(共38张PPT)
UNIT 3
DIVERSE CULTURES
单元话题
导入
多元文化是指在一个社会、国家和民族中存在的多种文化的总称。世界文化具有多样性的特点，不同历史和国情、不同民族和习俗孕育了不同的文明，共同构成了多姿多彩的世界。
看图感悟语境，选词填空
1. M：My favourite dish is Mapo tofu or _______________ （辛辣的豆腐）. What about you？
W：I like American food. You know， I like _____________ （幸运曲奇）.
2. In this society full of historical background and highly private secrets， _______________________________ （人类的文化应是多姿多彩的）.
spicy bean curd
fortune cookies
human culture should be colourful
3. As a local， it's my great honour to ______________
______________________ （向你介绍这里的文化特色） and special products of my hometown.
4. ____________________________ （文化自信） is a broader， deeper， and more fundamental form of self-confidence； and it is the most essential， profound， and enduring source of strength for the development of a country and a nation.
introduce to you the cultural features here
Self-confidence in one's culture
双语名言——英文好声音，人生正能量 (教师备用)
Although the world is full of suffering， it is full also of the overcoming
of it. — Hellen Keller
虽然世界多苦难，但苦难总是能被战胜的。 ——海伦·凯勒
2. Everything can be taken from a man but one thing： the freedom to choose his attitude in any given set of circumstances. — Leonhard Frand
我可以拿走一个人的任何东西，但有一样东西不行，这就是在特定环境下选择自己的生活态度的自由。 ——莱昂哈特·弗兰克
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
目录
contents
话题听说 勤操练
01
知识要点 须拾遗
02
1．chips covered in ______ 裹着奶酪的土豆条
2．_____ stew 辛辣的炖菜
3．______ group 具有民族特色的群体；族群
4．explore _______ cultures 探索多元文化
5．a symbol of good _______ and wealth 好运和财富的象征
cheese
spicy
ethnic
diverse
fortune
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1．How did the man go to London
A．By bus．
B．By car．
C．By underground．
2．What did the man and his friends have for the meal
A．Spanish food．
B．Chinese food．
C．Mexican food．
3．What did the man say about the restaurant
A．It was full．
B．It was quiet．
C．It was expensive．
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4．Which of these carols would the woman be unfamiliar with
A．Jingle Bells．
B．Joy to the World．
C．Santa Claus is Coming to Town.
5．What do we know about figgy pudding
A．It's a traditional American dessert．
B．It's a kind of cake．
C．It's not that popular these days．
6．What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A．Some popular Christmas foods．
B．The difficult words in Christmas songs．
C．The woman's favourite Christmas song．
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7．Where are the speakers
A．At the man's house．
B．At a restaurant．
C．At the woman's house．
8．What is the woman
A．A cook． B．A teacher． C．A student．
9．How does the man think of the fried kidney
A．Tasty． B．Salty． C．Disgusting．
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How many Britons can speak at least one foreign language
A．18%． B．38%． C．62%．
11．Why do many young people quit learning a foreign language in the UK
A．They find it too hard．
B．It's too easy for them．
C．It's not interesting．
12．What does the British government plan to do to improve language learning
A．Train language teachers．
B．Offer more foreign language choices．
C．Encourage students to learn two foreign languages．
听力原文：
(Text 1)
W：I tried to phone you yesterday．
M：Oh, sorry．I was busy all day and then I went to London in the evening for a meal with some friends．
W：Did you take your car
M：I left it at home．Parking is such a problem．But the underground was closed for repairs so I had to take the bus．It was quite slow．
W：Did you go to your favourite Spanish restaurant
M：I was hoping to try some Mexican food but my friends booked a table in a Chinese place．
W：Was it expensive
M：Quite cheap actually, and the food was very good — but it's only a small restaurant so a lot of people had to wait for tables — and it was quite noisy．
W：You didn't stay there and talk afterwards then!
M：We went for a walk along the river．I had a really good evening．
(Text 2)
M：Hi, Julia．Do you like the Christmas carols we're singing in choir this month
W：Not really, to be honest．I'm really unfamiliar with most of them．In China, the carols we really know are Jingle Bells and Santa Claus is Coming to Town. I don't really understand the words of any other ones．
M：Do you want me to explain the words to you I think it's important to understand the words you're singing．
W：Yeah, that sounds great! Let's start with We Wish You a Merry Christmas．What in the world is figgy pudding, and why are people asking for it
M：That is a weird line! Figgy pudding is a traditional British Christmas dessert．It kind of looks like a cake．It's not that common today, but people used to give a figgy pudding to each other at Christmas hundreds of years ago．
(Text 3)
W：Everything is ready．Please come to the dining room．
M：Wow, what a marvelous table you've got here! I've long heard Chinese dishes are well-known all over the world for their colour, aroma and taste．
W：I hope you like my cooking．
M：I think you are not only a good teacher but also a good cook．
W：Thanks for the compliment．Let's begin with chicken which will bring luck to the guests, according to Chinese culture．
M：It sounds interesting．In that case, I'll eat more．
W：Please help yourself to it．
M：Thanks．I like fried kidney best among Chinese food．
W：Have a try．
M：Well, it's really unusual! It's quite tender and delicious!
(Text 4)
W：If you're listening to this, then you're probably studying English．Maybe you speak a couple of other languages too． But what are the British like when it comes to learning languages According to a survey published by the European Commission, the British are officially the worst language learners in Europe — 62 percent of them can't speak any other language apart from their own. While 38 percent of Britons speak at least one foreign language, only 18 percent speak two．Learning a foreign language isn't a popular option at school in Britain; children start studying a foreign language at the age of 11 and may give up completely at 14．
So, why don't young people continue with languages at school Research suggests that students think it is more difficult to get good grades in languages than in other subjects such as science or history． The government is now looking at different ways to improve language learning． One idea is to start much younger and introduce foreign languages from the age of five． Another plan is to give school children more choices and expand the range of languages taught to include Arabic, Mandarin and Urdu．
情境：孙阳是一名高一学生，露西是一名来自加拿大的交换生，他们就多元文化对美国饮食的影响进行了交流。
阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Sun Yang：Hello, Lucy! We learned Western culture yesterday in class．Today 1．_______________________________________________ (我们将谈谈文化对美国食物的影响)．
Lucy：OK! I want to have a better understanding about it．
we will talk about cultural influences on American food
Sun Yang：2．______________________________ (当谈及美国饮食时), some say no food was ever invented in America．What do you think
Lucy：Hmm ... That is not really true．For example，3．____________
_________________________________________ (有人说汉堡原产于德国的汉堡市), but they are wrong．The recipe for the meat in a hamburger may have come from Germany, but the final hamburger we know today was definitely created by Americans．
When it comes to American food
some say the hamburger comes from Hamburg in Germany
Sun Yang：4．__________________________________ (你的意思是有一种文化的融合)？Food from overseas changed when it arrived in the States．
Lucy：Yes．I also know that nachos was invented by a Mexican cook for his American customers．Fortune cookies are not Chinese．
Sun Yang：Wow! That's interesting!
Lucy：And then we have gumbo, the spicy stew．It was invented in New Orleans over 200 years ago, and mixes French, African, Native American, and Spanish cooking．
Sun Yang：5．____________________________________ (所以它是许多不同文化的食物), all in one fish
Lucy：Exactly．American cooking often mixes things from around the world to make something completely new．
You mean there was a mixing of cultures
So it is the food of many different cultures
停顿是在意群之间进行的，是在说话或朗读时根据语义、语速的需要而自然产生的一种语音现象。在同一意群的各个词之间不能停顿，而应一口气读完，使得整体意思不中断，让人能完整地理解说话人的意图。停顿错误会影响句子意思的正确表达和理解。
1．意群：一个句子可以按照意义和语法结构分成几个部分，每一个部分称为一个意群。意群之间可以用“/”符号来隔开。划分意群的基本规则：
①冠词和名词。例如：There is/a coat．
②形容词和名词。例如：It's my/new dress．
③助动词和实义动词。例如：He will come/next Monday．
意群的停顿
④系动词和表语。例如：Tom/looks happy．
⑤介词和它的宾语。例如：He doesn't work/on Saturday．
⑥动词不定式。例如：It is hard/to be a doctor．
⑦副词和动词、形容词和副词。例如：A week/passed very quickly．
⑧分词短语。例如：He is/holding a book．
⑨主语、动词和宾语。例如：Mary told me/a secret．
⑩关系词与从句、连词及后面的部分。例如：We sweat/when it is hot．
2．气群：凡是一口气能说完或者读完的一个句子，或句子的一大部分，称为一个气群。一个气群一般包括若干个意群，说话或者朗读时气长的人可念完一个很长的句子而不停顿，但最短的气群不得少于一个意群。气群用“//”表示。
①Both my brother and I/are fond of tennis．//
②He was cheered/by the large crowd/which assembled at the station. //
朗读下面短文，在适当的地方停顿
It is likely that Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago． Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait by a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times．
答案：It is likely / that Native Americans moved to California / at least fifteen thousand years ago．// Scientists believe / that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait / by a land bridge / which existed in prehistoric times．//
diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的
【教材原句】 In this unit, you will explore the diverse cultures of the world．
在本单元，你将探索世界上多种多样的文化。
【记牢】
(1)be diverse from ... 和……不同
diverse views 不同的观点
(2)diversity n. 差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
a great diversity of 多种多样的
diversely adv. 不同地；各种各样地
【佳句】 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently．
英语是几种不同文化共同使用的语言，每种文化使用英语的方式都不同。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①One of the best ways to improve your vocabulary is to read widely and _________ (diverse)．
②A _________ (diverse) of water-based activities are held, ranging from routine practice to regularly-organised matches．
【写美】 补全句子
③I must grasp this precious opportunity to _____________________________ different countries．
我一定要抓住这次宝贵的机会，体验不同国家的美食。
diversely
diversity
experience diverse foods from
fortune n. 机会；运气；财富
【教材原句】 Every Chinese restaurant in America has fortune cookies．
美国的每一家中餐厅都有幸运曲奇。
【记牢】
(1)seek one's fortune 寻求成功致富之路；闯世界
make a fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
(2)fortunate (＝lucky) adj. 幸运的；吉利的
be fortunate to do sth＝have the fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
(3)fortunately (＝luckily) adv. 幸运地
【佳句】 Nowadays there are more and more young people seeking their fortune in big cities and dreaming of making a fortune overnight．
现在有越来越多的年轻人在大城市闯世界，并梦想着一夜暴富。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I am fortunate _______ (have) a thoughtful enough mom to help me through the hard times．
②___________ (fortune), people have realised the great harm caused by the smog．
【写美】 补全句子
③It's wrong to dream of __________________________________．
梦想不通过努力工作就发大财是错误的。
to have
Fortunately
making a fortune without hard work
句型公式：It is likely that ... 很可能……
【教材原句】 It is likely that Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago．
很可能至少在15，000年以前美洲土著人就迁往加利福尼亚州了。
【记牢】
(1)It is likely that ... 意为“很可能……”，为主语从句，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
(2)It is likely that ... ＝sb is likely to do sth 某人很可能做某事
【佳句】 It is likely that he will represent his school to deliver a speech．
＝He is likely to represent his school to deliver a speech．
他很可能会代表他的学校发表演讲。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①__ is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.
