北师大版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 8 Green living单元考点突破一学案（含答案）

名师原创：Unit8 单元考点突破（一）
●词汇精讲
1. leave vt&vi. (left, left) 离开；出发；使处于（某种状态）；剩下；造成，留下（某种结果）；留下（便条，口信）；遗忘，丢下；把…交给，委托; n. 休假，假期
【原句再现】
Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
leave sb/sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物处于某种状态
leave sb/sth. done/adj/adv. 使某人或某物处于…..
leave sth with/to sb. 把某物交给或委托给某人
leave behind 把….丢在后面，超过
leave out 遗漏；不包括
leave over 剩下，留下
leave room for…. 为….留余地
leave… for….离开某地前往某地
【精品例句】
She will leave Beijing for Hong Kong on business very soon.
不久，她要离开北京去香港出差
We shouldn’t leave the tap water running or waste any materials in the laboratory class.
在实验课上，我们不应该忘记关水龙头或者浪费材料
I left the door unlocked when I went out.
我出去时没锁门
Running a marathon will leave you breathless.
跑马拉松会让你上气不接下气
Leave the boy alone, he can make up his own mind.
别管这孩子，他会自己决定的
I have only got a few dollars left.
我身上只剩下几美元了
You can leave the cooking to me.
你可以把做饭的事儿交给我
If you study in a systematic way, you won’t leave anything out.
如果你用系统方法去学习，你就不会遗漏任何东西
She asked for three days’ leave to take care of her sick son.
她请了三天的假照顾生病的儿子
【高考链接】
Video games can be a poor influence if _________ (leave) in the wrong hands. (湖南课改卷) (left)
Go and join in the party. _____ it to me to do the washing-up.
A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. Send (湖北卷) (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave _____ any important details while retelling the story. (out)
Don’t leave the water _______ (run) while you brush your teeth. (running)
2. matter n. 事情；问题；（只用单数，与the 连用）毛病，麻烦事；（常用复数）时态，情况；物质；vi. 有关系；要紧（主语用于疑问句和否定句，并且不用于进行时态）
【原句再现】
How can it matter if I leave one little tap running, one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road (教材P31)
【词块积累】
a personal/private matter 私事
a matter of …. 关乎….的事情
as a matter of fact 事实上，其实
no matter （与疑问副词连用）无论，不管
take matters in one’s own hands. 亲自处理
It doesn’t matter 没关系；无所谓
辨析：matter, affair, event
三者都有“事情”之意。
matter 通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题，常用在 a matter of ….结构中；
It is a matter of duty.
这是个责任问题
We have several important matters to deal with at our next meeting.
下次会议我们有几件重要事情要处理
affair 可用于描述严肃认真的公共或政治事务，也可以描述与个人生活密切相关的小事。foreign affairs 外交事务
We are friends, but I don’t know much about their private affairs.
尽管我们是朋友，可我并不太了解他们的私生活
event 通常指重要事件；大事
The election was the main event of 2010.
那次选举是2010 年的大事
【精品例句】
I have a serious matter to talk about.
我有件重要的事情要谈
What’s the matter (with you)
（你）怎么了？
There is nothing the matter with the machine.
这台机器没有毛病
Matters were made worse by a fire in the factory.
工厂失火使得事态更为严重
Observance of law is a matter of principle for us.
遵守法律对我们来说是原则问题
You and I will always be friends, no matter what happens.
不管发生什么，你我永远是朋友
It doesn’t matter to me which way you take.
你走哪条路，我无所谓
What matters not most in learning English is enough practice.
学习英语最重要的是你有足够的练习
【高考链接】
There’s no reason to be disappointed. _____ this could be rather amusing. (浙江卷)
A. Above all B. As a result C. In addition D. As a matter of fact (D)
I can’t say which wine is best --- it’s a(n) ______ of personal taste.
