人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 学案Unit2 Travelling around易混易错点辨析（有答案）

【名师原创】：Unit2 易混易错点辨析
●travel; journey; trip; tour
【教材原句】
Hi, Wang Lei! Yes, I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou.. (教材P25)
【辨析】
四个词都有“旅行”的意思，但有一定区别。
travel意思是“旅行,旅游”, 既可以作名词也可作动词，指某人国内外不同的地方所进行的多次旅行, 泛指“旅行”时，为不可数名词，如果指一次较长时间、且去过多处地方的旅游时, 常用复数形式。
journey意思是“一次旅游”，强调旅程，行程，旅途，是直达目的地的长途旅行, 一般用作可数名词，也可作动词。
trip意思是“一次往返的旅途”， 往往是短途旅行，常伴有原因或目的，一般用作可数名词。
tour 意思是“观光，巡游”，一般用作可数名词，后常接of 短语，也可作动词,指巡回比赛或演出。
【例句呈现】
He is writing a book about his travels.
他正在写一本关于他的游历的书。
Information on travel in New Zealand is available at the hotel.
新西兰的旅游信息在该酒店可以查到。
Students often travel hundreds of miles to get here.
学生们常常要旅行数百英里才能到这儿。
It was a long journey, but we eventually arrived.
旅程很长，但我们最后还是到达了。
He told a very descriptive account of his journey.
他对旅行作了十分生动的叙述。
We went on a school trip to the zoo.
我们参加了学校的动物园旅行。
I'm going on a business trip next week.
我要为商务去进行一次旅行。
They planned to make a wedding trip to Paris.
他们计划到巴黎旅行度蜜月。
We went on a tour of Guangzhou.
我们去广州观光旅游
The band is on a tour of China.
这个乐队在中国巡回演出
【考点过关】
根据travel, journey, trip和 tour的意义及用法填空
1. He likes books of _______ (travel).
2. I really enjoy my trip ________ the Ocean Park.
3. My father was on a business ________ to Beijing.
4. How was your journey ______ Shenzhen
5. He is going to make _______ long journey.
6. Let him continue on his ________ (journey).
7. They're going on a tour _______ the world.
8. We are going on a tour _______ the city this afternoon.
9. He also collects things for the house on his ________ (travel) abroad.
10. The football team is on a ________ of France.
【参考答案】
1. travels; 2. to; 3. trip; 4. to; 5. a; 6. journey; 7. of; 8. of; 9. travels; 10. tour.
●reason; cause
【教材原句】
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. (教材P26)
【辨析】
两者都有“原因”的意思，，但用法有一定的区别。
reason多指做某事的“理由或借口”， 常用在reason for… 和 reason why…结构中。
cause 侧重指导致某事发生的起因，即造成一种事实或现象的原因，常用在cause of…. 结构中。
【例句呈现】
That is the reason why I don't like it.
那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
He is able to explain the reason because he was present at that time.
他当时在场, 所以他能解释原因。
We have reason to believe that he was murdered.
我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。
We shall in no way let reason be defeated by impulse.
我们决不能让冲动战胜理智。
Cars are one of the leading causes of air pollution in the world today.
汽车是当今世界空气污染的主要原因之一。
Money is thought to be the root cause of all evils.
钱被认为是万恶之源。
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for American women in their forties.
乳腺癌是导致四十几岁的美国妇女死亡的主要原因。
She gave no reasons for her decision.
她没有解释自己为什么做出这个决定。
We’d like to know the reason why she didn’t accept the job.
我们想知道为什么她拒绝了这份工作。
Police are investigating the causes of the explosion.
警方正在调查爆炸的原因。
You have no cause for complaint.
你没有理由抱怨。
Smoking is the biggest preventable cause of death and disease.
吸烟是造成不必要疾病和死亡的最大原因。
His assessment of the situation is based on sheer emotion, not reason.
他对形势的评估完全是感情用事,而不是建立在理性基础上的。
【考点过关】
用reason或cause填空
1. The _______ of the fire is not yet known. ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / cause / " \o "点击发音 )
2. I'd like to know the _______ why you're so late.
3. Unemployment is a major _______ of poverty.
4. We aren't going for the simple _______ that we can't afford it.
5. I have no particular _______ for doubting him.
6. Faulty wiring is the major _______ of house fires. ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / cause / " \o "点击发音 )
7. Give me one good _______ why I should help you.
8. He was the unknowing _______ of all the misunderstanding. ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / cause / " \o "点击发音 )
