(共37张PPT)
人教新目标版 七年级下册
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
Section A Grammar Focus-3c
Learning objectives
Knowledge objectives:
1. 熟练掌握以下词汇和短语
in the hallways; be on time for; library rules; dream school; don't have to.
2. 熟练掌握以下句型
1. We must be on time for class.
2. Can we wear a hat in class
3. Does he have to wear a uniform at school
Skill objectives:
1. 复习本单元重点短语和句型, 能运用看图说话复习目标句型。
2. 通过情景化的体验,能使用祈使句和情态动词谈论校规,通过语法填空和观察句型,能够对语法规律进行总结,提高理解能力和归纳总结能力,能够运用can, can’t, have to/must 表达规则制度。
3. 通过3a和3b练习，进一步巩固知识。
Emotional objectives:
通过目标词汇和语言的学习，能够了解中西方不同的规章制度，体验不同的文化带来的魅力。
Thinking quality objectives:
通过语法结构的学习,思考如何运用语法结构帮助我们提高英语的听、说、读、写的能力。
Warm up
Watch a video and learn some school rules.
How many school rules are mentioned(提及) in the video
Don’t run in school.
Share with your classmates.
Listen to the teacher.
Keep the school clean.
Don’t fight with your classmates.
Raise your hand.
What are the rules
Review
When we walk around the school, we may find rules everywhere. Rules can help us get along and stay safe. Discuss with your partner: Where can we see rules at school
in the classroom
in the library
in the hallway
in the lab
Follow me!
Let’s look at the rules in different places at school!
Here, we’re in the hallway.
Look at the rules, can you tell what they are
1. Don’t push.
No pushing.
2. Don’t shout.
No shouting.
3. Don’t run.
No running.
4. Don’t litter.
No littering.
Hallway Rules
We are now in the classroom. Tell your partner the class rules.
Class Rules
1.Don’t be late.
Be on time.
2. Don’t use cell phone.
No cell phone.
3.Don’t sleep in class.
4.Don’t throw paper.
What do these sentences have in common
Don’t push.
Be on time.
Don’t shout.
Don’t run.
Don’t litter.
No cell phone.
Don’t sleep in class.
Don’t throw paper.
缺 少 主 语
表示命令、请求、劝告、警告和禁止等的句子。
祈使句
imperative sentence
Translate these sentences and let’s read.
Grammar Focus
Grammar focus
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
不要在走廊里跑.
不要打架。
规则是什么？
我们必须准时上课。
我们可以在教室里吃饭吗？
不，我们不能，但我们可以在餐厅吃饭。
我们能在课堂上戴帽子吗？
他在学校不得不穿制服吗？
你不得不做什么？
是的, 我们能/不, 我们不能。
是的, 他穿/不, 他不穿。
我们不得不在图书馆里保持安静。
Grammar Focus
Grammar focus
Read the following sentences and find out the the grammar.
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
1：祈使句的否定句怎样构成？肯定句呢？一般在什么情况下会用祈使句？
2：情态动词在用法上有什么共同点？
3：can在本单元主要表示什么含义？它还可表达什么意思？
4：have to在句法上与其他情态动词有何区别？
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in
the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
1：祈使句的否定句怎样构成？肯定句呢？一般在什么情况下会用祈使句？
祈使句的否定句在动词原形前加don’t，表示“不要做什么事”。
祈使句的肯定句通常是以动词原形开头的。
祈使句一般用于上级对下级，长辈对晚辈之间，表示命令、劝说或警告，也可表示请求。
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in
the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
2：情态动词在用法上有什么共同点？
can, must, have to等情态动词后接动词原形。
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in
the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
3：can在本单元主要表示什么含义？它还可表达什么意思？
can的意思是“能够；允许“，还可表示“能力” 。
Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t fight.
What are the rules We must be on time for class.
Can we eat in the classroom No, we can’t, but we can eat in
the dining hall.
Can we wear a hat in class Yes, we can./No, we can’t.
Does he have to wear a uniform at school Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
What do you have to do We have to be quiet in the library.
4：have to在句法上与其他情态动词有何区别？
have to有人称和数的变化。
祈使句的用法
祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。
语法概述
肯定句：__________ (+宾语)+其他.
否定句：______+动词原形 (+宾语) +其他.
Do 型祈使句的构成
如：上学日请穿校服。
Wear the school uniform on weekdays, please.
Don’t watch TV before dinner.
晚饭前不要看电视。
动词原形
Don’t
Be 型祈使句的构成
肯定句：____+表语+其他.
否定句：______+be+表语 +其他.
如：下次要细心。
Be careful next time.
上学不要迟到!
Don’t be late for school!
Be
Don’t
Let 型祈使句的构成
肯定句：_____+宾语+_________+其他.
否定句：______+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
或Let+宾语+______+动词原形+其他.
如：咱们休息一下吧。
Let’s have a rest.
不要让他去游泳。
Don’t let him go swimming.
=Let him not go swimming.
Let
动词原形
Don’t
not
其他类型的否定祈使句
(1) No+v-ing! / No+名词!
