安徽省当涂名校中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题

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安徽省当涂名校中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题
一、听力题（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）Where does this conversation probably take place
A．At home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital.
2．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What will the woman do
A．Go shopping. B．Catch the train. C．See the man off.
3．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A book. B．A dinner. C．A phone call.
4．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）Who made the apple pie
A．The woman's mother.
B．The woman's daughter.
C．The woman.
5．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What makes the man in good shape
A．Regular exercise.
B．A healthy eating habit.
C．A strict plan for running.
二、听力题(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）听录音，回答问题。
6．When will the speakers meet Mr. Peterson in their college
A．Next week. B．Next month. C．Next year.
7．What does the man think of Mr. Peterson's lecture
A．Humorous. B．Hard. C．Interesting.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
8．What does the man take with him
A．Two large backpacks (背包).
B．A large bag and two small ones.
C．A large backpack and a small bag.
9．Which seat will the man take
A．One in the middle.
B．One in the left row.
C．One next to the window.
10．When will the plane take off
A．At 8:00. B．At 8:15. C．At 8:50.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
11．What did the woman buy at the market
A．Some animals.
B．Many paper-cuts.
C．Books of folk stories.
12．What is the main theme of Chinese paper-cuts in the woman's opinion
A．Animals. B．Plants. C．Characters.
13．Why does the woman want to buy more paper-cuts
A．To collect them herself.
B．To give them to her friends.
C．To make her house attractive.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
14．What's the relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Neighbours. C．Colleagues.
15．Where did the woman buy the tea set
A．In a tea house. B．In a grocery store. C．In a shopping mall.
16．What can the speakers do near their neighbourhood
A．Do exercise in the gym.
B．Read in the library.
C．Go to the cinema.
17．What does the man feel about living there
A．Disappointed. B．Uncomfortable. C．Satisfied.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
18．What is the date next Tuesday
A．May 12th. B．May 11th. C．May 10th.
19．When will there be rain probably according to the programme
A．On Monday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Sunday.
20．What will the temperature probably be at the weekend
A．25℃. B．8℃. C．5℃.
三、阅读 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
With all the recent concern about the environment，people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They've been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website worldwildlife.org, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they've been around since 1888, focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You choose to donate through the website nationalgeographic.com, buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf.org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology
Set up in 1976, Ecology is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.
21．Which environmental organization has the longest history
A．Ecology . B．World Wildlife Fund.
C．National Geographic Society. D．National Wildlife Federation.
22．What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection
A．Knowledge. B．Management. C．Money. D．Patience.
23．In what way does Ecology differ from the other three organizations
A．The size of networks. B．The way of operation.
C．The strength of influence. D．The degree of popularity.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
I start my workday early, parking myself in front of my
home computer and often forgetting to get up for hours. But one thing I try to
do every day is take a ten-minute walk around midday.
Walking at lunchtime is a smart thing to do, a new study
finds. This doesn't seem like news. After all, we've known forever that doing
exercise is good for us. But as The New York Times points out, those fitness
studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run. This new study looks at changes that happen
more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.
For the study, researchers gathered a group of mostly
sedentary(久坐的)
office workers in the UK. All were out of shape, but otherwise emotionally and
physically healthy. Researchers asked them to take 30-minute lunchtime walks,
three days a week for 10 weeks. The volunteers were also asked to install apps
on their phones, so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions
after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the
volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings
about everything from stress and tension to motivation.
When the researchers compared the volunteers' answers on
the afternoons when they walked to those on the afternoons they didn't walk,
there was quite a difference. On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the
volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed
compared with the days when they didn't walk.
Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the
volunteers didn't believe they'd be able to continue walking once the study
ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks. It's
an understandable response, but a sad one.
24．How does the new study differ from other fitness studies
A．It calls on people to have a walk after lunch.
B．It focuses on the short-term effects of walking.
C．It mainly pays attention to sedentary office workers.
D．It aims at studying the relationship between exercise and health.
25．Why were the volunteers required to install apps on their phones
A．To record their time spent online.
B．To know how long they walked.
C．To prevent them from getting lost.
D．To respond to the researchers' questions.
26．What is the finding of the new study
A．Lunchtime walks can soon improve people's mood.
B．Office workers usually have little time to go for a walk.
C．A sedentary lifestyle is linked to an increased risk of disease.
D．Walking brings more advantages to people than other exercise.
27．What can we infer about the volunteers from the last paragraph
A．They will spend more time walking.
B．Some of them tend to be more outgoing.
C．Most of them will perform better at work.
D．They may stop lunchtime walks due to work pressure.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
A ship has used autonomous (自主的) sailing technology to complete a
trip across world oceans for the first time. The Mayflower Autonomous Ship is a
completely autonomous ocean research ship powered by artificial intelligence
(AI) technology.
The Mayflower recently completed a five-week trip across the
Atlantic Ocean without any humans on board. It set off from the British port of
Plymouth on April 27 and arrived in the eastern Canadian city of Halifax on
June 5. The 15-meter Mayflower is named after a ship that carried a group of
European settlers from Plymouth to No.0rth America more than 400 years ago.
That famous trip, in 1620, prepared the way for Britain's colonization (殖民) of what Europeans called the New
World.
The Mayflower experienced breakdowns on its latest trip,
as well as an earlier attempt to cross the Atlantic. The first attempt, in June
2021, was called off after a breakdown forced the ship to return to Plymouth.
Later, during the latest trip, a problem with the ship's power system led
project organizers to send the ship to Portugal's Azores in the mid-Atlantic. A
team member was flown to the area to perform repairs.
More troubles came in late May when the Mayflower
developed another power issue. That trouble was also repaired. But the team
decided to send the ship on a new path to Halifax. Experts say AI is getting
much better at helping self- sailing ships understand their surroundings and
pilot themselves. But most autonomous systems cannot repair themselves when the
engine fails. The Mayflower is equipped with instruments designed to measure
the health of ocean water. Such ships could be used to probe into parts
of oceans that are too difficult for people to reach.
28．What can we learn about the Mayflower Autonomous Ship
A．It sailed by itself.
B．It is over 400 years old.
C．It is named after the latest ship.
D．It carried Europeans in the 16th century.
29．What happened to the Mayflower Autonomous Ship on its first Atlantic Ocean voyage
A．It set off from America.
B．It turned back halfway.
C．It received repairs on the scene.
D．It reached its destination smoothly.
30．What made the Mayflower fail to complete its sailing several times
A．The misuse of AI.
B．Some machine failures.
C．Some experts' suggestions.
D．The wrong choice of sailing course.
31．What does the underlined phrase "probe into" in the last paragraph mean
A．Move. B．Drag. C．Improve. D．Explore.
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
Kindness is seen as a true strength, and the success of
civilizations relies on kindness. As parents and teachers, we also teach
children from a young age to "be kind to one another" and "treat
others the way you want to be treated."
In addition to being helpful to our interpersonal
relationships, research has shown that kindness can even contribute to our
well-being. According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the
pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing
hormone(激素)
.Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction.
And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person.
There can be a positive contagion(扩散) effect, where
other people are motivated to be nice if they receive a random act of kindness.
The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such
clear benefits Let's think about this in the workplace or in an organization.
You are the new person on the team and you want to be
well-liked and respected by your colleagues. You are a kind person and tell
your team, "Let me know how I can help you; I'm always available to
help." Though you may truly mean this, there are unfortunately people in
this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being
taken advantage of by others.
Let's fast forward a year. You have been in your position
now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that
your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. In fact, the
only time they communicate with you is when they need something. You have been
so helpful to your colleagues and there has rarely been any return from them.
In a very broad sense, it is advantageous to be kind to
others, and your kind acts will be appreciated and, perhaps, paid forward.
However, you need to be willing to say "no". Recognize when your
plate is already too full. When people ask you a favor, assess if you have
the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes
you need to be more comfortable saying "no" to others and saying
"yes" to yourself.