9. For some ______ we all have to come in early tomorrow.
10. The immediate ______ of death is unknown. ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / cause / " \o "点击发音 )
【参考答案】
1. cause; 2. reason; 3. cause; 4. reason; 5. reason; 6. cause; 7. reason; 8. cause; 9. reason; 10. cause ( http: / / dict. / example / blng / eng / cause / " \o "点击发音 )
●spend; cost; pay
【教材原句】
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century. (教材P27)
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. (教材P27)
【辨析】
三个词都有“花钱”之意，但用法上有一定的区别。
spend 主语一般是人， 常用在以下结构中：
sb. spend some time / money on sth. 某人在某事上花费时间或金钱
sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间或金钱做某事
sb. spend money for sth. 花钱买某物
cost 主语是某物或某事，常用在以下机构中：
sth. cost(sb.) some time 某物花了（某人）多少钱
(doing) sth. cost (sb.) some time/effort （做）某事花费（耗费）（某人）多少时间或努力；cost 也可以作名词，表示“费用，成本”。
pay 主语一般是人，表示“付款，赔偿”, 常用在以下结构中：
sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物付钱
sb. pay sb. some money for sth. 某人付给某人买….的钱
sb. pack some money back 某人还钱
sb. pay off money/debt 某人还清钱或债
【例句呈现】
She spent 100 on a new dress.
她花100英镑买了一条新连衣裙。
How long did you spend on your homework
你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
She would pinch on food in order to spend on clothing.
她过去常把伙食费省下来买衣服.
I spend most of my working day sitting at a desk.
我一天之中大部分工作时间都坐在办公桌旁。
We calculated the cost of building a new house.
我们计算了造一座新房子的费用。
That car must have cost a bundle.
这辆汽车一定值很多钱。
How much do the vegetables cost
这些蔬菜值多少钱？
The work was cost by the engineer at $50,000.
这项工程据工程师估价为50 000美元。
Let me pay for dinner.
晚饭让我来付。
He'll have to pay off all his debts.
他必须偿清他的一切债务。
【考点过关】
根据spend, cost和pay的用法填空
1. She spends too much effort _______ things that don't matter.
2. Businessmen spend enormous amounts _______ (advertise) their products.
3. You should spend time on basic training, not ______ those flourishes.
4. The company has spent thousands of pounds _______ (update) their computer systems.
5. This energy could be much better spent _______ (take) some positive action.
6. The new car will _______ (cost/pay) 5000 at the lowest computation.
7. Finishing the project ________ (cost/pay) them two years.
8. They paid 3,000 yuan ________ these desks.
9. After ten years of hard work, she paid ________ all her debts at last.
10. The old woman ________ (cost/paid) 20 dollars for the three books in English.
【参考答案】
1. on; 2. advertising; 3. on; 4. updating; 5. taking; 6. cost; 7. cost; 8. for; 9. off/back; 10. paid
●be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….
【教材原句】
Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake. (教材P27)
These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west. (教材P27)
【辨析】
be made of…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made from… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
be made up of…. 意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成，相当于consist of… 和be comprised of…
【例句呈现】
The pipes should be made of plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These houses are made of bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made from grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made from milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made into jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Road' is soon to be made into a television mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up of both new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plato conjectured each of these elements to be made up of a certain Platonic solid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first two seasons, the third will most likely be comprised of 10 parts, which will bring its overall count to 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be comprised of several different species of Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made of….; be made from….; be made up of….; be comprised of….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ various metals and elements so that they give off different colors.
2. The taps appeared to be made _______ solid gold.
3. They used to be made _________ pigskin.
4. But those piles of metals in the warehouses(仓库) are waiting to be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydration is an essential part of maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen to be made up ______ about 96 percent water-more than most solid foods, including watermelon.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavored, chocolate-coated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be comprised ______ either basic animal or human research or both.
8. The full text is supposed to be comprised ______ five parts in detailed elaboration.
【参考答案】
1. from; 2. of; 3. of; 4. into; 5. of; 6. into; 7. of; 8. of
●in order to do sth; so as to do sth.
【教材原句】
In order to save time, we’re taking the cable car up there. (教材P32)
【辨析】
两者都可以作目的状语，一般情况下没有什么区别, 常可互换使用, 但用法有细微区别。
in order to do sth. 引导的目的状语既可以放句首，也可以放句尾，位置较为灵活。
so as to do sth. 引导的目的状语只能放在句尾，不能位于句首。
温馨提示：
①两者的否定式: in order not to do sth.; so as not to do sth.
