(共27张PPT)
词
汇
课
堂
版本:新外研 单元:选择性必修四 Unit 6
shadow
一词多义
辨析义
submit
正式用语
词根
重难点词精讲
suspend
一词多义
隐喻
词根词缀
正式用语与非正式用语
名词动词化
discipline & self-discipline
一词多义
shadow
皮影戏是中国一门传统艺术。观众在观看皮影戏时,看到的是道具轮廓的“影子”,而其对应的英文是shadow play,很符合皮影戏的本质特点。还有一门中国传统文化艺术——太极拳,在英文中称作tai chi (音译)或shadow boxing,为何太极拳也跟“影子”有关呢?这还要归到太极拳本质——虚实转换,转换间如“影子”一般,这也就可以解释为什么用shadow boxing了。
shadow n
[C] 影子;阴影;坏影响:
shadow play
Her father’s illness cast a shadow over / on the wedding celebrations.
shadows under sb’s eyes
the shadow of death
[U][也可用复数]背光处;阴暗处 :
Sometimes she sits alone in the shadow(s).
shade vs shadow
shade指阳光照不到的地方,如树下或墙边的阴凉处,一般没有具体的轮廓。
Let’s sit in the shade of the tree for a while.
shadow指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成的影子,可以引申为“不良的兆头或阴影”,也可指黑暗的地方。
My friend jumped out of the shadows and tapped on my shoulders.
suspend
斜拉桥,又名吊桥(suspension bridge)指的是用缆索做桥梁主要承重结构的桥。将缆索悬挂在桥两端塔架上,桥身用细索或吊杆吊在缆索上。
2020年12月11日上午,世界首座高速铁路悬索桥——连接江苏扬州和镇江的五峰山长江大桥通车啦!大桥全长6.4公里,创七项世界之最。
推特安全账户2021年1月8日晚发文称:“在仔细审查特朗普账户最近发布的推文以及这些推文的背景后, 我们已永久停封(suspend)该帐户。”
暂停;中止;使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)to officially stop sth for a time:
The company has to suspend the space exploration project due to financial problems.
Talks between the two countries have now been suspended.
suspend vt
[正式用语] 悬;挂;吊 to hang sth from sth else:
The builders worked on wooden platforms, suspended by ropes from the roof of the building.
It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air.
sus- (up from under 从下往上) + pend (to hang 挂;悬挂) → 悬、挂
基本义:悬挂
suspend
悬、挂物体
悬、挂事情
使暂时停职(或停学等):
He was suspended from school for fighting.
【词汇拓展】
suspension n
[U][单数]暂停;中止:
the suspension of business / a meeting
The school allows a partial suspension of its rules on the last day of term.
[U] & [C] 暂令停职(或停学、停赛等):
suspension from office / school
suspension bridge
悬、挂人的职业、学业
suspend 语义网络图
悬、挂物体
悬;挂;吊
使暂时停职(或停学等)
暂停;中止
悬、挂人的职业、学业
悬、挂事情
暂停;中止;使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)
暂令停职(或停学、停赛等)
悬、挂suspend
(基本义)
suspension
submit
vt 提交;呈递:
submit an application
Please submit your reports to me before the deadline.
vt & vi[正式用语](使)屈服;(使)服从:
He submitted himself to a search by the security guards.
Derek has agreed to submit to questioning.
sub- (under 在……下) + mit (send 送) → 送到某人的管辖之下 → 提交;呈递;屈服
mit 词根记词汇
mit
发、送
admit v 容许……进入
ad- 去;进 + mit → 发送;放行 → 容许……进入
commit v(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证
com- 共同 + mit → 共同把义务等发送给某人→(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证
submit v 提交;呈递
sub- 在……下 + mit → 送到某人的管辖之下 → 提交;呈递;屈服
permit v 许可;准许
per- 通过 + mit → 送其过去、让其通过 → 许可;准许
transmit v 输送;传送
trans- 越 + mit → 输送;传送
自由来自自律。
亚里士多德说,人是被习惯所塑造的,优异的成绩来自于良好的习惯,而非一时的冲动。
discipline & self-discipline
亚里士多德(Aristotle公元前384 — 前322),古代先哲、古希腊人、世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家之一,堪称希腊哲学的集大成者。他是柏拉图的学生,亚历山大的老师。
作为一位百科全书式的科学家,他几乎对每个学科都做出了贡献。他的写作涉及伦理学、形而上学、心理学、经济学、神学、政治学、修辞学、自然科学、教育学、诗歌、风俗,以及雅典法律。亚里士多德的著作构建了西方哲学的第一个广泛系统,包含道德、美学、逻辑和科学、政治和玄学。
discipline
n
[U] 训练;管教;纪律:
The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
The book gives parents advice on discipline.
