外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit5 高频词汇课件(共39张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit5 高频词汇课件(共39张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-07 12:35:24 | ||
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(共39张PPT)
Unit 5
高频词汇学习
设计说明
本课件依据新教材和新课标的要求，将中英文中思维差异大、高考出现频率高、词义较多、用法灵活的词汇进行了汇总和精讲。
特点创新趣味性导入、追本溯源记单词、多重维度复现单词、遗忘曲线精准练单词、深度学习记忆单词
模块每个词的呈现同中有异，包含导入、详情和练习三个主要模块。具体分为情境导入、词根溯源、语义网络图、精准释义、常见搭配、词块例句、高考链接、学后练习等方面
Unit5 高频词汇一览
bury v.
ruin n.&v.
abandon v.
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
bury
bury v.
词源
导入
bury [ beri] v.
看图，想一想bury是什么意思呢？
不要埋葬你的失败，让它们激励你。
The girl is burying herself in books.
看图猜词义
埋头读书
导入
基本义：埋；隐喻：埋 (葬) 尸体 → “埋”物体，使其不被发现 → 遮盖 / 掩盖
词源
精准释义
vt. 埋葬
vt. 埋藏；掩藏；遮盖
词块例句
be buried in 埋头于；专心致志于
bury oneself in埋头于；专心致志于
We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading.
The dog buried the bone in the ground.
He buried his face in his hands.
be buried in / bury oneself in ：
As you know, I’m still buried in books at the school you are so familiar with.
bury
近义表达：put one’s heart into, focus on, concentrate on, be absorbed in
词汇拓展
记忆技巧：1. *burg- / *bourg- 'protect, fortress' (whence also bury), a variant of *berg- (source of English barrow 'mound' and German berg 'mountain, hill') and *borg- (source of English borrow). 2. *burg- => bury. 与 burrow 等单词同源。
burial [ beri l] n. 埋葬;葬礼
复数： burials
When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.(高考 北京卷 2019 阅读）
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.(高考 湖南卷 2015 阅读)
In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterway.(高考 江苏卷 2015 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现17次
高考链接
练习
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ___________ (bury) deep in the jungle.
2. Rubbish ____________ (bury) in landfills（垃圾填埋场）is cut off from the surrounding environment.
3. Your letter __________________ (bury) under a pile of papers.
buried
buried
got / was buried
练习
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
她自从考试不及格后，就埋头学习。(bury oneself in)
Since her failure in the exam, ____________________________________.
she’s buried herself in her studies
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
ruin
ruin n.&v.
词源
导入
ruin [ru n] n.&v.
看图，想一想ruin是什么意思呢？
ruin 破坏，毁坏
来自拉丁语 ruina,倒塌，毁坏，来自 ruere,倒塌，崩塌，来自 PIE*reue,击，打，撕开，词源 同 rag,rough.字母 g 脱落，比较 regulate,rule.
词源
精准释义
vt. 糟蹋；（完全地）毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
vt. 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money
n. [U] 毁灭；破产
n. [C]［常用复数］废墟；遗迹；残余
词块例句
lay / be in ruins成废墟；严重受损
fall into ruin（因无人照料而）衰落；败落 (go to ruin)
financial ruin经济崩溃
The bad weather ruined our trip.天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
My new shoes got ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。
The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin. 银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。
ruin
词汇拓展
ruined adj.［只用于名词前］毁坏了的；严重受损的
damage
n. [U] 损害；损坏；损失 harm or injury caused when sth is or spoiled
n. [C] [复数] 损害赔偿金
vt. 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 million. 地震造成大约600万元的财产损失。
He was ordered to pay damages totalling 30 000.他被责令支付总额为3万英镑的损害赔偿金。
词汇拓展
侧重 “损”，可修复
do / cause damage to造成损失
serious/severe/extensive/permanent/minor damage
重大的 / 严重的 / 大范围的 / 永久性的 / 轻微的损坏
The storm didn't do much damage.暴风雨并未造成严重损失。
I'm going─I've done enough damage here already.我要走了——我在这里造成的损害已经够大了。
记忆技巧：dama 征服 +〔= a〕ge 行为的结果 → 征服就意味着对另一方的毁坏 → 毁坏
damage
词汇拓展
destroy vt.
毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
消灭；杀死：
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed.
