Unit 1 单元复习方案
单元拓展
词汇拓展
1. volunteer n. & v.→ voluntary adj.
As a volunteer, he often does voluntary work, and he thinks it’s his responsibility to volunteer to help those people in need.作为一名志愿者,他经常做志愿性工作,他认为自愿帮助那些需要帮助的人是他的责任。
2. responsible adj. →responsibility n.
Jack is the manager of the project and responsible for the whole project. If anything goes wrong, he will take resposibility for it.杰克是这个项目的经理,负责整个项目。如果出了任何差错,将由他来承担责任。
3. prefer v. → preferable adj.→ preference n.
I prefer the preferable suggestion you referred to in the book in preference to the words you told me yesterday我更喜欢你在书中提到的那个更可取的建议,而不是你昨天告诉我的那些话。
4. confuse v. → confusing adj. → confused adj. → confusion n,
They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.他们问了许多让人难以理解的问题,使我迷惑不解。我彻底糊涂了,迷茫地站在那儿,不知所措。
5. attract v. → attraction n.→ attractive adj. → attracted adj
In Beijing, there are many tourist attractions, like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and Tian’anmen Square. But what attracts me most is the Great Wall, which is also attractive to the foreigners. More and more foreigners are attracted by its beauty and come to China.北京有许多旅游胜地,比如说长城、颐和园以及天安门广场。但是最吸引我的是长城,它对外国人来说也很有吸引力。越来越多的外国人被它的美吸引而来到中国。
6. behave v. → behaviour n.
Everyone here behaves very politely and tourists impressed with their elegant behaviour。这儿的每一个人都表现得很有礼貌,游客对他们优雅的行为印象深刻。
7. addict n. & v. → addicted adj. → addiction n.
As you know, Tom used to be an addict because he was addicted to video games for many years. Luckily, he made great efforts to get rid of his addiction last year.正如你所知道的那样,汤姆曾经是一个电子游戏迷,因为他对电子游戏入迷很多年了。幸运的是,去年他全力来戒掉他的游戏瘾。
话题词汇
热点话题一:中学生的爱好与兴趣
基本词汇:
favorite(最喜欢的);
taste(爱好,志趣);
read novels(读小说);
surf the Internet(上网);
chat online(在线聊天);
collect stamps(集邮)
make friends(交友);
climb mountains(爬山);
enjoy pop music(喜欢流行音乐)
亮点词汇:
develop an interest in(在……方面培养兴趣);
be fond of(喜欢);
be keen on(对……着迷);
have a taste in(喜爱);
hobby(业余爱好);
be interested in(对……感兴趣);
have a great love for(非常喜爱……)
热点话题二:友谊
基本词汇:
make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友);
a strong personality(个性强);
personal matters(私事);
friendly(友好的);
a close friend(一个亲密的朋友);
trust each other(互相信任);
share…with sb.(与某人分享…);
keep in touch with sh.(与某人保持联系);
stay best friends with sb.(和某人保持很好的友谊);
a friend in need(患难之交)
亮点词汇:
know sb. very well(熟知某人);
precious(珍贵的);
worthy(有价值的);
understanding(善解人意的);
be loyal to(对…忠诚)
keep pany(陪伴,做伴)
热点话题三:招聘与求职
基本词汇:
employ(雇用);
be paid by the hour(按小时发工资);
subject(课程);
working experience(工作经验);
health(健康状况);
present address目前的地址);
graduate from(毕业于);
degree(学位);
scholarship(奖学金);
good grades(良好的成绩);
be good at((擅长);
experienced(有经验的);
confident(自信的);
English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力)
亮点词汇:
requirement(要求);
resume(简历);
schooling(学校教育);
qualification(资格,学历)
transcript(学生成绩报告单);
apply for(申请);
be skilled in/at…(在……方面熟练);
major in(主修);
minor in(辅修);
综合提升
如何做完形填空
设题持点
近几年高考完形填空题的一个显著特点是突出语篇,考查考生语言运用的相关能力。吃透短文的大意是正确答题的基础。从每个小题的设计来看,属于句子层次(即只需读懂设空所在句便可找到答案)的题目所占的比例很小。一般来说,需要通过上下文来考虑的题目每年要占70%以上,其中需要从全文角度考虑的占1/3以上,这些都体现了“突出语篇”的命题思路。这个思路就要求考生在做题时必须始终注意联系上下文的线索去判断,有时前面的空需要根据后面所述的情况,甚至是最后一句话才能得出正确答案,后面的空则需要联系前面的内容才能做出正确判断。
1.选项设计的一个显著特点是以考查实词(或称信息词汇)为主。近年来的完形填空题几乎没有什么单纯考查语法知识的题目,而是考查考生通过对上下文的理解和把握来灵活运用所学词汇的能力。实词包括动词、形容词、副词、名词代词等词类,占全部题目的85%以上。
2.首句完整,主题明确。
完形填空题所选短文一般无标题,但首句通常不设空,目的是让考生能迅速进入主题,熟悉语言环境,建立正确的思维导向。短文都有比较明确的主题,全文围绕这个主题阐述和展开。
解题策略
1.寻求搭配,理顺逻辑
固定搭配的考查是完形填空的常见考题,如动词与介词的搭配,动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,因此必须根据具体的上下文做出合理的判断。
2.根据词汇意义及用法辨析词义、确定答案
对完形填空题的考查虽然淡化了语法,但对语言点的考查依然存在,主要体现在词汇搭配和意义辨析两个方面。弄清楚它们之间的细微差异有助于提高答题的正确率。要做好这种题目,必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来,从词汇意义入手,利用某个情节的线索解决问题。
3.结合生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理