② 两者的复合结构: in order for sb. to do/so as for sb. to do （当不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须用其复合结构）。
【例句呈现】
He arrived early in order to/so as to get a good seat.
他很早到达了以便找到好座位。
In order to arrive before dark, we started early.
为了天黑前到达，我们很早就出发了。
You'd better check the names once again so as to avoid mistakes.
你最好再检查一下名字，以免搞错。
The test questions are kept secret so as to prevent cheating.
试题要保密，以免泄密。
I got up early in order to catch the first bus.
为了赶上第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I got up early in order not to miss the first bus.
为了不错过第一班公交车，我起得很早。
I woke him early in order for him not to miss the first bus.
我把他早早叫醒，为的是不让他错过第一班车。
He started early so as to be there on time.
他出发很早，以便准时赶到那里。
【考点过关】
根据in order to do sth. 和 so as to do sth. 用法填空
1. We first need to understand the current usage scenarios and analyze the resulting performance problems _______ to do the correct performance correcting actions.
2. He started early _______ not to be late for school.
3. Zhang Yang’s mother woke him early _______ for him not to be late for work.
4. And _______ to do that, I need to talk about mice a little bit.
5. So, ______to do that, the technology has to be just as much human as it is artificial.
6. The purpose of these practices is to make athletes have a quicker recovery after training _______ to do their future study and training well.
【参考答案】
1. in order/so as; 2. in order/so as; 3. in order/so as; 4. in order; 5. in order; 6. in order/so as
●attend; join; join in; take part in; participate in
【教材原句】
I want to experience some Chinese culture and see the natural beauty there, but my main goal is to find out which university is the best for me to attend. (教材P33)
【辨析】
都有“参加”的意思，但用法稍有不同。
attend后常接“会议、典礼、聚会”等名词作宾语，强调亲临现场；还可以用于正式的听课或上学等。
join “加入”各种团体、党派、组织、人群等，成为其中的一员。
join in “参加”，尤其指与其他人一起参加某项工作或活动。
take part in指参加某项活动，重在说明参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用，当part前有形容词时，须用不定冠词。
participate in “参加，参与”，正式用语。
温馨提示：join in用法相当于take part in或join in, 三者一般可以换用。指参与游戏时一般用join in
【例句呈现】
The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders.
90%的股东出席了会议。
Our children attend the same school.
我们的孩子上同一所学校。
Thousands of people attended the funeral.
数千人参加了葬礼。
I've joined an aerobics class.
我参加了有氧健身班。
She joined the Communist Party three months ago.
她三个月前加入共产党。
His wife and children moved to join him in their new home...
他的妻子和孩子们搬进了他们的新家，和他一起生活。
He joined the Army five years ago.
他5年前参军了。
May I join in the discussion
我可以参加讨论吗
I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun
我希望每个人都能够加入进来，玩得开心。
It's no use egging him on; he's made up his mind not to take part in the tournament.
他已拿定主意不参加比赛了，你再将他也没有用。
More and more people are beginning to participate in the activity.
越来越多的人开始参加这项活动。
The researchers asked 25 university students to take an active part in their sleep experiment.
研究人员让25名大学生积极参加他们的睡眠实验。
【考点过关】
根据attend; join; join in; take part in; participate in 用法填空
1. They ______ college together at the University of Pennsylvania last year.
2. We all _______ his wedding yesterday.
3. Now and again he'd ______ when we were playing video games.
4. They _______ the sport that interests them most.
5. He also writes articles, hoping that more people will _____ protecting natural ecosystems.
6. Ally has learned how to work with Clara and to get her to _______ the lessons.
7. A teen might ______ a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it, or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important.
8. They all _______ the Trade Union last year.
【参考答案】
1. attended ; 2. attended; 3. join in ; 4. join in/take part in/participate in; 5. join in/take part in/participate in; 6. join in/take part in/participate in; 7. join in/take part in/participate in; 8. joined
●apart from; except; except for; except that; besides
【教材原句】
Apart from being a magical place, Machu Picchu also brings a lot of business and money to Peru. (教材P34)
【辨析】
这六个词都有“除了….”的意思，它们的意思和用法既有交集又有区别。
apart from 在肯定句中表示“整体中除了具有相同特点的人或物外，还有别的人或物”，即包括在内，相当于besides; 在否定句中，表示从整体中除去具有不同特点的人或物，即排除在外，此时相当于but的用法, 有时也可与except换用。apart from后面出现动词时，要用动名词。
except 表示“排除同类事物（将整体去除一部分）”，即排除在外。后接名词、介词短语或动词原形。
but 与except意思相同，但but多与no, none, nothing, nobody, all, any, everyone, everything等不定代词连用。常出现在nothing but….; anything but…..; no….but…；all but….; 等否定结构中, 而且who but….也是常见结构。
except for 常用于对整体进行肯定，对局部进行否定， 即先肯定，然后再指出个别不足之处。
except that 与except for意思相同，但后面必须接从句，有时可根据主句和从句的关系，使用wh-从句。
besides 表示“除了…之外还….”，包括其后排除的事物；另外还可用作副词， 表示“而且”。
【例句呈现】
Quite apart from/besides all the work, he had financial problems.
