(共19张PPT)
U6 Survival
starting out+understanding ideas
flood
water shortage
/drought
Which country suffers from a lot of rain but it is usually very dry
security concerns
shortage of supplies
food shortages can cause famine,
migration, collapse of social order and war
water shortages, crop failure
haze/smog
thunderstorm
lightning
land slide
rock-mud flow
sandstorm
disease outbreak
security concerns
shortage of supplies
quarantine, shortage of hospital services, panic, panic- buying of essentials, misinformation
medicines, food or other supplies
earthquake
tsunami
tidal wave
security concerns
shortage of supplies
difficult to leave the area to find safety;
Power and communications may have been cut off;
risk of further quakes via an aftershock
food, water, medicines, fuel, electricity
shipwreck
security concerns
shortage of supplies
dangers of drowning or of dying from exposure
food, water
NASA
security concerns
shortage of supplies
extreme temperatures, low pressures, radiation, loss of bones and muscles due to zero-gravity environment, activities such as eating and drinking
everything they need with them, even air
Amazon Jungle
security concerns
shortage of supplies
wild animals, venomous insects, difficuit to travel and navigate
food, water, medicines
Antarctica
What difficulties do they face How do they overcome them
They have to endure extreme weather including freezing temperatures, fierce winds and strong blizzards. When they go outside the stations, they wear special clothes for protection. As weather can change from calm to white-out in minutes, people have to take a special survival bag in case they are trapped outside overnight.
One of the most difficult things is the long days and nights. They may cause issues with the scientists' body clocks. The darkness also makes outdoor research impossible.
Watch the video Living and Working in Antarctica:
It is almost impossible to grow fresh produce there because of the extreme conditions, and most food is imported. It is difficult for scientists to have a varied diet, and they can't get enough fresh fruit and vegetables.
They have to face psychological problems. To keep the scientists psychologically healthy, research stations offer activities and entertainment including live music and lectures.
hedgehog on campus
Would you be surprised to see these animals in a city
Where would you normally expect to find these animals
racoons in cities
Predict what the title
means from the title
and pictures in the
passage.
Choose the topic sentences for Paragraphs 2–5 and write them on thelines to complete the passage.
a One thing crucial to the increasing number of“urban animals” is their ability to adapt.
b People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration.
c For those animals that don’t adapt, the city can be a dangerous or even deadly place.
d Yet, for its newest and wildest inhabitants, a city can offer many benefits.
2–b 3–d 4–a 5–c
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
1 out of their natural habitats
2 Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to move in with us.
3 Out of reach from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives.
4 Hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we throw away.
5 intelligent than their wild cousins
6 Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes.
7 Some birds crash into windows because they are unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass.
8 Some birds have yet to change their migratory routes that take them through cities with high- rise buildings.
9 look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats
Debate
Now think about what people can do to achieve a balance between the need for urban development and the protection of wild animals.
The day after tomorrow(共16张PPT)
Plan B: Life on Mars
Work in plete the quiz and find out how much you know about Mars. Try to guess if you are not sure of the answers.
1. a 2. a 3. c 4. b
Activity 2
Read the passage and find out why humans might live on Mars.
Because Mars is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets.
Plan B: Life on Mars
Mind map
Scientists are preparing Plan B for earth due to the risks.
The reason why Mars is fit for human habitation.
The attempts to explore Mars.
The challenges and progress in trying to live on Mars.
We need to take care of our own planet.
nuclear missiles, environmental problems, disasters
fascination
unmanned spacecraft in the 1960s, manned missions
requirements, months, unable to return
Biosphere 2 experiment, growing a variety of plants
Choose the magazine in which you would most likely find the passage and give your reasons.
1 The Traveller
2 All About Space
3 Environmental Concerns
4 Biology for Fun
Activity 4
Choose the statements that can be inferred from the passage.
Humans have yet not visited Mars.
People want to go to Mars on holiday.
There are plants growing on Mars.
The greatest risk to life on Earth used to be nuclear missiles.
One day, humans will have to go and live on another planet.
Our Plan A includes developing renewable energy resources.
The Biosphere 2 experiment ended in failure.
