外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit5 Into the unknown五年高考练（有答案）

Unit5 五年高考练
阅读理解
（2020江苏，C）
For those who can stomach it，working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first，according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However，far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
To find out，British scientists conducted a study They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men，whose lifestyles are for better and worse，representative of those of most of us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic（新陈代谢的）rates and took samples（样品）of their blood and fat tissue.
Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists’ lab. each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory, should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食) On the other occasion they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.
Just before and an hour after each workout the scientists took additional samples of the men’s blood and fat tissue.
Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result，they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories（卡路里），on average，during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant. the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently，depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins（蛋白质）that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin（胰岛素）levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise，it may be wise to skip eating first.
1. The underlined expression" stomach it in Paragraph I most probably means “______”.
A. digest the meal easily.
B. manage without breakfast.
C. decide wisely what to eat.
D. eat whatever is offered.
2. Why were the 10 people chosen for the experiment
A. Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people.
B. Their lack of exercise led to overweight.
C. They could walk at an average speed.
D. They had slow metabolic rates.
3. What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise
A. They successfully lost weight.
B. They consumed a bit more calories.
C. They burned more fat on average.
D. They displayed higher insulin levels.
4. What could be learned from the research
A. a workout after breakfast improves gene performances.
B. Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.
C. Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.
D. Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2020浙江)
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog don always sits beside me in the passenger seat.
One morning I 1 a lost lamb when I was in the top field, near where a motorway cuts through my land The lamb had become separated from its 2 so I jumped out of the tractor to 3 it while don stayed in his seat.
Lamb and mother 4 . I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me This was so 5 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 6 Don had somehow made the 7 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 8 the tractor heading towards the 9 I ran desperately but failed to 10 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 11 thing I saw was Dons face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth. I 12 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 13 against the crash barrier in the central reservation，having miraculously（奇迹般地）crossed the 14 road with fast-flowing traffic I couldn’t see don but as I 15 the tractor he jumped out onto the road，apparently 16 and dashed back to me.
The police 17 and the motorway y ran normally again. I couldn’t quite believe my 18 it turned out no one got badly hurt，but the outcome could have been 19 . Don was given a special 20 that night-I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