②It is likely ____ they will agree with us．
【写美】 句型转换
③It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking．
→You ______________________ bad health if you keep smoking．
It
that
are likely to suffer from
演示完毕 感谢观看
THANK YOU(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
目录
contents
篇章助解 释疑难
01
文本透析 剖语篇
02
核心知识 巧突破
03
课时检测 提能力
04
Wednesday, 21 June
Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley．[1]I have to admit① that it definitely② feels good to be back in the city again. [2]And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred③in 1906． There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge．[3]
①admit vi. & vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入)
②definitely adv. 肯定；确实
③occur vi. 发生；出现
My hotel is near downtown④， in the Mission⑤ District⑥， one of the oldest parts of the city． Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America． This district used to⑦ be a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food．In fact⑧， an art movement called the “Mission School” started here． It's influenced by graffiti art and
④downtown adv. 在市中心；往市中心
⑤mission n. 传教(区)；重要任务；使命
⑥district n. 地区；区域
⑦used to过去常常
⑧in fact事实上
comic⑨ art． I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours．It was quite modern and lively．Afterwards⑩， I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck． A real mix of cultures here!
[1]动词-ing形式camping和visiting作介词after的宾语。
[2]it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to be back in the city again。
[3]many sitting on top of big hills为独立主格结构， offering ... 是动词-ing短语作伴随状语。
⑨comic n. 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；使人发笑的
⑩afterwards adv. 以后；后来
In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California． I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848． In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, which started a gold rush． Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city．[4] Many Chinese arrived during this period． To earn a living, some
head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
historical adj. (有关)历史的
seek vt. & vi. 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
earn vt. & vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
earn a living谋生
opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country． The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures．[5]When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and built a new home here．
This evening, I went to Chinatown. There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from．[6]I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates．What great food!
open up开张；营业；开业
immigrant n. (外来)移民；外侨
select vt. 选择；挑选；选拔
china n. 瓷；瓷器
[4]to seek their fortune为动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[5]how引导宾语从句，作动词-ing形式showing的宾语。
[6]本句为 “There be ＋ sb/sth＋非谓语动词”结构。
jazz n. 爵士乐
bar n. 酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
6月21日，星期三
在红杉林露营并参观了纳帕谷酒乡后，今天是我回到旧金山的第一天。我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅， 城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。
我住的旅馆靠近市中心，位于教会区，这是旧金山最古老的街区之一。这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域，而现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。事实上，一场名为“教会派”的艺术运动就发源于此。这一运动深受涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。这些艺术十分现代，也很生动。随后，我吃了一份快餐车售卖的美味的墨西哥式中国面。这真是文化的交融啊！
下午，我前往当地一家博物馆参观，博物馆展示了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。我了解到，1848年美国从墨西哥手中得到加利福尼亚。同年，旧金山附近发现黄金，引发了淘金热。世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。很多中国人也在这个时期来到此地。为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。更多的人则在农场打工、加入淘金大军，或者参与修建加州通往美国东部的铁路。这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。这些移民离开他们的祖国时，心中装着一片故土，最终在这里建立了新家园。
今晚，我去了唐人街。这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。太好吃了！
今天就写到这里吧。明天晚上，我要去里士满区的一家爵士酒吧。我已经迫不及待了！
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．The author's introduction to the Mission District．
B．The author's visit to Napa Valley．
C．The author's trip in San Francisco with diverse cultures．
D．The author's camp in the Redwood Forest．
2．Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks．
Camped
impression
noodles
historical changes
Chinatown
jazz
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1．What does the word “definitely” in the first paragraph mean
A．Doubtfully． B．Surely．
C．Extremely． D．Directly．
2．What happened to San Francisco in 1906
A．An earthquake happened．
B．The railway to the eastern region was built．
C．A gold rush started．
D．Over 300，000 Chinese immigrants came to the city．
3．According to the passage, we can learn that ____．
A．Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurants for visitors
B．San Francisco has always been the center for art
C．the gold rush began in Mexico
D．San Francisco is a city mostly influenced by immigrants
4．What is the type of the passage
A．A history novel． B．A home letter．
C．A travel journal． D．A book review．
第三步：抒己见提升思维
1．Why does the writer mention Chinese immigrants to San Francisco
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity
(1)The benefits：____________________________________________
_______________________________________
(2)The challenges：__________________________________________
________________________
Because Chinese immigrants really did a lot of work for building San Francisco and also brought great Chinese culture there．Chinese cultures have a positive effect on the culture in San Francisco．
People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting．
People may have trouble communicating or
understanding each other．
第四步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the environment.
(1)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)_______________________________
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentence showing how the United States was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures．
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge．
It was quite modern and lively．
The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures．
第五步：辨靓点表达升级
1．熟词生义
(1)Her mission in life was to work with the homeless．
A．重要任务 B．代表团
C．使命 D．成功
(2)This big hall is so large that it can admit 2，000 people．
A．承认 B．容纳
C．准许进入(或加入) D．录用
(3)It might have escaped your notice, but I'm very busy at the moment．
A．未被注意到 B．逃走
C．解脱 D．避开
2．词汇升级
(1)I'm wondering what led to the failure of the business.
______________________
(2)Besides selling popcorn on the market，Bernard also promotes his popcorn from door to door． __________
brought about/resulted in
Apart from
3．长难句
(1)And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906．
◎句式分析
◎尝试翻译 ______________________________________________________
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
(2)There are so many beautiful old buildings — many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge．
◎句式分析
◎尝试翻译 _____________________________________________________
____________________________
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥美景尽收眼底。
一、阅读词汇
1．financial district 金融__
2．comic art ____艺术
3．beautiful china plates 精美的_____
4．space mission 太空____
5．graffiti art ____艺术
6．draw a diagram 画一个_____
区
漫画
瓷盘
任务
涂鸦
图表
二、写作词汇
1．a good idea ______ to sb 某人忽然想起一个好主意
2．go _________ and do some shopping 去市中心购物
3．travel _______ 旅行日志
4．______ a Cantonese restaurant 选择一家粤菜馆
5．a jazz ___ 一家爵士乐酒吧
6．______ from the forest 逃出森林
7．____ advice from sb 寻求某人的建议
8．_____ to have discovered a cure for the disease 声称发现了治疗这种疾病的方法
9．watch TV ______ 看电视连续剧
occurs
downtown
journal
select
bar
escape
seek
claim
series
三、拓展词汇
1．_____ the mistake 承认错误→free _________ 免入场费
2．a ________ answer 一个明确的答案→__________ feel good 确实感觉不错
3．a long _______ 历史悠久→take care of our ________ buildings 爱护我们有历史意义的建筑→__________ changes 历史变迁
4．____ some money 挣一些钱→live on ________ 靠收入为生
5．a _____ problem 一个次要的问题→a ________ village 一个少数民族村庄
admit
admission
definite
definitely
history
historic
historical
earn
earnings
minor
minority
1．名词后缀-ity，表示“性质，状态，程度”
diverse adj. 不同的→diversity n. 差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
minor adj. 次要的→minority n. 少数民族；少数人
able adj. 有能力的→ability n. 能力
possible adj. 可能的→possibility n. 可能性
real adj. 真实的→reality n. 现实，真实
|掌握规律 巧记单词|
2．动词＋后缀-(s)sion→名词
admit v. 承认→admission n. 承认
permit v. 允许→permission n. 许可
decide v. 决定→decision n. 决心
express v. 表达→expression n. 表达
discuss v. 讨论→discussion n. 讨论
1．The poor boy left the farm to ________________ (闯世界) in the big city．
2．Nowadays it is very easy to _____________ (谋生) as long as you master
a skill．
3．You can find ___________ (一系列的) English reading materials in the school library．
4．__________ (除了) some spelling mistakes, the composition is fairly good．
seek his fortune
earn a living
a series of
Apart from
1．句型公式：It＋系动词＋adj. (＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
◎教材原句 I have to admit that _____________________________ in the
city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
2．句型公式：动词-ing形式作后置定语
◎教材原句 Many of the people _________ are from Mexico or Central America.