32．What has the Mayo Clinic found concerning kindness
A．It does good to our mind.
B．It reduces hormone levels.
C．It adds years to people's life.
D．It leads to the success of civilizations.
33．What might the new person mentioned in paragraph3 feel one year later
A．Grateful. B．Satisfied. C．Disappointed. D．Energetic.
34．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean
A．When you're too full to eat anything.
B．When your kind acts get appreciated.
C．When you should ask others a favor.
D．When you're physically and mentally tired.
35．What can be the best title for the text
A．Your kindness counts for your well-being!
B．Are we tiring ourselves with kindness
C．Why are random acts of kindness important
D．Never underestimate the power of kindness at work!
四、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. 　36． 　. But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts. 　37． 　, the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed(扰乱) by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive. Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help:
　38． 　. Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle any material you can. 　39． 　. Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment. 　40． 　. You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It's important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A. Share your space B. If you ever want to see it C. But if one part is taken away D. We depend on each other for food and survival E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
五、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）完形填空
It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul
and Renee. I was about 13. Paul was the same 41． as
me, his sister Renee was two years younger, and they lived in France. I was
keen(热衷的)on learning
languages, so I was 42． when my French teacher assigned(分配)us pen pals.
It was quite a(n) 43． to get a letter from a foreign country,
so I 44． receiving their reply. They weren't good
at English, so after six months, we were all writing in 45． , which helped me acquire a good
knowledge of the language.
I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to 46． them.
The family 47． me well, and I visited several times in
the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she 48． me up at the station, and we hit it off
straight away.
I never got to meet Paul. Renee wrote to me and 49． me
that he had died shortly after joining the army. Renee and I continued writing
to each other, and our friendship became 50． .
We talked about our families, our 51． and our troubles in life. After that I
moved to South Africa for a while, married, had children, and changed jobs.
Throughout all this, we 52． writing letters.
I'm 93 now and I still write to Renee. She has difficulty
writing now, so she phones me to 53． . Most people don't seem to have the 54． for
letters anymore, but it gives me great pleasure to write. And this is the most
valuable 55． I have ever had.
41．A．Interest B．dream C．height D．age
42．A．frightened B．pleased C．awkward D．annoyed
43．A．arrangement B．thing C．problem D．debate
44．A．looked forward to B．was attracted
C．signed up for D．took control of
45．A．Spain B．English C．French D．German
46．A．help B．praise C．check D．meet
47．A．treated B．fitted C．knew D．protected
48．A．picked B．called C．brought D．held
49．A．assured B．informed C．contacted D．calmed
50．A．calmer B．deeper C．flatter D．shorter
51．A．memories B．kids C．organizations D．hobbies
52．A．kept B．stopped C．avoided D．recommended
53．A．explore B．remember C．revise D．reply
54．A．request B．concern C．time D．place
55．A．adventure B．tradition C．friendship D．trip
六、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a world that is full of different kinds of colors, red quite stands out. In China, people call this color China Red, 　56． 　 has become a quite popular expression 　57． 　 (catch) the world's attention.
This expression fully shows Chinese people's special love for red. So why are the Chinese really fond of it One reason 　58． 　 (lie) in the color's rich meaning in Chinese history and 　59． 　(tradition) culture. In ancient China, red　60． 　 (regard) as a symbol of health, energy, happiness, hope and so on. Now red things can be 　61． 　 (common) found across the nation, for example red lanterns. People can find red lanterns across China, especially during 　62． 　 (festival) and holidays. During the Spring Festival, people will see red lanterns hanging on 　63． 　 front gates of houses and stores, trees, etc. Besides red lanterns, things 　64． 　 Spring Festival couplets (对联) and invitations are also often red.
In a word, red is popular in China and it's more than just a color. It carries the rich culture of this nation. And you're welcome　65． 　 (feel) and discover it in China.
七、写作(共两节，满分40分)
66．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的美国交换生Jim即将返回自己的国家。请你给他写一封邮件，内容如下：
1）表示感谢；
2）回顾Jim对你的帮助；
3）表达对他的美好祝愿。
注意：词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Jim,
67．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Time to get up. It's your birthday." Alex
opened his eyes and looked up. His parents were standing next to his bed
holding breakfast . "We can do anything you want today," said his
mom.
He jumped up to get dressed as quickly as he could,
already imagining what kind of day he would have at the beach. He had always
dreamed about playing in the sand and jumping in the waves. He nearly tripped (绊倒) as he ran down the stairs on his way
to the kitchen.
Alex's dad asked him what he wanted to do today. "The
beach," he shouted with joy.
The expression on his mom's face changed from joy to
sadness. She knew the one place that he would not go was the beach. When her
husband had been a young boy of Alex's age, he had a terrifying experience at
the beach. Alex's dad shook off his initial (最初的) shock of hearing his son's plan.
"How about we go to the zoo instead " he
suggested. "The beach is over two hours away."
"But dad, I've wanted to go to the beach my WHOLE
life," Alex pleaded(恳求).
"Son, I'm sorry, but we are not going to the beach
and that's final."
They ended up driving to the zoo. It was an exciting day,
but Alex could not get the beach out of his mind. He yearned to build a
sandcastle, swim in the ocean and chase the incoming and outgoing waves. The
beach seemed like the best place on earth.
Over the next few weeks, he dreamed about it almost every
night. Any free moment he had was spent filling his room with pictures and
drawings of beaches. He repeatedly pleaded with his mom to help him convince
his dad to take them to the beach. Each time she explained that they could do
other things as a family, just not the beach.
One night, Alex received what he thought was good news.
His dad was going on a three-day business trip the next day. "This is an
opportunity," he thought to himself.
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。
The next morning, seeing his
dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother.