词汇拓展
侧重 “毁”，无法修复
destroy = de- (down) + struere (build)
破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑。
“被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？
词汇拓展
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
ruin
vt. 糟蹋；(完全地) 毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
vt. 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money
n. [U] 毁灭；破产
n. [C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余
in ruins 成废墟；严重受损：the ruins of Rome
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.
If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
词汇拓展
意大利的古罗马废墟 (the ruins of Rome)，位于斗兽场之旁，是昔日古罗马帝国的中心，是现存世界最大面积的古罗马废墟。
这座于公元72年由4万名战俘用8年时间建起来的巨大建筑，虽然毁坏严重，残破不堪，却是人类建筑史上的杰作。它的形状很像今天的体育场，近50米高的外围墙是用砖石砌成的三层石柱拱廊，周围有80个出入口，里面的阶梯式座位能同时容纳5.5万名观众。
词汇拓展
词汇拓展
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分damage, destroy和ruin。
damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。
It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.(高考 浙江卷 2020 阅读)
Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day (高考 全国卷II 2020 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现19次
高考链接
从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
1. The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall.
2. The building was completely ______________ by fire.
3. It poured with rain and my dress got ______________.
4. This illnesss has _____________ my life.
5. Ninety percent of their island was _____________ and they had nothing. (2012 山东)
6. The homeless shelter was entirely _____________ in the huge earthquake.
练习
damaged
destroyed
ruined
ruined
destroyed
destroyed
ruin damage destroy
导入
详情
练习
词源
语义网络图
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
abandon
abandon v.
导入
abandon [ b nd n] v.
放弃
词源
abandon的词源义及基本义为“放弃 (to give up)”。 abandon 的精准的汉语释义为“弃” 。
放弃
abandon
基本义
放弃做某事；放弃信念等
不顾义务、责任等放弃人或动物
不得已而放弃某地或某交通工具
放 弃
遗 弃
离 弃
语义网络图
三层释义都含“放弃”之意，因情境不同注意精准的汉语释义。
精准释义
vt. 放弃to stop doing or having sth
vt. 遗弃to leave sb, especially sb you're responsible for
vt. 离弃to leave a place, vehicle etc., especially because it is impossible or dangerous to stay (leave)
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事
Rescuers had abandoned all hope of finding any more survivors. 营救人员对找到更多生还者已不抱任何希望。
How could she abandon her own child 她怎么能抛弃自己的孩子呢？
People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。2010 北京
Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles. 雪迫使许多司机弃车而行。
词块例句
abandoned [ b nd nd] adj. 被遗弃的;被离弃的;废弃的
an abandoned farm 废弃的农场
A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop.
abandonment n. [U]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃
词汇拓展
LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.(高考 江苏卷 2020 阅读)
...or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.(高考 北京卷 2019 阅读)
Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.(高考 天津卷3月 2018 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现28次
高考链接
一、选出画线部分对应的汉语释义。
_______ 1. They decided to abandon the sinking ship.
_______ 2. In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, the adventurer is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. (15 北京阅读改)
_______ 3. They wouldn’t have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.
练习
B
C
A
A. 放弃 (正在做的事或信念、信仰、看法等)
B. 遗弃(某人或物)
C. 离弃 (某地或某交通工具)
练习
二、写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。
1. The match was abandoned because of bad weather. _________
2. The search for the missing sailors was abandoned after two days.
___________
3. Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city.
___________
4. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.
__________
5. A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop.
___________
adj 被遗弃的
放弃 / 终止
离弃
清理
取消
三、根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. They _____________________ (中止了比赛) because of the rain.
2. Fearing further attacks, most of the population ________________ (逃离了该市) .
3. Because of the fog, she ____________________ (打消念头) of driving.
4. The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of ______________ (被丢给) to the care of strangers.
abandon the idea
abandoned the city
being abandoned
abandoned the match
练习
Unit 5
高频词汇学习
设计说明
本课件依据新教材和新课标的要求，将中英文中思维差异大、高考出现频率高、词义较多、用法灵活的词汇进行了汇总和精讲。
特点创新趣味性导入、追本溯源记单词、多重维度复现单词、遗忘曲线精准练单词、深度学习记忆单词
模块每个词的呈现同中有异，包含导入、详情和练习三个主要模块。具体分为情境导入、词根溯源、语义网络图、精准释义、常见搭配、词块例句、高考链接、学后练习等方面
Unit5 高频词汇一览
bury v.
ruin n.&v.
abandon v.
