外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit6 Space and beyond五年高考练（有答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册 Unit6 Space and beyond五年高考练（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-07 14:57:21 | ||
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Unit6 五年高考练
阅读理解
（2019课标全国Ⅱ，D）
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow ontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms，like the one science teachers gene gordon and donna himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years，Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they’re close to a solution（解决方案）. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers, ” says Florence Gold，a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and. it’s not a very nice thing at times It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact. (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach. ” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1. what do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A. They are hard to get rid of.
B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear in different forms.
D. They damage the instruments.
2. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A. To strengthen teacher-Student relationships.
B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education
3. What do the ASA engineers do for the students in the program
A. Check their product.
B. Guide project designs.
C. Adjust work schedules.
D. Grade their homework.
4. What is the best title for the text ANAS.
A. The home of astronauts.
B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature. An Outdoor Classroom.
D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform.
B
（2018北京，B）
Find Your Adventure at the
Space and Aviation（航空）Center
If you’re looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Center（SAC）is the place to be The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC with many seeking employment in engineering aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp，wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.
For the trainees，the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges（荣誉徽章）. At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated（模拟）flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit（驾驶舱）of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their wilderness survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.
With all the programs，teamwork is key trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together，too，with family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.
Stay an hour or stay a week--there is something here for everyone.
For more details，please visit us online at www oursac. com.
5. Why do people come to SAC
A. To experience adventures.
B. To look for jobs in aviation.
C. To get a degree in engineering.
D. To learn more about medicine.
6. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to______.
A. fly to space.
B. get an Aviation badge first.
C. study the principles of flight.
D. build and fire model rockets.
7. what is the most important for trainees
A. Leadership.
B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning.
D. Survival skills.
II. 七选五
（2020浙江1月）
Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
1 For example farmers who produce the food we eat，use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want. but this is not the case for many people around the world 2 That’s around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhoea（腹泻）from dirty water. That’s around 1，400 children every day Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 3 Therefore，they don’t have time to learn how to read or write and don t get an education.
4 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK. children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 5 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water related problems.
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water they can’t go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that march 22nd is the world day for water.
G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】本文体裁为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为科技发展。美国国家航空航天局创办了一个名为 HUNCH的项目，一群高中生在项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。
1. A 推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些？根据题干中的关键词 bacteria in the International Space Station可定位至第一段。根据第一段中Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 可知，国际空间站的细菌非常难处理，所以选择A项。B：它们导致空气污染；C：它们以不同的形式出现；D：它们毁坏仪器。
2. D 细节理解题。本题题干意为：HUNCH项目的目的是什么？第二段第一句 HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. （HUNCH的设计目的是将高中教室与NASA的工程师联系在一起。）中的 high school classrooms与D选项中的 school education（学校教育）对应，NASA engineers与D选项中的 space technology（空间技术）对应，故选D。A：为了加强师生关系；B：为了提升学生的交流技能；C：为了让学生体验失重。
3. A 推理判断题。本题题干意为：NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么？根据题干中的 NASA engineers do可定位至第三段的 Engineers come and really do an in-person review，and. it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product，句中两次出现 review（检查，审查），证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查，所以答案是A项。B：指导项目设计；C：调整工作时间表；D：给他们的作业打分。
4. B 主旨大意题。本题题干意为：最适合本文的标题是什么？本文主要介绍 HUNCH项目，这个项目是有关太空研究的，而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知，最佳选项是B项（Space：The Final Homework Frontier），Space对应太空研究Homework对应高中教育，Frontier（前沿）突出了这个项目的领先性。A:NASA：The Home of Astronauts，文章并非重点介绍NASA；C：Nature：An Outdoor Classroom，Nature并不聚焦太空领域；D：HUNCH：a College admission reform，HUNCH项目不是大学入学改革。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍在太空航空中心的一些活动，人们在这里可以通过动手操作和团队合作体验冒险。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话（如果你想寻求独特的冒险，太空航空中心是一个好地方。）可知答案选A。
6. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话（在太空训练营，参加培训的人员在建造和发射火箭模型，了解太空任务并和来自世界各地的工作人员一起尝试太空模拟飞行时，能够贏得太空探索徽章。）可知选D。
7. B 细节理解题。根据第四段（在所有的课程中，当参加培训的人员在学习领导能力的重要性和参与更大的任务时，团队合作是很关键的。）可知选B。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明在很多国家，洁净的饮用水来之不易。
1. A 此空作为段首句，起承上启下的作用。第一段讲了人和水的直接关系，第二段讲的是水在生活中的用途，是人和水之间的间接关系。故选A。
2. E 根据空前提到的“并不是全世界很多人都能喝到干净的水”，空后一句提到的“这大概是世界十分之一的人口”，可知，前面一句应该涉及人口数量，故选E。
3. D 空前一句提到“在一些国家，孩子们要步行很远才能取到水”和空后“因此，他们没有时间学习读书写字，不能接受教育”，可知此空承上启下，说明孩子们不能上学的原因是每天要花很多时间去取水。
4. F 由空后的 this day可知选F。
5. G 空前提到“在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子们带着6升水步行6公里”，可知这是在效仿取水困难地区的孩子们，人们以这种方式让孩子们体会去很远的地方取水的艰难，让孩子们知道洁净水的珍贵。
阅读理解
（2019课标全国Ⅱ，D）
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow ontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms，like the one science teachers gene gordon and donna himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport，New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years，Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they’re close to a solution（解决方案）. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers, ” says Florence Gold，a project manager.