Hours later, as Alex looked
out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw(下巴)dropped.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
【答案】8．C
9．C
10．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8．
9．
10．
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
11．
12．
13．
【答案】14．B
15．C
16．A
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
14．
15．
16．
17．
【答案】18．A
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
18．
19．
20．
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了了四个著名的环保组织。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据文章内容可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据 National Wildlife Federation (NWF) 部分中的“In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.”可知，NWF认为，让公众 受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。所以说，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。故选A。
23．考查推理判断。根据 Ecology 部分中的“The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.”可知，是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式 运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。可推断，与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。故选B。
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现在午餐后，短暂的散步是一件明智的事情，这能快速改善你的情绪。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But as The New York Times points out, those fitness studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run.”但正如《纽约时报》指出的那样，这些健身研究通常着眼于长期锻炼计划的影响；以及“This new study looks at changes that happen more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.”这项新研究着眼于发生得更快的变化，从一天到第二天，甚至从这个小时到下一个小时。可知，该研究主要是关注的是散步对一个人在每天之间甚至是每个小时间的发生的变化，也就是对人们的短期影响。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The volunteers were also asked to install apps on their phones, so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings about everything from stress and tension to motivation.”志愿者还被要求在手机上安装应用程序，以便研究人员可以在志愿者走路后向他们发送问题。然后，研究人员使用这些答案来判断志愿者对生活和工作的感受，并衡量他们对从压力和紧张到动机等一切事物的感受。可知，志愿者要求安装app是为了在散步后发送问题给志愿者，让他们回答，然后根据他们的回答做出分析和判断。故选D。
26．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed versus(与………相对) on the days when they didn't walk. ”在午餐时间散步的日子里，志愿者们说，与不走路的日子相比，他们感到压力更小，更有活力，更放松。可知，午餐时间散步与不散步的日子进行比较发现，午餐后散步可以让他们感觉压力变小，精力更充沛，更轻松，所以说，午餐散步能改变人的情绪。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the volunteers didn't believe they'd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks.”不幸的是，研究人员表示，许多志愿者认为一旦研究结束，他们就不能继续餐后散步，主要是因为他们需要在午休时间工作。可知，志愿者认为在研究结束后，他们可能在午餐休息时间去工作，而不是继续餐后散步，可推断，志愿者很可能由于工作原因而停止午餐后散步。故选D。
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．B
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，"五月花号自动驾驶船"是一艘由人工智能(AI) 驱动的完全自主的海洋科考船，它最近使用自主航行技术完成了跨越世界大洋的航行。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"A ship has used autonomous (自主的) sailing technology to complete a trip across world oceans for the first time."一艘船首次使用自主航行技术完成了跨越世界海洋的航行；以及第二段中的"The Mayflower recently completed a five- week trip across the Atlantic Ocean without any humans on board.""五月花"号最近完成了为期五周的横渡大西洋之旅，船上没有任何人。可知，"五月花号自动驾驶船"是一艘无人驾驶的海洋科考船，它最近使用自主航行技术完成了跨越大西洋的航行。故选A。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The first attempt, in June 2021, was called off after a breakdown forced the ship to return to Plymouth."第一次尝试是在2021年6月，在一次故障迫使该船返回Plymouth后被取消。可知，该船的第一次大西洋航行中途因故障返回了。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"during the latest trip, a problem with the ship's power system led project organizers to send the ship to Portugal's Azores in the mid-Atlantic."在最近的一次航行中，该船的电力系统出现了问题，导致项目组织者将该船送往大西洋中部的葡萄牙亚速尔群岛；以及第四段中的"More troubles came in late May when the Mayflower developed another power issue. "五月底，"五月花"号又出现了电力问题，麻烦接踵而至。可知，"五月花号自动驾驶船"在几次航行中出现了一些机器故障。故选B。
31．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"The Mayflower is equipped with instruments designed to measure the health of ocean water. Such ships could be used to probe into parts of oceans that are too difficult for people to reach.""五月花"号上配备了用来测量海水健康状况的仪器。这种船可以用来探测人类难以到达的海洋区域。可知，对于人们难以到达的一些海洋区域，"五月花"因配有相关设备，是可以被用来探测的，可推知probe into意为"探索"。故选D。
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文；标题选择题
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了善良被视为一种真正的力量，父母和老师教导我们善待他人，善意有如此明显的好处，它会对我们有害吗？当人们要求帮忙时，要评估自己是否有时间、精力和注意力给他们。要更自在地对别人说"不"，对自己说"是"。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing hormone Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction. And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person."根据梅奥诊所的说法，当我们进行善举时，我们大脑中的快乐中心被激活，释放减压激素定期志愿服务的人报告更高的生活满意度。更重要的是，善良很少只停留在一个人身上。可知，实行善举可以激活大脑中的快乐，释放压力和提高生活满意度，即对我们的大脑是有好处的。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Though you may truly mean this, there are unfortunately people in this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others."虽然你可能真的是这个意思，但不幸的是，这个世界上有些人可以将你的善良视为一种弱点。这可能会导致你被别人利用；以及第四段中的"Let's fast forward a year. You have been in your position now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. "让我们快进一年。你现在已经在你的职位上工作了一年，你正在与同一个团队合作。你注意到你的同事一遍又一遍地向你寻求帮助。可知，新人一年后可能会被别人利用，会受到伤害，即会失望。故选C。
34．考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的"When people ask you a favor, assess if you have the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying ‘no' to others and saying ‘yes' to yourself."当人们要求你帮忙时，评估你是否有时间、精力和注意力给他们。要真正善良，有时你需要更自在地对别人说"不"，对自己说"是"，可知，在决定是否帮助别人时，要看自己是否有时间、精力和注意力，以此推测划线句子指的是要意识到自己是否有时间、精力和注意力，即要意识到自己是否身心疲惫。故选D。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such clear benefits Let's think about this in the workplace or in an organization."那么问题来了：当善良有如此明显的好处时，它会对我们有害吗？让我们在工作场所或组织中考虑这个问题；以及全文可知，本文主要在讲做善事对我们是否有坏处，"我们是不是因为善良而累了？"最适合做本文的标题。故选B。
【答案】36．G；37．C；38．A；39．E；40．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇环保类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study."你自己的后院可能是一个好玩的地方。你可以爬树，研究昆虫。可知，在后院，你可以近距离的接触动植物，可以做很多的事，承接上文， G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun "也许你可以听到鸟在唱歌或者看见宠物猫在太阳下睡觉"是在后院接触动物的例子。故选G。
37．根据空前"Every part of the world has food chains "世界的每一部分都有食物链，可知，上文讲食物链的每一部分都很重要；以及空后"the whole chain could fall apart."整个食物链可能会垮掉，可知，下文讲在某种情况下导致的坏结果，那么，空格处就应该是条件或者假设，承接上下文， C. But if one part is taken away "但是，如果食物链中的一部分缺失"符合语境，故选C。
38．根据空后"Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live."使你的后院成为一个其它生物都喜欢的地方。种植更多的花和树。最重要的是，尽量不要打扰其他动物居住的地方。可知，你要和这些生物和平共处，不要干扰它们的生活，说明要与动植物分享空间，承接下文， A. Share your space "共享你的空间"符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空前"Do not pollute the environment. Recycle any material you can."不要污染环境。尽可能回收任何材料；以及空后"Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe."公路上如果小汽车少就意味着我们可以呼吸较新鲜的空气。可知，上文作者建议不要污染环境，还进行了举例说明，下文讲汽车少的好结果，可得出为了不污染环境、呼吸较新鲜的空气，可以少开车，用其它更环保的方式出行，减少污染，承接上下文， E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go "你需要做的是骑自行车或者走路"符合语境，故选E。
40．根据空前"Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment."不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境；以及空后"You may even pass it on to your own children someday."有一天，你甚至可以将这个传递给你自己的孩子。可知，正确的观念（即不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境，需要发扬光大。 F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends "你可以将这个信息传递给父母和朋友"也是对正确观念的肯定，F项使用You can then pass…; 下文使用You may even pass…，故选F。
【答案】41．D；42．B；43．B；44．A；45．C；46．D；47．A；48．A；49．B；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．C；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，他们住在法国。A. interest"兴趣"；B. dream"梦想"；C. height"身高"；D. age"年龄"。根据上文"I was about 13."以及下文"his sister Renee was two years younger"可推知，此处为保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，都是在讲年龄的事情。故选D。
42．句意：我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。A. frightened"害怕的"；B. pleased"高兴的"；C. awkward"难堪的"；D. annoyed"生气的"。根据空前" I was keen(热衷的)on learning languages "可知，此处为我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。故选B。
43．句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. arrangement"安排"；B. thing"事情"；C. problem"问题"；D. debate"争论"。根据空后"to get a letter from a foreign country"可知，这是一件事情，可推知，此处为收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。故选B。
44．句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. looked forward to"期待"；B. was attracted to"被吸引到"；C. signed up for"报名"；D. took control of"控制"。 根据上文提到收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，可知，此处为所以我期待着收到他们的回信。符合上下文逻辑。故选A。
45．句意：他们不擅长英语，所以六个月后，我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。A. Spain"西班牙语"；B. English"英语"；C. French"法语"；D. German"德语"。根据上文"they lived in France"住在法国，以及空前"They weren't good at English"可推知，此处为我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。故选C。
46．句意：1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。A. help"帮助"；B. praise"赞扬"；C. check"检查"；D. meet"会见"。根据下文"and I visited several times in the years that followed."可推知，此处为1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。故选D。
47．句意：这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。A. treated"对待"；B. fitted"适应"；C. knew"知道"；D. protected"保护"。根据句意以及空后"and I visited several times in the years that followed."可推知，此处为这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。故选A。
