人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Welcome unit 五年高考练(有答案)

Welcome unit 五年高考练
阅读理解
A
（2017浙江）
Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey（调查）by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15%said they had fallen asleep at school.
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest：most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal（理想的）. But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35%of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime Watch TV.
"More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities（机会）to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone, "says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers 'bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7：25 am to8：30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.
词汇积累
according to根据 adult n. 成年人 chemical adj. 化学的 hormone n. 荷尔蒙；激素
1. What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on？
A. American kids' sleeping habits.
B. Teenagers' sleep-related diseases.
C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness.
D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.
2. How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day？
A. 7 hours. B. 8 hours. C. 10 hours. D. 18 hours.
3. Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon？
A. They are affected by certain body chemicals.
B. They tend to do things that excite them.
C. They follow their parents ' examples.
D. They don't need to go to school early.
B
（2017课标全国Ⅰ）
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl（猫头鹰）on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick（雏鸟）and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all--LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
词汇积累
creature n. 生物 survival n. 存活；幸存 rescue n. 营救locate v. 确定 的位置, 定位respond v. 回应
4. What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1？
A. Efforts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his work.
C. Feeling uncertain about his future.
D. Creatures forced out of their homes.
5. Why was the author called to Muttontown？
A. To rescue a woman.
B. To take care of a woman.
C. To look at a baby owl.
D. To cure a young owl.
6. What made the chick calm down？
A. A new nest. B. Some food.
C. A recording. D. Its parents.
7. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event？
A. It's unexpected. B. It's beautiful.
C. It's humorous D. It's discouraging.
C
（2016北京）
December 15, 2014
Dear Alfred,
I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.
Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150+at 17, I'm anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）. Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.
However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.
While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn't. So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.
Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, I'm learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your videos. This has given me a purpose.
Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the job-Data Analyst-this month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors.
Thank you. You've given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because I'm doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.
This is why you' re saving my life.
Yours,
Tanis
8. Why didn't Tanis go to college after high school
A. She had learned enough about computer science.
B. She had more difficulty keeping focused.
C. She preferred taking online courses.
D. She was too slow to learn.
9. As for the working environment, Tanis prefers .
A. working by herself B. dealing with the public
C. competing against others D. staying with ADHD students
10. Tanis wrote this letter in order to .
A. explain why she was interested in the computer
B. share the ideas she had for her profession
C. show how grateful she was to the center
D. describe the courses she had taken so far
二、七选五
（2016课标全国）
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 1 But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. 2 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
3 Fresh fish should smell sweet：you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. 4 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 5 First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）. Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. （A larger one will take more time. ）Then, it's ready to serve.
A. Do not buy it.
B. The easiest is to steam it.
C. This is how you can do it.
D. It just requires a little knowledge.
E. The fish will go bad within hours.
F. When buying fish, you should first smell it.
G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
词汇积累
edge n. 边；边缘 fresh adj. 新鲜的 frozen adj. 冷冻的 season v. 给 调味 steam v. 蒸 serve v. 上菜
参考答案及解析
一、
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一则调查反映了美国青少年的睡眠习惯及存在的问题, 并介绍了一些学校的应对方法。
1. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句中的51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early可知, 该项调查主要关注的是10-18岁的孩子们晚上10点及之后才睡觉, 也就是说关注
他们的睡眠习惯, 所以选A
2. C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal. 可知C项正确。
3. B 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段前两句中there are more opportunities（机会）to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone及these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited可知选B
В
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一个保护野生动物的志愿者组织工作, 这份工作既有艰辛痛苦也有拯救生命带来的幸福。请看作者是怎么救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的吧!
4. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain"可知, 拯救野生动物的工作有时令人心碎, 因为动物不一定能活下来, 也就是说可能会徒劳无功, 由此可知答案为A项。
5. C细节理解题。根据第二段中的"She had found a young owl on the ground. "和第三段中的"I examined the chick and it seemed fine. "可知, 作者接到一个居住在Muttontown的妇女的电话, 于是赶过来看看这只雏鸟的情况, 由此可知答案为C项。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的描述可知作者给这只雏鸟制作了一个安全舒适的新巢, 把它放进去后, 很快它就安静了下来。由此可知答案为A项。
7. B 推理判断题。由最后一段的描述可知, 作者回到家, 焦急地等待结果, 结果是雏鸟的父母被雏鸟发出的声音吸引了过来, 并开始照料它了。它存活下来了。结合第一段中的when it works, it is simply beautiful可知答案为B项。
C
语篇解读 本文是一封书信, 属于应用文。文章主要讲述了Tanis因患有注意力缺陷多动障碍症而无法上大学, 后来在网上培训中心的帮助下发现了自己的价值, 从而十分感谢该培训中心。
8. B细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知作者患了ADHD, 而由文章第四段开头部分. . my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldn't. 可知选B
9. A 细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句中的I could work alone可判断选A.
10. C 写作目的题。根据文章开头和结尾段以及第七段中的Thank you. You've given me hope可判断在作者不能上大学后是培训中心给了作者希望, 因此作者写信是为了表达感激之情, 故选C项。
二、语篇解读 本文为说明文, 介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的小小窍门。
1. G 细节句。上句提到吃鱼对人的健康有益, 本句是对上句的解释说明, G项符合语境, 意为“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病。
2. D细节句。上句指出：购买、储存和烹饪鱼并不是难事。本句承接上句, D项符合语境, 意为“它只需要一点儿知识".
3. F 主旨句。下文指出了新鲜的鱼和不新鲜的鱼都有什么气味, 由此可判断F项为主题句, 意为“买鱼时应该先闻闻味道". 4. A细节句。上句指出有腥味或者味儿很大的鱼不新鲜, 本句承接上句, 指出不要购买这样的鱼, 故A项正确。
5. B 过渡句。上文指出做鱼的方法有很多种, 根据下文出现的steam可知此处讲述了清蒸的方法, 故B项正确, 意为“最简单的方法就是清蒸".
8