1. A. dropped B. spotted C. carried D. returned
2. A. kids B. friends C . owner D. mother
3. A. ask about B. play with C. tend to D. run into
4. A. freed B. switched C. reunited D. examined
5. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult
6. A. Fortunately B. Generally C. Immediately D. Obviously
7. A. lamb B. vehicle C. seat D. fence
8. A. saw B. stopped C. remembered D. drove
9. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill
10. A. take off B. catch up C. hold back D. get out
11. A. real B. best C. basic D. last
12. A. fixed B. noticed C. reached D. closed
13. A. resting B. running C. parking D. turning
14. A. steep B. long C. rough D. busy
15. A. abandoned B. approached C. recognized D. repaired
16. A. unclean B. uncertain C. unhurt D. waited
17. A. arrived B. replied C. survived D. waited
18 A. ability B. dream C. luck D. idea
19. A. common B. confusing C. desirable D. awful
20. A. meal B. test C. job D. lesson
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会，主题语境内容为体育健康。文章讲述了进食时间、锻炼和健康这三者之间的关系。本文旨在培养学生探究某一未知领域的科学精神。
1. B 词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第一段中画线短语“stomach it”的意思最可能是由第一段第一句“对于那些能忍受不吃早饭的人而言，早饭前锻炼可能要比吃了早饭锻炼对健康更有好处”可知，B项“没吃早饭”正确。A：更容易消化食物；C：明智地决定吃什么；D：有什么吃什么。
2. A 细节理解题。本题题干意为：为什么这十个人被选去做实验？根据第三段的 whose lifestyles are，representative of those of most of us可知，无论好坏，这十个人的生活方式代表着我们大多数人的生活方式。故A项“他们的生活方式在普通人中很典型”正确。B：他们缺乏锻炼导致超重；C：他们能以平均速度走路；D：他们新陈代谢速率低。
3. B 细节理解题。本题题干意为：锻炼前吃了早饭的那些人会发生什么？根据第六段中的 On the other hand，they burned slightly more calories. . 可知，吃了早饭锻炼的人燃烧了稍微多一点的卡路里。故答案为B项“他们消耗了更多一点的卡路里”。A：他们成功地减重了；C：他们平均燃烧了更多的脂肪；D：他们显露出更高的胰岛素水平。
4. D 主旨大意题。本题题干意为：从这项研究中可以获知什么？从文中最后一段中的 to gain the greatest health benefits. it may be wise to skip eating first可知，为了从锻炼中获得最大的健康好处，不进食锻炼是明智的。故选D项“早饭前（进行）体育锻炼对身体健康会更好”。A：早饭后锻炼提升基因表现；B：过多的锻炼会减缓新陈代谢速率；C：生活方式不如晨练重要。
II.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为人与动物。文章讲述了一天我开着拖拉机带着我的狗去放羊，发生了一件惊心动魄的事情。本文旨在培养学生关爱动物的意识。
1. B 考查动词。此处表示“我发现了（spotted）一只走失的小羊”。A：掉下，落下；C：拿，携带；D：归还，返回。所以答案为B项。
2. D 考查名词。这只小羊和它的母亲（mother）分离了。根据后文第39空前的 mother可知答案为D项。A：孩子；B：朋友；C：主人。
3. C 考查动词短语。此处表示“于是我从拖拉机上跳下来，去照料（tend to）它（小羊）”。A：询问，打听；B：与……一起玩；D：遇见，撞见。
4. C 考查动词。句意：小羊和妈妈终于团聚了（reunited），我转过身来却发现拖拉机突然离开我（向前移动）了。A：使自由；B：转换；D：检查。
5. A 考查形容词。句意：这太出乎意料（unexpected）了，因为我跳下来时拉上了手刹。B：危险的；C：令人尴尬的；D：困难的。此处表示：拖拉机自己移动了，完全出乎意料。故选A项。
6. D 考查副词。句意：很明显（Obviously）是Don不知怎么让车辆移动了。A：幸运地；B：大体上；C：立即，马上。眼前发生的事情很显然就是坐在拖拉机副驾驶座上的Don造成的。故选D项。
7. B 考查名词。根据上文的描述可知，我看到我的拖拉机在移动。拖拉机属于车辆（vehicle），故选B项。A：小羊，羊羔；C：座位；D：栅栏，篱笆。
8. A 考查动词。句意：当我看到（saw）拖拉机正朝着高速公路前进时，我的心都僵在胸口了。故选A项。B：停止，阻止；C：记住，记得；D：开车，驾驶。
9.B 考查名词。根据前文 a motorway cuts through my and知，此处表示“我的拖拉机正朝着这条高速公路前进”。故选B项。
10. B 考查动词短语。句意：我拼命跑却还是没有追上（catch u）。A：起飞，脱下；C：阻止，隐瞒；D：离开，外出。见此情景我本能的反应就是追上拖拉机，防止事故发生。故选B项。
11. D 考查形容词。句意：我最后（last）看到的就是Don的脸，（它）很镇定地回头看着我。
12. C 考查动词。句意：我的心提到了嗓子眼，我到达（reached）栅栏处往下看了看。A：安装，固定；B：注意到；D：关上，关闭。此处表示：我一路狂奔，终于到了栅栏那里。故选C项。
13. A 考查动词。此处表示“拖拉机正停靠在（resting）中央保留地的防撞护栏上”。B：奔跑，经营；C：停车；D：转身，转动。故选A项。
14. D 考查形容词。此处表示“（拖拉机）竟然奇迹般地穿越了那条繁忙的（busy）、车流如水的道路”。A：陡峭的；B：长长的；C：高低不平的。根据句子中的 fast-flowing可知高速公路上车辆多且快，十分繁忙。故选D项。
15. B 考查动词。句意：我没有看见Don，可是当我接近（approached）拖拉机时，它（一下子）跳到了路上……。A：放弃，抛弃；C：辨认出，承认；D：维修，修理。故选B项。
16. C 考查形容词。此处表示“很明显（Don）没有受伤（unhurt），它朝我奔跑过来”。A：不干净的；B：不确定的；D：不高兴的。Don还能跳出来并朝我奔跑过来，说明它并没有在事故中受伤。故选C项。
17. A 考查动词。句意：警察到达了（arrived）（事故现场），高速公路又恢复了交通。B：回答，答复；C：存活，幸存；D：等待，等候。我的拖拉机在高速公路出了事故，于是警察来处理。故选A项。
18. C 考查名词。句意：（事故的）结果是没有一个人受伤严重，我简直不相信我的运气（luck）。A：能力；B：梦，梦想；D：主意，观点。这么危险的一幕竟然没有造成人员严重受伤，简直是运气太好了。故选C项。
19. D 考查形容词。此处表示“可是，这次事故的结果可能是非常可怕的（awu）”。A：常见的；B：令人困惑的；C：值得拥有的。我的狗开着我的拖拉机横穿高速公路，这样的事故后果会是非常可怕的。故选D项。
20. A 考查名词。句意：那晚我让Don吃了一顿特别的饭（meal），因为我不想让它认为我生它的气了。B：测验；C：工作；D：教训，课程。我不想让Don知道我生它的气，给它吃了顿好饭。故选A项。