In _____ 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was _____ the human race, and possibly all _________ (advance) life forms on the planet, could ____________(被毁灭) by nuclear missiles, just at the push of a button. Today, however, environmental problems have taken over as the greatest risk ____ life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to _____(low) this risk, such as replacing coal and oil ____ forms of renewable energy. But they are also ——___________________(做最坏的打算): what can we do if the ________(terrify) scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life What is our Plan B for Earth
the
that
advanced
be wiped out
to
lower
with
preparing for the worst
terrifying
One option is _________(explore) other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars, ______ is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than _____ of other planets. Mars ___________ (fascinate) people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian _________ (explore) is greater than ever before. Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide _________ (popular). More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public____ the Red Planet, for example, the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China’s Qinghai Province.
to explore
which
that
has fascinated
exploration
popularity
on
Since the 1960s, we __________________ (send) unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, _______(send)back valuable data and stunning images. Our robots have explored the Martian surface, ________(test) the soil and searching for resources, water and signs of life. __________(encourage) by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next twenty-five years.
have been sending
sending
testing
Encouraged
_______________________(毫无疑问) humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making ____ our second home. However, ________(send) people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence of the human race. ______ the Moon can be reached within days, it would take months to reach Mars, travelling _______ dangerous solar radiation. And even if the first settlers do reach Mars ______(safe), they may not be able to return to Earth – ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge, but as ______(prove) by the Biosphere 2 experiment, not impossible.
There is no doubt that
it
sending
While
through
safely
proved
As early as the 1980s, scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert. It consisted ____ a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together. The “closed” concept meant that the space _______________(design) to function with its own oxygen, food and water, needing nothing from the outside world. Although the two-year experiment was not ___ success, it _____ provide us _____ a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. More recently, scientists have succeeded in ______(grow) a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. That definitely is a big step forward.
of
was designed to
a
did
with
growing
For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime, _______(science) research shows that the planet Earth is getting ______(warm). This change is being caused by human activity and is ______________________(有严重影响) the biosphere. Until we are ______(final) able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own. Right now, it’s the only one we have!
scientific
warmer
having a terrible effect on
finally
Writing a survival story
Activity 6
1 Where is the person in the story
2 What difficulties is he facing
3 What has he already done to stay alive
4 What will he do next
1 The person in the story is on Mars.
2 He has to keep himself safe from the deadly radiation outside. And he is facing the lack of water, oxygen and food.
3 He has resumed communication with the base. He has discovered an underground ice deposit to get water, and produce oxygen with the water.
4 He will work out how to farm on Mars and grow plants with seeds.
be caught in a dust storm
resume communication with the base
be powered by
protect me from the deadly radiation
go wrong
keep me safe from exposure to the Martian surface
at a time
be short of
if the electricity holds
被困在沙尘暴中
重新和基地恢复通信
由...驱动，发电
保护我免遭致命的辐射
出问题，出故障
让我避免暴露在火星表面
一次，每次
短缺
如果电力持续供应
Thank You(共14张PPT)
The Wild
within
The Wild Within
benefits
reasons
phenomenon
adaptations
conclusion
dangers
urban development and climate change
It's we humans who have moved into their territory.
appealing spaces
out of reach from their natural predators
plenty to eat
intelligent than their wild cousins
change living habits to fit in with new homes
birds dying from window impacts
The crime took place(发生) in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. Spotting(spot) the car with its window left(leave) open, the greedy thief didn't hesitate. Within seconds, he had reached(reach) inside and run away with a bag of shopping. No matter how many(不论多少...) crimes he committed, the police were powerless(power) to arrest him.
You see, this was no ordinary criminal, it was a chacma baboon. Once almost unheard of(hear),scenes like this one in Cape Town are now common all over the world. With foxes in London, mountain Lions in San Francisco and wild pigs in Hong Kong,it is almost as if our cities are being taken over(take over) by wild animals.
Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible for(是...的原因) pushing the animals out of their natural habitats.However true(无论事实如何) this is,we also need to consider that some of these so-called "urban animals" have never moved at all- it's we humans who have moved into their territory. Wherever(无论到哪) they go, animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes, they have no choice but to move(move) in with us.