这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。
3．句型公式：There be 句型
◎教材原句 __________ so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from．
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
living here
it definitely feels good to be back
There were
admit vi. & vt. 承认 vt. 准许进入(或加入)；容纳
【教材原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
【记牢】
(1)be admitted as ... 作为……被接受
be admitted into/to ... 准许……进入/加入……
(2)admit sb/sth as/to be ... 承认某人/某事是……
admit doing/having done ... 承认做了……
(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费
【佳句】 Learning that you have been admitted into/to a key university, I am writing to congratulate you．
得知你已被一所重点大学录取，我写信向你表示祝贺。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①She apologised to me and admitted ____________ (take) my umbrella by mistake．
②I had successfully got ________ (admit) to be a volunteer for the 2022 Asian Games．
③I would like to apply for _________ (admit) to Yale University in order to obtain a graduate degree．
having taken
admitted
admission
【写美】 一句多译
④他眼里含着泪水，承认他在期末考试中作弊。
→With his eyes in tears，he ______________________________ in the final examination.
→With his eyes in tears, he __________________________ in the final examination.
admitted cheating/having cheated
admitted that he had cheated
occur vi. 发生；出现
【教材原句】 And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906．
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
【记牢】
sth occurs to sb 某人突然想起某事
It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ... 某人突然想到……
【佳句】 A good idea occurred to me while I was making fortune cookies．
做幸运曲奇时，我突然想到了一个好主意。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ________ (occur)．
②__ never occurred to me that he should adopt the homeless child．
【写美】 一句多译
③我突然想到，我可以让我爸爸帮助我走出这个道德困境。
→____________________ I could ask my father to help me step out of the moral dilemma．
→_____________________ my father to help me step out of the moral dilemma．
→_________________ I could ask my father to help me step out of the moral dilemma．
occurred
It
It occurred to me that
It occurred to me to ask
It struck/hit me that
seek (sought, sought) vt. & vi. 寻找； 寻求； 争取； (向人)请求
【教材原句】 Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city．
世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路， 旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。
【记牢】
(1)seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
seek advice from ... 向……征求建议
(2)seek after/for 追求，寻求
seek out 挑选出；找出
seek to do sth试图做某事
【佳句】 The solution，of course，was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime．
当然， 解决的办法是种树， 这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①To seek ___ your suggestions on our building a Spoken-English classroom, I am specially writing to you．
②We are seeking __________ (achieve) better results in the final examination.
【写美】 补全句子
③In my opinion，when in trouble, we _____________________ those we trust most．
在我看来，遇到困难时，我们应该向那些我们最信任的人寻求帮助。
for
to achieve
should seek help from
select vt. 选择；挑选；选拔
【教材原句】 I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates．
我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘子上的。
【记牢】
(1)select ... as/to be ... 挑选……作为……
select sb to do sth 挑选某人做某事
(2)selection n. 选择；挑选； 选拔
selective adj. 选择性的;有选择的
【佳句】 The players who were selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in the summer games．
从全国选拔出来的运动员们被期望在今年夏天的运动会上为我们带来荣誉。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①We ran out of wood and I ____________ (select) to go and gather more．
②To keep the tradition alive, the local opera is listed as one of the _________ (select) courses in our school．
【写美】 补全句子
③There is no doubt that we will _________________________________ the coming games．
毫无疑问，我们将选出最好的运动员参加即将到来的比赛。
was selected
selective
select the best athletes to take part in
bring about 导致；引起
【教材原句】 What do you think brought about the cultural diversity
你认为是什么导致了这种文化的多样性呢？
【记牢】
bring back 使回想起；使恢复
bring in 引进；生产
bring up 抚养；抚育；谈及
bring down 降低；减少
bring back to life 使复活，给……以活力
【佳句】 However, with its rapid development, it brings about many problems．
然而， 随着它的快速发展， 也导致了很多问题。
【练透】 用bring的相关短语填空
①Everyone was excited, enjoying the convenience _____________ by the shared bicycles．
②I was born and __________ here, so I have a good knowledge of the local culture．
③This picture often ___________ to me many happy memories of my high school days．
【写美】 补全句子
④Luckily, a Chinese immigrant in America, is trying to _____________________.
幸运的是，一位旅美的华裔移民正试图让这门艺术重获生机。
brought about
brought up
brings back
bring this art back to life
escape vi. & vt. 逃走； 逃脱； 避开 n. 逃跑； 逃脱； 解脱
【教材原句】 After visiting the southern part of Yunnan, I have to admit that it is the best region of China to escape the cold winter．
在参观了云南南部地区后，我不得不承认，这是中国躲避寒冷冬季的最佳地区。
【记牢】
(1)escape from ... 从……中逃脱
escape doing sth 逃避做某事
(2)escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意
(3)a narrow escape 死里逃生
【佳句】 Last year, he had a narrow escape, so he doesn't want to risk his life a second time now．
去年，他死里逃生， 因此他现在不想再去冒生命危险了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①To create a low-carbon campus，we should escape ________ (throw) away rubbish here and there．
②She managed to escape ____ the burning car afterwards． In other words, she narrowly escaped ____________ (kill) in the fire．
【写美】 句型转换
③The boy was very lucky to escape injury in the serious traffic accident．
→The boy was very lucky to ____________________ in the serious traffic accident．
throwing
from
being killed
escape being injured
句型公式：It＋系动词＋adj. (＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
【教材原句】 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
【记牢】
当动词不定式、动词-ing形式、从句等用作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句末。
It is/was/feels/seems ... ＋adj. (＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
It is/was/feels/seems ... ＋adj. ＋that从句
It is/was＋n. ＋doing sth
【佳句】 It feels definitely good to be selected as one of the representatives in the activity．
被选为这个活动的代表之一感觉真是太好了。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It's no harm ________ (drink) running water in that area．
②It's difficult for me ___________ (memorize) all these English words．
【写美】 句型转换
③It is necessary that he should be sent there at once．
→_____________________________ there at once．(简单句)
drinking
to memorize
It is necessary for him to be sent
句型公式：There be句型
【教材原句】 There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from．
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
【记牢】
【佳句】 There was nobody to buy popcorn at first, which made Bernard feel like sitting on pins and needles．
一开始没人买爆米花，这让伯纳德感觉如坐针毡。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①At eight on the morning of October 1st，we are to gather at the gate of our school，and there will be a bus _______ (wait) for us．
②There were diverse activities _________ (organise) by the student union to arouse our interest in learning English．
【写美】 补全句子
③_______________________________________ traditional Chinese cultures．
有越来越多的人对中国传统文化感兴趣。
waiting
organised
There are more and more people interested in
head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
【记牢】
(1)head for/towards 朝……前进
head north/south 朝北/南走
【练透】 补全句子
①The person I respect most is my mother ________________________ to fight against COVID-19．
我最尊敬的人是我妈妈，她前往上海抗击疫情。
②After preparing the Mother's Day breakfast，the twins ________________ ____________________ their mother's bedroom．
准备好母亲节早餐后，这对双胞胎昂首挺胸，朝他们母亲的卧室走去。
who headed to/for Shanghai
(2)keep one's head 保持冷静
hold one's head high 昂首挺胸
held their heads high and headed to/for
earn vt. & vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
【记牢】
(1)earn money＝make money 挣钱
earn a living＝make a living 谋生
earn the respect of sb 赢得某人的尊敬
(2)earnings n. 利润；收入，工资
【练透】 补全句子
①As far as I'm concerned, you are old enough ___________________．
在我看来，你已经足够大了，可以谋生了。
②In order to support his family, he made every effort _____________．
为了养家糊口，他竭尽全力挣钱。
to earn/make a living
to earn money
claim vt. & n. 夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索赔
【记牢】
(1)claim one's life 夺去某人的生命
claim to have done sth 声称做了某事
It's claimed that ... 据称/说……
(2)make a claim (on ... ) for ... (向……)提出赔偿……
【练透】 单句语法填空/句型转换
①They claim _____________ (find) the lost boy．
②People claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease．
→_________________ a cure for the disease has been discovered．
to have found
It was claimed that
apart from 除了……外(还)；此外
【记牢】
apart from＝besides 除……之外(还有)
apart from＝except for 除……之外(不包括)
【练透】 补全句子
①___________________________________________, his smile also melted the ice in my deep heart．
除了照亮我的整个世界，他的微笑也融化了我内心的冰。
②Everything was perfect for the picnic _______________________________．
除了天气之外，一切都很适合野餐。
Apart from/Besides lighting up my entire world
apart from/except for the weather
维度一 品句填词
1．In our class，the students who keep journals every day are in a ________ (少数)．
2．He is writing a __________ (历史的) novel about nineteenth-century France．
3．Located in the central ________ (地区), the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price．
4．It was no pleasure watching the football match at home alone, so I went to the ___ (酒吧)．
minority
historical
district
bar
5．I'm __________ (肯定) going to get in touch with these people．
6．The 21st Century Chinese Training School lies in the __________ (市中心) of Zhengzhou．
7．Because of his flexible and practical plan, the company has ______ (赚得) more money than before．
8．I had the good fortune to be ________ (选拔) as manager of the company．
9．I s_____ advice from the kind-hearted and experienced retired professor yesterday．
10．Now that he has a_______ his mistake, we should not keep picking on him．
definitely
downtown
earned
selected
ought
dmitted
维度二 词形转换
1．Questioned by the teacher repeatedly, Tom finally admitted ________ (cheat) in the exam．
2．________ (learn) the ways to make fortune cookies, he referred to all kinds of books in the library．
3．There are about 300 people _________ (attend) the wedding ceremony．
4．My stay in America was a unique opportunity for me to explore the American culture and see the _________ (diverse) of people's lives there．
cheating
To learn
attending
diversity
5．___________ (fortune), people have realised the importance of forest protection now．
6．I sought __________ (express) myself in brief words，but in vain.
7．He claims _________ (retire) because of his poor health next month．
8．Those who have committed a crime will never escape ______________ (punish)．
Fortunately
to express
to retire
being punished
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．毫无疑问，有许多学生盼望被一所重点大学录取。
There is no doubt that _____________________________________________
__________________ a key university．
2．我突然意识到在乡下教书是一份非常有意义的工作。
______________________ teaching in the countryside was a very meaningful job．
3．其次，你可以向你的老师和朋友寻求建议，这些建议会使你最好的一面展现出来。
Secondly，you can _____________________________________, which can bring out the best in yourself．
there are a great number of students looking forward to being admitted to
It occurred to me that
seek advice from your teachers and friends
4．为了实现我的目标， 我克服了一系列难以想象的、富有挑战性的困难。
To achieve my goal, I overcame ___________________________________
___________．
5．互联网的最新变化将有助于带来全面的改进。
Recent changes in the Internet __________________ overall improvements.