除了那么多工作，他还有财务困难。
Apart from keeping a brief interlude of peace, the war lasted nine years.
除了一段短暂的和平，那场战争持续了九年。
What other sports do you like apart from/besides football
除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？
Nothing else matters to him apart from/but his job.
对他来说，除了工作以外，什么事都无关紧要。
I like all sports apart from/but football.
除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。
I've finished the crossword apart from/except 3 across and 10 down.
这份纵横字谜除横3竖10以外我都填完了。
Apart from/But my host, I didn't know a single person there
除了主人外，那里的人我一个也不认识。
The room was empty apart from one man seated beside the fire
除了有个男人坐在火炉边，房间里空荡荡的。
We don't do much in the evenings except watch television.
我们在晚上除了看电视不怎么干别的事。
We work every day except/but Sunday.
我们除星期天外每天都工作。
They live in a remote area, inaccessible except by car.
他们住在一处偏远地区，只能开车去
Prisoners were allowed no personal possessions except letters and photographs.
囚犯除信件和照片外不允许有任何私人物品。
They all came except/but Matt.
除马特外他们都来了。
Everyone seems busy except/but us
除了我们，大家好像都很忙碌。
I had no choice but to sign the contract.
我别无选择，只好签了合同。
We've had nothing but trouble with this car.
我们这辆车净出毛病。
The problem is anything but easy.
这个问题一点也不简单。
Except for her illnesses, she had had a particularly happy childhood
除了体弱多病外，她的童年特别幸福。
Except for a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
除了几处语法错误之外，你这篇作文写得不错。
He's a good man, except for his short temper.
他是个好人，除了气粗些。
I know nothing about him except that he knocked about South Africa for a while.
我除了知道他在南非流浪过一段时间外对他一无所知。
I didn't tell him anything except that I needed the money.
我什么都没告诉他，只是说我需要钱。
These two pens are alike except that they're different colors.
这两支笔样儿差不多，色儿不一样。
The log cabin stayed empty, except when we came.
除非我们到来，要不然那间小木屋一直都是空的。
I received nothing except what was due to me.
除了我应得的东西，我并未接受任何东西。
I understand everything except why he stole the money.
我什么都明白，只是不理解他为什么要偷那笔钱。
The snow, except where it drifted, was only calf-deep.
除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。
There are other visitors besides me.
参观人除我之外，还有另外的人。
Besides this, they also faced many difficulties.
除此之外,他们还面临了许多困难。
Besides all this, he had a number of little visits to pay, in the course of the day;
除此之外，在白天当中，他还需要去看望好些地方。
【考点过关】
用apart from, but, besides, except, except for, except that和besides填空
1. Many of the bodies were unidentifiable _______ by dental records.
2. They didn't have to do anything _______ sit back and enjoy life
3. Arrange all the vegetables ______ the potatoes in layers.
4. Who ______ Rosa could think of something like that
5. Europe will be represented in all _______ two of the seven races.
6. Your composition is good ______ some spelling mistakes.
7. The quality of this cloth is fine, ______ the color is not quite right.
8. This is a good novel, _______ the long and tedious ending.
9. Mr. Smith usually goes to work by bus _______ it rains.
10. I know nothing about the accident ______ I have read in the newspaper.
11. He told his parents everything _______ he needed so much money.
12. The old lady never spoke to anyone ______ someone came to visit her.
13. ______ chocolate and fruit juice, we also need bread and eggs.
14. Who ______ George would do such a thing
15. You can get the book anywhere ______ here.
16. ______ this dress, I also bought a hat and a pair of shoes。
17. ______ London, I’ve been to Manchester, Newcastle and Glasgow, too.
18. There is no one ______ me.
【参考答案】
1. except; 2. except; 3. except/but; 4. but; 5. except/but; 6. except for; 7. except that; 8. except for; 9. except when; 10. except what; 11. except why; 12. except when; 13. Besides; 14. but; 15. but; 16. Besides; 17. Besides; 18. but
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