完形填空往往有完整的语言信息内容,其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识,设空考查学生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。要解决这类题目,考生不仅要有广博的知识、丰富的生活经历,还要能驾驭全文,不仅要理解文章的表层意义,还要弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不是很准确时,可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断,确定答案。
4.查漏补缺,反复推敲,核对答案
复核答案时,要根据文章的中心去判断所选答案是否符合逻辑,是否符合文章的主题,有无语法或搭配错误。审读过程中,如果遇到不畅之处,应从词义和逻辑两方面权衡,从而纠正错误,弥补疏漏。对于仍拿不准的个别选项,应坚持自己的第一感觉。
总之,完形填空题并无固定的解题技巧,但做题时需要结合文章的特点弄清短文大意,从整体篇幅上设想所遇空白处中应该出现的内容,而后再以该题选项来验证自己的推测,做出调整和修改。
答题模板
(1)快速通读全文,抓住主旨脉络,特别注意首尾句。文章都有中心议题和中心内容。快速通读全文,才能把控全局,理清思路;抓住主线,才能使思维朝着正确的方向发展。在阅读中要特别注意提示句,尽量记忆关键词、句,力求把文章内容串联起来并在脑海中形成一个完整的图像。
(2)弄清主旨脉络以后,要逐句精读、逐句分析,用平时积累的英语语法和语言知识,根据单词的惯用搭配、文中前后逻辑以及常识进行客观推测,务必克服平时的思维定式。在选择答案的过程中,要先易后难;对少数难题,可暂定答案,在复读全文后再加以分析推敲。
(3)联系上下文,寻觅启示信息。启示信息有以下几个方面:首句提供的信息;通读全文获得的信息;已经补充完整句子提供的信息;后文提供的信息;平时积累的常识和背景知识提供的信息。对上述信息,要全面考虑,寻找启示,做出选择。
(4)复读全文,力求从旁观者的角度重新审视文章,从整体角度核对答案,进一步加深对文章的理解。要根据文章的中心思想与各段落之间、前后句之间的内在逻辑关系,检查文章的整体性;也可以从语法、惯用法、固定搭配、背景知识等方面进一步验证和修改答案。
真题解析
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 1 about the mall dog he had seen 2 alongside the road. He had 3 to coax(哄)the dog to him but,frightened,it had 4 .
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 5 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 6 . After a long and careful 7 ,Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 8 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 9 . It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 10 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 11 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 12 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 13 their dog.
Jeff had 14 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 15 for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 16 enough to go to that kind of 17 ,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 18 .
“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 19 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 20 to go that extra mile.”
1. A. read B. forget C. thought D. heard
2. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
3. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
4. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
5. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
6. A. home B. past C. back D. on
7.A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
8. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
9. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
10. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
11. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
12. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
13. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
14.A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
15. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
16. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
17.A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
18.A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
19.A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
20. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. willing
语篇导读
本文述了一位男士帮助素不相识的人找回丢失的宠物狗的故事。
答
1.C 埃勒斯想起(thought)了他在路边看到的那只颤抖的小狗。
2.B 参见上题解析。
3.A 他尽力(tried)把小狗哄到他身边,但它感到害怕,跑开(run off)了。
4.D 参见上题解析。
5.C 根据第三段第一句中的“as lost in the local paper”可知,埃勒斯很担心那只丢失的(lost)狗。
6.C 根据空处所在句可知,四天后,他叫上朋友格雷格,两人一起开车回去(back)。
7.D 此处指经过长时间且仔细的寻找(search)。
8.A 根据第一段中的“frightened”可知,那只狗正在谨慎地(cautiously)移动。
9.B 根据空后内容可知,此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(joy)所取代了。
10.B 由下一句中的“ad”可知,此处应选B。advertise登广告。
11.B 根据下文埃勒斯跟狗的主人取得了联系可知,广告上留有电话(phone)号码。
12.A此处指埃勒斯打电话(called)给杰夫和丽莎,告诉他们他已经找到(found)了他们的狗。
13.C参见上题解析。
14.A由下文中的“the gun shots”可知,杰夫当时带着他的狗在爱荷华州打猎(hunted)
15.D Jeff寻找他的狗罗西无果。In vain是固定短语,意为“徒劳无益,白费力气”。
16.A很高兴知道仍然有人非常关心(cares),不怕麻烦trouble)。
17.B参见上题解析。
18.C此处是丽莎在评价埃勒斯为营救所做出的努力(effort)。
19.D埃勒斯认为,丢失这只狗的主人很可能跟这只狗的关系很密切(close),就像他与他的狗之间的关系一样。
20.D埃勒斯表示“如果那是我的狗,我希望有人愿意(willing)为我的狗多走一些路程。willing愿意。
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