6．首先，除了努力学习，你也应该参加一些课外活动来放松自己。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
a series of unthinkable and challenging difficulties
will help bring about
Firstly，apart from studying hard，you should also take part in some after-class activities to relax yourself．
维度四 课文语法填空
Today, I returned to San Francisco, and it feels good 1．_____ (be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in 2．__________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that 3．________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures．
In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum 4．__________ showed the historical changes in California．During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a 5．______ (live)． Many others worked on 6．_____ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east． The museum showed us 7．___ America was built by immigrants from 8．_________ (difference) countries and cultures．
In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on 9．_________ (beauty) china plates． Tomorrow evening, I'm going to 10．_ jazz bar in the Richmond District．
to be
rebuilding
occurred
that/which
living
farms
how
different
beautiful
a
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
San Francisco has long been a favourite place for travelers who are ready to learn languages． The mild year-round climate, shops and restaurants, bars and night life, and some of the most beautiful scenery attract many visitors to this relaxing and welcoming city． Students are sure to find the San Francisco Bay Area a fun, safe and friendly place to live and study． This is the most important．
English School in San Francisco lies in the heart of the city． It is one of the best San Francisco English language schools． You can see views of the city from your classroom! Many buses stop less than a five-minute walk from the school, which is also just a two-minute walk from the famous Union Square, San Francisco Shopping Centre, the Financial District, Yerba Buena Gardens and the Museum of Modern Art． The school is minutes away from the cable cars (缆车) to Chinatown and Fisherman's Wharf．
San Francisco is a great place to study English and learn about American culture, offering excellent opportunities in sports, entertainment and arts． The city borders (毗邻) excellent beaches, and you can sail or surf all year round．
San Francisco has more restaurants than any other city in the US, and is the home of many theaters, music and dance companies, as well as museums． Just walking through many areas of San Francisco, you are certain to find something wonderful．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个学习语言的好地方——旧金山。
1．What attracts students most in San Francisco might be ________．
A．the mild year-round climate
B．its beautiful scenery
C．shops and restaurants, bars and night life
D．that it's a good place for living and studying
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知， 旧金山最吸引学生的地方可能是它是一个生活和学习的好地方。
2．English School in San Francisco __________．
A．is the best tourist place in the US
B．is in the center of the city
C．can only offer English courses
D．is not easy to get to
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知， 旧金山的英语学校位于市中心。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．English School has the most beautiful scenery in the US．
B．Most of the restaurants in the US lie in San Francisco．
C．San Francisco is a good place to learn English and American culture．
D．English School in San Francisco is one of the best schools in the US．
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知， 旧金山是学习英语和美国文化的好地方。
4．What does the author mainly want to tell us about
A．English schools in America．
B．The places around the English School．
C．The beautiful scenery in San Francisco．
D．San Francisco is a good place to learn languages．
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知， 作者主要想告诉我们旧金山是一个学习语言的好地方。
B
Travel allows us to experience the world．But as we travel, we are also leaving our footprint on every place we visit．This is why culturally immersive travel is so important．Because the wrong kind of travel negatively affects the world．One of the reasons we started this blog was to help others travel better and feel comfortable getting off the beaten path, interacting with locals, and take you “Beyond the traditional Bucketlist”， if you will．
People who only get 2-week off per year are often just looking for an easy destination with a beach to relax on. This isn't travel．This is a vacation. But “Immersive Travel” or “Cultural Travel” is an entirely new type of trip．It is about experiencing and preserving the various traditions around the world．It's about being open to new experiences and willing to step into another's shoes．Cultural travel is jumping in with both feet and leaving your idea about what your trip should be behind you．It's eating local dishes and sleeping in guesthouses．It's building genuine connections with locals．It's learning about the history of a country and leaving your trip with a greater understanding of the place you came to see and the people who live there．
Often times in today's age, “travelers” will visit a country just to snap some photos of the famous sights to post on Instagram or to drink the night away, or even just to relax on a tropical beach．But that kind of vacation can be harmful to the very communities you're traveling to．
Beyond supporting the local communities and the preservation of local customs and traditions, you'll also experience some personal benefits through cultural travels．There's simply no way to travel this way with a closed mind．You'll get to know different cultures intimately and understand them a lot better．You'll also become less judgmental of others the more you travel．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种全新的旅行方式——沉浸式文化旅行。
5．What's the author's purpose in writing the first paragraph
A．To stress the negative influence of travel．
B．To describe the importance of cultural travel．
C．To recommend a totally different type of travel．
D．To convey his unique feelings about cultural travel．
解析：写作意图题。根据第一段中的This is why culturally immersive travel is so important．Because the wrong kind of travel negatively affects the world．可推知，本段的写作目的是描述文化旅行的重要性。
6．According to the author, today's travelers tend to__．
A．establish close connections with the locals during the travel
B．choose a tourist attraction for adventure and exploration
C．show more interest in the history of a travel destination
D．post the photos taken in the journey on the social media
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在作者看来，当今的很多旅行者只是倾向于打卡拍照和发布到网上。
7．What can be inferred about the culturally immersive travel
A．It is focused on studying local people's lifestyle．
B．Its travelers should be open-minded and understanding．
C．It is a specific way to make judgments of other cultures．
D．Its major concern is preserving local traditions and customs．
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的It's about being open to new experiences and willing to step into another's shoes．可推知，它要求旅行者心胸开阔、善解人意。A项(关注研究当地人的生活方式)和D项(它主要关注的是保存当地的传统和习俗)都太片面化，只能说明其中的一方面。C项与原文语义不符。
8．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A travel brochure．
B．A blog post．
C．A historic magazine．
D．An encyclopedia website．
解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的One of the reasons we started this blog was to help others travel better and feel comfortable getting off the beaten path, interacting with locals, and take you “Beyond the traditional Bucketlist”， if you will．可知，本文可能来自一篇博客。
Ⅱ．完形填空
When my first book was published, I couldn't wait to make it to readers.
The book signing (签名售书) was 9 in a beautiful bookstore. I had imagined hundreds of customers would 10 for me to sign copies for them.
11 ， it didn't quite happen like that.
Despite the nice sign outside, not a single 12 entered. As each minute passed, I was 13 anxious.
For the past four years, I had lived on a strict 14 . I woke up at 5：30 a．m. every day and had two hours of writing before work. I often prayed (祈祷) my readers would finally be 15 . Now, sitting here alone, I 16 if my entire life was just a big joke. Just before the store's closing, 17 ， I began to get myself ready to leave.
Just when I couldn't feel any 18 ， a middle-aged couple walked in. I managed to 19 my bad emotions and introduced myself and my book. While listening, they nodded in 20 from time to time. Then the wife told me, “We'll take the book. ” My heart beat fast with 21 . “We lost our son five months ago, ” she said with watery eyes. “Maybe your book will help us 22 it. ”
Two weeks later, I received a thank-you letter from the couple. My prayer of asking for the words to touch just one person's life was 23 . Thanks to them, I kept moving ahead to writing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的新书签售会上，由于没有读者前来，作者非常灰心；直到书店即将关门，作者打算回家的时候，一对夫妇的到来令作者非常激动。这件事激励作者把写作继续进行下去。
9．A．finished B．registered
C．arranged D．requested
解析：根据上文The book signing可知， 这是一场签名售书活动， 被安排在一个美丽的书店里。
10．A．line up B．pack up
C．make out D．work up
解析：根据上文hundreds of customers可知，作者原以为会有成百上千的顾客前来排队买书。
11．A．Besides B．Therefore
C．However D．Anyway
解析：根据下文it didn't quite happen like that可知，此处句意发生了转折， 然而并没有顾客前来排队买书。
12．A．assistant B．customer
C．student D．reporter
解析：根据上文可知， 这是一场在书店的签名售书活动， 此处指没有一个买书的顾客。
13．A．immediately B．surprisingly
C．formally D．increasingly
解析：根据下文可知， 作者越来越焦虑，到最后失望地想离开书店了。
14．A．schedule B．holiday
C．journey D．diet
解析：作者每天很早起床，在上班之前花两小时写作，日常工作安排非常紧张。
15．A．challenged B．worried
C．annoyed D．touched
解析：此处指作者这么辛苦， 祈祷自己的努力能感动读者。
16．A．believed B．wondered
C．forgot D．admitted
解析：根据上文可知，作者想知道(签名售书活动)为什么这么失败， 似乎自己的人生是个笑话。
17．A．delighted B．frightened
C．discouraged D．amazed
解析：没有一个顾客来买书， 因此作者渐渐气馁了。
18．A．better B．worse
C．easier D．wiser
解析：这时候作者感觉没有什么比这更糟糕的了。
19．A．cheat B．express
C．hide D．lose
解析：根据下文作者向这对夫妇介绍自己的书并得到了他们的认可可推知，作者隐藏起之前的糟糕情绪。
20．A．agreement B．exchange
C．shock D．demand
解析：根据上文While listening, they nodded可知，这对夫妇非常赞同作者所说的话。
21．A．sadness B．fear
C．anger D．excitement
解析：根据上文的We'll take the book．和My heart beat fast及新书签售会没有读者前来买书可推知，这对夫妇要买作者的书令作者很激动。
22．A．go through B．get over
C．look into D．focus on
解析：根据上文“We lost our son five months ago，” she said with watery eyes．可知， 这对夫妇希望通过读作者的书， 克服失去儿子的痛苦。go through经过； get over克服； look into调查；focus on关注。
23．A．answered B．ruined
C．repeated D．delivered
解析：根据上文My prayer of asking for可知， 此处指终于有人买了作者的书， 作者的祈祷得到了回应。
Ⅲ．语法填空
Formed in 2002, the China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) brings help and hope to those 24 lives are changed by natural disasters.
