北师大版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 The admirable易混易错点辨析学案（含答案）

【名师原创】：Unit6 易混易错点辨析
●mankind; man; human; human being; human race
【教材原句】
There are admirable potentialities in every human being. (教材P51)
It worked well in experiments on animals, but they had to know if it was safe for humans. (教材P53)
【辨析】
五个词或短语都表示“人，人类”，但用法有细微区别。
human, human being; human race 意思是““人，人类”, 是可数名词，可以构成以下表达：a human; three humans; a human being; two human beings; a human race; three human races；human 除了作名词，也可作形容词，表示“人的，人类的”。这三个词或词组作名词时完全可以换用。
mankind, man作“人类”讲时，都是不可数名词，前面不可加任何冠词（包括定冠词和不定冠词）。它们对应的代词为it或its, 而不是they, them和their
温馨提示：man 做人类讲作主语时，谓语用单数，而human作主语时，谓语既可用单数也可用复数。
【例句呈现】
Mankind's/man’s knowledge of the universe has increased beyond measure
人类对于宇宙的了解已经大为增加。
His research is for the betterment of mankind/man.
他的研究是为全人类造福。
It exerts a civilizing influence on mankind/man.
这产生了教化人类的影响。
The civilization of mankind/man has taken thousands of years to develop.
人类经数千年才文明开化。
Mankind must put an end to war, or war will put an end to mankind/man.
人类必须结束战争，否则战争就会毁灭人类。
In the world today, mankind/man is progressing at a tremendous pace.
在当今世界，人类进步一日千里。
That is no way to treat another human being/human race/human.
那绝不是对待他人的方式。
Physical perfection in a human being/human race/human is exceedingly rare.
体貌完美的人极为罕见。
No human being/human race/human on the face of the earth could do anything worse than what he did.
世界上再没有人能做出比他更坏的事情来。
No human being/human race/human can be free from mistakes.
是人总要犯错误。
she's the best human being/human race/human in the world.
她是世界上最好的人
Challenges are necessary for every human being/human race/human who is seeking quality life.
挑战对于每一个寻找有质量生活的人来说都是十分必要的。
【考点过关】
根据mankind, man, human being, human race和 human的用法填空
1. Although the Negroes were _______ just like the whites, they were not treated as human beings.
2. The need to communicate is a key characteristic of ______ society.
3. Mankind _______ (use) the horse since ancient times.
4. Scientists continue to push back the boundaries of _______ knowledge.
5. Mankind _______ (try) every means to maintain the balance of nature.
6. Contact with other people is a basic ______ need.
7. All progressive mankind _______ (love) peace.
8. She is best known for her work on the ______ brain.
9. The Chinese people should make a greater contribution to ______.
10. Each ______ has to die, but mankind goes on world without end.
11. The country has a poor record on ______ rights.
12. Each human being has to die, but _______ goes on world without end.
13. How long can a _______ go without sleep
14. In every ______ there is a wish to ameliorate his own condition.
15. Asia is one of the places where _______ originated.
16. Be a responsible _______ and do not do evil things to others.
17. One of writer's favorite themes is the fraternity of _______.
【参考答案】
1. human beings/humans/human races; 2. human; 3. have/has used; 4. human; 5. have/has been trying; 6. human; 7. love/loves; 8. human; 9. mankind/man; 10. human being/human race/human; 11. human; 12. mankind/man; 13. human being/human race/human; 14. human being/human race/human; 15. mankind/man; 16. human being/human race/human; 17. mankind/man
●suffer from; suffer
【教材原句】
People suffer from high fever, serious vomiting and terrible headaches when they have the disease. (教材P52)
【辨析】
两者都有“遭受”之意，但用法有一定区别。
suffer from常指遭受战争、自然灾害引起的苦难、资金或资源的短缺、罹患疾病等。
suffer常指遭受/承受损害、痛苦、损失、失败、不良后果、惩罚、冤枉、侮辱、心理方面的不良情绪、经济困难等方面，其宾语一般为pain, loss, grief, insult, punishment, wrong等, 也可接抽象性代词much, little等。
【例句呈现】
In these days of technological change we all suffer from information overload.
在这科技日新月异的时代，过多的信息使人人都应接不暇。
She suffered no ill effects from the experience.
这次经历没有使她受到不良影响。
The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters.
当时这个政党在其支持者中正遭受信任危机。
She suffered from severe depression after losing her job.
她失业后患了严重的抑郁症。
It is hard to estimate how many children suffer from dyslexia.
很难估计有多少孩子有诵读困难。
She's suffering a delayed reaction to the shock.
