(共12张PPT)
The Words That Changed A Nation
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak. The place was the site of a recent battle where thousands of soldiers had died.
定语从句
The man was Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America and he was there in memory of（为了纪念） the soldiers who had died. The speech he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes. But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape（塑造） a nation.
At that time, America was bitterly divided（分裂，分歧）. For two years, its people had been deep in a civil war （内战）between the slave-owning Confederate Southern States and the“free”Northern States of the Union. The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863. The Union side won but at a great cost（付出巨大代价）. Over 50,000 soldiers were
killed or wounded,
and people lost
hope and purpose.
What was all this
suffering for
Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people（平民）. His speech gave them hope, beliefand a reason to look to the future（展望未来）. He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be（宾语从句）, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers（开国元勋） 87 years before. It was what the soldiers had died for. （表语从句）
Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step （一步步）towards the equality of humankind.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth（建立，使产生）, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived（孕育，构想） in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition（主张） that all men are created equal.
八十七年前，我们先辈在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。
The Gettysburg Address
---By Abraham Lincoln
同位语从句
Now we are engaged in（从事） a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met here on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of （一部分）it as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live（目的状语从句）. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this（主语从句）.
我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的。
But in a larger sense（从更广泛意义上说）, we can not dedicate – we can not consecrate – we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.
但是，从更广泛的意义上说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，不能够圣化，不能够神化。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，已经把这块土地圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。
The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here（宾语从句）, but can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they have, thus far, so nobly carried on（继续）.
我们今天在这里所说的话，全世界不大会注意，也不会长久地记住，但勇士们在这里所做过的事，全世界却永远不会忘记。毋宁说，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。
It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us – that （同位语从句）from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion（定语从句） – that（同位语从句） we here highly resolve that （宾语从句）these dead shall not have died in
vain; that （宾语从句）this nation ,under God,shall have a new birth of freedom; and that （宾语从句）this government of the people（民有）, by the people（民治）, for
the people（民享）, shall not perish from the earth.
倒是我们应该在这里把自已奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上吸取更多的献身精神，来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业；我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲；我们要使国家在上帝福佑下自由的新生，要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。(共14张PPT)
My 100 Days With MSF
Today we celebrate. It‘s exactly one month since the last reported case. But it is vital not to take any chances. So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades in arms, raise virtual glasses to each other.
My 100 Days With MSF 22 March 2015
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago. When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help. I knew I was putting my life at risk, but I thought, “If I
So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades in arms, raise virtual glasses to each other.
因此，来自几乎同样多国家的20名医疗工作者，同志们手挽手互相举起了虚拟酒杯。
comrades in arms是20 health care workers的同位语，意为“战友”。virtual glasses，意为“虚拟酒杯”，因为担心交叉感染，医护人员只能假装举起酒杯庆祝。
与老战友的那次聚会很欢乐。
The meeting with the old _________________ is a joyful one.
玩家可以在虚拟世界中扮演角色进行角逐。
The players can compete in a ________ world of role playing.
comrades in arms
virtual
don't do it, who will ” It is important to remember that Ebola doesn't respect national boundaries. There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
My mission was to relieve (接替）Emma, a
Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at
the end of her posting. Emma spent an hour
with me in the staff room talking me
through the daily routine. As she talked, I
could hear at least three different
languages being spoken at the tables around us.
There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else involved in combating this terrible disease.
医生、病人或任何参与抗击这一可怕疾病的人都没有国界。
involved后置定语修饰前面的名词
别卷入他们的问题里。
Don't get involved in their problems.
鼓励你的孩子参与挑选图书。
Let your child be involved in the process of choosing books.
be/ get involved in意为“使卷入；使陷入；鼓励……参与”。
combat n. 争斗, 战斗
v. 与...战斗, 反对; 战斗, 搏斗
in combat 在作战
combat with/ against... for..．为了……与……战斗
我们为了自己的权利而与他们争斗。
We combated with them for our rights.
昨天城里发生了肉搏战。
Yesterday we saw hand-to-hand combat in the city.
我必须与不断想吃巧克力的欲望作斗争。
I have to combat this constant desire to eat chocolate.
没有人知道有多少军队在战斗中死亡。
No one knew how many troops had died in combat.
Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF: Wilton, a young local man, who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and who disinfected clothing and surfaces; Maisy, a retired public health official from Darwin, Australia, whose local team of volunteers
educated people on preventing infection;Alfonso, a soft-spoken温声细语 Argentinian doctor in his fifties, who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in
Sierra Leone and Guinea. The list went on. I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica. With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
In the few weeks since then, I have come to know these people very well. We
have worked together, surrounded by blood, vomit and death. But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here in the back of a van. All of them were infected. The twin girls and their parents soon died. We knew there was little
But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
但是，尽管死亡率很高，我们永远不会放弃一个病人，我们的努力有时会带来奇迹。
死亡率在下降，因为我们能够很早作出诊断。
The death rate is falling because we are able to make the diagnosis so early.
死亡人数截至目前至少有12人。
The death toll now stands at/reach 12 at least.
他力劝他们不要对和平努力绝望。
He urged them not to give up on peace efforts.
our efforts do sometimes end in miracles中do表示强调，强调谓语动词end, 意为“确实，的确”。
hope for the brothers, but we did everything we could to save them. When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to
see that against all odds, both boys were still alive. Pascal and Daniel have since made a full recovery. This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those who have come from
When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
第二天早上我们去看病房时，惊奇地发现两个孩子克服了重重困难仍然活着。
尽管有很大的困难，我还是按时完成了任务。
Against all odds, I still finished my word well on time.
尽管困难重重，他的重伤还是痊愈了。
Against all the odds, he recovered from his terrible injuries.
尽管有极大的困难，她还是实现了当芭蕾舞演员的梦想。
Against all the odds she achieved her dream of becoming a ballerina.
尽管有很大的困难，困难重重
This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
第二天早上我们去看病房时，惊奇地发现两个孩子克服了重重困难仍然活着。
他们的幽默感能弥补他们经验的不足。
Their sense of humour can _________________ their lack of experience.
这笔钱是用来补偿受害者的损失的。
The money is intended to __________ victims ____their losses.
compensate for 补偿（损失）；弥补（过失）compensate sb for sth 用某物补偿某人的（损失）
compensate for
compensate for
different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause. It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy and Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
Now my time is almost up. In a few days, someone else will arrive to step into my shoes, and the tireless work that the MSF members do in more than 70 countries and regions around the world will go on. In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