[C] 训练办法:
Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory.
[U] 自制力:
Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.
[C] [正式用语](尤指大学的)学科:
vt
惩罚;处罚:
The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.
训练;训导;管教:
a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child
自我控制;严格要求(自己):
He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
【词汇拓展】
disciplined adj 训练有素的:
a disciplined army / team
self-discipline n [U] 自我约束;自律:
To be punctual one has to have self-discipline, and the lack of it affects others. 2015 陕西
注:self- 用于构成复合名词或复合形容词,表示“自身的”“靠自身的”“为自身的”。
名词动词化
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. He angled his chair so that he could sit and watch her from a clearer angle. ______________
2. More than 100,000 people tuned in to listen to the theme tune of the TV play. ______________
3. The airplane caught fire, and the pilot and passengers exited through the emergency exit. ______________
4. The local theatre group was staging a new play. Many famous actors were on stage. ______________
斜置
收听
出去
上演
英语中有很多名词可转化为动词,常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
本单元的词根词缀
1. invisible: in-(not 不)+ vis(to see 看)+ -ible(能……的)→ 不能看见的;__________
2. telescope: tele-(far 远)+ scope(watcher 检查 / 观察用的镜)→ 看______ 观察用的镜 → __________
3. suspend: sus-(under 在下面)+ pend(to hang 挂)→ ___________ → 悬;挂;__________
4. succeed: suc-(= sub-: next to, after 在……后面)+ ceed(to go / move 走)→ 在……后面跟着 _______ → _________
看不见的
远处
挂在下面
走
望远镜
5. submit: sub-(under 在下面)+ mit(send 送)→ 送在下面;放在下面 →送到某人的管辖之下 → 提交;呈递;_________
吊
接替
屈服
正式用语与非正式用语
Informal Neutral(中性的) Formal
习惯于(做)某事 / be used to (doing) sth be ____________ to (doing) sth
解雇某人 sack sb fire sb ____________ sb
购买光盘 get a disc buy a disc ____________ a disc
快乐与悲伤 / joys and sadnesses joys and griefs / joys
and ____________
在做某事之前 / before doing sth __________ doing sth
拥有某物 / have (got) / own sth possess sth /
be in ____________ of sth
accustomed
dismiss
purchase
sorrows
prior to
possession
英语中的 metaphor(隐喻)来源于希腊语 metaphora,该词由 meta- (over) 和 pherein (to carry) 合成,合起来意思是 to carry over(拿过来)。因此,隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物,并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式,无处不在,它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。
隐喻 metaphor
单词 基本义 比喻义
cast a shadow 投射影子 蒙上一层阴影
take off 起飞 开始成功
shuttle 班车 航天飞机
angle 角 角度 / 观点
本单元隐喻典型词
随堂检测
shadow
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The children were having fun, chasing each other’s shadows.
________
2. He didn’t want to cast a shadow on their happiness.
________
3. I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows. ________
4. Kate grew up in the shadow of her film star sister. ________
影子
给……蒙上一层阴影
阴暗处
在……的阴影下
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. ___________
2. Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out. ___________
3. Dave was suspended from school for a week. ___________
4. Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident.
___________
悬;挂;吊
暂停 / 中止
被停学
被停职
suspend
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. All applications must be submitted by Monday. ___________
2. Derek has agreed to submit to questioning. ___________
3. In conclusion, I submit that the proposal will not work out without some major changes. ___________
提交
接受讯问
主张 / 认为
submit
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax. ___________
2. It took him a lot of hard work and discipline to make the Olympic team. ___________
3. She keeps good discipline in class. ___________
4. We’re looking for people from a wide range of disciplines. ___________
5. Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself. ___________
训练方法
自制力
纪律
学科
自我控制
discipline
谢
谢
观
赏