她正在承受着冲击所带来的滞后反应。
Property values have suffered another reverse.
房地产价值再次遭受损失。
She was intelligent but suffered from a lack of ambition.
她很聪明，但却缺乏远大志向。
A lot of students suffer from exam nerves.
许多学生考试怯阵。
He suffers from a rare blood disease.
他患有一种罕见的血液病。
She suffered years of mental torment after her son's death.
儿子去世后，她多年悲痛欲绝。
The army was forced to retreat after suffering heavy losses.
部队因伤亡惨重被迫撤退。
The drug was withdrawn from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects.
这药因许多人服后产生严重副作用而被停止销售。
She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered.
她因受伤向公司要求获得损害赔偿金。
Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives.
许多人在人生的某个阶段都会得精神病。
【考点过关】
用suffer, suffer from的适当形式填空
1. She _______ from headache.
2. He died very quickly, and didn’t ________ much.
3. So far our business ________ lack of investment.
4. You must be prepared_______ serious consequences.
5. I _______ a real lack of time this week.
6. He ______ defeat last year.
7. Mrs. White’s little boy ________ a bad cold again during these days.
8. Many children in the class ____ severe social and economic disadvantage last year.
9. Many people _______ mental illness at some point in their lives nowadays.
10. He ________ loss of memory for weeks after the accident.
11. Many companies ________ a shortage of skilled staff now.
12. The team ________ a shock defeat in the first round last month.
13. Those _______ infectious diseases were separated from the other patients.
14. People ________ many hardships during that long winter.
15. He often _______ a serious heart condition.
16. He ________ a serious injury that obliged him to give up work.
【参考答案】
1. suffers; 2. suffer; 3. has suffered from; 4. to suffer; 5. am suffering from; 6. suffered; 7. is suffering from; 8. suffered; 9. suffer from; 10. suffered; 11. are suffering from; 12. suffered; 13. suffering from; 14. suffered; 15. suffers from; 16. suffered
●apart from; except; except for; except that; besides; but
【教材原句】
Malaria kills over 1, 000, 000 people a year—more people than any disease apart from AIDS. (教材P52)
【辨析】
这六个词都有“除了….”的意思，它们的意思和用法既有交集又有区别。
apart from 在肯定句中表示“整体中除了具有相同特点的人或物外，还有别的人或物”，即包括在内，相当于besides; 在否定句中，表示从整体中除去具有不同特点的人或物，即排除在外，此时相当于but的用法, 有时也可与except换用。apart from后面出现动词时，要用动名词。
except 表示“排除同类事物（将整体去除一部分）”，即排除在外。后接名词、介词短语或动词原形。
but 与except意思相同，但but多与no, none, nothing, nobody, all, any, everyone, everything等不定代词连用。常出现在nothing but….; anything but…..; no….but…；all but….; 等否定结构中, 而且who but….也是常见结构。
except for 常用于对整体进行肯定，对局部进行否定， 即先肯定，然后再指出个别不足之处。
except that 与except for意思相同，但后面必须接从句，有时可根据主句和从句的关系，使用wh-从句。
besides 表示“除了…之外还….”，包括其后排除的事物；另外还可用作副词， 表示“而且”。
【例句呈现】
Quite apart from/besides all the work, he had financial problems.
除了那么多工作，他还有财务困难。
Apart from keeping a brief interlude of peace, the war lasted nine years.
除了一段短暂的和平，那场战争持续了九年。
What other sports do you like apart from/besides football
除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？
Nothing else matters to him apart from/but his job.
对他来说，除了工作以外，什么事都无关紧要。
I like all sports apart from/but football.
除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。
I've finished the crossword apart from/except 3 across and 10 down.
这份纵横字谜除横3竖10以外我都填完了。
Apart from/But my host, I didn't know a single person there
除了主人外，那里的人我一个也不认识。
The room was empty apart from one man seated beside the fire
除了有个男人坐在火炉边，房间里空荡荡的。
We don't do much in the evenings except watch television.
我们在晚上除了看电视不怎么干别的事。
We work every day except/but Sunday.
我们除星期天外每天都工作。
They live in a remote area, inaccessible except by car.
他们住在一处偏远地区，只能开车去
Prisoners were allowed no personal possessions except letters and photographs.
囚犯除信件和照片外不允许有任何私人物品。
They all came except/but Matt.
除马特外他们都来了。
Everyone seems busy except/but us
除了我们，大家好像都很忙碌。
I had no choice but to sign the contract.
我别无选择，只好签了合同。
We've had nothing but trouble with this car.