The team went on its first international rescue mission in 2003. It was the first time that a Chinese team 25 (work) outside China, and the team won high praise 26 their bravery and skill. The list of people to whom help has been given ever since 27 (be) long. The team treated more than 3，000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, and spent several months 28 (give) aid to over 25，000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers 29 (train) to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water, and other supplies. There is 30 (usual) no electricity or water after a disaster and diseases and accidents may appear. 31 (save) lives, rescue workers have to work day and night, and sadly they must also bury
32 dead, which means they have to be strong in both body and mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. Of course, they'll have to take
33 (effect) measures in action. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成立于2002年的中国国际搜救队给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人们带来的帮助和希望。
24．whose
解析：分析句子结构可知，句中先行词为those，指人，在定语从句中作定语，故填关系代词whose。
25．had worked
解析：分析句子结构可知，It was the first time that后跟过去完成时态，故填had worked。
26．for
解析：此处表示他们的勇敢和技术赢得了赞扬，空处应填表示原因的连词。for表示理由、原因，意为“因为，由于”。故填for。
27．is
解析：根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，句中主语为the list，应用第三人称单数形式，故填is。
28．giving
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为spend time (in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”，故填giving。
29．are trained
解析：根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时；根据句意可知，救援人员是接受训练者，与train为被动关系，此处用被动形式；rescue workers为复数，故填are trained。
30．usually
解析：分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，故填usually。
31．To save
解析：分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处为动词不定式作目的状语，意为“为了”。故填To save。
32．the
解析：定冠词用在形容词前，表示一类人或东西。the dead表示“死者”。故填the。
33．effective
解析：根据语境可知，空处应用形容词effective，修饰名词measures。故填effective。
演示完毕 感谢观看
THANK YOU(共50张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
目录
contents
重难语法 要攻克
01
知识要点 须拾遗
02
课时检测 提能力
03
省略
①And what a city (it is) — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906．
②My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, (which is) one of the oldest parts of the city．
③This district used to be a poor area of town, but (this district) is now a centre for art, music, and food．
④(It is) A real mix of cultures here!
⑤What great food (it is)!
⑥(I) Can't wait!
◎我的发现
(1)句④⑥为_____句中的省略。
(2)句①⑤为_____句中的省略。
(3)句③为_____句中的省略。
(4)句②为____句中的省略。
简单
感叹
并列
复合
为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
一、简单句中的省略
1．省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。
(It) Looks like rain now．
现在天看起来要下雨。
(You) Be sure not to make any noise．
你一定不要制造出任何噪声。
2．省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，通常省略宾语。
—Where should we go
—I don't care (where we go)． Anywhere you want．
——我们该去哪里？
——我不在乎。你想去哪儿就去哪儿。
She washed (the shirt), ironed (the shirt), and folded the shirt．
她洗了衬衫， 并且把它熨好、叠好。
3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。
(You come) This way, please．
请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)
(Have you) Got any ink
你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)
1 用“＝”划掉句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小写)
①I see you tomorrow．
答案： see you tomorrow．
②—Are you feeling better now
—I am feeling much better now．
答案： —Are you feeling better now
— much better now．
③The lightning flashed and the thunder crashed．
答案：The lightning flashed and thunder crashed．
④I consider him to be lazy．
答案：I consider him lazy．
⑤Today I met her at the barber's shop．
答案：Today I met her at the barber's ．
⑥—Are you a teacher
—No, but I used to be a teacher．
答案：—Are you a teacher
—No, but I used to be ．
⑦The heavy rain prevented him from coming．
答案：The heavy rain prevented him coming．
二、并列句中的省略
1．在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重复。
When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter．
当夏天来临， 白天变得越来越长， 夜晚变得越来越短。
My brother likes sports and I (like) music．
我弟弟喜欢体育，我喜欢音乐。
Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and (Jeff) added in some milk．
杰夫在盘子里打了两个鸡蛋，并加了一些牛奶。
2．有时由于上下文语境很明显，后一分句中的一些词语也可省略。
They tried their best but (they tried) in vain.
他们尽力了，但是白费劲。
(Give me) One more chance and I'll surely succeed．
再给我一次机会，我一定会成功。
【点津】 在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分。例如：
Tom picked up a wallet in the road and (Tom) handed it to a policeman.
汤姆在马路上捡到一个钱包并把它交给了警察。
三、复合句中的省略
1．状语从句中的省略
(1)状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同或从句主语是it, 且从句谓语是系动词be的某种形式时， 从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略。
(2)从句与主句中的相同部分也可以省略。
While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called．
当我在街上散步时， 我听到有人叫我的名字。
When (it is) heated, ice can be turned into water．
冰被加热后，可以变成水。
If (it is) convenient, please help me buy some．
如果方便的话， 请帮我买一些。
2．定语从句中的省略
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时， 可以省略关系代词。
My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit (that) we had ever eaten.
我丈夫和我都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。
The way (in which/that) he speaks to us is really annoying．
他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。
3．宾语从句中的省略
及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
We hope (that) such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.
我们希望这样的关注能激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。
He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart．
他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该用心学习。
2 写出下列句中可以省略的部分
①I believe that she will help you and that you will succeed． _________
②Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？ ____
③Whenever it is possible, he will come to my help． ___
四、其他情况的省略
1．动词不定式的省略
(1)当动词不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，常省略与前句重复的to后面的内容。
You can't force him to answer the question if he's not ready to (answer the question)．
如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。
第一个that
that
it is
(2)某些使役动词(如make, let, have等)和感官动词(如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等)后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to；但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则to不能省略。
We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom．
→She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom．
我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。
(3)作介词but, except, beside的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式(短语)常省略to。
All he could do was nothing but wait and see．
他所能做的只有等着瞧。
(4)当动词不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，动词不定式可以省略。
They didn't visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents)．
他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。
2．使用so, not等时的省略
①—Can you finish your work today
—I think so．/I don't think so．/I think not．
——你今天能完成工作吗？
——我认为能。/我认为不能。
②—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they
—I guess not．
——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？
——我猜是没做好。
句①中so相当于I can finish my work today；not相当于I can't finish my work today；句②中第二个not相当于the boys are not doing a good job。
3．介词的省略
一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动词-ing形式。常见的结构有：
(1)have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
(2)be busy (in) doing sth
(3)spend some time (in) doing sth
(4)stop/prevent sb (from) doing sth
The heavy rain prevented him (from) arriving there on time．
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
3 补全下列句中省略的介词
①I'm sorry to tell you that Diane won't be here (__) Friday．
②I can't stop them (____) going there．
③I have some trouble (__) learning English．
on
from
in
fold vt. 包；裹；折叠 vt. & vi. (可)折小；(可)叠平
【教材原句】 I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too．
我真的很喜欢那本折纸书，并且我的儿子也喜欢那本折纸书。
【记牢】
(1)fold (up) 折叠；对折
fold one's arms 双臂交叉在胸前
(2)unfold v. (使)展开；打开；(使)逐渐展现
(3)folding adj. 可折叠的；折叠式的
【佳句】 He folded up his umbrella as he entered the room．
他进屋时把伞折了起来。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I finished my coffee, ______ (fold) my newspaper and stood up．
②As the mist cleared, a most beautiful view _______ (fold) before their eyes．
【写美】 补全句子
③The young man lay on the sofa _________________ and soon fell asleep．
那个年轻人双臂交叉躺在沙发上，很快就睡着了。
folded
unfolded
with his arms folded
维度一 基础题型练
写出下列句中被省略的部分
1．Can you accept the reason (_________) he gave at the meeting
2．The boy lost his bike and (_______) had to walked home．
3．The actress was born in 1959 and her husband (________) in 1963．
4．Once (______) a worker, Bob now becomes a famous singer．
5．(_) Thank you for your help．
that/which
the boy
was born
he was
I
6．(_____) Pity that I didn't go to Mary's birthday party yesterday．
7．—Are you hungry
—Yes, I am (_______)．
8．(________) Go for a walk
9．We spent the weekend at the Mary's (______)．
10．What a wonderful victory (___) for Tom!
It is a
hungry
Will you
home
it is
维度二 语法与写作
将下列句子改写成省略句
1．The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful．
→_____________________________________________________
2．Just take a short break if you are tired．
→_______________________________
3．Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students haven't done a first aid course．
→____________________________________________________________________
4．John will go abroad to travel but his brother will not go abroad to travel．
→_________________________________________________
5．She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone．
→_____________________________________________
The burn she got from the iron was red and very painful．
Just take a short break if tired．
Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most haven't．
John will go abroad to travel but his brother won't．
She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone．
维度三 语法与语篇
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下面语段
After breakfast, Mom was doing housework in the kitchen. She talked to Tom 1．__________________ (洗碗时) and plates．She said to Tom, “2．____________________________________ (过街时当心车辆)．” Tom usually said to his mom “3．_______ (再见), Mom．” However, this time, she heard nothing．Tom hurriedly left home 4．___________ (好像很着急)．She 5．__________________ (认为汤姆很无礼) this time, but she 6．_______________ (不知道为什么)．She thought she would 7．___________
______ (让汤姆意识到) his wrong doings when he came back from school．
while washing bowls
Look out for cars when crossing the street
See you
as if anxious
considered Tom rude
didn't know why
make Tom
realise
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
About the SAT
The SAT has four sections: Reading, Writing and Language, Math (no calculator), Math (with calculator)． There is also an optional essay that is recommended or required by some colleges．
THE KAPLAN METHOD
Deal with the SAT like a professional
It's not just about knowing what's on the test; it's about knowing how to take the test． Our expert instructors will help you identify and excel at the question types most common on the exam, and they'll share the proven strategies that will help you deal with the SAT like a professional．
Score-Raising Strategies
Kaplan's proven strategies help you manage the exam effectively． You will gain confidence in knowing what to expect on the exam and knowing how to tackle questions quickly and accurately．
Time Management
The SAT is all about pacing． Our instructors will teach you how to stay ahead of the clock — without getting careless． On the SAT, there's no penalty (处罚) for wrong answers; you'll learn when to spend time on a question and when to guess and move on.