48．句意：我第一次见到蕾妮时，她去车站接我，我们一见如故。A. picked"接，搭载"；B. called"打电话"；C. brought"带来"；D. held"握住，举起"。根据空后"at the station"可知，此处为她去车站接我，我们一见如故。故选A。
49．句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在参军后不久就去世了。A. assured"确保"；B. informed"通知"；C. contacted"联系"；D. calmed"使平静"。根据空后"that he had died shortly after joining the army."可知，此处为告诉的事情。故选B。
50．句意：蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。A. calmer"更平静的"；B. deeper"更深的"；C. flatter"更平的"；D. shorter"更短的"。根据空前"Renee and I continued writing to each other"可知，此处为蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。故选B。
51．句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。A. memories"回忆"；B. kids"孩子"；C. organizations"组织"；D. hobbies"爱好"。根据句意以及空后"our families"和"our troubles in life"可推知，此处为我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。故选D。
52．句意：在这期间，我们一直在写信。A. kept"保持"；B. stopped"停止"；C. avoided"避免"；D. recommended"推荐"。根据空前"Throughout all this"以及下文"I'm 93 now and I still write to Renee."可知，此处为在这期间，我们一直在写信。故选A。
53．句意：她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。A. explore"探索"；B. remember"记得"；C. revise"改正"；D. reply"回复"。根据空前"She has difficulty writing now"可知，此处为她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。故选D。
54．句意：大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。A. request"要求"；B. concern"担心"；C. time"时间"；D. place"地方"。根据句意和语境可知，此处为大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。故选C。
55．句意：这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。A. adventure"冒险"；B. tradition"传统"；C. friendship"友谊"；D. trip"旅行"。通篇文章可知，文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊，以及上文的"Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our friendship became..."提示可知，此处为这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。故选C。
【答案】56．which；57．catching；58．lies；59．traditional；60．was regarded；61．commonly；62．festivals；63．the；64．like；65．to feel
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。红色受到中国人的喜爱，在中国，它不仅仅是一种颜色，还承载着丰富的文化内涵，作者具体介绍了红色在中国文化中所蕴含的意义。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，形容词，语态，副词，名词，冠词，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种相当流行的正在引起全世界注意的表达方式。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词"China Red"，应为关系词，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
57．句意：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种相当流行的正在引起全世界注意的表达方式。由句中谓语"has become"可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰"a quite popular expression"，并与其形成主动关系；结合句意，应用现在分词形式。故填catching。
58．句意：原因之一是红色在中国历史和传统文化中有着丰富的意义。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语；根据上一句的"shows"和本句句意，应用一般现在时，表达客观事实；主语是"One reason"，故谓语动词应为单数。故填lies。
59．句意：原因之一是红色在中国历史和传统文化中有着丰富的意义。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词culture。故填traditional。
60．句意：在中国古代，红色被认为是健康、活力、幸福、希望等的象征。此处应为谓语；根据时间状语In ancient China可知，应用一般过去时；主语是red，与regard之间形成被动关系，应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was regarded。
61．句意：现在红色的东西在全国都很常见，比如红灯笼。分析句子可知，此处应为副词，作状语修饰谓语can be found，故填commonly。
62．句意：人们在中国各地都能看到红灯笼，尤其是在节假日期间。根据空处前介词during可知，此处应为名词形式，作宾语；由并列名词holidays及句意可知，应用名词复数形式。故填festivals。
63．句意：在春节期间，人们会看到红色的灯笼挂在房子和商店的前门、树上等。此处应为冠词，作定语修饰名词短语front gates of houses and stores，特指"房子和商店的前门"，应用定冠词the。故填the。
64．句意：除了红灯笼，像春联和请柬之类的东西也经常是红色的。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，后接名词短语"Spring Festival couplets and invitations"，作定语修饰"things"，根据句意"像"，应用介词like。故填like。
65．句意：欢迎你来中国感受并了解它。sb be welcome to do sth，固定短语，"欢迎某人做某事"，故填to feel。
66．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Learning that you're leaving for America soon, I'm writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.
Honestly speaking, it's so nice of you to offer me so many practical English learning skills. Without your professional guidance, I could't have made such unbelievable progress in English. Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiam for English and makes me regain confidence. No words can strong enough to convey how grateful I am.
Thanks again and wish you a pleasant journey home.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封邮件 。写作背景： 经常帮助你学习英语的美国交换生Jim即将返回自己的国家。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表示感谢；2）回顾Jim对你的帮助；3）表达对他的美好祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Learning that you're leaving for America soon, I'm writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Honestly speaking, it's so nice of you to offer me so many practical English learning skills. 运用了it作形式主语；Without your professional guidance, I could't have made such unbelievable progress in English. 运用了虚拟语气；Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiam for English and makes me regain confidence. 运用了时间状语从句，非限制性定语从句；No words can strong enough to convey how grateful I am.运用了宾语从句。
67．【答案】One possible version:
The next morning, seeing his dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother. He looked at his mother eagerly and pleaded: "Mom, I really want to go to the beach. Please, please, please!" After that, he looked at his mother with anxious and expectant eyes. Alex's mother didn't know what to do. She knew that going to the beach was her son's dream, but she didn't want to do it without telling her husband. Alex saw his mother's hesitation and then said:" Mom, Dad is not at home, so he doesn't have to worry about going to the beach with us." With Alex's persuasion, his mother finally agreed to take him to the beach.
Hours later, as Alex looked out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw dropped. It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. When the taxi stopped, he quickly got out of the car and rushed to his father, asking anxiously, "Dad, why are you here " His father smiled and said, "Your mother called me and told me the news. I think this is not only a good opportunity for you to go to the beach, but also it's time for me to overcome the fear, so I postponed my trip and came here directly". Hearing this, Alex was obviously relieved and became excited. On that day, Alex did everything he had always wanted to do on the beach and had a very good time. His father also seemed to have overcome the psychological obstacles. After returning home, Alex was tired and fell asleep directly on the bed, but He has a faint smile on his lips.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Alex非常想去海边玩，但是他的父亲因为小时候在海边有着不好的经历，一直没有同意带他去。有一天父亲去出差，Alex想趁着爸爸不在的时候，让妈妈偷偷带他去海滩玩。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"第二天早上，看到爸爸上了出租车，亚历克斯跑向妈妈。"可知，第一段可描写Alex劝说妈妈带他去海边玩，妈妈同意了。②由第二段首句内容"几个小时后，当亚历克斯从汽车的前窗向外看时，他的眼睛睁大了，下巴都掉了下来。"可知，第二段可描写Alex在海边看到了爸爸，度过了愉快地时光。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Alex's mother didn't know what to do. 运用了"疑问词+不定式"作宾语；She knew that going to the beach was her son's dream, but she didn't want to do it without telling her husband. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句；Mom, Dad is not at home, so he doesn't have to worry about going to the beach with us.运用了因果并列句； It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. 运用了强调句；When the taxi stopped, he quickly got out of the car and rushed to his father, asking anxiously, "Dad, why are you here " 运用了时间状语从句；I think this is not only a good opportunity for you to go to the beach, but also it's time for me to overcome the fear, so I postponed my trip and came here directly. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句，it作形式主语； On that day, Alex did everything he had always wanted to do on the beach and had a very good time. 运用了限制性定语从句；After returning home, Alex was tired and fell asleep directly on the bed, but He has a faint smile on his lips.运用了转折并列句。
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安徽省当涂名校中学2022-2023学年高一下学期开学考英语试题
一、听力题（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）Where does this conversation probably take place
A．At home. B．In an office. C．In a hospital.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What will the woman do
A．Go shopping. B．Catch the train. C．See the man off.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．A book. B．A dinner. C．A phone call.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）Who made the apple pie
A．The woman's mother.
B．The woman's daughter.
C．The woman.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）What makes the man in good shape
A．Regular exercise.
B．A healthy eating habit.
C．A strict plan for running.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
二、听力题(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）听录音，回答问题。
6．When will the speakers meet Mr. Peterson in their college
A．Next week. B．Next month. C．Next year.
7．What does the man think of Mr. Peterson's lecture
A．Humorous. B．Hard. C．Interesting.
【答案】6．A
7．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
6．
7．
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
8．What does the man take with him
A．Two large backpacks (背包).
B．A large bag and two small ones.
C．A large backpack and a small bag.
9．Which seat will the man take
A．One in the middle.
B．One in the left row.
C．One next to the window.
10．When will the plane take off
A．At 8:00. B．At 8:15. C．At 8:50.