我们这辆车净出毛病。
The problem is anything but easy.
这个问题一点也不简单。
Except for her illnesses, she had had a particularly happy childhood
除了体弱多病外，她的童年特别幸福。
Except for a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
除了几处语法错误之外，你这篇作文写得不错。
He's a good man, except for his short temper.
他是个好人，除了气粗些。
I know nothing about him except that he knocked about South Africa for a while.
我除了知道他在南非流浪过一段时间外对他一无所知。
I didn't tell him anything except that I needed the money.
我什么都没告诉他，只是说我需要钱。
These two pens are alike except that they're different colors.
这两支笔样儿差不多，色儿不一样。
The log cabin stayed empty, except when we came.
除非我们到来，要不然那间小木屋一直都是空的。
I received nothing except what was due to me.
除了我应得的东西，我并未接受任何东西。
I understand everything except why he stole the money.
我什么都明白，只是不理解他为什么要偷那笔钱。
The snow, except where it drifted, was only calf-deep.
除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。
There are other visitors besides me.
参观人除我之外，还有另外的人。
Besides this, they also faced many difficulties.
除此之外,他们还面临了许多困难。
Besides all this, he had a number of little visits to pay, in the course of the day;
除此之外，在白天当中，他还需要去看望好些地方。
【考点过关】
用apart from, but, besides, except, except for, except that和besides填空
1. Many of the bodies were unidentifiable _______ by dental records.
2. They didn't have to do anything _______ sit back and enjoy life
3. Arrange all the vegetables ______ the potatoes in layers.
4. Who ______ Rosa could think of something like that
5. Europe will be represented in all _______ two of the seven races.
6. Your composition is good ______ some spelling mistakes.
7. The quality of this cloth is fine, ______ the color is not quite right.
8. This is a good novel, _______ the long and tedious ending.
9. Mr. Smith usually goes to work by bus _______ it rains.
10. I know nothing about the accident ______ I have read in the newspaper.
11. He told his parents everything _______ he needed so much money.
12. The old lady never spoke to anyone ______ someone came to visit her.
13. ______ chocolate and fruit juice, we also need bread and eggs.
14. Who ______ George would do such a thing
15. You can get the book anywhere ______ here.
16. ______ this dress, I also bought a hat and a pair of shoes。
17. ______ London, I’ve been to Manchester, Newcastle and Glasgow, too.
18. There is no one ______ me.
【参考答案】
1. except; 2. except; 3. except/but; 4. but; 5. except/but; 6. except for; 7. except that; 8. except for; 9. except when; 10. except what; 11. except why; 12. except when; 13. Besides; 14. but; 15. but; 16. Besides; 17. Besides; 18. but
●prize; award; reward
【教材原句】
At the Nobel Prize Lecture on 7 December, 2015, an 84-year-old Chinese woman walked slowly on to the stage. (教材P52)
The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her work. (教材P52-53)
A scientist who was on the Nobel Prize Committee called Hans Forssberg explained that “the discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of new drugs which have saved the lives of millions”. (教材P53)
【辨析】
三者都有“奖赏”之意，但意思各有侧重，用法也有一定区别。
prize 常作名词，意思是“奖赏，奖品，奖”，常指因在某方面做出巨大贡献或在竞赛、比赛中胜出而获奖，如：the Nobel Prize for Physics/Medicine/Peace 弄贝尔物理学奖/医学奖/和平奖。
award 作名词意思是“奖，奖品，奖状，奖金”，指因在比赛或某方面的成就而由官方颁发的奖赏或荣誉；作动词意思是“颁奖给…，授予，授奖，给….颁奖”，可以接双宾语，构成award sb. sth. (= award sth. to sb.) 结构。
reward 作名词意思是“奖赏，酬金，酬劳，酬谢”，既可以指工作中或某方面的贡献而得到的回报，也可指因给警方提供帮助或帮助他人找回丢失的人或物而得到的奖赏，酬金，酬劳，不能接双宾语，长构成reward sb. with sth.结构。
温馨提示：影视作品获奖一般用award表示。
【例句呈现】
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
The smart money is on him for the best actor award.
内行认为他将获最佳演员奖。
Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.
可能会判处精神伤害赔偿。
He has been awarded a research grant.
他得到一笔研究经费。
There is a reward for information leading to the recovery of the missing diamonds.
凡能为找回丢失的钻石提供线索者可获奖赏。
She was richly rewarded for all her hard work.
她一向勤劳苦干，得到了丰厚的回报。
They are now reaping the rewards of all their hard work.