A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Jack said he was ill. _____ a matter of fact, he was all right. ( As)
No matter _______ hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts. (how)
3. suffer from指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之苦。
【原句再现】
Most people suffer from what is known as “Just-me-ism”. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
suffer vt&vi. (身体或精神上) 受苦；遭受
suffering n．受苦，苦难
sufferer n．受苦者，受难者
suffer a heart attack 心脏病突发
suffer作及物动词时，指遭受一般的痛苦、损害等，其宾语一般是loss，pain，punishment，defeat，hardship，disappointment等。
suffer作不及物动词时，常与from 连用。
【精品例句】
A large quantity of money has been collected to help those suffering from the floods.
已经募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受洪灾的人们。
The graduate suffered a defeat in the job interview.
这名毕业生在求职面试时遭遇了失败。
Our life is becoming better and better while in some countries there are still some people suffering from hunger.
我们的生活越来越好，但在一些国家有些人仍在挨饿。
【高考链接】
Does he suffer _______ any kind of mental disability (陕西卷) (from)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We began to brainstorm ways we could help to ease the ____ (suffer) (suffering)
4. harmful adj. 有害的
【原句再现】
And all of this would be very harmful. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
do sb./sth. harm＝do harm to sb./sth. 伤害某人/物
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害
harm vt.& n．伤害，损害
be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/物有害
harmless adj. 无害的
【精品例句】
Smoking a lot of cigarettes can harm one’s health and even may kill people over a long period of time. 长期大量吸烟会危害身体健康，甚至可能导致死
According to the study，using smartphone too often does harm to your eyes.
根据研究，用智能手机太伤眼睛
He may not be able to help but there’s no harm in asking him.
他可能帮不了忙，但是问一下倒也无妨
Too much drinking will do great harm to you=Too much drinking will do you great harm.
饮酒过量对你危害甚大
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn.
看电视过多会影响孩子的学习能力
【高考链接】
Air pollution will get worse and this will do____ (harmful) to people. (山东卷) (harm)
The polluted air will be harmful _____ people and animals around. (湖北卷) (to)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
There is no harm in _______ (apologize) to her first. (apologizing)
That really did us _______ (harmful) . (harm)
5. establish vt. 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足
【原句再现】
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots&Shoots was established. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
established adj. 确立的；确定的
establishment n. 建立；设立；确立
an education establishment 一个教育机构
establish contact/a relationship with…与…建立联系、关系
establish sb./sth. as…把….确立为….
【精品例句】
The company was established in 1980.
这家公司成立于1980年
By then she was established as a famous star.
那时她的明星地位已得到确立
This unit is an established part of the course.
这个单元是本课程既定的一部分
The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.
发言人宣布了新学院的成立
By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.
至二十世纪二十年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟
【高考链接】
By 1909, Picasso had established himself _____ a painter of great talent in Paris . (陕西卷)
(as)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This novel established the reputation he still enjoys today _______ one of America’s greatest writers. (as)
6. set up 建立；创立；安排
【原句再现】
This institute was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, a scientist who’s best—known expert on wild chimpanzees. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
set out出发；启程；(怀着目标) 开始工作
set out (to do...)　动身；起程；开始做
set about (doing...) 着手做
set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起
set aside 留出；对……置之不理
set down 写下；记下
【精品例句】
He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.
他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。
A visitor arrived just as we were setting out for the airport.
我们正要前往机场时来了一位客人。
He will set out on a journey early in the next morning.
他明天一早就动身。
We set out to find the truth behind the mystery.
我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。
He set out to follow his artistic inclinations.
他开始追求自己的艺术爱好。
He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.
他已经完成了3年前开始努力做的事情。
【高考链接】
The moment she arrived home, she set about ____ (clean) the house. (天津卷) (cleaning
I'll set _________ early to avoid the traffic jams.（全国卷）(off/out)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I set off/out _____ the company earlier in order to avoid the heavy traffic. (for)
They want to set ______ their own company. (up)
She sets _______ a bit of money every month. (aside)
7. commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入 (工作、活动等)
【原句再现】
In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
commit...to…　把……送交/托付给……；对……作出承诺，承担义务，担负责任；使(自己)致力于……
commit oneself to do/to/sth./ doing...承诺；保证做……
commit a crime 犯罪
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的
commitment n.承诺；委托；承担义务
【精品例句】
We are committed to improving services.