【答案】8．C
9．C
10．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8．
9．
10．
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
11．What did the woman buy at the market
A．Some animals.
B．Many paper-cuts.
C．Books of folk stories.
12．What is the main theme of Chinese paper-cuts in the woman's opinion
A．Animals. B．Plants. C．Characters.
13．Why does the woman want to buy more paper-cuts
A．To collect them herself.
B．To give them to her friends.
C．To make her house attractive.
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
11．
12．
13．
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
14．What's the relationship between the speakers
A．Friends. B．Neighbours. C．Colleagues.
15．Where did the woman buy the tea set
A．In a tea house. B．In a grocery store. C．In a shopping mall.
16．What can the speakers do near their neighbourhood
A．Do exercise in the gym.
B．Read in the library.
C．Go to the cinema.
17．What does the man feel about living there
A．Disappointed. B．Uncomfortable. C．Satisfied.
【答案】14．B
15．C
16．A
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
14．
15．
16．
17．
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
听录音，回答问题。
18．What is the date next Tuesday
A．May 12th. B．May 11th. C．May 10th.
19．When will there be rain probably according to the programme
A．On Monday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Sunday.
20．What will the temperature probably be at the weekend
A．25℃. B．8℃. C．5℃.
【答案】18．A
19．B
20．A
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
18．
19．
20．
三、阅读 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
With all the recent concern about the environment，people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They've been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website worldwildlife.org, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they've been around since 1888, focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You choose to donate through the website nationalgeographic.com, buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf.org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology
Set up in 1976, Ecology is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.
21．Which environmental organization has the longest history
A．Ecology . B．World Wildlife Fund.
C．National Geographic Society. D．National Wildlife Federation.
22．What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection
A．Knowledge. B．Management. C．Money. D．Patience.
23．In what way does Ecology differ from the other three organizations
A．The size of networks. B．The way of operation.
C．The strength of influence. D．The degree of popularity.
【答案】21．C
22．A
23．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了了四个著名的环保组织。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
21．考查细节理解。根据文章内容可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。故选C。
22．考查细节理解。根据 National Wildlife Federation (NWF) 部分中的“In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.”可知，NWF认为，让公众 受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。所以说，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。故选A。
23．考查推理判断。根据 Ecology 部分中的“The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.”可知，是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式 运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。可推断，与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。故选B。
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
I start my workday early, parking myself in front of my
home computer and often forgetting to get up for hours. But one thing I try to
do every day is take a ten-minute walk around midday.
Walking at lunchtime is a smart thing to do, a new study
finds. This doesn't seem like news. After all, we've known forever that doing
exercise is good for us. But as The New York Times points out, those fitness
studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run. This new study looks at changes that happen
more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.
For the study, researchers gathered a group of mostly
sedentary(久坐的)
office workers in the UK. All were out of shape, but otherwise emotionally and
physically healthy. Researchers asked them to take 30-minute lunchtime walks,
three days a week for 10 weeks. The volunteers were also asked to install apps
on their phones, so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions
after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the
volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings
about everything from stress and tension to motivation.
When the researchers compared the volunteers' answers on
the afternoons when they walked to those on the afternoons they didn't walk,
there was quite a difference. On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the
volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed
compared with the days when they didn't walk.
Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the
volunteers didn't believe they'd be able to continue walking once the study
ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks. It's
an understandable response, but a sad one.
24．How does the new study differ from other fitness studies
A．It calls on people to have a walk after lunch.
B．It focuses on the short-term effects of walking.
C．It mainly pays attention to sedentary office workers.
D．It aims at studying the relationship between exercise and health.
25．Why were the volunteers required to install apps on their phones
A．To record their time spent online.
B．To know how long they walked.
C．To prevent them from getting lost.
D．To respond to the researchers' questions.
26．What is the finding of the new study
A．Lunchtime walks can soon improve people's mood.
B．Office workers usually have little time to go for a walk.
C．A sedentary lifestyle is linked to an increased risk of disease.
D．Walking brings more advantages to people than other exercise.
27．What can we infer about the volunteers from the last paragraph
A．They will spend more time walking.
B．Some of them tend to be more outgoing.
C．Most of them will perform better at work.
D．They may stop lunchtime walks due to work pressure.
【答案】24．B
25．D
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现在午餐后，短暂的散步是一件明智的事情，这能快速改善你的情绪。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
24．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But as The New York Times points out, those fitness studies typically looked at the effects of exercise plans in the long run.”但正如《纽约时报》指出的那样，这些健身研究通常着眼于长期锻炼计划的影响；以及“This new study looks at changes that happen more quickly, from one day to the next or even from this hour to the next hour.”这项新研究着眼于发生得更快的变化，从一天到第二天，甚至从这个小时到下一个小时。可知，该研究主要是关注的是散步对一个人在每天之间甚至是每个小时间的发生的变化，也就是对人们的短期影响。故选B。
25．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The volunteers were also asked to install apps on their phones, so that the researchers could send the volunteers questions after they walked. Then the researchers used those answers to judge how the volunteers were feeling about life and work, and to measure their feelings about everything from stress and tension to motivation.”志愿者还被要求在手机上安装应用程序，以便研究人员可以在志愿者走路后向他们发送问题。然后，研究人员使用这些答案来判断志愿者对生活和工作的感受，并衡量他们对从压力和紧张到动机等一切事物的感受。可知，志愿者要求安装app是为了在散步后发送问题给志愿者，让他们回答，然后根据他们的回答做出分析和判断。故选D。
26．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“On the days when they had a lunchtime walk, the volunteers said they felt less stressed, more energetic and more relaxed versus(与………相对) on the days when they didn't walk. ”在午餐时间散步的日子里，志愿者们说，与不走路的日子相比，他们感到压力更小，更有活力，更放松。可知，午餐时间散步与不散步的日子进行比较发现，午餐后散步可以让他们感觉压力变小，精力更充沛，更轻松，所以说，午餐散步能改变人的情绪。故选A。
27．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, the researchers said many of the volunteers didn't believe they'd be able to continue walking once the study ended, mainly because they were expected to work through their lunch breaks.”不幸的是，研究人员表示，许多志愿者认为一旦研究结束，他们就不能继续餐后散步，主要是因为他们需要在午休时间工作。可知，志愿者认为在研究结束后，他们可能在午餐休息时间去工作，而不是继续餐后散步，可推断，志愿者很可能由于工作原因而停止午餐后散步。故选D。
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
A ship has used autonomous (自主的) sailing technology to complete a
trip across world oceans for the first time. The Mayflower Autonomous Ship is a
completely autonomous ocean research ship powered by artificial intelligence
(AI) technology.
The Mayflower recently completed a five-week trip across the
Atlantic Ocean without any humans on board. It set off from the British port of
Plymouth on April 27 and arrived in the eastern Canadian city of Halifax on
June 5. The 15-meter Mayflower is named after a ship that carried a group of
European settlers from Plymouth to No.0rth America more than 400 years ago.
That famous trip, in 1620, prepared the way for Britain's colonization (殖民) of what Europeans called the New
World.
The Mayflower experienced breakdowns on its latest trip,
as well as an earlier attempt to cross the Atlantic. The first attempt, in June
2021, was called off after a breakdown forced the ship to return to Plymouth.
Later, during the latest trip, a problem with the ship's power system led
project organizers to send the ship to Portugal's Azores in the mid-Atlantic. A
team member was flown to the area to perform repairs.
More troubles came in late May when the Mayflower
developed another power issue. That trouble was also repaired. But the team
decided to send the ship on a new path to Halifax. Experts say AI is getting
much better at helping self- sailing ships understand their surroundings and
pilot themselves. But most autonomous systems cannot repair themselves when the
engine fails. The Mayflower is equipped with instruments designed to measure
the health of ocean water. Such ships could be used to probe into parts
of oceans that are too difficult for people to reach.
28．What can we learn about the Mayflower Autonomous Ship
A．It sailed by itself.