“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal ’ Basically it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and. it’s not a very nice thing at times It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact. (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach. ” And that annoying bacteria Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
1. what do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station
A. They are hard to get rid of.
B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear in different forms.
D. They damage the instruments.
2. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program
A. To strengthen teacher-Student relationships.
B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education
3. What do the ASA engineers do for the students in the program
A. Check their product.
B. Guide project designs.
C. Adjust work schedules.
D. Grade their homework.
4. What is the best title for the text ANAS.
A. The home of astronauts.
B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.
C. Nature. An Outdoor Classroom.
D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform.
B
（2018北京，B）
Find Your Adventure at the
Space and Aviation（航空）Center
If you’re looking for a unique adventure，the Space and Aviation Center（SAC）is the place to be The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.
More than 750，000 have graduated from SAC with many seeking employment in engineering aviation，education，medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp，wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.
For the trainees，the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges（荣誉徽章）. At Space Camp，trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets，learn about space tasks and try simulated（模拟）flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit（驾驶舱）of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their wilderness survival badge as they learn about water-and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of a “downed” pilot.
With all the programs，teamwork is key trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.
All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together，too，with family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.
Stay an hour or stay a week--there is something here for everyone.
For more details，please visit us online at www oursac. com.
5. Why do people come to SAC
A. To experience adventures.
B. To look for jobs in aviation.
C. To get a degree in engineering.
D. To learn more about medicine.
6. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to______.
A. fly to space.
B. get an Aviation badge first.
C. study the principles of flight.
D. build and fire model rockets.
7. what is the most important for trainees
A. Leadership.
B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning.
D. Survival skills.
II. 七选五
（2020浙江1月）
Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
1 For example farmers who produce the food we eat，use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want. but this is not the case for many people around the world 2 That’s around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhoea（腹泻）from dirty water. That’s around 1，400 children every day Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 3 Therefore，they don’t have time to learn how to read or write and don t get an education.
4 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK. children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 5 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water related problems.
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water they can’t go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that march 22nd is the world day for water.
G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
参考答案：
Ⅰ.
【语篇解读】本文体裁为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为科技发展。美国国家航空航天局创办了一个名为 HUNCH的项目，一群高中生在项目中研究如何杀死国际空间站的细菌。本文侧重培养学生的思维品质。
1. A 推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些？根据题干中的关键词 bacteria in the International Space Station可定位至第一段。根据第一段中Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station，so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 可知，国际空间站的细菌非常难处理，所以选择A项。B：它们导致空气污染；C：它们以不同的形式出现；D：它们毁坏仪器。
2. D 细节理解题。本题题干意为：HUNCH项目的目的是什么？第二段第一句 HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. （HUNCH的设计目的是将高中教室与NASA的工程师联系在一起。）中的 high school classrooms与D选项中的 school education（学校教育）对应，NASA engineers与D选项中的 space technology（空间技术）对应，故选D。A：为了加强师生关系；B：为了提升学生的交流技能；C：为了让学生体验失重。
3. A 推理判断题。本题题干意为：NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么？根据题干中的 NASA engineers do可定位至第三段的 Engineers come and really do an in-person review，and. it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product，句中两次出现 review（检查，审查），证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查，所以答案是A项。B：指导项目设计；C：调整工作时间表；D：给他们的作业打分。
4. B 主旨大意题。本题题干意为：最适合本文的标题是什么？本文主要介绍 HUNCH项目，这个项目是有关太空研究的，而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知，最佳选项是B项（Space：The Final Homework Frontier），Space对应太空研究Homework对应高中教育，Frontier（前沿）突出了这个项目的领先性。A:NASA：The Home of Astronauts，文章并非重点介绍NASA；C：Nature：An Outdoor Classroom，Nature并不聚焦太空领域；D：HUNCH：a College admission reform，HUNCH项目不是大学入学改革。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍在太空航空中心的一些活动，人们在这里可以通过动手操作和团队合作体验冒险。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话（如果你想寻求独特的冒险，太空航空中心是一个好地方。）可知答案选A。
6. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话（在太空训练营，参加培训的人员在建造和发射火箭模型，了解太空任务并和来自世界各地的工作人员一起尝试太空模拟飞行时，能够贏得太空探索徽章。）可知选D。
7. B 细节理解题。根据第四段（在所有的课程中，当参加培训的人员在学习领导能力的重要性和参与更大的任务时，团队合作是很关键的。）可知选B。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明在很多国家，洁净的饮用水来之不易。
1. A 此空作为段首句，起承上启下的作用。第一段讲了人和水的直接关系，第二段讲的是水在生活中的用途，是人和水之间的间接关系。故选A。
2. E 根据空前提到的“并不是全世界很多人都能喝到干净的水”，空后一句提到的“这大概是世界十分之一的人口”，可知，前面一句应该涉及人口数量，故选E。
3. D 空前一句提到“在一些国家，孩子们要步行很远才能取到水”和空后“因此，他们没有时间学习读书写字，不能接受教育”，可知此空承上启下，说明孩子们不能上学的原因是每天要花很多时间去取水。
4. F 由空后的 this day可知选F。
5. G 空前提到“在英国的一所学校，10到15岁的孩子们带着6升水步行6公里”，可知这是在效仿取水困难地区的孩子们，人们以这种方式让孩子们体会去很远的地方取水的艰难，让孩子们知道洁净水的珍贵。