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阅读提示:文章指出美国孩子缺乏睡眠的问题,列举了不同年龄段的孩子所需的睡眠时间、青少年晚睡的原因以及学校为解决青少年的睡眠问题所采取的措施等。
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Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查)by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. ①Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired. during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.
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How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal (理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime Watch TV.
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“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities (机会)to stay awake,with more homework,the Internet and the phone,” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. ②Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers’ bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before11pm. ③
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Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.
答案:1.A.
答
案
解
析
1
练有所得
1. What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on
A. American kids’ sleeping habits.
B. Teenagers’ sleep-related diseases.
C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness.
D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.
答案:2.B.
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案
解
析
1
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2. Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon
A. They are affected by certain body chemicals.
B. They tend to do things that excite them.
C. They follow their parents’ examples.
D. They don’t need to go to school early.
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长难句分析
①句意:根据美国国家睡眠基金会的一项新的调查,十到十八岁的孩子中,百分之五十一的人在 上学期间晚上10点或更迟一些上床睡觉,尽管他们得早早起
床。分析:这是一个主从复合句。even though在句中引导让步状语从句。
②句意:她说在睡眠时间的这些活动能让孩子们感到非常兴奋,使他们平静下来睡觉变得困难。分析:这是一个主从复合句。动词says后接宾语从句,宾语从句中含有“ make+形式宾语it+宾语 补足语+for sb. to do sth.” 结构。
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长难句分析
③句意:体内叫作荷尔蒙的化学物质水平的改变不仅让青少年的身体发展出成人的特征,还让他们在晚上11点之前入睡变得困难。
分析:动名词短语Changing levels of...作主语,过去分词短语called hormones在句中作后置定语, not only...but also...在句中连接两个并列的成分。
借助文中“关键句”进行推理判断 第一步:找到题干中的关键词语,理清题干所 表达的意义。例如第1题题干中的关键词语为“the new National Sleep Foundation。
第二步:从文中找到题干中关键词语的出处,进行合理推测。根据第1题题干中的关键词语,可定位文中第一段第二句和第二段第五句,这两句都 在讲美国年轻人的睡眠习惯。
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方法归纳
1.feel tired 感到疲劳
2.depend on 取决于
3.bedtime n.睡觉时间
考纲词汇