B．It is over 400 years old.
C．It is named after the latest ship.
D．It carried Europeans in the 16th century.
29．What happened to the Mayflower Autonomous Ship on its first Atlantic Ocean voyage
A．It set off from America.
B．It turned back halfway.
C．It received repairs on the scene.
D．It reached its destination smoothly.
30．What made the Mayflower fail to complete its sailing several times
A．The misuse of AI.
B．Some machine failures.
C．Some experts' suggestions.
D．The wrong choice of sailing course.
31．What does the underlined phrase "probe into" in the last paragraph mean
A．Move. B．Drag. C．Improve. D．Explore.
【答案】28．A
29．B
30．B
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，"五月花号自动驾驶船"是一艘由人工智能(AI) 驱动的完全自主的海洋科考船，它最近使用自主航行技术完成了跨越世界大洋的航行。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
28．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"A ship has used autonomous (自主的) sailing technology to complete a trip across world oceans for the first time."一艘船首次使用自主航行技术完成了跨越世界海洋的航行；以及第二段中的"The Mayflower recently completed a five- week trip across the Atlantic Ocean without any humans on board.""五月花"号最近完成了为期五周的横渡大西洋之旅，船上没有任何人。可知，"五月花号自动驾驶船"是一艘无人驾驶的海洋科考船，它最近使用自主航行技术完成了跨越大西洋的航行。故选A。
29．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The first attempt, in June 2021, was called off after a breakdown forced the ship to return to Plymouth."第一次尝试是在2021年6月，在一次故障迫使该船返回Plymouth后被取消。可知，该船的第一次大西洋航行中途因故障返回了。故选B。
30．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"during the latest trip, a problem with the ship's power system led project organizers to send the ship to Portugal's Azores in the mid-Atlantic."在最近的一次航行中，该船的电力系统出现了问题，导致项目组织者将该船送往大西洋中部的葡萄牙亚速尔群岛；以及第四段中的"More troubles came in late May when the Mayflower developed another power issue. "五月底，"五月花"号又出现了电力问题，麻烦接踵而至。可知，"五月花号自动驾驶船"在几次航行中出现了一些机器故障。故选B。
31．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"The Mayflower is equipped with instruments designed to measure the health of ocean water. Such ships could be used to probe into parts of oceans that are too difficult for people to reach.""五月花"号上配备了用来测量海水健康状况的仪器。这种船可以用来探测人类难以到达的海洋区域。可知，对于人们难以到达的一些海洋区域，"五月花"因配有相关设备，是可以被用来探测的，可推知probe into意为"探索"。故选D。
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
Kindness is seen as a true strength, and the success of
civilizations relies on kindness. As parents and teachers, we also teach
children from a young age to "be kind to one another" and "treat
others the way you want to be treated."
In addition to being helpful to our interpersonal
relationships, research has shown that kindness can even contribute to our
well-being. According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the
pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing
hormone(激素)
.Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction.
And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person.
There can be a positive contagion(扩散) effect, where
other people are motivated to be nice if they receive a random act of kindness.
The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such
clear benefits Let's think about this in the workplace or in an organization.
You are the new person on the team and you want to be
well-liked and respected by your colleagues. You are a kind person and tell
your team, "Let me know how I can help you; I'm always available to
help." Though you may truly mean this, there are unfortunately people in
this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being
taken advantage of by others.
Let's fast forward a year. You have been in your position
now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that
your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. In fact, the
only time they communicate with you is when they need something. You have been
so helpful to your colleagues and there has rarely been any return from them.
In a very broad sense, it is advantageous to be kind to
others, and your kind acts will be appreciated and, perhaps, paid forward.
However, you need to be willing to say "no". Recognize when your
plate is already too full. When people ask you a favor, assess if you have
the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes
you need to be more comfortable saying "no" to others and saying
"yes" to yourself.
32．What has the Mayo Clinic found concerning kindness
A．It does good to our mind.
B．It reduces hormone levels.
C．It adds years to people's life.
D．It leads to the success of civilizations.
33．What might the new person mentioned in paragraph3 feel one year later
A．Grateful. B．Satisfied. C．Disappointed. D．Energetic.
34．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean
A．When you're too full to eat anything.
B．When your kind acts get appreciated.
C．When you should ask others a favor.
D．When you're physically and mentally tired.
35．What can be the best title for the text
A．Your kindness counts for your well-being!
B．Are we tiring ourselves with kindness
C．Why are random acts of kindness important
D．Never underestimate the power of kindness at work!
【答案】32．A
33．C
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；日常生活类；说明文；标题选择题
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了善良被视为一种真正的力量，父母和老师教导我们善待他人，善意有如此明显的好处，它会对我们有害吗？当人们要求帮忙时，要评估自己是否有时间、精力和注意力给他们。要更自在地对别人说"不"，对自己说"是"。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
32．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing hormone Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction. And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person."根据梅奥诊所的说法，当我们进行善举时，我们大脑中的快乐中心被激活，释放减压激素定期志愿服务的人报告更高的生活满意度。更重要的是，善良很少只停留在一个人身上。可知，实行善举可以激活大脑中的快乐，释放压力和提高生活满意度，即对我们的大脑是有好处的。故选A。
33．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Though you may truly mean this, there are unfortunately people in this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others."虽然你可能真的是这个意思，但不幸的是，这个世界上有些人可以将你的善良视为一种弱点。这可能会导致你被别人利用；以及第四段中的"Let's fast forward a year. You have been in your position now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. "让我们快进一年。你现在已经在你的职位上工作了一年，你正在与同一个团队合作。你注意到你的同事一遍又一遍地向你寻求帮助。可知，新人一年后可能会被别人利用，会受到伤害，即会失望。故选C。
34．考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的"When people ask you a favor, assess if you have the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying ‘no' to others and saying ‘yes' to yourself."当人们要求你帮忙时，评估你是否有时间、精力和注意力给他们。要真正善良，有时你需要更自在地对别人说"不"，对自己说"是"，可知，在决定是否帮助别人时，要看自己是否有时间、精力和注意力，以此推测划线句子指的是要意识到自己是否有时间、精力和注意力，即要意识到自己是否身心疲惫。故选D。
35．考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的"The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such clear benefits Let's think about this in the workplace or in an organization."那么问题来了：当善良有如此明显的好处时，它会对我们有害吗？让我们在工作场所或组织中考虑这个问题；以及全文可知，本文主要在讲做善事对我们是否有坏处，"我们是不是因为善良而累了？"最适合做本文的标题。故选B。
四、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. 　36． 　. But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts. 　37． 　, the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed(扰乱) by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive. Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help:
　38． 　. Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle any material you can. 　39． 　. Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment. 　40． 　. You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It's important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A. Share your space B. If you ever want to see it C. But if one part is taken away D. We depend on each other for food and survival E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
【答案】36．G；37．C；38．A；39．E；40．F
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇环保类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study."你自己的后院可能是一个好玩的地方。你可以爬树，研究昆虫。可知，在后院，你可以近距离的接触动植物，可以做很多的事，承接上文， G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun "也许你可以听到鸟在唱歌或者看见宠物猫在太阳下睡觉"是在后院接触动物的例子。故选G。
37．根据空前"Every part of the world has food chains "世界的每一部分都有食物链，可知，上文讲食物链的每一部分都很重要；以及空后"the whole chain could fall apart."整个食物链可能会垮掉，可知，下文讲在某种情况下导致的坏结果，那么，空格处就应该是条件或者假设，承接上下文， C. But if one part is taken away "但是，如果食物链中的一部分缺失"符合语境，故选C。
38．根据空后"Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live."使你的后院成为一个其它生物都喜欢的地方。种植更多的花和树。最重要的是，尽量不要打扰其他动物居住的地方。可知，你要和这些生物和平共处，不要干扰它们的生活，说明要与动植物分享空间，承接下文， A. Share your space "共享你的空间"符合语境，故选A。
39．根据空前"Do not pollute the environment. Recycle any material you can."不要污染环境。尽可能回收任何材料；以及空后"Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe."公路上如果小汽车少就意味着我们可以呼吸较新鲜的空气。可知，上文作者建议不要污染环境，还进行了举例说明，下文讲汽车少的好结果，可得出为了不污染环境、呼吸较新鲜的空气，可以少开车，用其它更环保的方式出行，减少污染，承接上下文， E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go "你需要做的是骑自行车或者走路"符合语境，故选E。
40．根据空前"Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment."不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境；以及空后"You may even pass it on to your own children someday."有一天，你甚至可以将这个传递给你自己的孩子。可知，正确的观念（即不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境，需要发扬光大。 F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends "你可以将这个信息传递给父母和朋友"也是对正确观念的肯定，F项使用You can then pass…; 下文使用You may even pass…，故选F。
五、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）完形填空
It was 80 years ago when I wrote my first letter to Paul
and Renee. I was about 13. Paul was the same 41． as
me, his sister Renee was two years younger, and they lived in France. I was
keen(热衷的)on learning
languages, so I was 42． when my French teacher assigned(分配)us pen pals.