现在，他们的全部辛劳都得到了回报。
She was rewarded for her 40 years' faithful service with the company.
她为公司忠诚服务了40年，因而获得奖赏。
There will be a prize for the most innovative design.
将设立一项最具创意设计奖。
She won first prize in the competition.
她在竞赛中获得头奖。
The star prize is a weekend for two in Paris.
特等奖是二人巴黎周末游。
She was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.
她获颁诺贝尔和平奖。
He won first prize in the woodwind section.
他获得木管乐器组一等奖。
【考点过关】
用award, reward和prize的适当形式填空
1. He won the _______ of 1000 dollars in the football match last week.
2. The lady gave him a _______ for his helping her.
3. She won the first ______ at the speech contest.
4. A $100 ________ has been offered for the return of the backpack.
5. He won the Housing Design ________ for the year 2011.
6. The award of the Nobel ________ has crowned a glorious career in physics.
7. The police will ________ whoever provides useful information to catch the robber.
8. His efforts ________ with good fruits at last.
9. They ________ John the first prize last month.
10. The police are offering a big _______ for information about the robbery.
【参考答案】
1. award/prize; 2. reward; 3. prize; 4. reward; 5. Award; 6. Prize; 7. reward; 8. were rewarded; 9. awarded; 10. reward
●eventually; at last; in the end; finally; lastly
【教材原句】
Although he believed he would only ever act on stage, Reeve tried out for, and was eventually given the lead role in a Superman film. (教材P58)
【辨析】
五者都有“最后”之意。
eventually, finally 表示某事在很长一段时间之后 发生。
finally, in the end 表示某事的结果。
at last 表示某事在等待或努力了很久之后终于发生，而且会为此感到很高兴。
lastly, finally 用于引出你想说的最后一点、一系列动作中的最后一个， 或清单中的最后一项。
【例句呈现】
You will succeed eventually/finally.
你终会成功的。
Eventually/Finally, her own publishing firm was set up.
最后，她自己的出版公司成立了。
When she eventually/finally turned up, the food was cold.
等她终于到来的时候，饭莱已经凉了。
Finally/In the end we decided to cancel the trip.
最后我们决定取消这次旅行。
Finally/In the end the teachers were determined to cancel the exam.
最后，老师们决定取消这次考试。
It’s good to be home at last.
真好, 终于回家了。
They were successful ten years later at last.
十年后他们终于成功了。
Lastly/Finally, I would like to remind you that smoking is not allowed here.
最后，我想提醒大家注意的是，这里不准抽烟。
Load the paper, select the number of copies, and lastly/finally press “Print"。
装好纸， 选择打印 份数，最后按“打印”。
【考点过关】
用at last, eventually, in the end, finally或lastly 填空
1. _____, I'd like to ask you about your plans.
2. They wash their hands, arms and faces, and ______, they wash their feet.
3. You can try your best to impress the interviewers, but ______ it's often just a question of luck.
4. He tried various jobs and _______ became an accountant.
5. The performance ________ started half an hour late.
6. I ______ managed to get her attention.
7. _______, the army caught up with him in Latvia.
8. Our flight _______ left five hours late.
9. These workers finished the great project ________.
10. She first went to a river, then climbed a hill and ______ visited a village.
【参考答案】
1. Lastly/Finally; 2. lastly/finally; 3. in the end; 4. in the end; 5. finally; 6. finally; 7. Eventually; 8. eventually; 9. at last; 10. lastly/finally
●this/that was a time when…. ; there was a time when….. ; there comes a time when….
【教材原句】
This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews. (教材P66)
【辨析】
两个句式结构相似，意义和用法不同。
this/that was a time when…. 表示“这是/那是….的时刻/时候/一段…..时期/年代”
there was a time when…..表示“曾经有一段时间…..； 一度有一段时间….；曾几何时；历史上有一段时间”，一般说明过去的事情，因此常用一般过去时。
there comes a time when….表示“到了…..时刻；是….的时候/时刻了；总会有….的时候； 有时候；总有一天”，用来说明常见的现象或情况，因此常用一般现在时态。
【例句呈现】
This was a time when you had to keep calm.
这段时间你必须保持镇定。
This was a time when the first metals were brought to Britain.
这一时期正值金属首次被带到英国。
This was a time when Europe seemed unchallenged in its prosperity and leadership.
那时的欧洲有着不可撼动的繁华与影响力。
This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
这是每个人必须有通行证才能居住在约翰内斯堡的时期。
This was a time when the energies would start to reverse and spiral backwards merging with the time of Atlantis.