我们承诺改善服务。
Nobody was prepared to commit themselves.
谁都不愿作出承诺。
She didn't want to commit herself one way or the other.
不管怎样，她都不想作出承诺
Also, be totally committed to what you do, as excellence is only possible with commitment．
此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。
【高考链接】
The President is committed to _______ (reform)health care. (江苏卷) (reforming)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The boy _______ (commit) to the care of his aunt yesterday. (was committed)
He has committed himself _______ the cause of education. (to)
He has committed himself _______ (support)them. (to support/to supporting)
8. solve vt. 解决问题；解答难题
【原句再现】
Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
solution n. 解决办法；答案；解答
a/ the solution to...……的解决办法/答案
【精品例句】
Here is the perfect solution to all your problems.
这是解决你所有问题的最佳方法
I’m trying to solve this problem, but I can’t find the right solution.
我正试图解决这个问题，但是找不到正确方法
Attempts to find a solution have failed.
找到方法的尝试最终失败了
The solution to last week’s quiz is on page 81.
上周测试题的答案在81页
【高考链接】
The school advisors help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct ____. (浙江卷)
A. solution B. target C. measure D. function (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
After running through the numbers in every possible combination, we finally find the solution_____ them. (to)
9. value vt. 重视；珍惜；评估；估价n. 价值；重要性；价格；划算程度；（复数）价值观，社会准则
【原句再现】
That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about: the value and importance of each individual—human, animal or plant. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
valuable adj. 值钱的，贵重的，宝贵的，有价值的
invaluable adj. 无价的，极其宝贵的
market value 市场价格
be good/bad value 很划算/不值
of value 有价值的；有用的
【精品例句】
Her grandfather left her a valuable ring.
她租房留给她一枚贵重的戒指
Real friendship is more valuable than money.
真正的友谊比金钱更宝贵
Every customer is looking for value for money.
每位顾客都想买到划算的东西
Most people know the value of a good education.
多数人都知道良好教育的重要性
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.
文艺复兴时期，新思想和新观念逐步取代了中世纪的思想和观念
How do you value him as a writer
他作为作家，你如何评价他？
He valued the painting at $2000.
他给这幅画估计两千美元
【高考链接】
As a big-time bargain hunter, I know the ________ (valuable) of a dollar. (全国课改卷) (value)
We should ________ (valuable) what we have and try our best to overcome any difficulty in life. （湖南卷） (value)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Sports can be _______ great value, especially to people who work with their brains most of the day. (of)
This gave him a _______ (value) clue about the cause of the disease. (valuable)
10. absent adj. 缺席的；不在的
【原句再现】
You cannot be absent. (教材P31)
【词块积累】
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的
be absent from school/class/work 缺课/缺勤
absence n. 缺席；不在；缺乏
absence of evidence/rain 缺乏证据/降雨
in/during sb’s absence 在某人不在时
in the absence of …. 在缺乏…..情况下
absence of mind 心不在焉；健忘
【精品例句】
Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
她驾车时心不在焉，差点酿成事故
In his absence I looked to see what was on his desk.
趁他不在时，我看了看他桌上有什么东西
The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof.
此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理
At times he would be absent for a few days.
他有时会离开几天
Snow is absent in some countries.
有些国家终年无雪
Grandpa’s been getting rather absent-minded lately.
爷爷最近变得很健忘
【高考链接】
He was eager to be back after more than a week’s absence _______ school. (湖北卷) (from)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The boy is always absent _________ school recently. (from)
During the _________ (absent) of Tom, they held the meeting. (absence)
11. convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服
【原句再现】
What techniques does the writer use to make his/her view logical and convincing (教材P32)
【词块积累】
convince sb. of sth.使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb. that... 使某人相信……
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convincing adj. 令人信服的
convinced adj. 确信的；坚信的
be convinced of ….. 相信……
be convinced (that)... (某人)相信……
【精品例句】
We've been trying to convince him to give up the plan．
我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。
What she said convinced me that I was mistaken.