Focused Exercise
With guided study plans, practice questions, and full-length simulated (模拟) exams, you will be fully prepared to achieve your target score on test day．
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了SAT考试以及Kaplan所提供的应试方案。
1．Which part of SAT isn't a must in some colleges
A．Math． B．Essay．
C．Reading． D．Writing and Language．
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在有些大学是不需要考Essay部分的。
2．What does THE KAPLAN METHOD focus on
A．Test-taking skills．
B．Learning methods．
C．Managing your time．
D．Predicting the test questions．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，THE KAPLAN METHOD的重点是为考生教授应试技巧和提分策略。
3．What is encouraged to deal with some uncertain questions
A．Refer to a dictionary．
B．Just guess their answers．
C．Asking help from a teacher．
D．Leaving them to the last minute．
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，由于该考试答错不扣分，因此THE KAPLAN METHOD鼓励考生在没把握的情况下猜答案。
B
A very frightening thing happened on the weekend, but luckily a hero saved all． A New Jersey police officer safely caught a one-month-old baby dropped off a second-floor balcony over the weekend, authorities said．
The Hudson County prosecutor's office said Officer Eduardo Matute was among those called to the Jersey City residence Saturday morning after reports that a man was threatening the baby．
NorthJersey．com reports that he and several officers were positioned below the second-floor balcony as the child was dangled over the balcony fence． Officials said the man dropped the baby after a long negotiation with the officers leader, and to the relief of everyone present, Matute caught the child on the spot．
City spokesperson Kimberly Wallace-Scalcione said the child was taken to the hospital． Mayor Steve Fulop later posted a photo on social media of the officer holding the child, who was wrapped in a white blanket．
“Thankfully the baby wasn't harmed physically，” Fulop said．
It wasn't immediately clear what charges he would face．Other details weren't available．
“Kudos to the JCPD and all the officers involved for their heroics and for bringing a safe conclusion to this dangerous situation，” the Hudson County Prosecutor's Office said in a statement．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名新泽西警察接住从阳台上掉下来的婴儿的故事。
4．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “dangled” in Paragraph 3
A．Hung． B．Fastened．
C．Exhibited． D．Thrown.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 that a man was threatening the baby及第三段中的Officials said the man dropped the baby after a long negotiation with the officers leader可知，这个婴儿的生命受到威胁，故此处表示这个婴儿被悬挂在阳台外(随时会掉下来)。
5．What did everyone present feel about the saving of the baby
A．Amazed． B．Relieved．
C．Frightened． D．Disappointed．
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的to the relief of everyone present, Matute caught the child on the spot可知，在场的人对这个婴儿的获救如释重负。
6．What was the result of the baby
A．It lost its father．
B．It was seriously hurt．
C．It was completely safe．
D．It was without physical damage．
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的Thankfully the baby wasn't harmed physically可知，这个婴儿身体上没受到伤害。
7．What is the best title for this text
A．An Unknown Hero
B．A Lucky Dog
C．A Police Officer Saving A Baby
D．A Policeman Making A Breakthrough
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段的主题句A New Jersey police officer safely caught a one-month-old baby dropped off a second-floor balcony over the weekend, authorities said．及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了一名新泽西警察救下一个婴儿的故事。
Ⅱ．阅读七选五
Different Cultures
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. ______
The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries：China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. ______
8
9
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. 10 Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't distinguish from the European culture a lot.
11 Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference count as well. But what's more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干扰) from the other.
The differences are everywhere. 12 But different cultures make the world of the 21st century more colourful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.
A．Let us work together to keep a variety of culture．
B．One important thing is to learn about other cultures．
C．And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture．
D．At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences．
E．This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole．
F．They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles．
G．They are obvious and affect people's ways of thinking and their views of the world．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方文化的差异及其形成的原因。
8．This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole．
解析：空前一句提到东西方文化确实有很大的差异，下文应说明东西方文化不同的原因，故E项符合语境。
9．They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles．
解析：根据空前一句可知，两种文化分别由中国的黄河和印度的印度河所孕育，由此可知，这里应介绍河流对于文化的影响，故F项符合语境。
10．And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture．
解析：上文说这种文明后来发展成为古希腊和古罗马文明，C项(众所周知，这两种文明正是欧洲文化的基础)是对上文的总结，符合语境。
11．At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences．
解析：空后一句Take the language system for example．是以语言系统来举例说明文化间的差异，由此可知，本段主要是以其他方面的不同来说明文化的不同，故D项符合语境。
12．They are obvious and affect people's ways of thinking and their views of the world．
解析：根据空前一句The differences are everywhere．以及空后的内容讲述文化的不同对世界的影响可知，G项符合语境。
Ⅲ．应用文写作
假定你是李华， 你的英国朋友 Tim 想要在暑假时到中国旅游， 发邮件向你征求建议。请你给他回复一封邮件， 内容包括：
1．推荐一个城市；
2．给出推荐理由。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
Dear Tim,
Glad to know you'll spend your coming summer holiday in China． I think Beijing is the best choice．
Beijing lies in the north of China and the climate is mild at this time of the year． You can find a variety of delicious food there, of which the most famous is the Beijing roast duck． Besides, there are many tourist attractions worth visiting, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City, to name but a few． I promise you'll have a wonderful time in Beijing．
Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours,
Li Hua
演示完毕 感谢观看
THANK YOU(共84张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
目录
contents
速读语篇 知文意
01
02
03
课时检测 提能力
04
05
细品课文 学手法
模仿佳作 找差距
核心知识 巧突破
1．According to the passage，the Chinatown in San Francisco _________．
A．is the biggest in the world
B．is in the centre of the city
C．is a place where visitors can experience traditional Chinese culture in real life
D．is the place where Robert Louis Stevenson was born
2．According to the passage，what can visitors do in Chinatown
A．Taste traditional Chinese food．
B．Experience the mix of Chinese culture and western culture．
C．Enjoy lots of Chinese architecture．
D．Both A and C．
3．What attracts visitors most in Chinatown
A．Traditional Chinese dishes．
B．Chinese tea．
C．Chinese clothing．
D．Chinese chess and tai chi．
4．From the passage，we can learn that _________．
A．large groups of Chinese immigrants settled in San Francisco long before the gold rush
B．Bank of Canton used to be a famous site in the Chinatown in San Francisco
C．Chinese immigrants in Chinatown have got used to the western lifestyle in America
D．traditional Chinese dishes in Chinatown are popular with visitors from all over the world
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
WELCOME TO CHINATOWN!
The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America, and also the oldest． It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge． The climate is mild all year round, meaning it
is always a good time to visit．
学语言：
1．连接词：(1)第二段作者在介绍唐人街的历史时运用了then, still等词，使句子之间衔接紧密，逻辑鲜明，语意连贯；
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period． What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture． The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently． This allows visitors to
experience a real taste of China．
(2)第三段作者在介绍唐人街及震后重建过程中运用了but, and, also等词，使句子之间逻辑性强，层次清晰，衔接巧妙；
(3)第4～6段作者运用了and, But等连接词，使句子结构紧凑，逻辑清晰，过渡自然。
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
Most of Chinatown was destroyed in the 1906 earthquake, but the city and residents rebuilt it, taking care to include lots of Chinese architecture． Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials donated from China． Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few． Visitors
2．高频词汇：a real taste of、 a unique range of、 varieties of 等词的运用，彰显了作者较强的语言运用能力。
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights, smells, and sounds of China． Portsmouth Square is also a key site, being the centre of Chinatown. It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there． These days, the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess, and
people practising tai chi．
3．高级句式：(1)第一段第二句It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge．及第三段第二句Traditionally, visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate, which was built using materials donated from China． 等多处使用了定语从句，避免了多个单句的平铺直叙， 增强了表达效果。
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
The stores in the Chinatown offer a unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing． All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found, too, and there are Chinese tea stores, where visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea．
But perhaps what many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food． There is Chinese food to suit everyone's taste, with traditional dishes from all over China．
(2)第二段第二句What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture．运用了what引导的主语从句，彰显了作者对语言的驾驭能力。
Step 1 品教材课文
Step 2 析写作手法
Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA． They allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese
culture first hand．
学结构：
Step 3 背出彩佳句
一、介绍地点的基本信息
1．Qianmen Street, with a history of 600 years, is 800 meters in length, along which there are more than 300 shops．
前门大街有600年的历史，800米长，沿街有300多家店铺。
2．The village, located on the North Sea, has a history of more than 400 years and a population of 300，000．
这个村庄坐落在北海之滨，有着400多年的历史和30万人口。
3．There are quite a lot of places of interest in Beijing, such as the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and so on.