禁止钓鱼!
禁止停车!
如：禁止拍照!
No fishing!
No parking!
No photos!
如：决不放弃!
Never give up!
(2) never 代替don’t 来加强语气。
Summary
Do型：动词原形+（宾语）+其他.
肯定结构
否定结构
Be型：Be+表语+其他成分.
Let型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
Don’t型：Don’t+动词原形+（宾语）+其他.
Don’t+Be+表语+其他成分.
Don’t+Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
Let+宾语+not+动词原形+(其他)。
Please型：Please+动词原形+其他.
动词原形+其他, Please.
No型：No+名词
祈使句
情态动词have to
1. 肯定句：主语+__________+___________.
2. 否定句：主语+ _____________ have to+__________.
3. 一般疑问句：_______+ 主语+ have to+__________
Yes, 主语+_________./No, 主语+____________.
do/does
don’t/doesn’t
have/has to
动词原形
动词原形
动词原形
Do/Does
don’t/doesn’t
如：What do you have to do
We have to be quiet in the library.
Do you have to be quiet in the library
Yes, we do. / No.we don’t.
如：What does she have to wear at school
She has to wear a school uniform at school
Does she have to wear a uniform at school
Yes, she does. /No,she doesn’t.
情态动词have to与must
二者均可表示“必须”，其后均接动词原形。
如：太晚了，我必须乘出租车。
It’s too late. I have to take a taxi.
I must go now.
我必须现在就走。
have to与must的不同点
have to 1. 强调因客观因素影响而不得不做某事，跟主观意愿无关，通常上下文中会有暗示客观因素的句子，多译为“不得不”。
2. 可用于不同的时态，有人称和数的变化，其一般现在时的第三人称单数形式为has to；过去式为had to。
must 1. 表示因主观需要或责任感的驱使而有必要或义务去做某事，多译为“必须”。
2. 一般只用来表示现在，没有人称和数的变化。
如：因为家里穷，他不得不退学。
He has to leave school because his family is poor.
(受客观因素影响)
关于这件事我们必须做点什么。
We must do something about it.
(责任感的驱使)
【拓展延伸】以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
如：—Must I leave now 我现在必须离开吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t (don’t have to).
是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
Exercises
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. David, _______ make trouble at school.
A. can’t B. don’t C. doesn’t
( ) 2. —Mom, can I play computer games this evening
—_______ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it.
A. Finishing B. Finish C. To finish D. Finished
( ) 3. Buses _______ stop when the traffic lights turn red.
A. can B. may C. must
B
B
C
( ) 4. We should keep quiet in the library. We _____ speak loudly( 大声地).
A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. needn’t
( ) 5. I _____ go now, or I’ll miss my train.
A. can B. might C. must D. could
( ) 6. He _____ stay at home, because it’s raining outside.
A. have to B. has to C. must D. can’t
B
B
C
二、句型转换（每空一词）。
1. Talk in class. (改为否定句)
______ ______ in class.
2. I have to do my homework after school. (对画线部分提问)
______ ______ you ______ ______ ______ after school
3. We have to listen to the teacher. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
______ we ______ ______ listen to the teacher
______, we ______.
Don’t
talk
Do
have to
What
do
have to do
Yes
do
4. She has to wear the uniform at school. (改一般疑问句，并肯定回答)
_____ she _____ to wear the uniform at school
_____, she _____.
5. We can run in the hallways. (改为否定句)
We _____ run in the hallways.
Yes does
Does have
can’t
3a
Write the rules for the school library.
Library Rules
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
Don’t talk.
1
2
3
4
Don’t eat in the library.
Don’t listen to music in the library.
Don’t take photos in the library.
Use the words to make questions about the rules. Then write answers according to your school.
Q: Does she have to be quiet in the library (she/have to/in the library)
A: Yes, she does.
Be quiet
Does he have to eat in the dinning hall
Yes, he does.
Eat
Q:__________________________________ (he/have to/in the dining hall)
A:__________________________________
3b
Q:_________________________________(we/can/in the hallways)
A:_________________________________
Listen to music
Can we listen to music in the hallways
No, we can’t.
Wear a hat
Q:_________________________________(we/can/in the classroom)
A:_________________________________
Can we wear a hat in the classroom
No, we can’t.
wear a hat
Listen to music
Eat
Do we have any library rules in our school Ask and answer in pairs.
Do you have to... in the library
Yes,.../No,...
Be quiet
the students/have to/clean classroom/every day
she/have to/be at home/at five o’clock
she/have to/do morning reading/every day
we/can/arrive at school/late
Make more conversations using these words.
3c
Make up five cool rules for your dream school. Share your rules with the class. Your classmates vote for the Coolest School!
1.We can eat in class.
2.We don’t have to come to school every day.
3. ...
At my dream
school, we don’t have
to come to school
every day. We...
Homework
1. Review the grammar of unit 4.
2. Do the exercises in students’ book.
3. Preview the new words and phrases in Section B(1a-1d).
谢谢
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