It was quite a(n) 43． to get a letter from a foreign country,
so I 44． receiving their reply. They weren't good
at English, so after six months, we were all writing in 45． , which helped me acquire a good
knowledge of the language.
I decided to go to France on holiday in 1949 to 46． them.
The family 47． me well, and I visited several times in
the years that followed. The first time I met Renee, she 48． me up at the station, and we hit it off
straight away.
I never got to meet Paul. Renee wrote to me and 49． me
that he had died shortly after joining the army. Renee and I continued writing
to each other, and our friendship became 50． .
We talked about our families, our 51． and our troubles in life. After that I
moved to South Africa for a while, married, had children, and changed jobs.
Throughout all this, we 52． writing letters.
I'm 93 now and I still write to Renee. She has difficulty
writing now, so she phones me to 53． . Most people don't seem to have the 54． for
letters anymore, but it gives me great pleasure to write. And this is the most
valuable 55． I have ever had.
41．A．Interest B．dream C．height D．age
42．A．frightened B．pleased C．awkward D．annoyed
43．A．arrangement B．thing C．problem D．debate
44．A．looked forward to B．was attracted
C．signed up for D．took control of
45．A．Spain B．English C．French D．German
46．A．help B．praise C．check D．meet
47．A．treated B．fitted C．knew D．protected
48．A．picked B．called C．brought D．held
49．A．assured B．informed C．contacted D．calmed
50．A．calmer B．deeper C．flatter D．shorter
51．A．memories B．kids C．organizations D．hobbies
52．A．kept B．stopped C．avoided D．recommended
53．A．explore B．remember C．revise D．reply
54．A．request B．concern C．time D．place
55．A．adventure B．tradition C．friendship D．trip
【答案】41．D；42．B；43．B；44．A；45．C；46．D；47．A；48．A；49．B；50．B；51．D；52．A；53．D；54．C；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
41．句意：保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，他们住在法国。A. interest"兴趣"；B. dream"梦想"；C. height"身高"；D. age"年龄"。根据上文"I was about 13."以及下文"his sister Renee was two years younger"可推知，此处为保罗和我同龄，他的妹妹蕾妮比我小两岁，都是在讲年龄的事情。故选D。
42．句意：我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。A. frightened"害怕的"；B. pleased"高兴的"；C. awkward"难堪的"；D. annoyed"生气的"。根据空前" I was keen(热衷的)on learning languages "可知，此处为我对学习语言非常着迷，所以当我的法语老师给我们分配笔友时，我很高兴。故选B。
43．句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. arrangement"安排"；B. thing"事情"；C. problem"问题"；D. debate"争论"。根据空后"to get a letter from a foreign country"可知，这是一件事情，可推知，此处为收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。故选B。
44．句意：收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，所以我期待着收到他们的回信。A. looked forward to"期待"；B. was attracted to"被吸引到"；C. signed up for"报名"；D. took control of"控制"。 根据上文提到收到外国的来信是件很不容易的事，可知，此处为所以我期待着收到他们的回信。符合上下文逻辑。故选A。
45．句意：他们不擅长英语，所以六个月后，我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。A. Spain"西班牙语"；B. English"英语"；C. French"法语"；D. German"德语"。根据上文"they lived in France"住在法国，以及空前"They weren't good at English"可推知，此处为我们都在用法语写作，这帮助我很好地掌握了这门语言。故选C。
46．句意：1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。A. help"帮助"；B. praise"赞扬"；C. check"检查"；D. meet"会见"。根据下文"and I visited several times in the years that followed."可推知，此处为1949年，我决定去法国度假去见他们。故选D。
47．句意：这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。A. treated"对待"；B. fitted"适应"；C. knew"知道"；D. protected"保护"。根据句意以及空后"and I visited several times in the years that followed."可推知，此处为这家人待我很好，在随后的几年里我去了几次。故选A。
48．句意：我第一次见到蕾妮时，她去车站接我，我们一见如故。A. picked"接，搭载"；B. called"打电话"；C. brought"带来"；D. held"握住，举起"。根据空后"at the station"可知，此处为她去车站接我，我们一见如故。故选A。
49．句意：蕾妮写信告诉我，他在参军后不久就去世了。A. assured"确保"；B. informed"通知"；C. contacted"联系"；D. calmed"使平静"。根据空后"that he had died shortly after joining the army."可知，此处为告诉的事情。故选B。
50．句意：蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。A. calmer"更平静的"；B. deeper"更深的"；C. flatter"更平的"；D. shorter"更短的"。根据空前"Renee and I continued writing to each other"可知，此处为蕾妮和我继续互相写信，我们的友谊变得更深了。故选B。
51．句意：我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。A. memories"回忆"；B. kids"孩子"；C. organizations"组织"；D. hobbies"爱好"。根据句意以及空后"our families"和"our troubles in life"可推知，此处为我们谈论我们的家庭，我们的爱好和生活中的烦恼。故选D。
52．句意：在这期间，我们一直在写信。A. kept"保持"；B. stopped"停止"；C. avoided"避免"；D. recommended"推荐"。根据空前"Throughout all this"以及下文"I'm 93 now and I still write to Renee."可知，此处为在这期间，我们一直在写信。故选A。
53．句意：她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。A. explore"探索"；B. remember"记得"；C. revise"改正"；D. reply"回复"。根据空前"She has difficulty writing now"可知，此处为她现在写作有困难，所以她打电话给我回复。故选D。
54．句意：大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。A. request"要求"；B. concern"担心"；C. time"时间"；D. place"地方"。根据句意和语境可知，此处为大多数人似乎都没有时间写信了，但写信给我很大的乐趣。故选C。
55．句意：这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。A. adventure"冒险"；B. tradition"传统"；C. friendship"友谊"；D. trip"旅行"。通篇文章可知，文章讲述了作者和笔友长达80年的深厚友谊，以及上文的"Renee and I continued writing to each other, and our friendship became..."提示可知，此处为这是我拥有过的最宝贵的友谊。故选C。
六、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2023高一下·安徽开学考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a world that is full of different kinds of colors, red quite stands out. In China, people call this color China Red, 　56． 　 has become a quite popular expression 　57． 　 (catch) the world's attention.
This expression fully shows Chinese people's special love for red. So why are the Chinese really fond of it One reason 　58． 　 (lie) in the color's rich meaning in Chinese history and 　59． 　(tradition) culture. In ancient China, red　60． 　 (regard) as a symbol of health, energy, happiness, hope and so on. Now red things can be 　61． 　 (common) found across the nation, for example red lanterns. People can find red lanterns across China, especially during 　62． 　 (festival) and holidays. During the Spring Festival, people will see red lanterns hanging on 　63． 　 front gates of houses and stores, trees, etc. Besides red lanterns, things 　64． 　 Spring Festival couplets (对联) and invitations are also often red.