北京有很多名胜古迹，比如故宫、颐和园等。
二、介绍地方特色
1．Firstly, I'd like to tell you something about the weather in the city, which is often windy and very cold in winter．
首先，我想给你们介绍一下这个城市的天气。它通常多风而且冬天非常寒冷。
2．Beijing is a city where the old cultural traditions and the modern civilization are well combined．
北京是一个古老的文化传统和现代文明完美融合的城市。
3．With its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and beautiful scenery, Haikou is one of China's major tourist cities．
海口气候宜人，自然资源丰富，风景优美，是中国主要的旅游城市之一。
三、总结概括
1．I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours．
我认为你会很快适应，尽管天气与食物都与你们的不同。
2．Mount Huangshan is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave．
黄山是一个你必须去参观的地方，非凡的景色会让你不愿离开。
3．We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries．
我们能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办主题为“我的家乡”的英文征文活动，请根据以下要点写一篇英语短文介绍你的家乡：
1．地理位置；
2．人文景观；
3．发展变化；
4．你的希望。
注意：1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、仿结构，布局合理
第一段：对该地区进行简单概括；
第二段：详细介绍其特点；
第三段：对该地区进行总体评价。
二、仿语言，规范得体
1．我住在中国西南靠近成都的一个小城镇。
_____________________________________________________
2．这里没有那么多的高楼和宽阔的街道。
____________________________________________________
I live in a small town near Chengdu in the southwest of China．
There are not so many high-rise buildings and wide streets．
3．由于这个城镇位于成都平原，周围有很多农田。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4．从春天到秋天，在农场种植了各种类型的庄稼，形成了一幅美丽的景象。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5．最近这些年，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。
________________________________________________________
6．已经建设了许多购物中心和公寓楼，这使得人们的生活很方便。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As the town lies/is located in the Chengdu Plain, around the town there is a great deal of farmland．
From spring to autumn, many kinds of crops are grown on the farm, and it makes a beautiful sight．
In recent years, great changes have taken place in my hometown.
A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up． They make people's lives pretty convenient．
三、仿衔接，过渡自然
7．用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写句4
__________________________________________________________________________________________
8．用动词-ing短语作结果状语改写句6
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
From spring to autumn, many kinds of crops are grown on the farm, which makes a beautiful sight．
A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up, making people's lives pretty convenient．
四、重誊写，赏心悦目
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
I live in a small town near Chengdu in the southwest of China． There are not so many high-rise buildings and wide streets．However, the scenery in my hometown is attractive．
Located in the Chengdu Plain, there is a great deal of farmland around it． From spring to autumn, many kinds of crops are grown on the farm, which makes a beautiful sight． In recent years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. A great many shopping centers and apartment buildings have been put up, making people's lives pretty convenient．
Welcome to my hometown and I am willing to be your guide．
settle vt. & vi. 定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)
【教材原句】 Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period．
历史上，在修筑铁路和淘金热时期，来自中国的移民定居于此。
【记牢】
(1)settle in/into 安顿下来；适应
settle down (使)安定；安居
settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事
(2)settler n. 移民；殖民者
settlement n. 协议；解决；处理
【佳句】 I would be grateful if you could give me some advice on how to settle the argument．
如果你能就关于如何解决争论给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①With so much noise outside, I couldn't settle down to ______ (go) over my lessons．
②The management and unions have reached a _________ over new working conditions and the problem was finally ______．(settle)
【写美】 补全句子
③After graduation, young teachers made up their minds to go and ____________________．
毕业后，青年教师们决心到农村安家落户。
going
settlement
settled
settle in the countryside
construction n. 建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构
【记牢】
(1)under construction 在建设中
under repair 在修理中
under discussion 在讨论中
under consideration 在考虑中
(2)construct vt. 建造；构成
(3)constructor n. (尤指汽车或飞机的)建造者，制造者，建造商
【佳句】 Smart city is under construction now, people should treat it in an objective attitude．
智慧城市现在正在建设中，人们应该用一种客观的态度看待它。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road ___________ (construct)．
②The workers _______________ (construct) the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge ______ construction connects the road with the town.
【写美】 补全句子
③The road was ____________, so we had to go around．
这条路正在修理中，所以我们只好绕道而行。
construction
are constructing
under
under repair
suit vt. 适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n. 西服；套装
【教材原句】 There is Chinese food to suit everyone's taste, with traditional dishes from all over China．
这里有着来自中国各地的传统菜肴，各种口味，应有尽有。
【记牢】
(1)suit one's needs 满足某人的需要
(2)a suit of 一套(衣服)
(3)suitable adj. 合适的；适当的；相配的
be suitable for sb/sth 适合某人/某物
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
【佳句】 The colour of the business suit suits the young lady well．
这套公务装的颜色非常适合这位年轻女士。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①It is difficult to find a place _______ (suit) for a picnic．
②We need to find someone suitable ________ (replace) Mary．
③It's difficult to find a time that is suitable __ everybody．
suitable
to replace
for
【写美】 一句多译
④我相信我很适合这份志愿工作，因为我精通英语。
→I do believe I ______________ this voluntary job because I have a good command of English．
→I do believe I _______________ this voluntary job because I have a good command of English．
→I do believe this voluntary job _________ because I have a good command of English．
am suitable for
am suitable to do
suits me
(at) first hand 第一手；亲自
【教材原句】 They allow visitors who have never been to China to experience traditional Chinese culture first hand．
它们让未曾踏足中国的游客亲身体验中国传统文化。
【记牢】
(close/near) at hand (时间或距离上)接近
by hand 用手工
hand in hand 手拉手；密切关联
on the one hand ... on the other hand ... 一方面……另一方面……
【佳句】 I heard about the news (at) first hand from my neighbour．
我是直接从我的邻居那里听到这个消息的。
【练透】 用hand的相关短语填空
①As the saying goes, “Success and failure always go ____________．”
②It would be a good idea if you could keep a dictionary close _______．
③With the development of new technologies，writing ________ has become a thing of the past．
【写美】 补全句子
④______________ they'd love to have kids, but _______________, they don't want to give up their freedom．
一方面，他们想要孩子，但另一方面，他们又不想放弃自由自在的生活。
hand in hand
at hand
by hand
On the one hand
on the other hand
contain vt. 包含；含有；容纳；克制；抑制(感情)
【教材原句】 Does the city/town introduction contain all the important information
这个城市/城镇的介绍包含了所有重要的信息吗？
【记牢】
(1)contain oneself 控制自己
(2)container n. 容器
【佳句】 Apart from the items mentioned above, the wallet contains a family photo, my precious memory．
除了以上提到的物品， 钱包里还有一张家庭照， 是我珍贵的记忆。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There are 60 students in our class, _________ (contain) 35 boys and 25 girls．
②Hearing the good news, he couldn't contain _______ (he) and burst into laughter．
③I don't know how many collections are in this old _________ (contain)．
【写美】 补全句子
④___________________________, sobbing behind a tree．
我无法控制自己的悲伤，躲在树后抽泣。
containing
himself
container
I couldn't contain my sadness
句型公式：what引导的主语从句
【教材原句】 What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture．
早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。
【记牢】
(1)what在此处引导的是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。
(2)what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主语、表语或宾语)。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。
【佳句】 What attracted me most to the mission was the chance to travel．
这项任务最吸引我的地方是有机会旅行。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①I have no idea _____ effective measures our school will take to strengthen our listening skills．
②_____ impresses me most is that our teacher always creates a kind of atmosphere where we can voice our opinions freely．
what
What
【写美】 语段填空
③_______________________________________ (使我害怕和震惊的是) my horse began running wildly as if it were to be killed.Ten minutes later，______________________(我们意识到的是) we got lost． We had no idea _____________________(我们下一步应该做什么)． After what seemed like ages，we heard loud voices calling us．
What made me scared and shocked was that
what we realised was that
what we should do next
句型公式：“不定代词/数词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
【教材原句】 The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese, many of whom do not speak English fluently．
如今，唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
【记牢】
(1)若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。
(2)whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。
【佳句】 There are thirty students in our class, many of whom come from the south．
我们班有三十名学生，其中许多来自南方。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There are various typical Chinese customs during the Spring Festival, two of _____ are to make dumplings and set off fireworks．
②The students，all of _______ spent the whole day picking fruits，were extremely tired．
③There are more than 4，000 students in our school，the majority of ______ put their hearts into their studies．
【写美】 句型转换
④There lives an old man near the school, the son of whom is working in that district．
→There lives an old man near the school, __________ is working in that district．
which
whom
whom
whose son
维度一 品句填词
1．We must provide good ________ (材料) to develop the students' reading skills．
2．I am eager to have a taste for the local food and I will buy some ________ (纪
念品)．
3．This kind of drink _______ (含有) alcohol that does not suit children.
4．The library has a _________ (收藏品) of 80，000 books and 90 kinds of newspapers．
5．After retirement，the old couple went to Beihai，bought a second-hand house and _______ (定居) down there．
6．He has too m___ a nature to get angry, even if he has a chain of good reasons．
7．She was wearing a n___ black suit，which made her look more beautiful．
materials
souvenirs
contains
collection
settled
ild
eat
维度二 词形转换
1．As far as I am concerned, his new poems are not _______ (suit)
for children in the kindergarten.
2．It is a pity that not all the ________ (collect) are open to the public．
3．The new stadium under __________ (construct) will be completed in
two months．
4．The new chairman settled down to _______ (deal) with many dilemmas．
suitable
collections
construction
dealing
5．We hope that our community can provide some ________ (finance) support．
6．A great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the _________ (poison) air．
7．Don't eat the foods _________ (contain) too much sugar and fat, which will make you put on weight easily．
8．With ________ (vary)of products available on the Internet, we can choose and get whatever we want．
financial
poisonous
containing
varieties
维度三 固定搭配和句式
1．我真诚地希望你能推荐一部适合我们活动的电影。
I sincerely hope you can recommend a film that ____________ our activity．
2．我已经邀请了十名交换生来参加我们的音乐节，其中三名来自美国。
I have invited ten exchange students to attend our music festival, _____________________________．
3．你将有机会品尝各种各样美味的中国传统菜肴。
You will have the opportunity to taste ____________________________
_______________________．
is suitable for
three of whom are from the USA
varieties of/a variety of delicious traditional Chinese dishes
4．我们需要让孩子们走出教学楼， 给他们一个亲自了解世界的机会。
We need to get kids out of the school buildings, giving them a chance to ______________________________．
5．我不仅读古典名著， 而且还上我的老师们教授的网课。
_________________ classics, but I also have online courses given by my teachers．
learn about the world first hand
Not only do I read
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
Liverpool, my hometown, is a unique city． It is so unique that in 2004 it became a World Heritage Site．
I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey． Blanketed in mist, Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of sea-birds, and appeared unbelievably charming． When I headed towards the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe． It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool's history．
As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England． However, culture is more than galleries． Liverpool offers many music events． As Britain's No．1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world． Liverpool is also well-known for its football and other sports events． Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder．
As you would expect from such a city, there are restaurants serving food from around the world． When my trip was about to complete, I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool's famous Philharmonic pub． It is a monument (丰碑) to perfection, and a heritage attraction itself．
Being a World Heritage Site, my home city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”． It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中描述了自己的家乡——利物浦的美景，重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。
1．What would impress visitors most when they come to Liverpool for the first time
A．Its charming banks．
B．Its famous museums．
C．Its wonderful palaces．
D．Its attractive buildings．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool's history可知，大部分游客都被利物浦的建筑所吸引。
2．The third paragraph is developed mainly by ________．
A．providing different examples
B．following the order of space
C．making comparisons
D．analysing causes
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者举了博物馆、音乐和体育等方面的例子来进行叙述。
3．What does the author use the Philharmonic pub to prove
A．Liverpool is a well-known city for its restaurants．
B．Liverpool is an impressive place full of attraction.