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
bury
bury v.
词源
导入
bury [ beri] v.
看图，想一想bury是什么意思呢？
不要埋葬你的失败，让它们激励你。
The girl is burying herself in books.
看图猜词义
埋头读书
导入
基本义：埋；隐喻：埋 (葬) 尸体 → “埋”物体，使其不被发现 → 遮盖 / 掩盖
词源
精准释义
vt. 埋葬
vt. 埋藏；掩藏；遮盖
词块例句
be buried in 埋头于；专心致志于
bury oneself in埋头于；专心致志于
We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading.
The dog buried the bone in the ground.
He buried his face in his hands.
be buried in / bury oneself in ：
As you know, I’m still buried in books at the school you are so familiar with.
bury
近义表达：put one’s heart into, focus on, concentrate on, be absorbed in
词汇拓展
记忆技巧：1. *burg- / *bourg- 'protect, fortress' (whence also bury), a variant of *berg- (source of English barrow 'mound' and German berg 'mountain, hill') and *borg- (source of English borrow). 2. *burg- => bury. 与 burrow 等单词同源。
burial [ beri l] n. 埋葬;葬礼
复数： burials
When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.(高考 北京卷 2019 阅读）
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.(高考 湖南卷 2015 阅读)
In the back country, bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterway.(高考 江苏卷 2015 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现17次
高考链接
练习
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ___________ (bury) deep in the jungle.
2. Rubbish ____________ (bury) in landfills（垃圾填埋场）is cut off from the surrounding environment.
3. Your letter __________________ (bury) under a pile of papers.
buried
buried
got / was buried
练习
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
她自从考试不及格后，就埋头学习。(bury oneself in)
Since her failure in the exam, ____________________________________.
she’s buried herself in her studies
导入
详情
练习
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
ruin
ruin n.&v.
词源
导入
ruin [ru n] n.&v.
看图，想一想ruin是什么意思呢？
ruin 破坏，毁坏
来自拉丁语 ruina,倒塌，毁坏，来自 ruere,倒塌，崩塌，来自 PIE*reue,击，打，撕开，词源 同 rag,rough.字母 g 脱落，比较 regulate,rule.
词源
精准释义
vt. 糟蹋；（完全地）毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
vt. 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money
n. [U] 毁灭；破产
n. [C]［常用复数］废墟；遗迹；残余
词块例句
lay / be in ruins成废墟；严重受损
fall into ruin（因无人照料而）衰落；败落 (go to ruin)
financial ruin经济崩溃
The bad weather ruined our trip.天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。
That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
My new shoes got ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。
The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin. 银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。
ruin
词汇拓展
ruined adj.［只用于名词前］毁坏了的；严重受损的
damage
n. [U] 损害；损坏；损失 harm or injury caused when sth is or spoiled
n. [C] [复数] 损害赔偿金
vt. 损害；损坏：(名词动化）
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 million. 地震造成大约600万元的财产损失。
He was ordered to pay damages totalling 30 000.他被责令支付总额为3万英镑的损害赔偿金。
词汇拓展
侧重 “损”，可修复
do / cause damage to造成损失
serious/severe/extensive/permanent/minor damage
重大的 / 严重的 / 大范围的 / 永久性的 / 轻微的损坏
The storm didn't do much damage.暴风雨并未造成严重损失。
I'm going─I've done enough damage here already.我要走了——我在这里造成的损害已经够大了。
记忆技巧：dama 征服 +〔= a〕ge 行为的结果 → 征服就意味着对另一方的毁坏 → 毁坏
damage
词汇拓展
destroy vt.
毁坏；摧毁；毁掉 to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
消灭；杀死：
The building was completely destroyed by fire.
The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed.
词汇拓展
侧重 “毁”，无法修复
destroy = de- (down) + struere (build)
破坏一栋建筑的结构意味着毁掉这栋建筑。
“被雨水毁了的头发”，用哪个词呢？
词汇拓展
The rain ruined my hair.
头发还在，只是“美好的发型”被毁了。
在这里，理解英语释义也很重要。
◆ destroy: to damage sth so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists
◆ ruin: to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
ruin
vt. 糟蹋；(完全地) 毁坏 to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.
vt. 使破产 to make sb lose all his / her money
n. [U] 毁灭；破产
n. [C] [常用复数] 废墟；遗迹；残余
in ruins 成废墟；严重受损：the ruins of Rome
In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.