As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly appealing(appeal) spaces to animals looking for new habitats.
Out of reach(远离)from many of their natural predators, these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives.
Today, foxes can be seen all over London — one even
being found(find) living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was under construction! What's more, hungry animals are finding plenty(大量，许多) to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we throw away(扔掉).
There is evidence that urban racoons are more intelligent than their wild cousins, as they frequently have to figure out(解决) difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers which they would not find in the wild. Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with(适应) their new homes.
Although naturally active at night, urban foxes come out in daylight if the reward is good enough. Their city location also means that they are getting a taste for the multicultural(culture) cuisine on offer from the garbage, such as hamburgers, lamb kebabs and even garlic bread!
Unable(able) to distinguish between blue sky and glass, birds crash into windows at speeds of(以...的速度) about 50 miles per hour. Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone.
die out 灭绝；消失
例：Laws should be passed to protect pandas.
Otherwise, they are certain to _______.
die out
【拓展】die相关的短语
① die of 因……而死
die of illness (heart trouble, cancer, a fever,
hunger, etc)
② die from 由于……而死
die from an earthquake (a traffic accident, wound,
lack of food,over work, carelessness, drinking,etc)
③ die away 指声音、光等渐渐消失；风等渐渐减弱、
停下来；也可指人慢慢死去
Shockingly(shock), these deaths amount to(到达，总计) around ten per cent of the total US bird population. Some species are more affected than others. One theory behind this is that these birds have yet to change their migratory(migrate) routes that take them through cities with high-rise buildings.
However(无论如何) they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. Only then can we look towards harmoniously(harmony) sharing our urban habitats. Whatever(不管什么) the reasons behind these species entering(enter) our cities, one thing is for sure -as it's often a means of(一种方式，方法) their survival, they could be with us to stay.
Thanks for
watching(共18张PPT)
Using language
Adverbial clauses with -ever and no matter
Activity 1
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentences (a) and (c) are from the reading passage. What is the difference between the sentences in each group
1. The difference between the sentences in each group is that sentences (a) and (c) are more emphatic. Sentences (b) and (d) state facts without any particular emphasis.
“no matter + 疑问词” ，“疑问词+ever” 在此引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不管”
What sentence pattern can you find from the song “Right here waiting”
Wherever you go,
Whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
Whatever it takes, or
how my heart breaks, I will be right here waiting for you.
No matter how many crimes he committed, the police were powerless ...
However true this is, we also need to consider that ...
Wherever they go, animals find towns and cities in their way.
However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's important that ...
Whatever the reasons behind thesespecies entering our cities, one thing ..
Now look for more sentences with adverbial clauses with -ever and no matter in the reading passage
What other words can be combined with -ever and no matter to form adverbial clauses
whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whenever, however; no matter who, no matter whom, no matter what, no matter which, no matter when, no matter where, no matter whether, no matter how, etc.
Activity
无论他说什么，都不要相信他。
No matter what he says, don't trust him.
Whatever he says, don't trust him.
不管是谁来这个派对，他\她都会收到一份礼物。
Whoever comes to the party, he will receice a gift.
No matter who comes to the party, he will receice a gift.
“no matter + 疑问词” ，“疑问词+ever” 可否替换？
让步状语从句：“no matter + 疑问词”，“疑问词+ever”
名词性从句：疑问词（疑问代词）+ever
___________ comes to the party will receice a gift.
山羊找到什么就吃什么。
Goats eat whatever they find.
Whoever
attention !
无论多晚，我都会等她。
However late she is, I will wait for her.
无论我怎么努力，我好像都减不下去肥。
I never seem to lose any weight, however hard I try.
however + adj\adv + 主语 + 谓语
让步状语从句的位置：主句前\后，且从句的动词可以省略。
无论发生什么，我都会帮你
No matter what (happens), I'll help you.
无论代价是什么，我们都必须救他。
We must save him, whatever the cost (is).
Activity 2
Rewrite the underlined sentences using adverbial clauses with -ever and no matter.