C．A pub is a wonderful place for visitors to relax themselves．
D．A pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey．
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，它是一个完美的纪念碑，也是吸引人的遗迹。作者举出这个例子是为了证明利物浦是一个极具吸引力的地方。
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．The universal artistic beauty in Liverpool．
B．The exciting experience of the author in Liverpool．
C．The special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool．
D．The beautiful historic sites of Liverpool．
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章不仅介绍了利物浦的美景，而且重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。
B
Two years ago, I was very lonely and didn't talk with anyone about my feelings．At the time I didn't have many friends．I wanted someone to share my experiences and secrets with．I wanted someone to understand me．I started to imagine this friend．Often I imagine our conversations and what we would do, but I didn't give my imagination a face．
Some weeks later I started a new project in school and I was working with one of my schoolmates．We had never worked together before but we got along well．After the project we started to spend some time together in school．One day we decided to take a walk．Ever since that walk we've been friends．We listened and really understood each other．
I had wished for a best friend, but the universe gave me so much more．I have met one of my soul mates (挚友)．We can sense each other, and it just takes one look and we know what the other is thinking．I didn't think our friendship could grow much stronger．But now we have known each other for two years and our friendship is growing all the time．
It hasn't only been easy．We have gone through both easy and hard times．But I'm grateful for the hard times, because they have forced me to grow and taught me a lot．My best friend has changed me．She has made me believe in myself．And I am now focusing on achieving one of my biggest dreams．Without her, I wouldn't even have realised what my biggest dream is．
I know there are soul mates out in the world for you．I am so thankful to have met one of mine．Believe in them, and your paths will cross．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过一个学校课题结识了一个女孩，并与她结为心意相通、共同成长的挚友。
5．What did the author do before meeting her soul mate
A．She chose to stay alone．
B．She spent time with other friends．
C．She told others about her feelings．
D．She pictured a friend in her mind．
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的I started to imagine this friend．可知，作者当时没有朋友，倍感孤独的她在脑海中想象了一个朋友。
6．How did the author get to know her soul mate
A．By taking a walk．
B．By attending a party．
C．Through a school project．
D．Through a friend's introduction.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者参加学校课题时结识了一个朋友，并且最后发展成为挚友。
7．What do we know about the author and her soul mate
A．Their friendship is still developing．
B．She is the author's only soul mate．
C．They are trying hard to realise their dreams．
D．She has little confidence in their friendship．
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的now we have known each other for two years and our friendship is growing all the time可知，作者和挚友的友谊日益增进。
8．Why is the author thankful for the hard times
A．She went through them easily．
B．She has learned a lot from them．
C．They have made her suffer．
D．They have made her dream come true．
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的It hasn't only been easy．We have gone through both easy and hard times．But I'm grateful for the hard times, because they have forced me to grow and taught me a lot．可知，艰难的时光促使作者成长，也教会了她很多，由此可知，作者从中学到了很多。
Ⅱ．完形填空
The year 2020 was supposed to be great for me. I had finally gotten my
9 on track and arranged some incredible international trips I had dreamed of for years. And then, almost in an instant, everything fell apart.
Since the beginning of the lockdowns (活动限制), all the projects I had worked so hard for were 10 by the day. Trips were canceled or 11 as international borders were shut. Our normal way of life had almost ceased (停止) to exist.
At that moment, I realised I had to make a 12 . I was going to look into
13 career options. I had been a personal trainer before, and the 14 of getting back into something health and wellness 15 interested me.
Of course I had questions. How was I going to do this Was I too old Was I 16 enough I had to put those 17 aside. If there is anything that 2020 taught me, it's to 18 the unknown. So, with great enthusiasm and a hint of anxiety, I 19 for an EMT course to begin my journey.
From the first day, I devoted my time to learning everything I could about health and wellness both in class and at home. And the passion and hard work
20 . At the end of the year, I had 21 my EMT license and began to look for options in the industry.
I learned much from this experience. Life can change overnight, so it's important to get 22 and adapt to the new situations. Learning new skills will open your mind and doors to new opportunities. So the year 2020 was great for me, just in a 23 way from I had planned.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。2020年的疫情打乱了作者原本计划好的一切，但同时，也使得作者在这段时间学习新技能，并获取了新的工作机会。
9．A．education B．principle
C．business D．organisation
解析：根据第二段中的all the projects I had worked so hard for可知，此处表示我的工作终于步入了正轨。
10．A．growing B．happening
C．shaking D．disappearing
解析：根据上文And then, almost in an instant, everything fell apart．可知，由于疫情封控，作者的工作和计划都泡汤了，自己一直为之努力的项目也没了。
11．A．lengthened B．delayed
C．handled D．removed
解析：此处表示由于疫情封控，旅行被取消或延期了。
12．A．contribution B．discovery
C．change D．promise
解析：根据下文可知，作者有了再找工作的打算，不能因为疫情封控坐以待毙，要做出改变。
13．A．alternative B．legal
C．permanent D．ordinary
解析：由于疫情封控，作者所有的工作项目都停止了，因此，作者要重新找其他的工作了。alternative“可供替代的”。
14．A．truth B．comment
C．fame D．thought
解析：根据上文I had been a personal trainer before可知，作者曾经做过健身教练，因此有了重新从事与健康相关职业的想法。
15．A．reflected B．applied
C．related D．compared
解析：这里的health and wellness related作something的后置定语。
16．A．curious B．strong
C．intelligent D．ambitious
解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者对身体是否强壮比较在意。
17．A．weaknesses B．profits
C．fears D．expectations
解析：根据上文可知，此处指代上文提及的作者担心的事情。
18．A．avoid B．resist
C．embrace D．predict
解析：根据最后一段中的Learning new skills will open your mind and doors to new opportunities．可知，作者想要接受和迎接新的机遇，欣然接受未知。
19．A．tried out B．looked out
C．made up D．signed up
解析：空后的宾语an EMT course意为“一项急救医生课程”，因此这里应是“报名参加”。
20．A．held up B．broke off
C．turned up D．paid off
解析：根据下文可知，作者最后得到了EMT证书，付出得到了回报。
21．A．purchased B．cherished
C．earned D．witnessed
解析：根据下文began to look for options in the industry可知，作者已经开始在这个行业内找工作了，由此可推知，作者得到了EMT证书。
22．A．creative B．generous
C．unique D．successful
解析：根据下文Learning new skills will open your mind and doors to new opportunities．可知，作者在疫情封控造成的变化中学会了新技能，得到了新的机会。由此可知，学会创新和适应新形势很重要。
23．A．natural B．different
C．fortunate D．simple
解析：作者认为，自己的2020年依旧很精彩，只不过是以一种不同的方式度过。
Ⅲ．读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was sitting in my office in an animal clinic when a young family rushed in. The father held a dying dog packed in a bloody towel in his arms． He was followed by a young boy carrying a big cat and crying as if his little heart was completely broken. The mother followed, comforting the boy． The cat simply looked at everyone with no interest and remained calm, lying on the boy's shoulder．
The nurse sent the father and what he held into the examining rooms． As the mother, the boy and the cat settled down on the seats in the waiting room, I couldn't help asking what this was all about． I thought that the pet in the bloody towel must have been hit by a car． In fact, it was one of the most unusual and heartwarming stories I had ever heard．
The cat lying on the boy's shoulder, named Tom, was the first pet of the family and now was an old guy of 12 years old． They had rescued him as an abandoned kitten. He was a typical cat, self-centred and quite independent, but very gentle．
Then, a year before this incident, Scotty, a puppy (小狗), came to the family as a gift from the boy's grandparents． The family was at first fearful about how Tom would accept the newcomer, but a strange thing happened． The old cat looked at the dog as if he were a long lost little brother． He absolutely liked the little guy． He allowed the puppy to chew his tail． He played for hours with him as if the dog were his own personal pet．
The family loved the two pets very much, taking videos of the pair together, and impressed by the way the old cat and the young dog were connected． The family lived near the hill． Tom and Scotty were kept indoors at night because there were wolves searching for small pets for meals at night．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考范文：
Nobody had ever thought there would be a problem in daylight, however． That Sunday afternoon, Scotty was playing in the yard when the air was filled with barking and then screams of pain suddenly． The family rushed to investigate, only to spot a wolf sinking its sharp teeth into Scotty's back． The puppy was fighting bravely but the wolf had the absolute advantage． The father took a nearby chair and rushed out of the door just in time to see Tom flying past his head．
Tom, seeing Scotty caught by the wolf, jumped from the upper bedroom balcony and onto the wolf's head． He screamed and kept attacking the wolf's eyes, shocking him so much that he dropped Scotty． The father followed suit, hitting the wolf with the big chair． Frightened and desperate, the wolf jumped off immediately． Lying on the ground, Scotty was breathing at his last gasp． With no time wasted, the family covered him in a towel． If one can't be touched by this unusual and moving story, what else can I approached them, praying with them together．
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