If she loses the court case it will ruin her.
词汇拓展
意大利的古罗马废墟 (the ruins of Rome)，位于斗兽场之旁，是昔日古罗马帝国的中心，是现存世界最大面积的古罗马废墟。
这座于公元72年由4万名战俘用8年时间建起来的巨大建筑，虽然毁坏严重，残破不堪，却是人类建筑史上的杰作。它的形状很像今天的体育场，近50米高的外围墙是用砖石砌成的三层石柱拱廊，周围有80个出入口，里面的阶梯式座位能同时容纳5.5万名观众。
词汇拓展
词汇拓展
运用精准的汉语释义和英语释义区分damage, destroy和ruin。
damage 的名词和动词都侧重“损”，表示可修复，常和badly、seriously等副词搭配；
destroy 侧重“毁”，表示不可修复，不复存在，常和completely、entirely等副词搭配；
ruin 侧重“毁坏”，使美好的事物失去用途或优良特性，尽管此物仍然存在。
头发经常烫、染，容易损伤（damage）头发，需要做护理修复。烫坏、烫焦，头发就毁（destroy）了 ，只能剪掉。做个美美的发型出门，遇到大雨，头发还在，但发型被毁（ruin）了。
It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.(高考 浙江卷 2020 阅读)
Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day (高考 全国卷II 2020 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现19次
高考链接
从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
1. The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall.
2. The building was completely ______________ by fire.
3. It poured with rain and my dress got ______________.
4. This illnesss has _____________ my life.
5. Ninety percent of their island was _____________ and they had nothing. (2012 山东)
6. The homeless shelter was entirely _____________ in the huge earthquake.
练习
damaged
destroyed
ruined
ruined
destroyed
destroyed
ruin damage destroy
导入
详情
练习
词源
语义网络图
精准释义
词汇拓展
高考链接
词块例句
abandon
abandon v.
导入
abandon [ b nd n] v.
放弃
词源
abandon的词源义及基本义为“放弃 (to give up)”。 abandon 的精准的汉语释义为“弃” 。
放弃
abandon
基本义
放弃做某事；放弃信念等
不顾义务、责任等放弃人或动物
不得已而放弃某地或某交通工具
放 弃
遗 弃
离 弃
语义网络图
三层释义都含“放弃”之意，因情境不同注意精准的汉语释义。
精准释义
vt. 放弃to stop doing or having sth
vt. 遗弃to leave sb, especially sb you're responsible for
vt. 离弃to leave a place, vehicle etc., especially because it is impossible or dangerous to stay (leave)
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事
Rescuers had abandoned all hope of finding any more survivors. 营救人员对找到更多生还者已不抱任何希望。
How could she abandon her own child 她怎么能抛弃自己的孩子呢？
People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。2010 北京
Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles. 雪迫使许多司机弃车而行。
词块例句
abandoned [ b nd nd] adj. 被遗弃的;被离弃的;废弃的
an abandoned farm 废弃的农场
A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop.
abandonment n. [U]遗弃；离弃；抛弃；放弃
词汇拓展
LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.(高考 江苏卷 2020 阅读)
...or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.(高考 北京卷 2019 阅读)
Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.(高考 天津卷3月 2018 阅读)
该词在历年高考真题中出现28次
高考链接
一、选出画线部分对应的汉语释义。
_______ 1. They decided to abandon the sinking ship.
_______ 2. In each episode (一期节目) of Man vs. Wild, the adventurer is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. (15 北京阅读改)
_______ 3. They wouldn’t have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.
练习
B
C
A
A. 放弃 (正在做的事或信念、信仰、看法等)
B. 遗弃(某人或物)
C. 离弃 (某地或某交通工具)
练习
二、写出下列句子中画线部分精准的汉语释义。
1. The match was abandoned because of bad weather. _________
2. The search for the missing sailors was abandoned after two days.
___________
3. Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city.
___________
4. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.
__________
5. A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop.
___________
adj 被遗弃的
放弃 / 终止
离弃
清理
取消
三、根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. They _____________________ (中止了比赛) because of the rain.
2. Fearing further attacks, most of the population ________________ (逃离了该市) .
3. Because of the fog, she ____________________ (打消念头) of driving.
4. The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of ______________ (被丢给) to the care of strangers.
abandon the idea
abandoned the city
being abandoned
abandoned the match
练习