In a word, red is popular in China and it's more than just a color. It carries the rich culture of this nation. And you're welcome　65． 　 (feel) and discover it in China.
【答案】56．which；57．catching；58．lies；59．traditional；60．was regarded；61．commonly；62．festivals；63．the；64．like；65．to feel
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。红色受到中国人的喜爱，在中国，它不仅仅是一种颜色，还承载着丰富的文化内涵，作者具体介绍了红色在中国文化中所蕴含的意义。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及定语从句，非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，形容词，语态，副词，名词，冠词，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种相当流行的正在引起全世界注意的表达方式。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词"China Red"，应为关系词，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
57．句意：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种相当流行的正在引起全世界注意的表达方式。由句中谓语"has become"可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰"a quite popular expression"，并与其形成主动关系；结合句意，应用现在分词形式。故填catching。
58．句意：原因之一是红色在中国历史和传统文化中有着丰富的意义。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语；根据上一句的"shows"和本句句意，应用一般现在时，表达客观事实；主语是"One reason"，故谓语动词应为单数。故填lies。
59．句意：原因之一是红色在中国历史和传统文化中有着丰富的意义。分析句子可知，此处应为形容词，作定语修饰名词culture。故填traditional。
60．句意：在中国古代，红色被认为是健康、活力、幸福、希望等的象征。此处应为谓语；根据时间状语In ancient China可知，应用一般过去时；主语是red，与regard之间形成被动关系，应用被动语态，且谓语动词为单数。故填was regarded。
61．句意：现在红色的东西在全国都很常见，比如红灯笼。分析句子可知，此处应为副词，作状语修饰谓语can be found，故填commonly。
62．句意：人们在中国各地都能看到红灯笼，尤其是在节假日期间。根据空处前介词during可知，此处应为名词形式，作宾语；由并列名词holidays及句意可知，应用名词复数形式。故填festivals。
63．句意：在春节期间，人们会看到红色的灯笼挂在房子和商店的前门、树上等。此处应为冠词，作定语修饰名词短语front gates of houses and stores，特指"房子和商店的前门"，应用定冠词the。故填the。
64．句意：除了红灯笼，像春联和请柬之类的东西也经常是红色的。分析句子可知，此处应为介词，后接名词短语"Spring Festival couplets and invitations"，作定语修饰"things"，根据句意"像"，应用介词like。故填like。
65．句意：欢迎你来中国感受并了解它。sb be welcome to do sth，固定短语，"欢迎某人做某事"，故填to feel。
七、写作(共两节，满分40分)
66．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的美国交换生Jim即将返回自己的国家。请你给他写一封邮件，内容如下：
1）表示感谢；
2）回顾Jim对你的帮助；
3）表达对他的美好祝愿。
注意：词数80左右；2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Jim,
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
Learning that you're leaving for America soon, I'm writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.
Honestly speaking, it's so nice of you to offer me so many practical English learning skills. Without your professional guidance, I could't have made such unbelievable progress in English. Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiam for English and makes me regain confidence. No words can strong enough to convey how grateful I am.
Thanks again and wish you a pleasant journey home.
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封邮件 。写作背景： 经常帮助你学习英语的美国交换生Jim即将返回自己的国家。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）表示感谢；2）回顾Jim对你的帮助；3）表达对他的美好祝愿。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Learning that you're leaving for America soon, I'm writing to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；Honestly speaking, it's so nice of you to offer me so many practical English learning skills. 运用了it作形式主语；Without your professional guidance, I could't have made such unbelievable progress in English. 运用了虚拟语气；Whenever I encounter difficulties, you always cheer me up and help me out, which fuels my enthusiam for English and makes me regain confidence. 运用了时间状语从句，非限制性定语从句；No words can strong enough to convey how grateful I am.运用了宾语从句。
67．（2023高一下·安徽开学考）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Time to get up. It's your birthday." Alex
opened his eyes and looked up. His parents were standing next to his bed
holding breakfast . "We can do anything you want today," said his
mom.
He jumped up to get dressed as quickly as he could,
already imagining what kind of day he would have at the beach. He had always
dreamed about playing in the sand and jumping in the waves. He nearly tripped (绊倒) as he ran down the stairs on his way
to the kitchen.
Alex's dad asked him what he wanted to do today. "The
beach," he shouted with joy.
The expression on his mom's face changed from joy to
sadness. She knew the one place that he would not go was the beach. When her
husband had been a young boy of Alex's age, he had a terrifying experience at
the beach. Alex's dad shook off his initial (最初的) shock of hearing his son's plan.
"How about we go to the zoo instead " he
suggested. "The beach is over two hours away."
"But dad, I've wanted to go to the beach my WHOLE
life," Alex pleaded(恳求).
"Son, I'm sorry, but we are not going to the beach
and that's final."
They ended up driving to the zoo. It was an exciting day,
but Alex could not get the beach out of his mind. He yearned to build a
sandcastle, swim in the ocean and chase the incoming and outgoing waves. The
beach seemed like the best place on earth.
Over the next few weeks, he dreamed about it almost every
night. Any free moment he had was spent filling his room with pictures and
drawings of beaches. He repeatedly pleaded with his mom to help him convince
his dad to take them to the beach. Each time she explained that they could do
other things as a family, just not the beach.
One night, Alex received what he thought was good news.
His dad was going on a three-day business trip the next day. "This is an
opportunity," he thought to himself.
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。
The next morning, seeing his
dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother.
Hours later, as Alex looked
out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw(下巴)dropped.
【答案】One possible version:
The next morning, seeing his dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother. He looked at his mother eagerly and pleaded: "Mom, I really want to go to the beach. Please, please, please!" After that, he looked at his mother with anxious and expectant eyes. Alex's mother didn't know what to do. She knew that going to the beach was her son's dream, but she didn't want to do it without telling her husband. Alex saw his mother's hesitation and then said:" Mom, Dad is not at home, so he doesn't have to worry about going to the beach with us." With Alex's persuasion, his mother finally agreed to take him to the beach.
Hours later, as Alex looked out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw dropped. It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. When the taxi stopped, he quickly got out of the car and rushed to his father, asking anxiously, "Dad, why are you here " His father smiled and said, "Your mother called me and told me the news. I think this is not only a good opportunity for you to go to the beach, but also it's time for me to overcome the fear, so I postponed my trip and came here directly". Hearing this, Alex was obviously relieved and became excited. On that day, Alex did everything he had always wanted to do on the beach and had a very good time. His father also seemed to have overcome the psychological obstacles. After returning home, Alex was tired and fell asleep directly on the bed, but He has a faint smile on his lips.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Alex非常想去海边玩，但是他的父亲因为小时候在海边有着不好的经历，一直没有同意带他去。有一天父亲去出差，Alex想趁着爸爸不在的时候，让妈妈偷偷带他去海滩玩。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"第二天早上，看到爸爸上了出租车，亚历克斯跑向妈妈。"可知，第一段可描写Alex劝说妈妈带他去海边玩，妈妈同意了。②由第二段首句内容"几个小时后，当亚历克斯从汽车的前窗向外看时，他的眼睛睁大了，下巴都掉了下来。"可知，第二段可描写Alex在海边看到了爸爸，度过了愉快地时光。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Alex's mother didn't know what to do. 运用了"疑问词+不定式"作宾语；She knew that going to the beach was her son's dream, but she didn't want to do it without telling her husband. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句；Mom, Dad is not at home, so he doesn't have to worry about going to the beach with us.运用了因果并列句； It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. 运用了强调句；When the taxi stopped, he quickly got out of the car and rushed to his father, asking anxiously, "Dad, why are you here " 运用了时间状语从句；I think this is not only a good opportunity for you to go to the beach, but also it's time for me to overcome the fear, so I postponed my trip and came here directly. 运用了宾语从句，转折并列句，it作形式主语； On that day, Alex did everything he had always wanted to do on the beach and had a very good time. 运用了限制性定语从句；After returning home, Alex was tired and fell asleep directly on the bed, but He has a faint smile on his lips.运用了转折并列句。
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