她说的话让我相信我错了。
I'm not going to believe it myself, never mind convince anyone else
我自己都不会相信，更别提说服别人了。
Robert's expression had obviously convinced her of his innocence.
罗伯特的表情显然使她相信他是清白的。
She needed to find a way to convince Michel he was wrong.
她需要想办法使米歇尔相信他错了。
【高考链接】
I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to _____ me. (江西卷)
A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I am quite convinced ______ her experience in it. (of)
I'm not completely _______ (that)he knew the importance of practice. (convinced)
His speech was so _______ (convince) that everyone present believed what he said. (convincing)
12. concern vt. 关于; 与…有关; 涉及; 牵涉; 使担心; 使关心; 使关注; n担心; 忧虑; 关心
【原句再现】
While recently, many have become more concerned about environmental protection, there are still some who haven’t, thinking that someone else will deal with the problem. (教材P33)
【词块积累】
concern oneself with…把…与…连一起
concerned adj. 有关的;有关联的; 担忧的;关心的; 关注的; 关心的
be concerned with / in 与…有关；关注；关心
be concerned about / for 担心；关心
as far as sb. be concerned就而言; 关于
concerning prep. 关于
various questions concerning pollution and environment有关污染和环境的各种问题
the growing concern about/for / over continuing high unemployment
对连续高失业的不断关注对居高不下的失业率的日益担忧
【精品例句】
The film concerns a girl who goes to Africa as a volunteer.
这部电影讲的是一个女孩到非洲当志愿者的故事
Please pay attention because this information concerns all of you.
请注意，因为这条消息涉及你们每一个人
My father’s illness concerns us greatly.
父亲的病情使我们很担心
A good doctor should always concern himself with his patients.
好医生应当时时刻刻关心他的病人
I appreciate everyone's concern and help at this difficult time.
在此困难时刻，我很感激每个人对我的关心和帮助
I'm a bit concerned about/for her safety.
我有点担心她的安全
More people are concerned with the protection of endangered animals.
更多的人关注濒危动物的保护工作
As far as I'm concerned, you can do what you like.
就我个人而言，你想做什么都可以
【高考链接】
I'm doing fine as far as history ____ (concern) concerned, but my math is not good. (安徽卷) (is concerned)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
People concerned _______ the event were all punished. (with/in)
e up 走近，上来，被提出
【原句再现】
Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared – thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks! (教材P37)
【词块积累】
come across 偶然发现
come into sight/view进入视线;被看见
come to an end/a stop结束/停止
come to a decision/a conclusion/an agreement 作出决定/得出结论/达成协议
come true
come about(尤指未经计划地) 发生; 产生
come along一起来;出现;进展
come around/round 拜访; 探访
come from出生于;来自;产自;源自于
come down 下来，
come up with想出;提出，提供
when it comes to (doing) sth. 在说到/谈到…
【精品例句】
May all your dreams come true! 祝你们梦想成真!
Please tell me how the accident came about. 请告诉我事故是怎么发生的
The flood came about as a result of the heavy rain. 大雨引发了洪水
When reading articles related to science, we often come across difficult or unfamiliar words.读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词
Are you sure you really want all our friends to come along
你确定你真想让我们的朋友都一起来吗
The patient is coming along well after the operation. 手术后病人的状况良好
Come around when you have time. 有空时过来玩吧。
Do you know any Chinese words that come from English
你知道一些来自英语的汉语词语吗
Come on! We don't have much time. 快点!我们时间不多了
The rain stopped and the sun came out. 雨停了，太阳出来了。
Come up! I'm upstairs! 上来! 我在楼上!
He came up to me and asked me the way to the station.
他走近我，问我去车站的路怎么走
Although against my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.