1. Whatever past experience you have had / No matter what past experience you have had, please read these survival tips carefully:
2. Whenever a wildfire breaks out / No matter when a wildfire breaks out, leave the area quickly but calmly.
3. No matter how many people there are in your group / However many people there are in your group, don’t split up.
4. Wherever you go in the wild / No matter where you go in the wild, take a first aid kit with you.
Activity 3
Read the story and complete the sentences using adverbial clauses with -ever and no matter.
1. No matter how many times she was rushed to the ICU / However many times she was rushed to the ICU, Jane never gave up hope.
2. Wherever she went / No matter where she went, Jane would invite people to donate tissue samples for research purposes.
3. Jane is determined to live a fulfilling life no matter what the future holds / whatever the future holds.
4. No matter what difficulties she might face / Whatever difficulties she might face, Jane is determined to help patients recover from this cancer.
regardless of
a wildfire breaks out
get lost in
split up
a first aid kit
be diagnosed with a rare and deadly cancer
inform sb of sth
high-risk surgery
be rushed to the ICU
give up hope
shortly after recovery
take an internship
donate tissue samples for research purposes
be determined to live a fulfilling life
in spite of
face difficulties
不管，无论...
野火爆发
迷失，走丢
分开，分离
急救工具箱
被诊断患一种稀少且致命的癌症
通知某人某事
高风险手术
被送到ICU
放弃希望
恢复后不久
实习
为研究捐献组织样本
14. 决心过有意义的人生
15. 尽管...
16. 面对困难
Facing crisis
Activity 5
Listen to the conversation and choose the ideas NOT conveyed by the speakers.
1. The story of Robinson Crusoe is a very sad survival story.
2. It takes great patience for Robinson Crusoe to survive on the island.
3. Robinson Crusoe is a clever and optimistic man.
4. Robinson Crusoe’s words are good suggestions when we faced with a crisis.
5. The most important reason for Robinson Crusoe’s survival is his calmness.
Listen again and complete the diagram:
Activity 6
1. lose his head 2. gets necessary things
3. lives in a cave 4. builds a fence
5. makes a fire 6. out of wood
7. sewing animal skins together
8. knowledgeable
9. widen and deepen his cave
10. ruined by a landslide / ruined by a fall of
earth
11. feel depressed
12. redoes the work, using wooden posts to
make the cave stronger than before
13. looks more upon the bright side of his condition, and less upon the dark side
14. positive attitude
Activity 7
Complete the boxes with the
expressions from the conversation.
What do you think…
What’s your take on this
The way I see it, … Personally, I think / believe…
I’m quite impressed…
What surprises me more is …
I can’t agree more. I think you are right.
I think so, too. That’s true.
Activity 9
Read the newspaper reports and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
1. What situations are mentioned in the headlines
2. How do people and organizations react to these crises
1 The first one tells of an outbreak of a new disease. The second one reports a heat wave. The third one tells of an oil shortage. The fourth one reports the invasion of foreign species on an island. The fifth one tells of the spreading of a huge fire.
2 1）Doctors are flying there and will be testing various medicines to find a cure.
2）Countries which are hit by a heat wave advise people to stay indoors and avoid exercise. Some people go to swimming pools and beaches to cool themselves down.
3）The president has announced measures to limit fuel consumption and scientists are finding new measures and fuel sources.
4）Scientists are carrying out a three-year programme to eliminate the introduced species.
5）Firefighters brought the huge fire under control after battling for hours.
Activity 10
Read the advertisement and rewrite the underlined expressions with the correct form of words and expressions in Activity 9.
1. battling
2. cope with
3. struggle with
4. eliminate
5. bring our problems under control
off the coast
an outbreak of a new disease
in a struggle to find a cure
struggle with/wrestle with
issue warnings
cope with
limit fuel consumption
work on energy-saving measures
implement a three-year program
bring blaze under control
fight against/battle global warming
get rid of/eliminate
海岸线外
新疾病的爆发
努力寻找治愈方法
挣扎
发布警告
应付
限制燃料消耗
致力于节能措施
实施一个三年项目
控制住大火
对抗全球变暖
去除
thank you
