British museum，将先行词代入定语从句后为：The British Museum opened in1759，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填 which或that。
5. are called 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为展览馆或展览室。设空处的动词作谓语，因为陈述客观事实，所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语 the parts of a museum和动词call之间为被动关系且表示复数概念，故填 are called。
6.is考查时态和主谓一致。句意：通常，只有一小部分博物馆的藏品被展出。设空处的动词作谓语，因为陈述客观事实，所以应该使用一般现在时态。主语为单数概念，故填is。
7.themselves 考查代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客（还）可以玩电脑模拟（游戏），想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期或漫步在热带雨林中。设空处作 imagine的宾语，当主语visitors和宾语是同一群人时，要用反身代词作动词 image的宾语。故填 themselves。
8. walking 考查非谓语动词。设空处与前面的 living是并列结构。故填 walking。
9.accuracy 考查名词。句意：历史的准确性很重要但是娱乐也很重要。设空处在句中作主语，故填 accuracy。
10.for 考查介词。句意：为了（获取）人们的闲暇时间和金钱博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动展开竞争。compete for意为“竞争；对抗”。故填for。
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