这就是能量开始倒转和螺旋往后与亚特蓝提斯岛时间融合的时候。
That was a time when Michael Jackson still looked relatively handsome.
那个时候正是迈克尔杰克逊还长得比较漂亮的时候。
That was a time when I took a crazy liking to rock 'n' roll.
那个时候我已经开始非常狂热地去喜欢摇滚乐。
There comes a time when children need to know more than the basic facts of life.
是时候孩子们了解更多有关生命的基本事实了。
There comes a time when your heart yearns to be healed.
是时候需要治愈你的心灵创伤了。
You can't do everything for your children because there comes a time when they must leave home and spread their wings.
你不能为孩子们包干一切，因为总有一天他们必须离家施展他们自己的才能。
There comes a time when you need to make the tough decision to say no to people who aren’t helping you grow.
有时候你需要做出艰难的决定，对那些不能帮助你成长的人说不。
There was a time when each teacher spent an hour, one day a week, testing pupils in every subject
曾经，每个老师每周里都有一天花上一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。
There was a time when Liverpool players never seemed to get injured, but now they are going down like the mud.
利物浦队的队员一度似乎怎么都不会受伤，但现在像烂泥一样一倒了一片。
There was a time when Charles was coasting at school and I should have told him to work hard.
有一段时间查尔斯在学校不太用功，我当时应该让他加把劲的。
【考点过关】
根据there comes a time when….和there was a time when….用法填空
1. There ______ (come) a time for every person when his or her identity is gone, and the quality of life should be valued more than the mere presence of it.
2. During those years, there was _______ time when graduating from a university was a reason for celebration.
3. There comes a time _______ every boy becomes a man.
4. You've made the right decision for your family, but there _______ (be) a time when I was your only family.
5. There comes a time ________ dying seems preferable to staying alive.
6. ________ was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are gone.
7. There comes a time _______ one must attend diligently to personal and family matters," he said. "Now is such a time for me."
8. There ________ (be) a time when he came to know Mr. Beethoven well.
9. ______ was a time when I had some difficulties in my life.
10. There was a time ________ the police thought the old man murdered the panda.
【参考答案】
1. comes; 2. a; 3. when; 4. was; 5. when; 6. There; 7. when; 8. was; 9. There; 10. when
●主语 + be afraid of doing sth.; 主语 + be afraid to do sth.
【教材原句】
They were often hungry and always afraid of being caught. (教材P66)
【辨析】
两个短语都有“怕做某事”的意思, 但实际含义及涉及语境有明显区。
主语 + be afraid of doing sth. 表示主语担心做了某事会出现某种后果。
主语 + be afraid to do sth. 表示主语没有胆量做某事，对做某事感到恐惧。
【例句呈现】
They are afraid to swim because they are afraid of drowning.
他们不敢游泳，因为他们担心会被淹死。
They may be afraid of losing you.
他们可能害怕失去你。
She was afraid of waking her husband.
她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I was afraid of hurting his feelings.
我怕伤了他的感情。
He came late to school and was afraid of being scolded by the teacher.
他上学迟到了, 害怕被老师责备。
He is afraid of being beaten by his father.
他怕被他爸打。
Don't be afraid to talk to someone who has more experience.
不要害怕与有更多经验的人交谈。
Don't be afraid to experiment.
别害怕做尝试。
I want you to never be afraid to make a decision
任何时候都不要害怕做决定。
Don't be afraid to ask for advice about ordering the meal
点餐时可以大胆征求意见。
These boys are afraid to speak in front of the audience.
这些孩子不敢在众人面前说话。
It is common for children to be afraid to sleep alone.
小孩子不敢一个人睡觉是很常见的。
【考点过关】
根据be afraid of doing sth. 和be afraid to do sth. 的用法填空
1. Don't be afraid _______ (stand) up for yourself.
2. Criticize yourself when you've made a mistake. Don't be afraid _____ (lose) face.
3. I’m afraid ______ (jump) into the river.
4. Don't be afraid ______ (make) mistakes and we can learn from them!
5. Don't be afraid ______ (laugh) at by others.
6. Tom was afraid _______ (answer) questions at class.
7. The girl is afraid to ride the bike because she is afraid _______ (fall) down from it.
8. He was afraid _______ (go) out alone at night.
9. I’m afraid _______ (speak) English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes.
10. He is afraid _______ (touch) the snake.
【参考答案】
1. to stand; 2. of losing; 3. to jump; 4. of making; 5. of being laugh; 6. to answer; 7. of falling; 8. to go; 9. to speak; 10. to touch
PAGE
2 / 2