尽管老教授不同意我的意见，但他也没有提出自己的意见
【高考链接】
1. --Hi, Dr Brown! I'm a little early. Should I wait outside --No. ____ (福建卷) ( C)
A. That's right B. My pleasure C. Come on in D. Take it easy
2. Is this your necklace, Mary I came _________it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. (湖北课改) (across)
3. Would you like to come ____ with us to the film tonight (全国课改) (along)
4.-- Have you come up ______ some new ideas --Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
（四川卷）(with)
5. -- Four dollars a pair I think it's a bit too much. （河北卷）
-- If you buy three pairs, the price for each will come ____ to three fifty. (down)
6. It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder how it came _____ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. （全国卷）(about)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Both groups scored similarly when ____ came to memorizing facts. (it)
When ___ comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness. (it)
His first novel has received good reviews since it came __ last month. (out)
14. fortunately adv. 幸运地
【原句再现】
Fortunately, people are trying different ways of solving those problems. (教材P37)
【词块积累】
fortune n. 机遇，运气；时运，命运；财产，大笔的钱
tell sb’s fortune 给某人算命
make a fortune = make one’s fortune 发财，发迹
a large fortune 一大笔钱
seek one's fortune 外出找出路
try one's fortune 碰运气
fortunate adj. 幸运的
be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 幸运地做某事
【精品例句】
If you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.
如果你不努力，机会是不会来的
What will be our fortune
我们的命运如何？
He received a large fortune when his uncle died.
他叔父去世时， 他得到了一大笔钱
The fortune set him free from financial worries.
这笔钱使他不必为经济问题担忧
Mr. Parker worked in a small company for two years and then he went abroad to seek/try his fortune.
帕克先生在一家小公司里工作了两年，然后就出国碰运气了
Nowadays many young people dream of making a fortune in big cities.
现在许多年轻人梦想在大城市里发财
To his joy，he had/has the fortune to train with some of the world’s top athletes
使他感到高兴的是，他有幸与一些世界顶级的运动员一起训练
【高考链接】
The Chinese dragon is a bringer of good _______ (fortunate). (陕西卷)
(fortune)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He dreamed of making his ______ (fortunately) and receiving a lot of money. (fortune)
●本单元重要词组
15. in addition to… 除….以外还
In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. (教材P31)
In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
e up with…. 想出；提出
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea. (教材P36)
He came up with the idea on his way home.
17. thanks to…. 由于；因为；多亏
Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s… (教材37)
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
●句型点拨
1. 现在完成进行时
【原句再现】
People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years. (教材P36)
【能力拓展】
※ 现在完成进行时有时有延续性，现在完成时往往没有。
※ 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。
※ 现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果，但前者所表示的结果是直接的，而后者所表示的则是最后的结果。
【精品例句】
I've been trying to find out her telephone number.
我一直在查问她的电话号码。
She is very tired. She's been typing letters all day.
她很累了。她整天都在录入信件。
His eyes are red. He has been working too hard recently.
他眼睛红了，准是最近工作太紧张了。
【高考链接】
We __________ (talk) to him all morning because he is very talkative.(陕西卷) (have been talking)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The old man _______ (live) here since 1990. (has been living)
2. so that引导状语从句
【原句再现】
People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. (教材P37)
句式分析:so that 引导结果状语从句，意为“以便…”
【能力拓展】
※so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……”，相当于“in order that”。此从句中常含有情态动词can，could，may，might等，目的状语从句之前不用逗号将其与主句隔开。
※so that还可引导结果状语从句，此时从句中往往不带情态动词，可用逗号把主从句隔开。
※so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，so之后接形容词或副词。
【精品例句】
He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课以便能在考试中获得高分。
I finished my homework quickly so that I could go swimming with my dad.
为了能和父亲去游泳，我迅速做完了家庭作业。
I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
我早起是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车。
【高考链接】
I spend more time learning English every day _______ I can make greater progress.
(湖南卷) (so that)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
She had not planned her time well, _______ she didn’t finish her homework on time. (so that)
He is ______ young that he can't look after himself. (so)
●现在分词和过去分词（详见语法课件）
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